Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1
Table of Contents

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2005

Registration No. 333-123463


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


AMENDMENT NO. 1

TO

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933


LAZARD LTD

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Bermuda   6199   98-0437848
Delaware   6199   20-2281724

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)


Lazard Ltd

Clarendon House

2 Church Street

Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda

(441) 295-1422

     

Lazard Group Finance LLC

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, New York 10020

(212) 632-6000

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)


Scott D. Hoffman, Esq.

Lazard Ltd

Lazard Group Finance LLC

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, New York 10020

(212) 632-6000

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)


Copies to:

Adam D. Chinn, Esq.

Craig M. Wasserman, Esq.

Gavin D. Solotar, Esq.

Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz

51 West 52nd Street

New York, New York 10019

(212) 403-1000

 

Kris F. Heinzelman, Esq.

Erik R. Tavzel, Esq.

Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP

Worldwide Plaza

825 Eighth Avenue

New York, New York 10019

(212) 474-1000

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:  As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, please check the following box.  ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier registration statement for the same offering.  ¨

If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box.  ¨


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE


Title of each class

of securities to be registered

  Amount to be
Registered
  Proposed Maximum
Offering Price
Per Security
 

Proposed maximum

aggregate
offering price(1)(2)

 

Amount of

registration fee(3)

Equity Security Units

  11,500,000   $ 25   $ 287,500,000   $ 33,839

Lazard Group Finance LLC Senior Notes due 2035(4)

                     

Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share(5)

            $ 287,500,000   $ 33,839

Purchase Contracts(6)

                     

(1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933.
(2) Exclusive of accrued interest, if any.
(3) Registration fee previously paid in connection with the initial filing of this Registration Statement.
(4) The Lazard Group Finance LLC Senior Notes are offered as a component of the equity security units for no additional consideration.
(5) Shares of Class A common stock of Lazard Ltd to be issued to the holders of equity security units upon settlement of the purchase contracts, for a purchase price of $25 per unit. The actual number of shares of Class A common stock to be issued will not be determined until the date of settlement of the related equity security units. Also includes an indeterminate number of shares of Class A common stock issuable in the event certain contract adjustment payments become payable in such shares, for which no additional consideration will be paid.
(6) The purchase contracts are offered as a component of the equity securities units for no additional consideration.

The Registrants hereby amend this registration statement on such date as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrants shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.



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The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion. Dated April 18, 2005.

 

10,000,000 Units

 

LOGO

 

          % Equity Security Units

 


 

This is an offering of equity security units of Lazard Ltd, or “Lazard.” Each equity security unit has a stated amount of $25 and will consist of (a) a contract pursuant to which you agree to purchase, for $25, shares of Class A common stock of Lazard on                 , 2008 and (b) a 1/40, or 2.5%, ownership interest in a senior note of Lazard’s affiliate, Lazard Group Finance LLC, or “Lazard Group Finance,” a Delaware limited liability company, with a principal amount of $1,000. The ownership interest in the senior note initially will be held as a component of your unit and be pledged to secure your obligation to purchase shares of common stock of Lazard under the related purchase contract.

 

Lazard will make quarterly contract adjustment payments to you under the purchase contract at the annual rate of           % of the stated amount of $25 per purchase contract. In addition, Lazard Group Finance will make quarterly interest payments on the senior notes at the initial annual rate of           %. Lazard has the right to defer the contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts, but Lazard Group Finance does not have the right to defer the interest payments on the senior notes. The senior notes will be remarketed and, in connection with the remarketing, the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the senior notes will be reset. The senior notes will be secured by a pledge of senior, unsecured notes issued by Lazard LLC, which holds the Lazard financial advisory and asset management businesses described in this prospectus. Lazard Group Finance will purchase the Lazard LLC notes with the proceeds from this offering. The units will be sold initially by the underwriters in a minimum number of 40 units.

 

Prior to this offering and the concurrent initial public offering of Class A common stock of Lazard, there has been no public market for the units or Lazard’s Class A common stock.

 

In addition to offering these units, Lazard concurrently is offering pursuant to a separate prospectus 30,464,579 shares of its Class A common stock, or the “common stock,” plus up to an additional 4,569,686 shares of common stock if the underwriters for that offering exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock. Lazard LLC also is offering $650 million in principal amount of senior, unsecured notes concurrently in a private placement. The completion of this offering of equity security units is subject to the completion of the initial public offering of Class A common stock of Lazard and the private placement of the Lazard LLC senior notes and also is subject to satisfaction of conditions to the separation described in this prospectus. Lazard also intends to sell $150 million of securities that are the same as the equity security units and $50 million of our common stock to a third party in a private placement upon closing of this offering.

 

The equity security units and the shares of common stock that will be issued in the concurrent equity public offering have each been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbols “LDZ” and “LAZ”, respectively.

 

See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 36 to read about important factors you should consider before buying units.

 


 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 


 

     Per Unit

   Total

Initial public offering price

   $                    $                

Underwriting discount

   $                    $                

Proceeds, before expenses, to Lazard

   $                    $                

 

The initial public offering price set forth above does not include accumulated contract adjustment payments and accrued interest, if any. Contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts and interest on the senior notes will accrue from the date of original issuance, which is expected to be                 , 2005.

 

To the extent that the underwriters sell more than 10,000,000 units, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to an additional 1,500,000 units from Lazard at the initial public offering price less the underwriting discount.

 


 

The underwriters expect to deliver the units against payment in New York, New York on                 , 2005.

 

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

Citigroup

Lazard

Merrill Lynch & Co.

Morgan Stanley

 

Credit Suisse First Boston   JPMorgan

 


 

Prospectus dated                 , 2005.


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LOGO

 


 

  Ÿ   Established 1848

 

  Ÿ   Presence in 27 cities in 15 countries

 

  Ÿ   Executive offices in Paris, London, Milan and New York

 

Financial Advisory


 

Asset Management


Ÿ 2004 Net Revenue of $655 million

Ÿ 131 managing directors and 512 other professionals as of December 31, 2004

 

Ÿ 2004 Net Revenue of $417 million

Ÿ 35 managing directors and 260 other professionals as of December 31, 2004

2004 Net Revenue  

Assets Under Management

$86 Billion as of December 31, 2004

LOGO


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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

This is a public offering of equity security units by Lazard Ltd, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “ESU offering.” Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms:

 

  Ÿ   “Lazard,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Lazard Ltd, a newly-formed company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda, and its subsidiaries, including Lazard Group (as defined below) and the businesses, subsidiaries, assets and liabilities that Lazard Group will retain after the completion of the transactions described in this prospectus, and

 

  Ÿ   “Lazard Group” refers to Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is the current holding company for our businesses, which will be renamed Lazard Group LLC in connection with this offering and in which Lazard Ltd will acquire a controlling interest upon completion of this offering.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. The distribution of this prospectus and sale of these securities in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons in possession of this prospectus are required to inform themselves about and observe any such restrictions. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus only. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.

 

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our     % equity security units, which we refer to in this prospectus as our “equity security units.” You should read this entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks of investing in our equity security units discussed under “Risk Factors.”

 

Lazard

 

We are a preeminent international financial advisory and asset management firm that has long specialized in crafting solutions to the complex financial and strategic challenges of our clients. We serve a diverse set of clients around the world, including corporations, partnerships, institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals. We believe that what sets us apart is our dedication to:

 

  Ÿ   competing on the basis of our intellectual (rather than financial) capital, which is personified by our team of highly skilled professionals,

 

  Ÿ   demanding excellence and superior quality in all that we do,

 

  Ÿ   cultivating long-term, senior-level relationships with clients, through deep roots in local markets,

 

  Ÿ   linking together our local offices through a global network of industry expertise,

 

  Ÿ   remaining focused on our chosen lines of business to provide the highest degree of expertise and continuous innovation,

 

  Ÿ   emphasizing our tradition of integrity in all our dealings, and

 

  Ÿ   offering independent, trusted and unbiased advice.

 

Lazard was founded in 1848, expanded shortly thereafter to provision the needs of the California gold rush, and eventually evolved its business exclusively into financial services. Having recently united the historical New York, Paris and London “Houses” of Lazard under Lazard Group, we operate

 

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today from 27 cities in key business and financial centers across 15 countries in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia. We believe that the mix of our activities across business segments, geographic regions, industries and investment strategies helps to diversify and stabilize our revenue stream.

 

Our Strategic Positioning

 

We focus primarily on two business segments, Financial Advisory (including our Mergers and Acquisitions and Financial Restructuring practices) and Asset Management. Since January 2002, when new senior management joined our firm, we have made significant reinvestments in the intellectual capital of our business to strengthen ourselves for future growth and profitability. As a result of our strategic initiatives, we believe that we are now positioned such that:

 

  Ÿ   Our Mergers and Acquisitions practice is poised to capitalize on any future growth in the mergers and acquisitions market. This practice comprised 44% of our net revenue from continuing operations (as defined below in “—Glossary”) for the year ended December 31, 2004. During the fourth quarter of 2004, we experienced a 28% increase in net revenue as compared to the corresponding period in 2003, which contributed to a 15% increase in net revenue for the full year 2004 as compared to 2003. During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in this practice increased by 64% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004. Revenue in a particular quarter may not be indicative, however, of future results.

 

Our Financial Restructuring practice, which comprised 9% of our net revenue from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2004, provides counter-cyclical balance to our Mergers and Acquisitions practice. Following the recent economic recovery, and consistent with our expectation, this practice has experienced a 61% cyclical decline in net revenue over the last year. During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in our Financial Restructuring practice increased 36% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004. Revenue in a particular quarter may not be indicative, however, of future results. With our leading position in this practice area, we believe that we are positioned to benefit from any resurgence in corporate credit defaults and financial distress.

 

  Ÿ   Our Asset Management business, which comprised 38% of our net revenue from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2004, is benefiting from new strategic and management initiatives. We have recently transitioned the senior management of our largest Asset Management subsidiary to the next generation of leadership. We have been making significant efforts to improve our investment management capabilities and to enhance and expand our platform of traditional and alternative investment products. During 2004, we grew our management and other fees by 25% versus 2003.

 

Our Business Model

 

We have a focused business model. We generate Financial Advisory revenue primarily from fees earned upon the closing of mergers and acquisitions, restructurings and other engagements on which we have provided advisory services. We generate Asset Management revenue primarily from investment advisory fees calculated as a percentage of the assets under our management, or “AUM.” Employment costs are our largest expense, a significant portion of which is paid in the form of discretionary bonuses. Our policy will be to set our total compensation and benefits expense, including amounts payable to our managing directors, at a level not to exceed 57.5% of our operating revenue, such that after considering other operating costs, we may realize our operating profit margin goal. For more information on our compensation and benefits expenses, see “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial

 

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Information” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Separation—Our financial performance depends on our ability to achieve our target compensation expense level, and the failure to achieve this target level may materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.”

 

Financial Advisory

 

Our Financial Advisory business provides advice in connection with a wide range of strategic and financial matters that are typically of great importance to our clients. Our goal is to continue to grow our business by fostering long-term, senior-level relationships with existing and new clients as their independent advisor on strategic transactions such as mergers, acquisitions, restructurings and other financial matters. Our Mergers and Acquisitions services include general strategic advice and transaction-specific advice regarding domestic and cross-border mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, privatizations, special committee assignments, takeover defenses, strategic partnerships, joint ventures and specialized real estate advisory services. We provide advice to managements and boards of directors, business owners, governments, institutions, investors and other interested parties on a worldwide basis. Our dedicated industry specialty groups include: consumer, financial institutions, financial sponsors, healthcare and life sciences, industrial, power and energy, real estate and technology, media and telecommunications. We also currently provide various corporate finance services, such as fund-raising for alternative investment firms and public and private financings.

 

Our Financial Restructuring practice, which specializes in helping companies in financial distress, is an important strategic component of our Financial Advisory business. We believe we are the leading financial restructuring advisory firm in the world, having advised on most of the largest and highest profile corporate restructurings over the last several years. We believe that we have been able to secure our leading position in this practice area through a combination of our restructuring and industry-related expertise and our independent position. This practice complements our Mergers and Acquisitions practice because it is generally more active when our Mergers and Acquisitions practice is less active. In addition, our Financial Restructuring practice often generates follow-on relationships and assignments that survive the completion of restructuring-related engagements.

 

In 2004, Financial Advisory net revenue totaled $655 million, accounting for 60% of our net revenue from continuing operations, and was earned from a diverse group of 435 clients. Fifty-four percent of this net revenue was generated in Europe, 45% in North America and 1% in the rest of the world.

 

Since January 2002, when new senior management joined our firm, our focus in our Financial Advisory business has been on:

 

  Ÿ   making a significant reinvestment in our intellectual capital with the addition of many senior professionals who we believe have strong client relationships and industry expertise. We have recruited or promoted 68 new managing directors from January 2002 through December 2004, contributing to a 48% increase, net of departures, in Financial Advisory managing director headcount over that period, with the result that approximately half of our Financial Advisory managing directors have joined our firm or been promoted since January 2002. While we will continue opportunistically to hire outstanding individuals to this practice, we anticipate that our recent managing director expansion program in this practice is now substantially complete,

 

  Ÿ   increasing our contacts with existing clients to further enhance our long-term relationships and our efforts in developing new client relationships,

 

  Ÿ   expanding the breadth and depth of our industry expertise and adding new practice areas,

 

  Ÿ   coordinating our industry specialty groups on a global basis, and

 

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  Ÿ   broadening our global presence by adding six new regional offices and entering into strategic alliances in new geographies.

 

As a result, our Financial Advisory practice today consists of an experienced group of advisors with specialties across a wide range of industries and practice areas, operating, we believe, with increased quality and frequency of client contact. We made these investments during a period of financial market weakness, when many of our competitors were reducing senior staffing, to position us to capitalize more fully on any financial services industry recovery. We believe that it generally takes a new managing director from one to two years from the date of hiring to produce revenue at his or her full capacity. As a result, we believe that many of our new managing directors have not yet reached their full revenue generating potential.

 

In addition to the recent expansion of our Financial Advisory team, we believe that the following external market factors may enable our Financial Advisory practice to benefit from future growth in the global mergers and acquisitions advisory business:

 

  Ÿ   increasing demand for independent, unbiased financial advice, and

 

  Ÿ   a potential increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions and large capitalization mergers and acquisitions, two of our areas of historical specialization, which have experienced greater than average declines in recent years.

 

Asset Management

 

Our Asset Management business provides investment management and advisory services to institutional clients, financial intermediaries, private clients and investment vehicles around the world. Our goal in our Asset Management business is to produce superior risk-adjusted investment returns and provide investment solutions customized for our clients. As of December 31, 2004, total AUM was $86.4 billion, of which approximately 80% was managed on behalf of institutional clients, including corporations, labor unions, public pension funds, insurance companies and banks, and through sub-advisory relationships, mutual fund sponsors, broker-dealers and registered advisors. As of the same date, approximately 20% of our AUM was managed on behalf of individual client relationships, which are principally with family offices and high-net worth individuals.

 

Many of our equity investment strategies share an investment philosophy that centers on fundamental security selection with a focus on the trade-off between a company’s valuation and its financial productivity. As of December 31, 2004, 81% of our AUM was invested in equities, 13% in fixed income, 3% in alternative investments, 3% in cash and less than 1% in merchant banking funds. As of the same date, approximately 56% of our AUM was invested in international (i.e., non-U.S.) investment strategies, 23% was invested in global investment strategies and 21% was invested in U.S. investment strategies.

 

We operate our Asset Management business through two principal subsidiaries, Lazard Asset Management LLC, or “LAM,” in New York, San Francisco, London, Milan, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Tokyo, Sydney and Seoul (aggregating $76.5 billion in total AUM as of December 31, 2004), and Lazard Frères Gestion, or “LFG,” in Paris (aggregating $9.4 billion in total AUM as of December 31, 2004). These operations provide our business with a global presence and a local identity. We also manage $0.5 billion of merchant banking funds.

 

In 2004, Asset Management net revenue was $417 million, accounting for 38% of our net revenue from continuing operations. Fifty-nine percent of this net revenue was generated in North America, 33% in Europe and 8% in the rest of the world.

 

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Our strategic plan in our Asset Management business is to focus on delivering superior investment performance and client service and broadening our product offerings and distribution in selected areas in order to continue to drive business results. In March 2004, we undertook a senior management transition at LAM to put in place the next generation of leadership and to better position the business to execute our strategic plan. Over the past several years, in an effort to improve LAM’s operations and expand our business, we have:

 

  Ÿ   focused on enhancing our investment performance,

 

  Ÿ   improved our investment management platform by hiring ten senior equity analysts and filling the newly established position of Head of Risk Management,

 

  Ÿ   strengthened our marketing capabilities by establishing a global consultant relations effort aimed at improving our relations with the independent consultants who advise many of our clients on the selection of investment managers,

 

  Ÿ   expanded our product platform by “lifting-out” experienced portfolio managers to establish new products in the hedge fund area and in thematic investing, and

 

  Ÿ   launched new products such as “Lazard European Explorer,” a European long/short strategy, and “Lazard Global Total Return and Income Fund, Inc.,” a closed-end fund.

 

We believe that LAM has long maintained an outstanding team of portfolio managers and global research analysts. We intend to maintain and supplement our intellectual capital to achieve our goals. We also believe that LAM’s specific investment strategies, global reach, brand identity and access to multiple distribution channels will allow it to leverage into new investment products, strategies and geographic locations. In addition, we plan to expand our participation in merchant banking activities through investments in new and successor funds.

 

Competitive Advantages

 

We attribute our success and distinctiveness to a combination of long-standing advantages from which we and our predecessor partnerships have benefited, including:

 

  Ÿ   Experienced People.    Our professionals concentrate on solving complex financial problems and executing specialized investment strategies. We strive to maintain and enhance our base of highly talented professionals and pride ourselves on being able to offer clients more senior-level attention than may be available from many of our competitors.

 

  Ÿ   Independence.    We are an independent firm, free of many of the conflicts that can arise at larger financial institutions as a result of their varied sales, trading, underwriting, research and lending activities. We believe that recent instances of perceived or actual conflicts of interest, and a desire to avoid any potential future conflicts, have increased the demand by managements and boards of directors for trusted, unbiased advice from professionals whose main product is advice.

 

  Ÿ   Reputation.    Our firm has a brand name with over 150 years of history. We are focused on providing world-class professional advice in complex strategic and financial assignments, utilizing both our global capabilities and deeply rooted, local know-how.

 

  Ÿ   Focus.    We are focused on two primary businesses—Financial Advisory and Asset Management—rather than on a broad range of financial services. We believe this focus has helped, and will continue to help, us attract clients and recruit professionals who want to work in a firm where these activities are the central focus.

 

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  Ÿ   Global Presence with Local Relationships.    We believe that linking our talented indigenous professionals, deep local roots and industry expertise across offices enables us to be a global firm while maintaining a local identity. We believe this approach enables us to build close, local relationships with our clients and to develop insight into both local and international commercial, economic and political issues affecting their businesses. We do not regard any single jurisdiction as our home country.

 

  Ÿ   Balance.    Our Financial Advisory business includes both our Mergers and Acquisitions practice and our Financial Restructuring practice, which historically have been counter-cyclical to each other, thus helping to stabilize our revenue stream. Our Asset Management business helps provide further stability, principally because we generate significant recurring client business from year to year. Our revenue is also geographically diversified: in 2004 we derived 50% of our net revenue from continuing operations from offices in North America, 47% from offices in Europe and 3% from offices in the rest of the world.

 

  Ÿ   Strong Culture.    We believe that our people are united by a desire to be a part of an independent firm in which their activities are at the core and by a commitment to excellence and integrity in their activities. This is reinforced by the significant economic stake our managing directors have in our success. In our opinion, the strength of our many long-term client relationships is a testament to our distinctive culture and approach to providing superior advice to our clients.

 

Selected Risk Factors

 

We face a number of competitive challenges and potential risks. See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of the factors you should consider before buying our securities. Some of the more significant challenges and risks include the following:

 

  Ÿ   Retention of Our Managing Directors and Other Key Professionals.    Our business depends upon our retention and recruitment of talented people, and we face competitive pressures for retaining and recruiting top talent. Because of these competitive pressures and our goal of achieving our target ratio of compensation expense-to-operating revenue, we may not be able to retain our managing directors or recruit new managing directors.

 

  Ÿ   Our Results Will Fluctuate.    The level and source of our revenue fluctuates from period to period. In particular, despite the improvement in our Mergers and Acquisitions and Asset Management net revenue during 2004 and the first quarter of 2005, these businesses remain subject to cyclical economic and market influences. The cyclical downturn in the financial services industry between 2000 and 2003, the year prior to the recent recovery, in combination with our having undertaken to invest significantly in the intellectual capital of our business commencing in 2002, resulted in substantial declines in our net revenue and net income allocable to members from 2000 to 2004.

 

  Ÿ   Dependence on Market Conditions.    As a financial services firm, our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world. The performance of our Financial Advisory business depends, in part, upon the level of merger and acquisition activity and the rate of financial restructurings. The performance of our Asset Management business, including both management and incentive fees that we earn, depend, in part, upon the performance of securities markets generally. As a result, market and economic conditions significantly affect our performance.

 

  Ÿ  

Retention of Asset Management Clients.    In addition to being dependent upon general market conditions, our Asset Management business also is dependent upon performance

 

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relative to our competitors. If our AUM underperform relative to our competitors, our clients may withdraw funds from our Asset Management business, which would decrease the amount of AUM upon which we earn management fees.

 

  Ÿ   Competition from Other Financial Institutions.    The financial services industry is intensely competitive. Many of our competitors have the ability to offer a wide range of products, from loans, deposit-taking and insurance to brokerage, asset management and investment banking services. These competitors have the ability to support their investment banking services, including financial advisory services, with commercial banking, insurance and other financial services revenue. Such cross-subsidization could result in pricing pressure in our businesses.

 

  Ÿ   Industry Litigation and Regulation.    The financial services industry faces substantial litigation and regulatory risks, and we may face legal liability and damage to our professional reputation if our services are not regarded as satisfactory or do not meet regulatory requirements.

 

Our Initial Public Offering

 

We decided to become a public company in order to:

 

  Ÿ   incentivize our key employees, who also will be our primary owners, to grow the profitability of our business and enhance our ability to retain and recruit talented professionals,

 

  Ÿ   better align the interests of all of our owners by using the net proceeds from this offering, and the net proceeds from the additional financing transactions, primarily to redeem membership interests in our firm held by the historical partners, and

 

  Ÿ   provide us with publicly traded securities, which we could use to finance strategic acquisitions in the future.

 

This offering is a public offering of equity security units of Lazard Ltd, which will be the holding company for the public’s common equity interests in Lazard Group. Lazard Group holds our Financial Advisory and Asset Management businesses.

 

This offering is one of a series of concurrent securities offerings that Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group and one or more of their subsidiaries intend to complete, which other offerings we refer to in this prospectus as the “additional financing transactions.” The additional financing transactions consist of an offering, by means of a separate prospectus, of Class A common stock of Lazard Ltd, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “equity public offering,” a private placement of senior unsecured notes of Lazard Group, by means of a separate offering memorandum, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “debt offering,” and an investment agreement with IXIS—Corporate & Investment Bank, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “IXIS investment agreement.” This prospectus shall not be deemed to be an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities offered in the equity public offering or the debt offering or any securities to be acquired pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement. See “Description of Capital Stock—IXIS Investment in Our Common Stock,” “Description of Indebtedness—IXIS Investment in Exchangeable Debt Securities” and “Description of Indebtedness—Lazard Group Senior Notes.”

 

Our History

 

Our origins date back to 1848 when our founders, the Lazard brothers, formed Lazard Frères & Co. as a dry goods business in New Orleans, Louisiana, with a combined contribution of $9,000. Shortly thereafter, the Lazard brothers moved to the gold rush town of San Francisco, California, where

 

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they opened a business selling imported goods and exporting gold bullion. The business progressively became involved in financial transactions, first with its retail clients and then increasingly with commercial clients. Over time, the business expanded into the banking and foreign exchange businesses.

 

Seeking to expand operations to Europe, the Lazard brothers opened offices in Paris and London in 1858 and 1870, respectively. By 1876, Lazard’s businesses had become solely focused on providing financial services. In 1880, Alexander Weill, the founding brothers’ cousin, assumed control of Lazard.

 

Through the early and mid-twentieth century, the three Lazard Houses in London, Paris and New York continued to grow their respective operations independently of each other, with the New York House coming under the leadership of André Meyer in 1944. Under Mr. Meyer and continuing with Felix Rohatyn, the New York House further developed its reputation as a preeminent mergers and acquisitions advisory firm. Michel David-Weill, a descendant of the founding families, joined Lazard Frères et Cie. in Paris in 1956, ascended to a leadership role within the French operations and later moved to the New York House, where he became senior partner in 1977.

 

Lazard has conducted an asset management business in Paris since 1969, establishing a separate subsidiary, LFG, for those operations in 1995. In 1970, the New York House entered the institutional asset management business by establishing LAM to complement its financial advisory business.

 

Throughout the twentieth century, Lazard’s Paris and New York Houses were owned by the Houses’ individual partners and by relations of their founders. For much of that period, the London House was majority-owned by Pearson plc, until the sale in 2000 by Pearson of its interests to a predecessor of Eurazeo S.A.

 

The unification of the Houses of Lazard under a single global firm was completed as of January 3, 2000, with their merger to form Lazard LLC. We believe that this combination has enabled us to offer our clients the benefits of a more unified global firm while preserving the advantages of our century-old, local roots. Bruce Wasserstein joined Lazard in early 2002 as Head of Lazard. Under Mr. Wasserstein’s direction, Lazard has pursued a strategy of growing its Financial Advisory and Asset Management businesses by attracting senior investment bankers and investment advisory professionals to our firm.

 

Lazard’s history as a preeminent financial advisor has contributed to its ability to secure key advisory roles in some of the most important, complex and recognizable mergers and acquisitions of the last 75 years. Since 1999, we have advised on nearly 1,000 completed mergers and acquisitions, having a cumulative value in excess of $1 trillion. During this period, we have participated in many prominent transactions, advising:

 

  Ÿ   MCI, Inc. in evaluating its strategic alternatives, including its announced agreement to engage in a merger,

 

  Ÿ   Nextel Communications in its pending merger-of-equals with Sprint Corporation (to create a company with a combined equity market value of approximately $70 billion as of December 15, 2004),

 

  Ÿ   Telecom Italia Mobile in its pending 21 billion sale of the remaining public interests to Telecom Italia (integrating Italy’s largest phone carrier and leading mobile operator),

 

  Ÿ   Mitsubishi Tokyo Financial Group in its $41 billion acquisition of UFJ Holdings (the first contested transaction among Japanese banks, creating the world’s largest financial institution as measured by assets as of the date of this prospectus),

 

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  Ÿ   Hollinger International Inc. in its £730 million sale of the Telegraph Group Limited to Press Holdings International (owned by the Barclay brothers) in 2004 (the largest single title newspaper transaction as of the date of this prospectus),

 

  Ÿ   Fisher Scientific International Inc. in its $3.7 billion acquisition of Apogent Technologies Inc. in 2004 (creating a leading life sciences business),

 

  Ÿ   Bank One Corporation in its $59 billion sale to JPMorgan Chase & Co. in 2004 (creating the second largest bank in the U.S. as of the date of this prospectus),

 

  Ÿ   Canary Wharf Group PLC in its £5 billion sale of a majority interest to an investment consortium in 2004 (the largest ever public-to-private transaction for a listed real estate company as of the date of this prospectus),

 

  Ÿ   Alcan Inc. in its $7 billion acquisition of Pechiney in 2004 (creating the world’s largest aluminum company based on revenue as of the date of this prospectus),

 

  Ÿ   Telecom Italia in its 25 billion sale of minority stockholder interests to Olivetti in 2003 (simplifying the ownership structure of one of Europe’s largest telecommunications firms),

 

  Ÿ   Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations in its 16 billion partnership with Group Caisse d’Epargne in 2003 (completing the restructuring of the French public finance sector and creating a major universal bank), and

 

  Ÿ   Pfizer Inc. in its $89 billion acquisition of Warner-Lambert Company in 2000 (the largest unsolicited acquisition at the time) and in its $61 billion acquisition of Pharmacia (the largest announced acquisition in 2002).

 

In recent years, we have been an advisor in most of the largest and highest profile corporate restructurings around the world. Since 1999, we have advised on over 100 in and out-of-court restructurings comprising in excess of $300 billion of debt restructured. Our restructuring assignments have included, in the U.S., WorldCom Inc. ($38 billion of debt) and Reliant Resources ($9 billion of debt), in Italy, Parmalat ($27 billion of debt), in the U.K., Marconi Corporation plc ($8 billion of debt), in France and the U.K., Eurotunnel plc ($12 billion of debt) and in Korea, Daewoo ($50 billion of debt).

 

We were incorporated in Bermuda on October 25, 2004. Our registered office in Bermuda is located at Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda, with a general telephone number of (441) 295-1422. Our principal executive offices are located in the U.S. at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10020, with a general telephone number of (212) 632-6000, in France at 121 Boulevard Haussmann, 75382 Paris Cedex 08, with a general telephone number of 33-1-44-13-01-11, in the U.K. at 50 Stratton Street, London W1J 8LL, with a general telephone number of 44-207-187-2000 and in Italy at via Dell’Orso 2, 20121 Milan, with a general telephone number of 39-02-723121. In total, we maintain offices in 27 cities worldwide. We maintain an Internet site at www.lazard.com. Our website and the information contained on that site, or connected to that site, are not incorporated into this prospectus, and you should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our securities.

 

Lazard’s Organizational Structure

 

Lazard Ltd is a Bermuda holding company. After completion of this offering, Lazard Ltd will have no material assets other than ownership of approximately 33.7% of the common membership interests of Lazard Group, the Delaware limited liability company that holds our business. The remaining 66.3% of Lazard Group’s common membership interests will be held by LAZ-MD Holdings, a holding company

 

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that will be owned by current and former managing directors of Lazard Group. The Lazard Group common membership interests held by LAZ-MD Holdings will be effectively exchangeable over time on a one-for-one basis for shares of our common stock, as described in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

Lazard Ltd will hold a controlling interest in, and consolidate the financial statements of, Lazard Group. LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership interests in Lazard Group will be accounted for as a minority interest in our consolidated financial results after this offering.

 

Lazard Group distributions will be allocated to holders of Lazard Group common membership interests on a pro rata basis. As we will hold approximately 33.7% of the outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests immediately after this offering, we will receive approximately 33.7% of the aggregate distributions in respect of the Lazard Group common membership interests.

 

Lazard Ltd’s stockholders will experience significant dilution upon the completion of the equity public offering, since Lazard Ltd will use the net proceeds of the equity public offering and the additional financing transactions primarily to recapitalize Lazard Group, which transaction we refer to in this prospectus as the “recapitalization.” As part of the recapitalization, Lazard Group will use the proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions primarily to redeem outstanding membership interests of its historical partners. See “Dilution” and “Use of Proceeds.”

 

Prior to completing the recapitalization, Lazard Group will transfer its capital markets business, which consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, its merchant banking fund management activities other than its existing merchant banking business in France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities, to LFCM Holdings. We refer to these businesses, assets and liabilities as the “separated businesses” and these transfers collectively as the “separation.” For a more detailed description of the separation and the separated businesses, see “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure,” “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Separation.”

 

Except as otherwise expressly noted, this prospectus describes Lazard Group’s business as if the separation were complete for all purposes and for all periods described. The historical consolidated financial data of Lazard Group included in this prospectus, however, reflect the historical results of operations and financial position of Lazard Group, including the separated businesses. In addition to other adjustments, the pro forma financial data included in this prospectus reflect financial data for Lazard Group and Lazard Ltd giving effect to the separation, as well as other adjustments made as a result of this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

Each share of our common stock will entitle its holder to one vote per share. The share of our Class B common stock is intended to allow our managing directors to individually vote in proportion to their indirect economic interests in us. This will be effected by LAZ-MD Holdings, which holds our Class B common stock, entering into a stockholders’ agreement with its members pursuant to which the members individually will be entitled to direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote their proportionate interest in our Class B common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis. This means that if a member held a LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest that was effectively exchangeable for 1,000 shares of our common stock, that member would be entitled to direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote 1,000 votes represented by our Class B common stock. Our Class B common stock will be entitled, on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders of Lazard Ltd, to the number of votes equal to the number of

 

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shares of our common stock that would be issuable if all of the then outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests issued to LAZ-MD Holdings were exchanged for shares of our common stock. We refer to this stockholders’ agreement as the “LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement.” Immediately after this offering, our Class B common stock will have 66.3% of the voting power of our company, which percentage will decrease proportionately as Lazard Group common membership interests are exchanged for shares of our common stock. In order to seek to avoid the possibility that LAZ-MD Holdings would be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the “Investment Company Act,” the voting power of our outstanding Class B common stock will, however, represent no less than 50.1% of the voting power of our company until December 31, 2007. In addition, the board of directors of LAZ-MD Holdings will have the ability to vote the entire voting interest represented by our Class B common stock in its discretion if the LAZ-MD Holdings board of directors determines that it is in the best interests of LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

Our public stockholders, including IXIS and our Chief Executive Officer, who has elected to exchange his historical partner interests for shares of our common stock, initially will hold all of the outstanding shares of our common stock, representing approximately 33.7% of the voting power in Lazard Ltd and 100% of Lazard Ltd’s capital stock on an economic basis. The Class B common stock will not have any economic rights in Lazard Ltd. As noted above, Lazard Ltd will hold approximately 33.7% of the Lazard Group common membership interests immediately after this offering, entitling our company to an equivalent percentage of any distributions made by Lazard Group in respect of its common membership interests. The remaining approximately 66.3% of Lazard Group common membership interests outstanding immediately after this offering will be held by LAZ-MD Holdings, entitling LAZ-MD Holdings to an equivalent percentage of any distributions made by Lazard Group in respect of its common membership interests.

 

The graphic below illustrates our expected pro forma ownership structure immediately following completion of this offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. The graphic below does not display all of the subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group and LAZ-MD Holdings (including those through which Lazard Ltd holds its interests in Lazard Group), all of the minority interests in Lazard Group (including the participatory interests to be granted to managing directors), the equity security units offered pursuant to this prospectus or other securities we expect to issue or grant in connection with the additional financing transactions. The “Public Stockholders” caption on the graphic below includes shares of common stock that will be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement and to our Chief Executive Officer, who has elected to exchange his historical partner interests for shares of our common stock. For a more detailed graphic, we refer you to “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and, for a further discussion of minority interests, to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Financial Measures and Indicators—Minority Interest.”

 

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LOGO

 

The working members will receive, in exchange for their interests in Lazard Group, membership interests in LAZ-MD Holdings, including LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests, in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions. These LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests are effectively exchangeable for shares of our common stock on the eighth anniversary of this offering. In addition, the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by our working members who continue to provide services to us or LFCM Holdings will, subject to certain conditions, generally be effectively exchangeable for shares of our common stock in equal increments on and after each of the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of this offering. LAZ-MD Holdings and certain subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd (which will effect the exchanges), with the consent of the Lazard Ltd board of directors, also have the right to cause the holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests to exchange all such remaining interests during the 30-day period following the ninth anniversary of this offering and under certain other circumstances. Upon full exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock, the Class B common stock would cease to be outstanding, and all of the Lazard Group common membership interests formerly owned by LAZ-MD Holdings would be owned indirectly by Lazard Ltd. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.”

 

In connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, our managing directors who are managing directors of LAM will retain their equity interests and phantom equity rights in LAM, which we refer to in this prospectus as “LAM equity units,” and, accordingly, will not hold any membership interests in LAZ-MD Holdings. For a discussion of the LAM equity units, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation—Key Financial Measures and Indicators—Minority Interest.”

 

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We intend to undertake several transactions concurrently with this offering, including the additional financing transactions, in order to establish this organizational structure and effect the recapitalization of Lazard Group. For more information about these transactions, see “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.” Under the terms of the master separation agreement that we intend to enter into regarding the separation, we may withdraw the proposed transactions, including this offering, without liability at any time prior to the time that this offering is effected. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement” and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Separation.”

 

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations

 

Lazard Ltd is not subject to any Bermuda income or profits tax, withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax. In addition, under current Bermuda law, there is no Bermuda income or profits tax, withholding tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax payable by our stockholders in respect of our common stock.

 

We intend to operate our business so that, with respect to our common shares, each stockholder will generally be required to report on its U.S. federal income tax return only the amount of cash actually distributed to such stockholder. Lazard Ltd, the parent holding company, has made an election to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, each stockholder will be required to report on its income tax return its allocable share of Lazard Ltd’s income, gains, losses and deductions.

 

Because Lazard Ltd is a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, Lazard Ltd itself will not pay any U.S. federal income tax, although Lazard Ltd’s U.S. subsidiaries generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on their share of the income of Lazard Group and its subsidiaries, and Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on the income of Lazard Group and its subsidiaries that is “effectively connected” with their conduct of a trade or business in the U.S.

 

For additional information concerning the material tax consequences of investing in our equity security units, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations.”

 

Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings

 

In addition to LAZ-MD Holdings’ equity and voting interests in Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group as described above in “—Lazard’s Organizational Structure,” we will have ongoing relationships with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries after the separation and this offering, including several agreements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings that are intended to define and regulate Lazard’s ongoing relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings after the separation and this offering. For a further discussion, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings.”

 

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Bermuda Law

 

The Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda, as amended, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “Companies Act,” which applies to Lazard Ltd, differs in certain material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and their stockholders. These differences include:

 

  Ÿ   Voting rights of stockholders.    Under Bermuda law, voting rights of stockholders are regulated by the company’s bye-laws and, in certain circumstances, the Companies Act. While we have generally sought to provide for voting rights that are similar to those of a Delaware corporation, our bye-laws and Bermuda law contain selected provisions that differ from what would require a stockholder vote in a Delaware corporation. For example, at any annual or general meeting of our stockholders, two or more persons present in person and generally representing greater than 50% of the votes are required to form a quorum for the transaction of business. Generally, except as otherwise provided in the bye-laws, any action or resolution requiring approval of the stockholders may be passed by a simple majority of votes cast. Delaware law provides that a majority of the shares entitled to vote constitutes a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. For a Delaware corporation, in matters other than the election of directors, with the exception of special voting requirements related to extraordinary transactions, the affirmative vote of the majority is required for stockholder action, and the affirmative vote of a plurality is required for the election of directors.

 

In Bermuda, mergers and amalgamations (other than between certain affiliated companies) generally require the approval of a company’s board of directors and, unless the company’s bye-laws provide otherwise, the approval of 75% of the stockholders. Our bye-laws provide that a merger or an amalgamation (other than with a wholly-owned subsidiary) approved by our board of directors must be approved by a majority of the combined voting power of all of the shares voting together as a single class. In Delaware, with certain exceptions, a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all the assets of a corporation must be approved by the board of directors and a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon.

 

  Ÿ   The ability of a company to pay dividends.    Under the Companies Act, we may declare or pay a dividend or make a distribution out of distributable reserves only if we have reasonable grounds for believing that we are, or would after the payment be, able to pay our liabilities as they become due and if the realizable value of our assets would thereby not be less than the aggregate of our liabilities and issued share capital and share premium accounts. A Delaware company, subject to any restrictions contained in the company’s certificate of incorporation, may pay dividends out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and for the preceding fiscal year, but the company may not pay dividends out of net profits if, after the payment of the dividend, capital is less than the capital represented by the outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.

 

  Ÿ   Stockholders’ ability to call meetings.    Bermuda law provides that a special general meeting must be called upon the request of stockholders holding not less than 10% of the paid-up share capital of the company carrying the right to vote. Delaware law permits the certificate of incorporation of a Delaware corporation to bar stockholder ability to call a special meeting.

 

  Ÿ   Access to books and records by the general public and stockholders.    Members of the general public have the right to inspect the public documents of a Bermuda company available at the office of the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda. Delaware law permits any stockholder to inspect or obtain copies of a corporation’s stockholder list and its other books and records for any purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder.

 

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  Ÿ   Duties of directors.    Under Bermuda law, the duties of directors and officers of a company are generally owed to the company only. In exercising their powers, directors of a Delaware corporation are charged with a fiduciary duty of care to protect the interests of the corporation and a fiduciary duty of loyalty to act in the best interests of its stockholders.

 

  Ÿ   The scope of indemnification available to directors and officers.    The Companies Act provides that a Bermuda company may indemnify its directors and officers in respect of any loss arising or liability attaching to them as a result of any negligence, default or breach of trust of which they may be guilty in relation to the company in question, but any provision indemnifying a director or officer (other than in an action by or in the right of the corporation) against any liability which would attach to him or her in respect of his or her fraud or dishonesty will be void. Under Delaware law, a corporation may indemnify its director or officer against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding by reason of such position if such director or officer (i) acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and (ii) with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

 

The Bermuda Monetary Authority has classified us as a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes. Accordingly, the Bermuda Monetary Authority does not restrict our ability to engage in transactions in currencies other than Bermuda dollars, to transfer funds in and out of Bermuda or to pay dividends to non-Bermuda residents who are stockholders, other than in Bermuda dollars. We have received consent under the Exchange Control Act 1972 from the Bermuda Monetary Authority for the issue and transfer of the common stock to and between non-residents of Bermuda for exchange control purposes, provided that our shares remain listed on an appointed stock exchange, which includes the New York Stock Exchange, or the “NYSE.” This prospectus will be filed with the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda in accordance with Bermuda law. In granting such consent and in accepting this prospectus for filing, neither the Bermuda Monetary Authority nor the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda accepts any responsibility for our financial soundness or the correctness of any of the statements made or opinions expressed in this prospectus.

 

For more information on the rights under the Companies Act, including where relevant, information on Lazard Ltd’s bye-laws, and a comparison to Delaware corporate law, see “Description of Capital Stock—Delaware Law” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Certain Relationships with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Employees—Director and Officer Indemnification.”

 

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The ESU Offering

 

What are the equity security units?

 

Each equity security unit, which we refer to as a “unit,” will consist of and represent:

 

  (1) a purchase contract pursuant to which:

 

  Ÿ   you will agree to purchase, and Lazard Ltd will agree to sell, for $25, shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock on                 , 2008, which we refer to as the “stock purchase date,” the number of which will be determined based on the trading price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock during a period preceding that date, calculated in the manner described below, and

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd will pay you contract adjustment payments on a quarterly basis at the annual rate of           % of the stated amount of $25, subject to its right to defer such payments, as specified below, and

 

  (2) a 1/40, or 2.5%, ownership interest in a senior note of Lazard Group Finance with a principal amount of $1,000, on which Lazard Group Finance will pay interest at the initial annual rate of           % until a successful remarketing of the senior notes and at the reset rate, which is described below, thereafter. Interest will be payable quarterly in arrears through and including the stock purchase date and, thereafter, semi-annually in arrears.

 

Lazard Ltd will be permitted to assign its rights and obligations under the purchase contracts, including settlement and the making of the contract adjustment payments, to any wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Ltd, but only if, and for so long as, the assignment does not adversely affect the holders of the purchase contracts. Any incremental cost, including tax, that would be imposed on or payable by a holder as a result of an assignment will be considered to be an adverse affect, except to the extent Lazard Ltd or its assignee fully compensates the holders for the cost. Notwithstanding any assignment, Lazard Ltd will remain a primary obligor under the purchase contracts and will satisfy, or cause the assignee to satisfy, the obligations under the purchase contracts.

 

The ownership interests in the senior notes that are a component of your units will be owned by you but initially will be pledged to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit to secure your obligations under the related purchase contracts. We refer in this prospectus to the purchase contracts, together with the pledged ownership interest in the senior notes (or, after a special event redemption, described below, the pledged treasury securities), as “normal units.”

 

Each holder of normal units may elect at any time on or before the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date (subject to certain exceptions) to withdraw from the pledge the pledged ownership interest in the senior notes (or, after a special event redemption, described below, the pledged treasury securities) underlying the normal units, thereby creating what we refer to in this prospectus as “stripped units.” To create stripped units, the holder must substitute, as pledged securities, specifically identified treasury securities that will pay $25 (the amount due under the purchase contract) per unit on the stock purchase date, and the pledged ownership interest in the senior notes or treasury securities will be released from the pledge and delivered to the holder. Holders of stripped units may recreate normal units by re-substituting the senior notes (or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities) for the treasury securities underlying the stripped units on or before the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date.

 

If a special event redemption occurs, as described in this prospectus, the applicable ownership interest in the treasury securities will replace the ownership interest in a senior note as a component of

 

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each unit and will be pledged to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit to secure your obligations under the purchase contract.

 

What are the purchase contracts?

 

The purchase contract underlying a unit obligates you to purchase, and Lazard Ltd to sell, for $25, on the stock purchase date, a number of newly issued shares of common stock equal to the settlement rate described below. The settlement rate will be based on the trading price of Lazard’s common stock during a period preceding that date, calculated in the manner described below.

 

You will not have any voting or other rights with respect to Lazard Ltd’s common stock until you pay the $25 purchase price and acquire the shares of common stock upon settlement of the purchase contracts.

 

What payments will be made to holders of the units and the senior notes?

 

If you hold normal units, Lazard Ltd will pay you quarterly contract adjustment payments on the underlying purchase contracts at the annual rate of           % of the $25 stated amount through and including the stock purchase date, and Lazard Group Finance will pay you quarterly interest payments on the ownership interests in senior notes that are pledged in respect of your normal units at the initial annual rate of           % through but excluding the stock purchase date.

 

If you hold stripped units and do not separately hold senior notes, you will receive only the quarterly contract adjustment payments payable by Lazard Ltd at the annual rate of           % of the $25 stated amount.

 

The contract adjustment payments on normal and stripped units are subject to Lazard Ltd’s deferral right as described below. Lazard Group Finance is not entitled to defer interest payments on any senior notes, whether held as part of, or separately from, the units.

 

If you hold senior notes separately from the units and do not separately hold stripped units, you will receive only the interest payable on the senior notes. The senior notes, whether held separately from or as part of the normal units, will pay interest at the initial annual rate of           % until the settlement date of a successful remarketing, as described below. If the senior notes are successfully remarketed, the rate of interest payable from the settlement date of the successful remarketing until their maturity will be the reset rate, which will be a rate established by the remarketing agent that meets the requirements described in this prospectus. If the remarketing agent cannot establish a reset rate on a remarketing date, the remarketing agent will not reset the interest rate on the senior notes and the interest rate will continue to be the initial annual interest rate of           %.

 

Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance are holding companies with no operations of their own. Lazard Group Finance will own no material assets other than its controlling voting equity interests in Lazard Group and the notes issued by Lazard Group, the terms of which are described below. The Lazard Group notes will be pledged to secure the obligations of Lazard Group Finance under the senior notes. The ability of Lazard Group Finance to pay its obligations under the senior notes depends on its ability to obtain interest and principal payments on the Lazard Group notes. The ability of Lazard Ltd to pay its obligations with respect to the purchase contracts depends on its ability to obtain cash dividends or other cash payments or obtain loans from its subsidiaries, which are separate and distinct legal entities that will have no obligations to pay any dividends or to lend or advance funds to Lazard Ltd and which may be restricted from doing so by other financing arrangements, charter provisions or regulatory requirements.

 

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What are the payment dates?

 

Subject to Lazard Ltd’s deferral right in respect of the contract adjustment payments described below, contract adjustment payments will be made quarterly in arrears on each of                 ,                 ,                  and                 , commencing on                 , 2005 and ending on the stock purchase date. Interest payments on the senior notes initially will be made quarterly in arrears on each of                 ,                 ,                  and                 , commencing on                 , 2005 and, following the stock purchase date, semi-annually in arrears on each of                  and                  until maturity.

 

When can Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance defer payments?

 

Lazard Ltd can defer payment of all or part of the contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts until no later than the stock purchase date. Lazard Ltd will accrue additional contract adjustment payments on any deferred installments of contract adjustment payments at a rate of           % per year until paid, compounded quarterly, to but excluding the stock purchase date, unless your purchase contract has been earlier settled or terminated.

 

Lazard Group Finance is not entitled to defer interest payments on the senior notes.

 

What is the reset rate?

 

To facilitate the remarketing of the senior notes at the remarketing price described below, the remarketing agent will reset the rate of interest on the senior notes, effective from the settlement date of a successful remarketing until their maturity. The reset rate will be the rate sufficient to cause the then-current market value of each outstanding senior note to be equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes.

 

The reset rate will be determined by the remarketing agent during the seven business day period beginning on the ninth business day prior to the stock purchase date and ending on the third business day prior to the stock purchase date.

 

The reset of the interest rate on the senior notes in connection with a successful remarketing will not change the amount of the interest due to holders of normal units on the stock purchase date, which will be at the initial annual rate of           %.

 

The reset rate may not exceed the maximum rate, if any, permitted by applicable law.

 

What is the remarketing?

 

The remarketing agent will attempt to remarket the senior notes of holders of normal units and will use the proceeds to settle the purchase contracts directly on the stock purchase date. Holders of normal units may elect not to participate in any remarketing by following the procedures set forth in the remarketing notice described in this prospectus. This will be one method for holders of normal units to satisfy their obligations to purchase shares of common stock under the related purchase contracts.

 

As described below, a holder of a senior note in which interests are not held as part of normal units may elect to have the separately held senior note remarketed along with the senior notes in which interests are held as part of the normal units.

 

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We will enter into a remarketing agreement with a nationally recognized investment banking firm that will act as remarketing agent. The remarketing agent will agree to use reasonable best efforts to remarket the senior notes that are included in normal units (as well as separately held senior notes) that are participating in the remarketing, at a price per senior note that will result in net cash proceeds equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes. We anticipate that the settlement date of any successful remarketing will be on or before                 , 2008.

 

The remarketing agent will deduct out of the proceeds in excess of the principal amount of the senior notes as a remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the total proceeds from the remarketing.

 

The proceeds of the remarketing of the senior notes of holders of normal units, less the remarketing fee, will be paid directly to Lazard Ltd in settlement of the obligations of those holders to purchase shares of our common stock. The remarketing agent will remit the remaining portion of those proceeds, if any, for payment to the holders of the normal units participating in the remarketing. The proceeds of the remarketing of senior notes not held as part of normal units, less the remarketing fee, will be paid to the holders of such senior notes participating in the remarketing.

 

Upon a remarketing of the senior notes, the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the Lazard Group notes also will be reset on the same terms such that the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the Lazard Group notes are the same as those for the senior notes.

 

A holder of normal units may elect not to participate in any remarketing and, instead, may retain the ownership interests in senior notes underlying those normal units by delivering to the collateral agent, in respect of each senior note to be retained, cash in the amount and on the date specified in the remarketing notice to satisfy its obligations under the related purchase contracts. Whether or not a holder of normal units participates in the remarketing, the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the senior notes that form part of those units nevertheless will be reset if the remarketing is successful.

 

Prior to any remarketing, Lazard Group Finance and Lazard Ltd plan to file and obtain effectiveness of a registration statement if so required under the U.S. federal securities laws in effect at such time.

 

What happens if the remarketing agent does not successfully remarket the senior notes on the remarketing date?

 

If the remarketing agent cannot establish a reset rate meeting the requirements described above on the ninth business day prior to the stock purchase date and, therefore, cannot remarket the senior notes participating in the remarketing at a price per senior note that will result in net cash proceeds equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes, the remarketing agent will attempt to establish a reset rate meeting these requirements on each of the six business days immediately following the initial proposed remarketing date. We refer to this period as the “remarketing period.” The maturity date of the senior notes will be the stock purchase date in the event that the remarketing agent fails to remarket the senior notes participating in the remarketing by the end of the third business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date. On such maturity date, the principal amount of, and any accrued and unpaid interest on, such senior notes shall be due and payable to holders of the senior notes. The proceeds from the repayment of the principal amount of the senior notes that form part of the normal units will be used by the collateral agent to settle the respective stock purchase contracts on the stock purchase date. If there is a failed remarketing, the maturity date of the Lazard Group notes also will be the stock purchase date. If Lazard Group Finance does not satisfy its

 

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obligation to pay the principal amount of the applicable senior notes on the stock purchase date because Lazard Group has not repaid the principal amount of the Lazard Group notes, then the collateral agent will retain such senior notes as collateral and deliver the senior notes to Lazard Ltd, which will exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to the senior notes and, subject to applicable law, may retain the pledged senior notes or sell them in one or more public or private sales to satisfy in full such holder’s obligation to purchase shares of common stock under the related purchase contracts.

 

If I am not a party to a purchase contract, may I still participate in a remarketing of my senior notes?

 

Holders of senior notes in which interests are not included as part of normal units may elect to have their senior notes included in the remarketing in the manner described in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Optional Remarketing.” The remarketing agent will use reasonable best efforts to remarket the separately held senior notes included in the remarketing at a price per senior note that will result in net cash proceeds equal to at least 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes, determined on the same basis as for the other senior notes being remarketed. After deducting as a remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the total proceeds from such remarketing, the remaining portion of the proceeds, if any, will be remitted for payment to the holders whose separate senior notes were remarketed in the remarketing.

 

What is the settlement rate?

 

The settlement rate is the number of newly issued shares of common stock that Lazard Ltd is obligated to sell, and you are obligated to purchase, upon settlement of a purchase contract on the stock purchase date. The number of shares of common stock you will receive will depend on the price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock on each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008. On each of those 20 trading days, a formula will be applied to that day’s closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock, and the results of the 20 days’ calculations will be added to determine the total number of shares of common stock that you will receive on the stock purchase date. Under that formula, the settlement rate for each purchase contract, subject to any then applicable anti-dilution adjustments, will be an amount equal to the sum of:

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is less than or equal to the reference price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/reference price,

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is greater than the reference price but less than the threshold appreciation price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/closing price,

 

and

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is greater than or equal to the threshold appreciation price, a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/threshold appreciation price.

 

The “reference price” is $            , which is the initial public offering price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. The “threshold appreciation price” is $            , which is     % of the reference price.

 

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For a series of diagrams that explain some of the key features of the units, including the settlement rate and the reference price (as defined below), see “The ESU Offering—Explanatory Diagrams” below.

 

At the option of each holder, a purchase contract may be settled early by the early delivery of cash to the purchase contract agent, as described below, in which case the settlement rate will be            shares of common stock per purchase contract, subject to then applicable anti-dilution adjustments, provided that at the time of such early settlement, Lazard Ltd has an effective shelf registration statement covering such shares of common stock (subject to customary black-out periods) unless Lazard Ltd has been advised by counsel that no prospectus is required to be delivered in connection with the sale of the shares of common stock.

 

Besides participating in a remarketing, how else can my obligations under the purchase contract be satisfied?

 

Besides participating in a remarketing, your obligations under the purchase contract also may be satisfied:

 

  Ÿ   if you have created stripped units, by delivering and pledging specified treasury securities in substitution for your senior notes and applying the cash payments received upon maturity of those pledged treasury securities,

 

  Ÿ   through the early delivery of cash to the purchase contract agent on or prior to the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date in the manner described in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Early Settlement,”

 

  Ÿ   by delivering a notice to settle for cash along with the requisite amount of cash on the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date for settlement of the purchase contracts in the manner described in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Notice to Settle with Cash,” or

 

  Ÿ   if Lazard Ltd is involved in a merger, amalgamation, acquisition or consolidation other than with one of its subsidiaries prior to the stock purchase date in which at least 30% of the consideration for the shares of common stock consists of cash or cash equivalents, through an early settlement of the purchase contract as described in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Early Settlement upon Cash Merger.”

 

If a holder of a unit (1) elects not to participate in a remarketing and notifies the purchase contract agent of such election but does not so deliver the requisite amount of cash or (2) does not notify the purchase contract agent of its intention to make a cash settlement and, in either case, does not otherwise opt out of participation in the remarketing, the holder will be deemed to have elected to participate in the remarketing.

 

In addition, the purchase contracts, Lazard Ltd’s related rights and obligations and those of the holders of the units, including their rights to receive accumulated contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments and obligations to purchase shares of common stock, will terminate automatically in accordance with their terms upon the occurrence of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance. Upon such a termination of the purchase contracts, the pledged senior notes or treasury securities will be released and distributed to you. If Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance becomes the subject of a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, a delay may occur as a result of the imposition of an automatic stay under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and continue until the automatic stay has been lifted. The automatic stay will not be lifted until such time as the bankruptcy judge agrees to lift it and allows your collateral to be returned

 

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to you. Similarly, if Lazard Ltd becomes the subject of winding up proceedings under the Companies Act, a delay may result from the automatic stay of proceedings against Lazard Ltd and may continue until the court decides to lift the stay.

 

If the purchase contract is settled early or is terminated as the result of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization as described above, a holder will have no further right to receive any contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments, and, except in the case of specified early settlements, you will not receive any accrued and unpaid contract adjustment payments.

 

Under what circumstances may Lazard Group Finance redeem the senior notes before they mature?

 

If the tax laws change or are interpreted by the tax authorities or the courts in a way that adversely affects the tax consequences of Lazard Group (as deemed issuer of the senior notes for U.S. federal income tax purposes) with respect to the senior notes or if the accounting rules change in a way that adversely affects our accounting treatment of the purchase contracts or the units, then Lazard Group Finance may elect to redeem the senior notes. If the senior notes are redeemed before a successful remarketing, the money received from the redemption will be used by the collateral agent to purchase a portfolio of zero coupon U.S. treasury securities that mature on or prior to each payment date of the senior notes through the stock purchase date, in an aggregate amount equal to the principal on the senior notes included in normal units and the interest that would have been due on such payment date on the senior notes included in normal units. For a holder of normal units, these treasury securities will replace the senior notes as the collateral securing such holder’s obligations to purchase shares of common stock under the purchase contracts. If your senior notes are not components of normal units, you, rather than the collateral agent, will receive the related redemption payment. If the senior notes are redeemed, each normal unit will consist of a purchase contract for shares of common stock and an ownership interest in the portfolio of treasury securities.

 

What is the maturity of the senior notes?

 

The senior notes will mature (a) in the event of a successful remarketing, as described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” on any date no earlier than                 , 2010 and no later than                 , 2035, as we may elect, (b) in the event of a failed remarketing, as described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” on the stock purchase date, and (c) otherwise on                 , 2035.

 

What are the terms of the Lazard Group notes?

 

Lazard Group Finance will use the proceeds from this offering to purchase senior, unsecured notes from Lazard Group. The Lazard Group notes will be pledged to secure the obligations of Lazard Group Finance under the senior notes. The Lazard Group notes will have the following terms and conditions:

 

  Ÿ   the aggregate principal amount of the Lazard Group notes will be equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will accrue interest at a rate equivalent to the interest rate applicable from time to time on the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will mature on the same date as the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will be a senior, unsecured obligation of Lazard Group, ranking pari passu with all other senior, unsecured indebtedness of Lazard Group, and

 

  Ÿ   the notes will be issued in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.

 

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As noted above, the Lazard Group notes will be a senior, unsecured obligation of Lazard Group. The senior notes and the Lazard Group notes, however, will rank effectively junior to the indebtedness of any subsidiary of Lazard Group with respect to the assets of such subsidiary. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma basis, there was approximately $1.7 billion of liabilities and other obligations, including certain minority interests (other than intercompany liabilities and obligations), of subsidiaries of Lazard Group that would have ranked senior to the senior notes and the Lazard Group notes as a result of this structural subordination. The senior notes and the Lazard Group notes do not limit the ability of Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group or any of their respective subsidiaries to incur indebtedness.

 

What are the U.S. federal income tax consequences related to the equity security units and senior notes?

 

If you purchase equity security units in this offering, you will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having acquired purchase contracts and ownership interests in the senior notes constituting those equity security units, and by purchasing the equity security units you agree to treat the purchase contracts and ownership interests in the senior notes in that manner for all U.S. federal income tax purposes. In addition, you agree to treat the senior notes as indebtedness of Lazard Group for all U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

You must allocate the purchase price of each equity security unit between the purchase contract and the ownership interest in the senior note in proportion to their respective fair market values, which will establish your initial tax basis in each component of the equity security unit. We expect to report the fair market value of each purchase contract as $0 and the fair market value of each senior note as $1,000 (or $25 for each 2.5% ownership interest in a senior note included in a normal unit).

 

You are urged to consult your tax advisor concerning the tax consequences of an investment in our normal units. For additional information, see “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations.”

 

What are the ERISA considerations?

 

Plans subject to Title I of the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or “ERISA,” or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the “Code,” may invest in the equity security units subject to the considerations set forth in “ERISA Considerations.”

 

Will the equity security units be listed on a stock exchange?

 

We have been approved for listing of the normal units on the NYSE under the symbol “LDZ”. We have no obligation and do not currently intend to apply for any separate listing of either the stripped units or the senior notes on any stock exchange.

 

What are the expected uses of proceeds from the offerings?

 

We estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $241 million, or $278 million if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional equity security units is exercised in full. Lazard Group Finance will use the net proceeds from this offering to purchase the Lazard Group notes, the terms of which are described above.

 

At the initial public offering price of $26.00 per share of common stock (the midpoint of the range of initial public offering prices set forth on the cover page of the prospectus for the equity public offering), we estimate that the net proceeds from the equity public offering will be between

 

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approximately $730 million (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock) and $843 million (assuming full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock). The net proceeds from this offering, the equity public offering, the debt offering and the IXIS investment agreement will be used by Lazard Group primarily to redeem membership interests held by the historical partners for an aggregate redemption price of approximately $1.6 billion, as described in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.” Also see “Use of Proceeds” for additional details regarding the use of proceeds from this offering, the equity public offering, the debt offering and the IXIS investment agreement.

 

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The ESU Offering—Explanatory Diagrams

 

The following diagrams demonstrate some of the key features of the purchase contracts, normal units, stripped units and senior notes, and the transformation of normal units into stripped units and senior notes. The following diagrams assume that the senior notes are successfully remarketed, the interest rate on the senior notes is reset, there is no early settlement and the payment of contract adjustment payments is not deferred.

 

Purchase Contracts

 

  Ÿ   Normal units and stripped units both include a purchase contract under which you agree to purchase shares of common stock on the stock purchase date.

 

  Ÿ   The number of shares of common stock to be purchased under each purchase contract will depend on a formula applied to the closing price of our common stock on each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008.

 

  Ÿ   The following charts are intended to illustrate (1) the value of the shares of common stock to be delivered upon settlement of the purchase contracts on the stock purchase date in relation to the market price of the common stock and (2) the number of shares of common stock a holder of units will receive on the stock purchase date.

 

LOGO


(1) For each of the percentage categories shown, the percentage of the shares of common stock to be delivered on the stock purchase date to a holder of normal units or stripped units is determined as indicated in (2), (3) and (4) below.
(2) If on each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008, the closing price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock is less than or equal to the reference price, the number of shares of common stock to be delivered will be a fraction of one share of common stock per purchase contract equal to the stated amount of $25 divided by the reference price, regardless of the market price of such shares, resulting in an investor realizing the entire loss on the decline in market value of the common stock.
(3) If on any of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008, the closing price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock is between the reference price and the threshold appreciation price, the number of shares of common stock to be delivered will be a fraction of one share of common stock per purchase contract that is between the fractions referred to in (2) above and (4) below. The calculation of this fraction is set forth in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Description of the Purchase Contracts.”
(4) If on each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008, the closing price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock is greater than or equal to the threshold appreciation price, the number of shares of common stock to be delivered will be a fraction of one share of common stock per purchase contract equal to the stated amount of $25 divided by the threshold appreciation price, resulting in an investor receiving only the appreciation in market value above the threshold appreciation price.

 

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Normal Units

 

  Ÿ   A normal unit will consist of two components as illustrated below:

 

LOGO

 

  Ÿ   After a special event redemption, the normal units will include specified treasury securities in lieu of the senior notes.

 

  Ÿ   If you hold a normal unit, you will hold an ownership interest in a senior note and, after a special event redemption, an ownership interest in specified treasury securities but will pledge that interest to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit to secure your obligations under the purchase contract.

 

  Ÿ   If you hold a normal unit, you may also substitute the requisite amount of cash for your ownership interest in a senior note if you decide not to participate in the remarketing.

 

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Stripped Units

 

  Ÿ   A stripped unit consists of two components as illustrated below:

 

LOGO

 

  Ÿ   If you hold a stripped unit, you own a 1/40, or 2.5%, interest in the treasury security but will pledge it to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit to secure your obligations under the purchase contract. The treasury security is a zero coupon U.S. treasury security (CUSIP No.                 ) that matures on                 , 2008.

 

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Senior Notes

 

  Ÿ   Senior notes will have the terms illustrated below:

 

LOGO

 

  Ÿ   If you hold an ownership interest in a senior note that is a component of a normal unit, you have the option to either:

 

    allow the ownership interest in the senior note to be included in the remarketing process, the proceeds of which will be applied to settle the purchase contract, or

 

    elect not to participate in the remarketing by delivering the requisite amount of cash to be applied to settle the related purchase contract.

 

  Ÿ   If you hold a senior note that is not a component of a normal unit, you have the option to either:

 

    continue to hold the senior note the interest rate on which will be reset, effective from the settlement date of a successful remarketing of the senior notes, or

 

    allow the ownership interest in the senior note to be included in the remarketing process, the proceeds of which will be remitted to you.

 

 

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Transforming Normal Units into Stripped Units and Senior Notes

 

  Ÿ   To create stripped units, you must substitute for the pledged ownership interest in the senior note (or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities) the specified zero coupon U.S. treasury security that matures on                 , 2008.

 

  Ÿ   The pledged senior note or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities will be released from the pledge and delivered to you.

 

  Ÿ   The zero coupon U.S. treasury security together with the purchase contract would then constitute a stripped unit. The senior note (or, after a special event redemption, treasury securities), which was previously a component of normal units, would become a separate security.

 

  Ÿ   The transformation of normal units into stripped units and senior notes and the transformation of stripped units and senior notes into normal units generally may be effected only in integral multiples of 40 units, as more fully described in this prospectus. If, however, the senior notes constituting a part of the normal units have been replaced with treasury securities due to a special event redemption, the transformation of normal units into stripped units and the recreation of normal units from stripped units may be effected only in integral multiples of units such that both the treasury securities to be deposited and the treasury securities to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000, as more fully described in this prospectus.

 

The following illustration depicts the transformation of 40 normal units into 40 stripped units and one $1,000 principal amount senior note.

 

LOGO

 

  Ÿ   After a special event redemption, the normal units will include ownership interests in specified U.S. treasury securities in lieu of an ownership interest in senior notes.

 

  Ÿ   You also can transform stripped units and senior notes (or, after a special event redemption, treasury securities) into normal units. Following that transformation, the specified zero coupon U.S. treasury security, which was previously a component of the stripped units, would become a separate security.

 

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Summary Consolidated Financial Data

 

The following table sets forth the historical summary consolidated income statement data for Lazard Group, including the separated businesses, for all periods presented. The table also presents certain pro forma consolidated financial data for Lazard Group and Lazard Ltd.

 

The historical financial statements do not reflect what our results of operations and financial position would have been had we been a stand-alone, public company for the periods presented. Specifically, our historical results of operations do not give effect to the matters set forth below.

 

  Ÿ   The separation, which is described in more detail in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors, which, as a result of Lazard Group operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as employee compensation and benefits expense. As a result, Lazard Group’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors to us in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since Lazard Group has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Lazard Group’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., Lazard Group historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to the New York City Unincorporated Business Tax, or “UBT,” attributable to Lazard Group’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

  Ÿ   Minority interest expense reflecting LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of approximately 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests outstanding immediately after this offering and the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The use of proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The net incremental expense related to this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

The unaudited pro forma data set forth below are derived from the unaudited pro forma condensed financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The data reflect the separation and recapitalization transactions and the completion of this offering and the additional financing transactions as if they had occurred as of January 1, 2004, and are included for informational purposes only and do not purport to represent what our results of operations would actually have been had we operated as a separate, independent company during the period presented, nor does the pro forma data give effect to any events other than those discussed above and in the related notes. As a result, the pro forma operating results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any future period. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The historical consolidated statement of income data for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 have been derived from Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The audited

 

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consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001 are not included in this prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.

 

The summary consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” and Lazard Group’s historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. See also “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

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Summary Consolidated Financial Data

 

    For the Year Ended December 31,

   

For the Year Ended

December 31, 2004,

Pro Forma


 
    2000

  2001

    2002

  2003

  2004

    Lazard Group

    Lazard Ltd

 
    ($ in thousands, except per share data)  

Historical and Pro Forma

Consolidated Statement of Income Data

                                                 

Net Revenue:

                                                 

Financial Advisory (a)

  $ 766,856   $ 551,356     $ 532,896   $ 690,967   $ 655,200     $ 655,200     $ 655,200  

Asset Management (b)

    457,124     410,237       454,683     350,348     417,166       417,166       417,166  

Corporate (c)

    32,817     (14,291 )     4,391     6,535     13,839       (37,790 )     (37,790 )

Capital Markets and Other

    296,003     224,753       174,309     135,534     188,100       —         —    
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


Net Revenue (d)

    1,552,800     1,172,055       1,166,279     1,183,384     1,274,305       1,034,576 (f)     1,034,576 (f)

Employee Compensation and Benefits

    570,064     524,417       469,037     481,212     573,779       637,050       637,050  

Other Operating Expenses

    306,339     288,676       321,197     312,818     342,764       259,323       259,323  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


Total Operating Expenses

    876,403     813,093       790,234     794,030     916,543       896,373       896,373  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


Operating Income

    676,397     358,962       376,045     389,354     357,762       138,203 (g)     138,203 (g)

Income Allocable to Members Before Extraordinary Item

    558,708     305,777       297,447     250,383     241,467       104,568          

Net Income Allocable to Members

    558,708     305,777       297,447     250,383     246,974 (e)     104,568 (h)        
                                                   

Net Income

                                              29,535 (i)
                                                   

Pro Forma Basic Net Income Per Share (j)

                                              $0.88  

Pro Forma Diluted Net Income Per Share (j)

                                              $0.88  

Pro Forma Basic Weighted Average Common Shares (j)

                                              33,653,846  

Pro Forma Diluted Weighted Average Common Shares (j)

                                              100,000,000  
                                                   

Other Lazard Group Historical Data

                                                 

Dollar Value of Mergers and Acquisitions
(“M&A”) Deals Completed ($ in millions) (k)

  $ 383,061   $ 154,848     $ 86,512   $ 187,426   $ 187,144                  

Number of M&A Deals Completed Greater than $1 Billion (l)

    47     29       21     29     30                  

Assets Under Management ($ in millions):

                                                 

Ending

  $ 79,510   $ 73,108     $ 63,685   $ 78,371   $ 86,435                  

Average (m)

    81,147     75,705       68,356     66,321     80,261                  

Managing Director Headcount
(as of the end of each period):

                                                 

Financial Advisory

    100     88       103     118     131                  

Asset Management

    15     19       19     24     35                  

Corporate (including limited managing directors)

    12     18       18     18     19                  

Capital Markets and Other

    20     20       20     22     22                  
   

 


 

 

 


               

        Total

    147     145       160     182     207                  
   

 


 

 

 


               

                                                 
Notes ($ in thousands):                                                  

(a) Financial Advisory net revenue consists of the following:

                                           
    For the Year Ended December 31,

   

For the Year Ended
December 31, 2004

Pro Forma


 
    2000

  2001

    2002

  2003

  2004

    Lazard Group

    Lazard Ltd

 

M&A

  $ 724,550   $ 492,083     $ 393,082   $ 419,967   $ 481,726     $ 481,726     $ 481,726  

Financial Restructuring

    34,100     55,200       124,800     244,600     96,100       96,100       96,100  

Other Financial Advisory

    8,206     4,073       15,014     26,400     77,374       77,374       77,374  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


Financial Advisory Net Revenue

  $ 766,856   $ 551,356     $ 532,896   $ 690,967   $ 655,200     $ 655,200     $ 655,200  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


 

(b) Asset Management net revenue consists of the following:

 

                                   
    For the Year Ended December 31,

   

For the Year Ended
December 31, 2004

Pro Forma


 
    2000

  2001

    2002

  2003

  2004

    Lazard Group

    Lazard Ltd

 

Management and Other Fees

  $ 405,124   $ 386,237     $ 381,256   $ 312,123   $ 389,812     $ 389,812     $ 389,812  

Incentive Fees

    52,000     24,000       73,427     38,225     27,354       27,354       27,354  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


Asset Management Net Revenue

  $ 457,124   $ 410,237     $ 454,683   $ 350,348   $ 417,166     $ 417,166     $ 417,166  
   

 


 

 

 


 


 


 

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(c) “Corporate” includes interest income (net of interest expense), investment income from certain long-term investments and net money market revenue earned by Lazard Frères Banque SA, which we refer to in this prospectus as “LFB.”
(d) Net revenue is presented after reductions for dividends relating to Lazard Group’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock issued in March 2001. Preferred dividends are reflected in corporate net revenue and amounted to $6,312, $8,000, $8,000, and $8,000 in the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. With respect to the pro forma data for the year ended December 31, 2004, preferred dividends have been eliminated as the mandatorily redeemable preferred stock will be redeemed with the net proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions.
(e) Net income allocable to members for the year ended December 31, 2004 is shown after an extraordinary gain of approximately $5,507 related to the January 2004 acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon.
(f) Represents net revenue after giving effect to the separation and recapitalization and the net incremental interest expense related to this offering and the additional financing transactions. Net incremental interest expense amounts are estimated to be $51,629, the details of which are set forth below:
    

Principal

Amount


  

Assumed

Interest

Rate


   

Increase

(Decrease)

in Interest

Expense


 

Addition of new interest expense:

                     

Lazard Group senior notes

   $ 650,000    6.25 %   $ 40,625  

Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying equity security units

     400,000    5.18 %     20,720  

Accretion on the estimated present value of contract adjustment payments on the forward purchase contracts sold

                  775  

Amortization of an estimated $9,862 of capitalized debt issuance costs

                  1,274  
                 


Sub-total

                  63,394  

Reduction of existing interest expense:

                     

Senior Notes due 2011

     50,000    7.53 %     (3,765 )

Mandatory redeemable preferred stock

     100,000    8.00 %     (8,000 )
                 


Sub-total

                  (11,765 )
                 


Net incremental interest expense

                $ 51,629  
                 


(g) Represents operating income after giving effect to the separation and recapitalization, including the pro forma adjustments related to this offering and the additional financing transactions and to employee compensation and benefits expense. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information.”
(h) Represents Lazard Group net income after giving effect to the adjustments described in notes (f) and (g) above and a provision for estimated income taxes related thereto at the estimated effective tax rate for the applicable period. Lazard Group operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Lazard Group’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., Lazard Group historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to UBT attributable to Lazard Group’s operations apportioned to New York City.
(i) Represents Lazard Ltd’s consolidated net income after giving effect to the adjustments described in notes (f), (g) and (h) above and after minority interest expense, which will be recorded to reflect LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of Lazard Group common membership interests. Lazard Ltd’s consolidated net income also includes an adjustment to income taxes based on an estimated pro forma effective tax rate. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—In the event of a change or adverse interpretation of relevant income tax law, regulation or treaty, or a failure to qualify for treaty benefits, our overall tax rate may be substantially higher than the rate used for purposes of our pro forma financial statements.”
(j) Calculated after giving effect to the adjustments as described in note (i) above. For purposes of presentation of basic net income per share, the weighted average shares outstanding reflects 33,653,846 shares of our common stock that will be outstanding immediately following this offering and excludes 4,569,686 shares issuable upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. For purposes of presentation of diluted net income per share, LAZ-MD Holdings’ exchangeable interests are included on an as-if-exchanged basis. Shares issuable with respect to the exercise of the purchase contracts associated with the equity security units offered in this offering and pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement are not included because, under the treasury stock method of accounting, such securities currently are not dilutive.
(k) Source: Thomson Financial. Represents the U.S. dollar value of completed transactions globally in which Lazard Group acted as an advisor to a party to the transaction. The types of transactions included by Thomson are global M&A, partial company sales, asset sales, joint ventures, spin-offs and restructuring assignments in which a change in control occurs. The value of a completed transaction is equal to the consideration paid for the equity of the target plus net debt assumed (net debt equals the liabilities assumed less cash held by the target).
(l) Source: Thomson Financial. Represents the number of completed M&A transactions globally in which Lazard Group acted as an advisor to a party to the transaction and in which the value of the transaction was greater than $1 billion.
(m) Calculated using the average of quarter-end AUM balances during the respective period.

 

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Recent Developments

 

During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in our Mergers and Acquisitions practice increased by 64% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004. This reflects an improvement relative to the 28% growth in Mergers and Acquisitions net revenue we realized during the fourth quarter of 2004 in comparison to the fourth quarter of 2003, and relative to the 15% growth in net revenue we realized for the full year 2004 in comparison to 2003. Net revenue in a particular quarter may not be indicative, however, of future results. During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in our Financial Restructuring practice increased 36% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004, relative to a 61% decrease in Financial Restructuring net revenue for the full year 2004 in comparison to 2003. During the first quarter of 2005, we have represented, among others, MCI in its evaluation of strategic alternatives, SunGard Data Systems Inc. in its sale to various private equity firms and Tower Automotive, Inc. on its Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization.

 

In our Asset Management business, our average AUM for the first quarter of 2005 was $86 billion, representing a 7% increase in comparison to the average AUM of $80 billion during 2004. In the first quarter of 2005 our management fee net revenue increased by 6% as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2004. Including incentive fees earned in the first quarter of 2005, our Asset Management net revenue increased 10% as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2004.

 

The revenue data for the first quarter of 2005 set forth above is preliminary in nature and actual revenue for such quarter may be different. Our actual results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 will be included in a subsequent filing by us with the SEC.

 

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Glossary

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms:

 

  Ÿ   “historical partners” refers to two general classes of members of Lazard Group, which consist of Eurazeo S.A., descendants and relations of our founders, several historical partners of our predecessor entities, several current and former managing directors and the other members of these classes,

 

  Ÿ   “LAZ-MD Holdings” refers to LAZ-MD Holdings LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company that after the completion of the transactions described in this prospectus will hold equity interests in Lazard Group and the Class B common stock of Lazard Ltd,

 

  Ÿ   “LFCM Holdings” refers to LFCM Holdings LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company that will hold the businesses to be separated from Lazard Group in connection with this offering as described in this prospectus,

 

  Ÿ   “managing directors” refers to our managing directors and the managing directors of the businesses to be separated from Lazard Group in connection with this offering as described in this prospectus,

 

  Ÿ   “net revenue from continuing operations” means our historical net revenue excluding the net revenue of the businesses to be separated from Lazard Group in connection with this offering as described in this prospectus,

 

  Ÿ   “operating revenue” means our consolidated total revenue less (1) total revenue attributable to the separated businesses and (2) interest expense related to Lazard Frères Banque, SA, our Paris-based banking affiliate,

 

  Ÿ   “our business” refers to all of the businesses, subsidiaries, assets and liabilities of Lazard Group after giving effect to the completion of the transactions described in this prospectus, and

 

  Ÿ   “working members” refers to the two classes of members of Lazard Group that consists of current and former managing directors.

 

We report our financial statements in U.S. dollars and prepare our financial statements, including all of the financial statements included in this prospectus, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S., or “U.S. GAAP.” We have adopted a fiscal year end of December 31. In this prospectus, except where otherwise indicated, references to “$” or “dollars” are to the lawful currency of the U.S.

 

The Lazard logo and the other trademarks, trade names and service marks of Lazard mentioned in this prospectus, including Lazard®, are the property of, and are used with the permission of, Lazard Group and its subsidiaries.

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

You should carefully consider the following risks and all of the other information set forth in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, before deciding to purchase our equity security units offered by this prospectus. The risk factors set forth below primarily relate to the business of Lazard Group. These risks also affect Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance because, after the completion of this offering, neither Lazard Ltd nor Lazard Group Finance will have any material assets other than, in the case of Lazard Ltd, direct and indirect ownership of approximately 66.3% of the common membership interests in Lazard Group and its controlling interest in Lazard Group, through Lazard Group Finance, and, in the case of Lazard Group Finance, the Lazard Group notes it will acquire with the proceeds of this offering and its controlling interest in Lazard Group. The following risks comprise material risks of which we are aware. If any of the events or developments described below actually occurred, our business, financial condition or results of operations would likely suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock and, in turn, the trading price of our equity security units, would likely decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment in our equity security units.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

Our ability to retain our managing directors and other key professional employees is critical to the success of our business, including maintaining compensation levels at an appropriate level of costs, and failure to do so may materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

 

Our people are our most important resource. We must retain the services of our managing directors and other key professional employees, and strategically recruit and hire new talented employees, to obtain and successfully execute the advisory and asset management engagements that generate substantially all our revenue.

 

Lazard Group has experienced several significant events in recent years, including our unification under one global firm, the transition to new senior management and our pending transformation from a private to a public company, and our industry in general continues to experience change and competitive pressures for retaining top talent, each of which makes it more difficult for us to retain professionals. If any of our managing directors and other key professional employees were to join an existing competitor or form a competing company or otherwise leave us, some of our clients could choose to use the services of that competitor or some other competitor instead of our services. The employment arrangements, non-competition agreements and retention agreements we have entered into or intend to enter into with our managing directors and other key professional employees and restrictive covenants applicable to our LAM managing directors may not prevent our managing directors and other key professional employees from resigning from practice or competing against us. See “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors.” As part of our transformation to a public company, we may face additional retention pressures as a result of reductions in payments for services rendered by our managing directors. As a result, we may not be able to retain these employees and, even if we can, we may not be able to retain them at compensation levels that will allow us to achieve our target ratio of compensation expense-to-operating revenue. In addition, any such arrangements and agreements will have a limited duration and will expire after a certain period of time.

 

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Difficult market conditions can adversely affect our business in many ways, including by reducing the volume of the transactions involving our Financial Advisory business and reducing the value or performance of the assets we manage in our Asset Management business, which, in each case, could materially reduce our revenue or income and adversely affect our financial position.

 

As a financial services firm, our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world. For example, revenue generated by our Financial Advisory business is directly related to the volume and value of the transactions in which we are involved. During periods of unfavorable market or economic conditions, the volume and value of mergers and acquisitions transactions may decrease, thereby reducing the demand for our Financial Advisory services and increasing price competition among financial services companies seeking such engagements. Our results of operations would be adversely affected by any such reduction in the volume or value of mergers and acquisitions transactions. In addition, our profitability would be adversely affected by our fixed costs and the possibility that we would be unable to scale back other costs within a time frame sufficient to match any decreases in revenue relating to changes in market and economic conditions. The future market and economic climate may deteriorate because of many factors, including rising interest rates or inflation, terrorism or political uncertainty.

 

Within our Financial Advisory business, we have typically seen that, during periods of economic strength and growth, our Mergers and Acquisitions practice historically has been more active and our Financial Restructuring practice has been less active. Conversely, during periods of economic weakness and slowdown, we typically have seen that our Financial Restructuring practice has been more active and our Mergers and Acquisitions practice has been less active. As a result, our revenue from our Financial Restructuring practice has tended to correlate negatively to our revenue from our Mergers and Acquisitions practice over the course of business cycles. These trends are cyclical in nature and subject to periodic reversal. For example, for the year ended December 31, 2004, Financial Restructuring net revenue was down 61% versus 2003, while Mergers and Acquisitions net revenue was up 15% versus 2003. However, these trends do not cancel out the impact of economic conditions in our Financial Advisory business, which may be adversely affected by a downturn in economic conditions leading to decreased Mergers and Acquisitions practice activity, notwithstanding improvements in our Financial Restructuring practice. Moreover, revenue improvements in our Financial Advisory practice in strong economic conditions could be offset in whole or in part by any related revenue declines in our Financial Restructuring practice. While we generally have experienced a counter-cyclical relationship between our Mergers and Acquisitions practice and our Financial Restructuring practice, this relationship may not continue in the future.

 

Our Asset Management business also would be expected to generate lower revenue in a market or general economic downturn. Under our Asset Management business’ arrangements, investment advisory fees we receive typically are based on the market value of AUM. Accordingly, a decline in the prices of securities would be expected to cause our revenue and income to decline by:

 

  Ÿ   causing the value of our AUM to decrease, which would result in lower investment advisory fees,

 

  Ÿ   causing negative absolute performance returns for some accounts which have performance-based incentive fees, resulting in a reduction of revenue from such fees, or

 

  Ÿ   causing some of our clients to withdraw funds from our Asset Management business in favor of investments they perceive as offering greater opportunity or lower risk, which also would result in lower investment advisory fees.

 

If our Asset Management revenue declines without a commensurate reduction in our expenses, our net income will be reduced. In addition, in the event of a market downturn, our merchant banking practice also may be impacted by reduced exit opportunities in which to realize the value of its investments.

 

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A majority of our revenue is derived from Financial Advisory fees, which are not long-term contracted sources of revenue and are subject to intense competition, and declines in our Financial Advisory engagements could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

We historically have earned a substantial portion of our revenue from advisory fees paid to us by our Financial Advisory clients, which fees usually are payable upon the successful completion of a particular transaction or restructuring. In 2004, Financial Advisory services accounted for 60% of our net revenue from continuing operations. We expect that we will continue to rely on Financial Advisory fees for a substantial portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future, and a decline in our advisory engagements or the market for advisory services would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

In addition, we operate in a highly competitive environment where typically there are no long-term contracted sources of revenue. Each revenue-generating engagement typically is separately awarded and negotiated. In addition, many businesses do not routinely engage in transactions requiring our services, and, as a consequence, our fee paying engagements with many clients are not likely to be predictable. We also lose clients each year as a result of the sale or merger of a client, a change in a client’s senior management, competition from other financial advisors and financial institutions and other causes. As a result, our engagements with clients are constantly changing, and our Financial Advisory fees could decline quickly due to the factors discussed above.

 

There will not be a consistent pattern in our financial results from period to period, which may make it difficult for us to achieve steady earnings growth on a quarterly basis and may cause the price of our common stock and, in turn, our equity security units, to decline.

 

We experience significant fluctuations in revenue and profits. These fluctuations generally can be attributed to the fact that we earn a significant portion of our Financial Advisory revenue upon the successful completion of a merger or acquisition transaction or a restructuring, the timing of which is uncertain and is not subject to our control. In addition, our Asset Management revenue is particularly sensitive to fluctuations in our AUM. Asset Management fees are often based on AUM as of the end of a quarter or month. As a result, a reduction in assets at the end of a quarter or month (as a result of market depreciation, withdrawals or otherwise) will result in a decrease in management fees. As a result of quarterly fluctuations, it may be difficult for us to achieve steady earnings growth on a quarterly basis, which could, in turn, lead to large adverse movements in the price of our common stock or increased volatility in our stock price generally and, in turn, cause the value of our equity security units to decline.

 

In many cases, we are paid for advisory engagements only upon the successful consummation of the underlying merger or acquisition transaction or restructuring. As a result, our Financial Advisory business is highly dependent on market conditions and the decisions and actions of our clients, interested third parties and governmental authorities. For example, a client could delay or terminate an acquisition transaction because of a failure to agree upon final terms with the counterparty, failure to obtain necessary regulatory consents or board of directors or stockholder approvals, failure to secure necessary financing, adverse market conditions or because the target’s business is experiencing unexpected operating or financial problems. Anticipated bidders for assets of a client during a restructuring transaction may not materialize or our client may not be able to restructure its operations or indebtedness due to a failure to reach agreement with its principal creditors. In these circumstances, we often do not receive any advisory fees other than the reimbursement of certain out-of-pocket expenses despite the fact that we devote resources to these transactions. Accordingly, the failure of one or more transactions to close either as anticipated or at all could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. For more information, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

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If the number of debt defaults, bankruptcies or other factors affecting demand for our Financial Restructuring services declines, or we lose business to certain new entrants to the financial restructuring advisory practice who are no longer precluded from offering such services due to anticipated changes to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, our Financial Restructuring practice’s revenue could suffer.

 

We provide various financial restructuring and restructuring-related advice to companies in financial distress or to their creditors or other stakeholders. During 2002 and 2003, we generated a significant part of our Financial Advisory revenue from fees from financial restructuring-related services. A number of factors affect demand for these advisory services, including general economic conditions, the availability and cost of debt and equity financing and changes to laws, rules and regulations, including deregulation or privatization of particular industries and those that protect creditors.

 

We expect that the requirement of Section 327 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code requiring that one be a “disinterested person” to be employed in a restructuring will be modified in the near future. While the “disinterested person” definition of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, as currently in effect, disqualifies certain of our competitors, it historically has not often disqualified us from obtaining a role in a restructuring because we have not been a significant underwriter of securities. A change to the “disinterested person” definition causing a person not to be disqualified by means of its status as an underwriter of securities could allow for more financial services firms to compete for restructuring engagements as well as with respect to the recruitment and retention of professionals. If our competitors succeed in being retained in new restructuring engagements, our Financial Restructuring practice, and thereby our results of operations, could be materially adversely affected.

 

We could lose clients and suffer a decline in our Asset Management revenue and earnings if the investments we choose in our Asset Management business perform poorly or if we lose key employees, regardless of overall trends in the prices of securities.

 

Investment performance affects our AUM relating to existing clients and is one of the most important factors in retaining clients and competing for new Asset Management business. Poor investment performance could impair our revenue and growth because:

 

  Ÿ   existing clients might withdraw funds from our Asset Management business in favor of better performing products, which would result in lower investment advisory fees,

 

  Ÿ   our incentive fees, which provide us with a set percentage of returns on some alternative investment and merchant banking funds and other accounts, would decline,

 

  Ÿ   third-party financial intermediaries, advisors or consultants may rate our products poorly, which may result in client withdrawals and reduced asset flows from these third parties or their clients, or

 

  Ÿ   firms with which we have strategic alliances may terminate such relationships with us, and future strategic alliances may be unavailable.

 

If key employees were to leave our Asset Management business, whether to join a competitor or otherwise, we may suffer a decline in revenue or earnings and suffer an adverse effect on our financial position. For example, in 2003, we experienced a net outflow in alternative investments AUM of approximately $2.7 billion, mostly due to the departure of a fund manager and related team members in our hedge fund products group. This also resulted in a significant reduction in both management and performance fees. Loss of key employees may occur due to perceived opportunity for promotion, increased compensation, work environment or other individual reasons, some of which may be beyond our control.

 

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Our investment style in our Asset Management business may underperform other investment approaches, which may result in significant client or asset departures or a reduction in AUM.

 

Even when securities prices are rising generally, performance can be affected by investment style. Many of the equity investment strategies in our Asset Management business share a common investment orientation towards fundamental security selection. We believe this style tends to outperform the market in some market environments and underperform it in others. In particular, a prolonged growth environment may cause our investment strategy to go out of favor with some clients, consultants or third-party intermediaries. In combination with poor performance relative to peers, changes in personnel, extensive periods in particular market environments or other difficulties, this may result in significant client or asset departures or a reduction in AUM.

 

Because our clients can remove the assets we manage on short notice, we may experience unexpected declines in revenue and profitability.

 

Our investment advisory contracts are generally terminable upon very short notice. Institutional and individual clients, and firms with which we have strategic alliances, can terminate their relationship with us, reduce the aggregate amount of AUM or shift their funds to other types of accounts with different rate structures for a number of reasons, including investment performance, changes in prevailing interest rates and financial market performance. Poor performance relative to other investment management firms tends to result in decreased investments in our investment products, increased redemptions of our investment products, and the loss of institutional or individual accounts or strategic alliances. In addition, the ability to terminate relationships may allow clients to renegotiate for lower fees paid for asset management services.

 

In addition, in the U.S., as required by the Investment Company Act, each of our investment advisory contracts with the mutual funds we advise or subadvise automatically terminates upon its “assignment.” Each of our other investment advisory contracts subject to the provisions of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, as required by this act, provides that the contract may not be “assigned” without the consent of the customer. A sale of a sufficiently large block of shares of our voting securities or other transactions could be deemed an “assignment” in certain circumstances. An assignment, actual or constructive, will trigger these termination provisions and could adversely affect our ability to continue managing client accounts.

 

To the extent that the separation and recapitalization may be deemed a technical “assignment” of investment advisory contracts, we will take the necessary steps to provide clients an opportunity to consent to the continuation of their advisory agreements after the completion of this offering. In addition, in this case, we will look to enter into new advisory or subadvisory agreements with the mutual funds that we advise or subadvise. A portion of these new mutual funds may need approval by the stockholders of the respective funds. In the event that any of these clients do not consent to a continuation of their agreement, we will lose AUM, which will result in a loss of revenue.

 

Access to clients through intermediaries is important to our Asset Management business, and reductions in referrals from such intermediaries or poor reviews of our products or our organization by such intermediaries could materially reduce our revenue and impair our ability to attract new clients.

 

Our ability to market our Asset Management services relies in part on receiving mandates from the client base of national and regional securities firms, banks, insurance companies, defined contribution plan administrators, investment consultants and other intermediaries. To an increasing extent, our Asset Management business uses referrals from accountants, lawyers, financial planners and other professional advisors. The inability to have this access could materially adversely affect our

 

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Asset Management business. In addition, many of these intermediaries review and evaluate our products and our organization. Poor reviews or evaluations of either the particular product or of us may result in client withdrawals or an inability to attract new assets through such intermediaries.

 

Our historical merchant banking activities involve increased levels of investments in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets, and we may lose some or all of the principal amount that we invest in these activities or fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time.

 

We intend to expand our participation in merchant banking activities through investments in new and successor funds, and we may exercise our option under the business alliance agreement between Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings to acquire the merchant banking business and related principal investments from LFCM Holdings. For further information with respect to our option, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Business Alliance Agreement.”

 

The revenue from this business is derived primarily from management fees calculated as a percentage of AUM and incentive fees, which are earned if investments are profitable over a specified threshold. Our ability to form new merchant banking funds is subject to a number of uncertainties, including past performance of our funds, market or economic conditions, competition from other fund managers and the ability to negotiate terms with major investors. In addition, the payments we are entitled to receive from LFCM Holdings under the terms of the business alliance agreement in respect of our continued involvement with LFCM Holdings will be based on the carried interests received in connection with LFCM Holdings-managed funds.

 

In addition, we expect to make principal investments in new merchant banking funds that may be established by us or by LFCM Holdings, and to continue to hold principal investments in several merchant banking funds managed by LFCM Holdings. The kinds of investments made by these funds are generally in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets. Contributing capital to these funds is risky, and we may lose some or all of the principal amount of our investments. Because it may take several years before attractive investment opportunities are identified, some or all of the capital committed by us to these funds is likely to be invested in government securities, other short-term, highly rated debt securities and money market funds that traditionally have offered investors relatively lower returns. In addition, the investments in these funds are adjusted for accounting purposes to fair market value at the end of each quarter, and our allocable share of these gains or losses will affect our revenue, even though such market fluctuations may have no cash impact, which could increase the volatility of our earnings. It takes a substantial period of time to identify attractive merchant banking opportunities, to raise all the funds needed to make an investment and then to realize the cash value of an investment through resale. Even if a merchant banking investment proves to be profitable, it may be several years or longer before any profits can be realized in cash or other proceeds.

 

We face strong competition from financial services firms, many of whom have the ability to offer clients a wider range of products and services than we can offer, which could lead to pricing pressures that could materially adversely affect our revenue and profitability.

 

The financial services industry is intensely competitive, and we expect it to remain so. We compete on the basis of a number of factors, including the quality of our employees, transaction execution, our products and services, innovation, reputation and price. We have experienced intense fee competition in some of our businesses in recent years, and we believe that we will experience pricing pressures in these and other areas in the future as some of our competitors seek to obtain increased market share by reducing fees.

 

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We face increased competition due to a trend toward consolidation. In recent years, there has been substantial consolidation and convergence among companies in the financial services industry. In particular, a number of large commercial banks, insurance companies and other broad-based financial services firms have established or acquired broker-dealers or have merged with other financial institutions. Many of these firms have the ability to offer a wide range of products, from loans, deposit-taking and insurance to brokerage, asset management and investment banking services, which may enhance their competitive position. They also have the ability to support investment banking, including financial advisory services, with commercial banking, insurance and other financial services revenue in an effort to gain market share, which could result in pricing pressure in our businesses.

 

An inability to access the debt and equity capital markets as a result of our debt and equity security obligations, credit ratings or other factors could impair our liquidity, increase our borrowing costs or otherwise adversely affect our competitive position or results of operations.

 

After completion of this offering and the additional financing transactions, Lazard Group and its subsidiaries expect to have approximately $1.3 billion in debt outstanding. This debt will have certain mandated payment obligations, which may constrain our ability to operate our business or to pay dividends on our common stock. In addition, in the future we may need to incur debt or issue equity in order to fund our working capital requirements or refinance existing indebtedness, as well as to make acquisitions and other investments. The amount of our debt obligations may impair our ability to raise debt or issue equity for financing purposes. Our access to funds also may be impaired if regulatory authorities take significant action against us, or if we discover that any of our employees had engaged in serious unauthorized or illegal activity. In addition, our borrowing costs and our access to the debt capital markets depend significantly on our credit ratings. These ratings are assigned by rating agencies, which may reduce or withdraw their ratings or place us on “credit watch” with negative implications at any time. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

We may pursue acquisitions or joint ventures that could present unforeseen integration obstacles or costs and could dilute the stock ownership of our stockholders and holders of our equity security units.

 

We have in the past pursued joint ventures and other transactions aimed at expanding the geography and scope of our operations. In 2002 we entered into a business alliance in Italy with Banca Intesa S.p.A., or “Intesa,” and we recently established a joint venture in Brazil with Signatura Advisors Ltda. We also have entered into a cooperation arrangement with IXIS to promote mutually beneficial revenue production and sharing relating to cooperation activities. See “Business—Principal Business Lines—Financial Advisory—Relationship with IXIS.” We expect to continue to explore partnership opportunities that we believe to be attractive. In addition, with publicly traded securities to potentially use to finance acquisitions, we believe that we will have greater opportunities and flexibility to pursue acquisitions and other similar transactions. While we are not currently in negotiations with respect to material acquisitions or material joint ventures, we routinely assess our strategic position and may in the future seek acquisitions or other transactions to further enhance our competitive position.

 

Acquisitions and joint ventures involve a number of risks and present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management, difficulty with integrating personnel and financial and other systems, hiring additional management and other critical personnel and increasing the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our operations. Our clients may react unfavorably to our acquisition and joint venture strategy, we may not realize any anticipated benefits from acquisitions, and we may be exposed to additional liabilities of any acquired business or joint venture, any of which could materially adversely affect our revenue and results of operations. In addition, future acquisitions or joint ventures may involve the issuance of additional shares of our common stock, which may dilute your ownership of us.

 

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Employee misconduct could harm us by impairing our ability to attract and retain clients and subjecting us to significant legal liability and reputational harm, and this type of misconduct is difficult to detect and deter.

 

Recently, there have been a number of highly publicized cases involving fraud or other misconduct by employees in the financial services industry generally, and we run the risk that employee misconduct could occur in our business as well. For example, misconduct by employees could involve the improper use or disclosure of confidential information, which could result in regulatory sanctions and serious reputational or financial harm. Our Financial Advisory business often requires that we deal with client confidences of great significance to our clients, improper use of which may harm our clients or our relationships with our clients. Any breach of our clients’ confidences as a result of employee misconduct may impair our ability to attract and retain Financial Advisory clients and may subject us to liability. Similarly, in our Asset Management business, we have authority over client assets, and we may, from time to time, have custody of such assets. In addition, we often have discretion to trade client assets on the client’s behalf and must do so acting in the best interests of the client. As a result, we are subject to a number of obligations and standards, and the violation of those obligations or standards may adversely affect our clients and us. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in all cases.

 

The financial services industry faces substantial litigation and regulatory risks, and we may face damage to our professional reputation and legal liability if our services are not regarded as satisfactory or for other reasons.

 

As a financial services firm, we depend to a large extent on our relationships with our clients and our reputation for integrity and high-caliber professional services to attract and retain clients. As a result, if a client is not satisfied with our services, such dissatisfaction may be more damaging to our business than to other types of businesses. Moreover, our role as advisor to our clients on important mergers and acquisitions or restructuring transactions involves complex analysis and the exercise of professional judgment, including, if appropriate, rendering “fairness opinions” in connection with mergers and other transactions.

 

In recent years, the volume of claims and amount of damages claimed in litigation and regulatory proceedings against financial advisors has been increasing. Our Financial Advisory activities may subject us to the risk of significant legal liabilities to our clients and third parties, including our clients’ stockholders, under securities or other laws for materially false or misleading statements made in connection with securities and other transactions and potential liability for the fairness opinions and other advice provided to participants in corporate transactions. In our Asset Management business, we make investment decisions on behalf of our clients which could result in substantial losses. This also may subject us to the risk of legal liabilities or actions alleging negligent misconduct, breach of fiduciary duty or breach of contract. These risks often may be difficult to assess or quantify and their existence and magnitude often remain unknown for substantial periods of time. Our engagements typically include broad indemnities from our clients and provisions designed to limit our exposure to legal claims relating to our services, but these provisions may not protect us or may not be adhered to in all cases. We also are subject to claims arising from disputes with employees for alleged discrimination or harassment, among other things. These risks often may be difficult to assess or quantify, and their existence and magnitude often remain unknown for substantial periods of time. As a result, we may incur significant legal expenses in defending against litigation. Substantial legal liability or significant regulatory action against us could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations or cause significant reputational harm to us, which could seriously harm our business.

 

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Other operational risks may disrupt our businesses, result in regulatory action against us or limit our growth.

 

Our business is dependent on communications and information systems, including those of our vendors. Any failure or interruption of these systems, whether caused by fire, other natural disaster, power or telecommunications failure, act of terrorism or war or otherwise, could materially adversely affect our operating results. Although we have back-up systems in place, our back-up procedures and capabilities in the event of a failure or interruption may not be adequate.

 

Particularly in our Asset Management business, we rely heavily on our financial, accounting, trading, compliance and other data processing systems. If any of these systems do not operate properly or are disabled, we could suffer financial loss, a disruption of our businesses, liability to clients, regulatory intervention or reputational damage. The inability of our systems to accommodate an increasing volume of transactions also could constrain our ability to expand our businesses. In recent years, we have substantially upgraded and expanded the capabilities of our data processing systems and other operating technology, and we expect that we will need to continue to upgrade and expand these capabilities in the future to avoid disruption of, or constraints on, our operations.

 

Extensive regulation of our businesses limits our activities and results in ongoing exposure to the potential for significant penalties, including fines or limitations on our ability to conduct our businesses.

 

The financial services industry is subject to extensive regulation. We are subject to regulation by governmental and self-regulatory organizations in the jurisdictions in which we operate around the world. Many of these regulators, including U.S. and non-U.S. government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities commissions in the U.S., are empowered to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fine, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or the suspension or expulsion of a broker-dealer. The requirements imposed by our regulators are designed to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect customers and other third parties who deal with us and are not designed to protect our stockholders. Consequently, these regulations often serve to limit our activities, including through net capital, customer protection and market conduct requirements.

 

We face the risk of significant intervention by regulatory authorities, including extended investigation and surveillance activity, adoption of costly or restrictive new regulations and judicial or administrative proceedings that may result in substantial penalties. Among other things, we could be fined or be prohibited from engaging in some of our business activities. In addition, the regulatory environment in which we operate is subject to modifications and further regulation. New laws or regulations or changes in the enforcement of existing laws or regulations applicable to us and our clients also may adversely affect our business, and our ability to function in this environment will depend on our ability to constantly monitor and react to these changes. For example, the European Union Financial Conglomerates Directive requires that we, along with a number of our competitors, be subject to consolidated supervision by a primary regulatory authority. As a result, we are in discussions with regulatory authorities regarding establishing consolidated supervision of our business, and we may be required to increase our regulatory capital. This requirement may adversely affect our profitability and result in other increased costs. In addition, the regulatory environment in which our clients operate may impact our business. For example, changes in antitrust laws or the enforcement of antitrust laws could affect the level of mergers and acquisitions activity and changes in state laws may limit investment activities of state pension plans. See “Business—Regulation” for a further discussion of the regulatory environment in which we conduct our businesses.

 

In particular, for asset management businesses in general, there have been a number of highly publicized regulatory inquiries that focus on the mutual funds industry. These inquiries already have resulted in increased scrutiny in the industry and new rules and regulations for mutual funds and their

 

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investment managers. This regulatory scrutiny and rulemaking initiatives may result in an increase in operational and compliance costs or the assessment of significant fines or penalties against our Asset Management business, and may otherwise limit our ability to engage in certain activities.

 

In addition, financial services firms are subject to numerous conflicts of interests or perceived conflicts. We have adopted various policies, controls and procedures to address or limit actual or perceived conflicts and regularly seek to review and update our policies, controls and procedures. However, these policies and procedures may result in increased costs, additional operational personnel and increased regulatory risk. Failure to adhere to these policies and procedures may result in regulatory sanctions or client litigation.

 

Specific regulatory changes also may have a direct impact on the revenue of our Asset Management business. In addition to regulatory scrutiny and potential fines and sanctions, regulators continue to examine different aspects of the asset management industry. For example, the use of “soft dollars,” where a portion of commissions paid to broker-dealers in connection with the execution of trades also pays for research and other services provided to advisors, may in the future be limited or prohibited. Although a substantial portion of the research relied on by our Asset Management business in the investment decision-making process is generated internally by our investment analysts, external research, including external research paid for with soft dollars, is important to the process. This external research generally is used for information gathering or verification purposes, and includes broker-provided research, as well as third-party provided databases and research services. For the year ended December 31, 2004, our Asset Management business obtained research and other services through soft dollar arrangements, the total cost of which we estimate to be approximately $8.5 million. If the use of soft dollars is limited or prohibited, we may have to bear these costs. In addition, new regulation regarding the annual approval process for mutual fund advisory agreements may result in the reduction of fees or possible terminations of these agreements. Other proposed rules that are currently under consideration include potential limitations on investment activities in which an advisor may engage, such as hedge funds and mutual funds, increased disclosure of advisor and fund activities and changes in compensation for mutual fund sales. These regulatory changes and other proposed or potential changes may result in a reduction of revenue associated with these activities.

 

Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could lower our net income or negatively impact the portfolios of our Asset Management clients and may affect the levels of our AUM.

 

Because our financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and we receive approximately 40% of our revenue in other currencies, predominantly in euros and British pounds, we are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currencies. In addition, we pay a significant amount of our expenses in such currencies. The exchange rates of these currencies versus the U.S. dollar may affect our net income. We do not generally hedge such non-dollar foreign exchange rate exposure arising in our subsidiaries outside of the U.S. Fluctuations in foreign currencies may also make period to period comparisons of our results of operations difficult.

 

Foreign currency fluctuations also can impact the portfolios of our Asset Management clients. Client portfolios are invested in securities across the globe, although most portfolios are in a single base currency. Foreign currency fluctuations can adversely impact investment performance for a client’s portfolio. In addition, foreign currency fluctuations may affect the levels of our AUM. As our AUM include significant assets that are denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to non-U.S. currencies may result in a decrease in the dollar value of our AUM, which, in turn, would result in lower U.S. dollar denominated revenue in our Asset Management business. While this risk may be limited by foreign currency hedging, some risks cannot be hedged and there is no guarantee that our hedging activity will be successful. Poor performance may result in decreased AUM, including as a result of withdrawal of client assets or a decrease in new assets being raised in the relevant product.

 

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Earnings of Lazard Group allocable to LAZ-MD Holdings may be taxed at higher tax rates than earnings allocable to Lazard Ltd, which may result in less cash being available to Lazard Group than would otherwise be available to it.

 

We estimate that our share of the earnings of Lazard Group will be taxed at an effective rate of approximately 28% as discussed in Note (g) in the “Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income” included elsewhere in this prospectus. As a result of their indirect interests in Lazard Group prior to exchange of those interests, however, we estimate that the managing directors of Lazard Group and other owners of LAZ-MD Holdings are likely to pay tax at a higher rate on their allocable share of Lazard Group’s earnings than we will. Lazard Group will make tax-related distributions based on the higher of the effective income and franchise tax rate applicable to Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries that hold the Lazard Group common membership interests and the weighted average income tax rate (based on income allocated) applicable to LAZ-MD Holdings’ members, determined in accordance with LAZ-MD Holdings’ operating agreement. Therefore, because distributions by Lazard Group to its members will be made on a pro rata basis, tax-related distributions to our subsidiaries are expected to exceed the taxes our subsidiaries actually pay. This may result in less cash being available to Lazard Group than would otherwise be available to it, and in excess cash being held by Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries. Prior to the third anniversary of the consummation of this offering and thereafter, we expect to issue a dividend to our stockholders of any such excess cash. In the event that tax rates applicable to members of LAZ-MD Holdings increase, the pro rata distributions from Lazard Group to its members, including our subsidiaries, may increase correspondingly.

 

We may become subject to taxes in Bermuda after March 28, 2016, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and your investment.

 

The Bermuda Minister of Finance, under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 of Bermuda, as amended, has given us an assurance that if any legislation is enacted in Bermuda that would impose tax computed on profits or income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, then the imposition of any such tax will not be applicable to us or any of our operations, shares, debentures or other obligations until March 28, 2016, except insofar as such tax applies to persons ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to any taxes payable by us in respect of real property owned or leased by us in Bermuda. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations.” Given the limited duration of the Bermuda Minister of Finance’s assurance, we may be subject to Bermuda tax after March 28, 2016.

 

In the event of a change or adverse interpretation of relevant income tax law, regulation or treaty, or a failure to qualify for treaty benefits, our overall tax rate may be substantially higher than the rate used for purposes of our pro forma financial statements.

 

Our estimated effective tax rate of 28% is based upon the application of currently applicable income tax laws, regulations and treaties and current judicial and administrative authorities interpreting those income tax laws, regulations and treaties and upon our non-U.S. subsidiaries’ ability to qualify for benefits under those treaties. Moreover, those income tax laws, regulations and treaties, and the administrative and judicial authorities interpreting them, are subject to change at any time, and any such change may be retroactive.

 

On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, or the “AJCA,” was enacted. Under the AJCA, non-U.S. corporations meeting certain ownership, operational and other tests are treated as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We do not believe that the AJCA should apply to Lazard or any of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. However, the AJCA grants broad regulatory authority to the Secretary of the Treasury to provide such regulations as may be appropriate to determine whether a non-U.S. corporation is treated as a U.S. corporation or as are necessary to carry out the provision, including adjusting its application as necessary to prevent the avoidance of its purposes. It is uncertain whether, or in what form, regulations will be issued under this provision, but,

 

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based on the advice of our counsel, we do not believe this provision or any regulation promulgated within the scope of its regulatory authority should apply to Lazard Ltd or its non-U.S. subsidiaries. A successful challenge of this position by the Internal Revenue Service, or the “IRS,” could result in Lazard Ltd or its non-U.S. subsidiaries being treated as U.S. corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which would result in an overall tax rate substantially higher than the rate reflected in our pro forma financial statements.

 

Our estimated effective tax rate is also based upon our non-U.S. subsidiaries qualifying for treaty benefits. The eligibility of our non-U.S. subsidiaries for treaty benefits generally depends upon, among other things, at least 50% of the principal class of shares in such subsidiaries being “ultimately owned” by U.S. citizens and persons that are “qualified residents” for purposes of the treaty. This requirement may not be met and even if it is met, we may not be able to document that fact to the satisfaction of the IRS. If our non-U.S. subsidiaries are not treated as eligible for treaty benefits, such subsidiaries will be subject to U.S. “branch profits tax” on their “effectively connected earnings and profits” (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) at a rate of 30% rather than a treaty rate of 5%. See “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations—Tax Status of Lazard Ltd and Its Subsidiaries—Subsidiaries of Lazard.”

 

The inability, for any reason, to achieve and maintain an overall income tax rate approximately equal to the rate used in preparing our pro forma financial statements could materially adversely affect our business and our results of operations and would materially adversely alter our pro forma financial information.

 

A number of our managing directors and other professional employees own rights to participate in the equity value, but not the earnings, in one of the principal operating subsidiaries of our Asset Management business, which could result in those persons receiving additional payments due to future actions with respect to that business.

 

The managing directors of LAM and other LAM employees hold LAM equity units. These LAM equity units entitle their holders to payments in connection with selected fundamental transactions affecting Lazard Group or LAM, including a dissolution or a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Lazard Group or LAM, a merger of, or sale of all of the interests in, LAM whereby Lazard Group ceases to own a majority of or have the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of LAM, or a non-ordinary course sale of assets by LAM that exceeds $50 million in value. These persons will not receive LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, but will retain their existing LAM equity units.

 

As a general matter, in connection with a fundamental transaction that triggers the LAM equity units, following the completion of this offering the holders of the LAM equity units would be entitled in the aggregate to 23.40% of the net proceeds or imputed valuation of LAM in such transaction after deductions for payment of creditors of LAM and the return of capital in LAM. Holders of LAM equity units may not necessarily be employed by us at the time of such event and, to the extent that their units were vested, they would remain entitled to any such payment. As of December 31, 2004, LAM’s capital for these purposes totaled approximately $70 million, of which approximately $18 million was owned by the managing directors and employee members of LAM, with the remainder owned by us through our subsidiaries. On and after January 1, 2006, the board of directors of LAM, a majority of which is appointed by us, may, in its discretion, grant, subject to specified vesting conditions, LAM equity interests that include profit rights to managing directors of, and other persons providing services to, LAM, as a portion of their ongoing compensation. The provisions of the LAM limited liability company agreement that govern the LAM equity units may impair our ability to sell assets or securities of LAM in the future or otherwise limit our operational flexibility and could result in a substantial amount of consideration being payable to key employees of our Asset Management business, impairing our ability to retain these persons and adversely affecting our business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

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Risks Related to the Separation

 

Reorganizing our business from a privately held firm to a publicly traded company may adversely affect our ability to recruit, retain and motivate key employees.

 

In connection with this offering, the working members will receive LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests that will in the future be effectively exchangeable for shares of our common stock. Our managing directors who are working members will receive these LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests, other than the managing directors of LAM, who will continue to hold their LAM equity units. The ownership of, and the ability to realize equity value from, these LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and underlying shares of our common stock will not be dependent upon a managing director’s continued employment with our company, and our managing directors will no longer be restricted from leaving Lazard by the potential loss of the value of these membership interests. In addition, assuming these LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests were exchangeable at the time of this offering and were all so exchanged, our managing directors would collectively hold 66,346,154 shares of common stock representing approximately 66.3% of the outstanding shares of our common stock immediately after this offering (or approximately 63.4% assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full). These shares of common stock, upon full exchange, will ultimately be a more liquid security than their current membership interests in Lazard Group.

 

The LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will be subject to restrictions on transfer and the timing of exchange. Most of these restrictions on the timing of exchange will survive for only a limited period and will permit our managing directors to leave Lazard without losing any of their LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests or underlying shares of common stock. In addition, we have agreed that working members, including our non-LAM managing directors, who had capital interests and rights at Lazard Group that are exchanged in the separation for capital interests and rights in LAZ-MD Holdings will have those LAZ-MD Holdings capital interests and rights redeemed or otherwise paid out in four equal installments on each of the first four anniversaries of this offering. We expect that, after the separation, our managing directors will hold approximately $110 million of the LAZ-MD Holdings redeemable capital interests. For a description of the terms of these exchangeable interests, see “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General.” Consequently, the steps we have taken to encourage the continued service of these individuals after this offering may not be effective.

 

In addition, after this offering, our policy will be to set our total compensation and benefits expense, including amounts payable to our managing directors, at a level not to exceed 57.5% of our operating revenue, such that after considering other operating costs we may realize our operating profit margin goals. Prior to this offering, compensation and benefits expense (calculated excluding amounts related to the separated businesses but including payments for minority interest for services rendered by LAM managing directors and employee members of LAM and services rendered by other managing directors) was approximately 74% of operating revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004. As a result, our managing directors may receive less income than they otherwise would have received prior to this offering, and such reduction (and the belief that a reduction may occur) could make it more difficult to retain them. While we believe the equity public offering should promote retention and recruitment, some managing directors and other employees may be more attracted to the benefits of working at a private, controlled partnership and the prospects of becoming a partner. The impact of the separation on our managing directors and other employee retention and recruitment is uncertain. For a description of the compensation plan for our senior professionals to be implemented after this offering, see “Management.”

 

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Our financial performance depends on our ability to achieve our target compensation expense level, and the failure to achieve this target level may materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

 

A key driver of our profitability is our ability to generate revenue while achieving our compensation expense levels. During 2002, 2003 and 2004, following the hiring of new senior management, we invested significant amounts in the recruitment and retention of senior professionals in an effort to reinvest in the intellectual capital of our business. We made distributions to our managing directors that exceeded our net income allocable to members in respect of 2002, 2003 and 2004.

 

Following the completion of this offering, we intend to operate at our target level of employee compensation and benefits expense, which may entail reducing payments to our managing directors. Prior to this offering, compensation and benefits expense (calculated excluding amounts related to the separated businesses but including payments for minority interest for services rendered by LAM managing directors and employee members of LAM and services rendered by other managing directors) was approximately 74% of operating revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004. Following the completion of this offering, our policy will be that our employee compensation and benefits expense will not exceed 57.5% of operating revenue each year. Increased competition for senior professionals, changes in the financial markets generally or other factors could prevent us from reaching this objective. Failure to achieve this target ratio may materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial position. For more information on our compensation and benefits expense, see “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Financial Measures and Indicators—Net Income Allocable to Members.”

 

Lazard Ltd will be controlled by LAZ-MD Holdings and, through the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, by the working members, whose interests may differ from those of other stockholders.

 

Upon the completion of this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings will hold our Class B common stock. Pursuant to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, the members of LAZ-MD Holdings will individually be entitled to direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote their proportionate interest in our Class B common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis. The voting power associated with the Class B common stock is intended to mirror the working members’ indirect economic interest in Lazard Group. After this offering, through the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, the working members will be effectively able to exercise control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of all directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, and other matters affecting the working members. This voting power may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of Lazard Ltd. See “—We may have potential business conflicts of interest with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings with respect to our past and ongoing relationships that could harm our business operations,” “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure,” “Management,” “Principal Stockholders,” “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Description of Capital Stock.”

 

The historical financial information of Lazard Group contained in this prospectus may not be representative of our results as a separate, independent public company.

 

Because Lazard Group has operated as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, payments for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors have been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest expense. Because Lazard Group historically has operated as an entity treated as a partnership in the U.S., Lazard Group paid little or no taxes on profits in the U.S., other than New York City UBT. As a result, Lazard Group’s operating income has not reflected most payments for services rendered by its managing directors and provision for income taxes has not reflected U.S. corporate federal income taxes.

 

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Reorganizing our business from a privately held firm to a publicly traded company may result in increased administrative and regulatory costs and burdens that are not reflected in the historical financial statements of Lazard Group, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Before 2000, our business was operated under separate and independent firms or private limited companies organized on a country-by-country basis. Starting with the unification of our various Houses under Lazard Group in 2000 and continuing with our transition to a publicly traded company, we have sought and are continuing to implement improvements to our administrative functions, including our compliance and control systems. In addition, as we will be a publicly traded company, we will be implementing additional regulatory and administrative procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the standards and requirements applicable to public companies, including under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related regulatory initiatives. The costs of implementing these steps may be significant.

 

Lazard Group’s businesses, including the separated businesses, also have been able to rely, to some degree, on the earnings, assets and cash flow of each other for capital and cash flow requirements. Accordingly, Lazard Group’s historical results of operations and financial position are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated results of operations and financial position of Lazard Group after completion of the separation. For additional information about the past financial performance and the basis of presentation of the historical financial statements, see “Selected Consolidated Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” and the Lazard Group historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The pro forma financial information in this prospectus may not permit you to predict our costs of operations, and the estimates and assumptions used in preparing our pro forma financial information may be materially different from our actual experience as a separate, independent company.

 

In preparing the pro forma financial information in this prospectus, we have made adjustments to the historical financial information of Lazard Group based upon currently available information and upon assumptions that our management believes are reasonable in order to reflect, on a pro forma basis, the impact of the transactions contemplated by the separation and recapitalization. Some of these adjustments include, among other items, a deduction and charge to earnings of estimated income taxes based on an estimated tax rate, estimated salaries, payroll taxes and benefits for our managing directors. These and other estimates and assumptions used in the calculation of the pro forma financial information in this prospectus may be materially different from our actual experience as a separate, independent company. The pro forma financial information in this prospectus does not purport to represent what Lazard Ltd’s or Lazard Group’s results of operations would actually have been had Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group operated as a separate, independent company during the periods presented, nor do the pro forma data give effect to any events other than those discussed in the unaudited pro forma financial information and related notes. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information.”

 

Lazard Group and its predecessors have undergone significant transformations in recent years, and we will continue our efforts to transform our business and operations going forward, which may disrupt the regular operations of our business.

 

Since the unification of the Houses of Lazard in 2000, Lazard Group has experienced a succession of transformative events, including the hiring of Mr. Wasserstein, the retention of new senior management and the hiring or promotion of a large number of new managing directors, as well as this offering and the separation and recapitalization transactions. Lazard Group’s efforts to transform our businesses are expected to continue following the completion of this offering, including

 

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by seeking to implement standards and procedures required of public companies such as certifications and compliance with the internal controls requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act.” The continued evolution of Lazard Group may have resulted, and in the future may result, in disruption to the regular operations of our business, including our ability to attract and complete current and future engagement opportunities with clients, increased difficulty in retaining senior professionals and managing and growing our businesses, the occurrence of any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.

 

We are in the process of documenting and testing our internal control procedures in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a report by our independent auditors addressing these assessments within a specified time period following the completion of this offering. During the course of our testing, we may identify deficiencies which we may not be able to remediate in time to meet the deadline imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for compliance with the requirements of Section 404. In addition, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Failure to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could have a material adverse effect on our business and the price of our common stock and, in turn, the equity security units.

 

LAZ-MD Holdings, Lazard Group, LFCM Holdings and we will enter into various arrangements, including the master separation agreement, which will contain cross-indemnification obligations of LAZ-MD Holdings, Lazard Group, LFCM Holdings and us, that any party may be unable to satisfy.

 

The master separation agreement that we intend to enter into with Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings will provide, among other things, that LFCM Holdings generally will indemnify us, Lazard Group and LAZ-MD Holdings for losses that we incur arising out of, or relating to, the separated businesses and the businesses conducted by LFCM Holdings and losses that we, Lazard Group or LAZ-MD Holdings incur arising out of, or relating to, LFCM Holdings’ breach of the master separation agreement. In addition, LAZ-MD Holdings generally will indemnify us, Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings for losses that we incur arising out of, or relating to, LAZ-MD Holdings’ breach of the master separation agreement. Our ability to collect under the indemnities from LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings depends on their financial position. For example, persons may seek to hold us responsible for liabilities assumed by LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings. If these liabilities are significant and we are held liable for them, we may not be able to recover any or all of the amount of those losses from LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings should either be financially unable to perform under their indemnification obligations.

 

We currently have a number of ongoing obligations in respect of which, pursuant to the master separation agreement and other ancillary agreements, LFCM Holdings is providing certain indemnities. For example, we intend to enter into an arrangement with LFCM Holdings relating to the costs of excess space in the U.K. LFCM Holdings will pay to Lazard Group the lease costs up to a maximum of $29 million in the aggregate under these arrangements. In addition, as reflected in the notes to our consolidated financial statements, as of December 31, 2004, our principal U.K. pension plan had a deficit of approximately $95 million under current actuarial assumptions. This deficit would ordinarily be funded over time. We are in discussions with the trustees of that pension plan aimed at reaching agreement regarding a deficit reduction plan as well as asset allocation. In considering their duties to beneficiaries, the trustees also have the power to change the asset allocation. Any changes in the

 

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asset allocation could increase the unfunded liability that would be funded over time, depending on asset mix, any increase in liabilities and returns. It is also the case that the relevant pensions regulator in the U.K. may have the power to require contributions to be made to plans, and to impose support in respect of the funding of plans by related companies other than the direct obligors. We anticipate that LFCM Holdings will make payments of approximately 30 million British pounds in the aggregate to Lazard Group or one of its subsidiaries to reduce the pension plan deficit. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.” In the event that LFCM Holdings is unable to perform under such arrangements for any reason, we would remain fully liable.

 

In addition, Lazard Group generally will indemnify LFCM Holdings and LAZ-MD Holdings for liabilities related to Lazard Group’s businesses and Lazard Group will indemnify LFCM Holdings and LAZ-MD Holdings for losses that they incur to the extent arising out of, or relating to, Lazard Group’s or our breach of the master separation agreement. Several of the ancillary agreements that Lazard Group will enter into together with the master separation agreement also provide for separate indemnification arrangements. For example, under the administrative services agreement, Lazard Group will provide a range of services to LFCM Holdings after the separation and recapitalization, including information technology, general office and building services and financing and accounting services, and LFCM Holdings will generally indemnify Lazard Group for liabilities that Lazard Group incurs arising from the provision of these services absent Lazard Group’s intentional misconduct. Lazard Group may face claims for indemnification from LFCM Holdings and LAZ-MD Holdings under these provisions regarding matters for which Lazard Group has agreed to indemnify them. If these liabilities are significant, Lazard Group may be required to make substantial payments, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations.

 

We will have potential conflicts of interest with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings, and LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings could each act in a way that favors its interests to our detriment.

 

Immediately following this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings will hold approximately 66.3% of our voting power through our single share of Class B common stock and 66.3% of the outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests. In addition, LAZ-MD Holdings’ board of directors will be composed of four individuals, all of whom are managing directors or officers of our company, including our Vice Chairman and our President. The voting and equity ownership of LAZ-MD Holdings and its members, and the service of officers and managing directors of our company as directors of LAZ-MD Holdings, could create conflicts of interest when LAZ-MD Holdings and those directors and officers are faced with decisions that could have different implications for LAZ-MD Holdings and us, including potential acquisitions of businesses, the issuance or disposition of securities by us, the election of new or additional directors of Lazard Ltd, the payment of dividends by Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group, our relationship with LFCM Holdings and other matters. We also expect that LAZ-MD Holdings will manage its ownership of us so that it will not be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, including by maintaining its voting power in Lazard Ltd above a majority absent an applicable exemption from the Act. This may result in conflicts with us, including those relating to acquisitions or offerings by us involving issuances of our common stock or securities convertible or exchangeable into shares of our common stock that would dilute LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting power in Lazard Ltd.

 

Since the members of LAZ-MD Holdings will be entitled to individually direct the vote of our Class B common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis and will also own and control LFCM Holdings, their control of LAZ-MD Holdings and the vote of the share of our Class B common stock gives rise to potential conflicts between LFCM Holdings and LAZ-MD Holdings, on the one hand, and our company, on the other hand, as discussed below.

 

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In addition, Mr. Wasserstein, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, serves as the Chairman and is the majority owner of Wasserstein Holdings, LLC, the ultimate general partner of Wasserstein & Co., LP, a separate merchant banking firm that may compete with LFCM Holdings’ or our merchant banking fund management activities. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Certain Relationships with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Employees—Relationships Involving Employee Directors and Executive Officers.”

 

We may have potential business conflicts of interest with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings with respect to our past and ongoing relationships that could harm our business operations.

 

Pursuant to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, LAZ-MD Holdings will vote the single share of Class B common stock, which immediately following this offering will represent approximately 66.3% of our voting power, as directed by its individual members, all of whom are working members, including managing directors of our business. These same persons will own and control LFCM Holdings, which will hold the separated businesses. In addition, our President will be the Chairman of LFCM Holdings, and several employees of Lazard will provide services to LFCM Holdings. Conflicts of interest may arise between LFCM Holdings and us in a number of areas relating to our past and ongoing relationships, including:

 

  Ÿ   labor, tax, employee benefits, indemnification and other matters arising from the separation,

 

  Ÿ   intellectual property matters,

 

  Ÿ   business combinations involving us,

 

  Ÿ   business operations or business opportunities of LFCM Holdings or us that would compete with the other party’s business opportunities, including investment banking by us and the management of merchant banking funds by LFCM Holdings, particularly as some of the managing directors will provide services to LFCM Holdings,

 

  Ÿ   the terms of the master separation agreement and related ancillary agreements, including the operation of the merchant banking fund management business and Lazard Group’s option to purchase the business,

 

  Ÿ   the nature, quality and pricing of administrative services to be provided by us, and

 

  Ÿ   the provision of services by two of our managing directors to LFCM Holdings.

 

In addition, the administrative services agreement commits us to provide a range of services to LFCM Holdings and LAZ-MD Holdings, which could require the expenditure of significant amounts of time by our management. Our agreements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings may be amended upon agreement of the parties to those agreements. During the time that we are controlled by LAZ-MD Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings may be able to require us to agree to amendments to these agreements. We may not be able to resolve any potential conflicts and, even if we do, the resolution may be less favorable to us than if we were dealing with an unaffiliated party.

 

The use of the “Lazard” brand name by subsidiaries of LFCM Holdings may expose us to reputational harm that could affect our operations and adversely affect our financial position should these subsidiaries take actions that damage the brand name.

 

The “Lazard” brand name has over 150 years of heritage, connoting, we believe, world-class professional advice, independence and global capabilities with deeply rooted, local know-how. After the separation, LFCM Holdings will operate as a separate legal entity, and Lazard Group will license to subsidiaries of LFCM Holdings that operate the separated businesses the use of the “Lazard” brand name for certain specified purposes, including in connection with merchant banking fund management

 

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and capital markets activities. As these subsidiaries of LFCM Holdings historically have and will continue to use the “Lazard” brand name, and because after the separation we will no longer control these entities, there is a risk of reputational harm to us if these subsidiaries have, or in the future, were to, among other things, engage in poor business practices, experience adverse results or otherwise damage the reputational value of the “Lazard” brand name. These risks could expose us to liability and also may adversely affect our revenue and our business prospects.

 

Our subsidiaries will be required to pay LFCM Holdings for most of the benefit relating to any additional tax depreciation or amortization deductions our subsidiaries may claim as a result of the tax basis step-up our subsidiaries receive in connection with this offering and related transactions.

 

Prior to, and in connection with, this offering, historical partner interests and preferred interests generally will be redeemed for cash. In addition, LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests may, in effect, be exchanged in the future for shares of our common stock. The redemption will, and the exchanges may, result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Lazard Group attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group that otherwise would not have been available. These increases in tax basis may reduce the amount of tax that our subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future, although the IRS may challenge all or part of that tax basis increase, and a court could sustain such a challenge.

 

Our subsidiaries intend to enter into a tax receivable agreement with LFCM Holdings that will provide for the payment by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that our subsidiaries actually realize as a result of these increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement. We expect to benefit from the remaining 15% of cash savings, if any, in income or franchise tax that our subsidiaries realize. Our subsidiaries will have the right to terminate the tax receivable agreement at any time for an amount based on an agreed value of certain payments remaining to be made under the tax receivable agreement at such time. While the actual amount and timing of any payments under this agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and the amount and timing of our income, we expect that, as a result of the size of the increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Lazard Group attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group, during the expected 24-year term of the tax receivable agreement, the payments that our subsidiaries may make to LFCM Holdings could be substantial. If the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests had been effectively exchanged in a taxable transaction for common stock at the time of the closing of this offering, the increase in the tax basis attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group would have been approximately $1.7 billion, assuming an initial offering price of $26.00 per share of common stock (the midpoint of the range of initial public offering prices set forth on the cover of the prospectus for the equity public offering), including the increase in tax basis associated with the redemption and recapitalization. The cash savings that our subsidiaries would actually realize as a result of this increase in tax basis likely would be significantly less than this amount multiplied by our effective tax rate due to a number of factors, including the allocation of the increase in tax basis to foreign assets, the impact of the increase in the tax basis on our ability to use foreign tax credits and the rules relating to the amortization of intangible assets. The tax receivable agreement will require approximately 85% of such cash savings, if any, to be paid to LFCM Holdings. The actual increase in tax basis will depend upon, among other factors, the price of shares of our common stock at the time of the exchange and the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and, as a result, could differ materially from this amount. Any amount paid by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings will generally be distributed to the working members in proportion to their goodwill interests underlying the working member interests held by or allocated to such persons immediately prior to the separation. Our ability to achieve benefits from

 

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any such increase, and the payments to be made under this agreement, will depend upon a number of factors, as discussed above, including the timing and amount of our future income.

 

In addition, if the IRS successfully challenges the tax basis increase, under certain circumstances, our subsidiaries could make payments to LFCM Holdings under the tax receivable agreement in excess of our subsidiaries’ cash tax savings. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group—The Redemption of the Historical Partners’ Interests” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.”

 

The separation and recapitalization transactions may be challenged by creditors as a fraudulent transfer or conveyance, and, should a court agree with such a challenge, equityholders and creditors of the entity held liable could be adversely affected.

 

While we do not believe that any of the separation and recapitalization transactions will result in a fraudulent conveyance or transfer, if a court in a suit by an unpaid creditor or representative of creditors of Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings, such as a trustee in bankruptcy, or Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings itself, as debtor-in-possession in a reorganization case under Title 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, were to find that:

 

  Ÿ   any of the separation and recapitalization transactions (or any related transactions) were undertaken for the purpose of hindering, delaying or defrauding creditors of Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings (as applicable), or

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings (as applicable) received less than reasonably equivalent value or fair consideration in connection with any of the separation and recapitalization transactions and (i) Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings (as applicable) was insolvent immediately prior to, or was rendered insolvent by, the separation or recapitalization transactions, (ii) Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings (as applicable) immediately prior to, or as of the effective time of, the completion of any of the separation and recapitalization transactions, and after giving effect thereto, intended or believed that it would be unable to pay its debts as they became due, or (iii) the capital of Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings (as applicable) immediately prior to or, at the effective time of, the completion of any of the separation and recapitalization transactions, and after giving effect thereto, was inadequate to conduct its business,

 

then that court could determine that any of the separation and recapitalization transactions violated applicable provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or applicable state fraudulent transfer or conveyance laws. This determination would permit the bankruptcy trustee, debtor-in-possession or unpaid creditors to rescind the separation or recapitalization transactions, to subordinate or render unenforceable the debt incurred in furtherance thereof, or to require Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings or the historical partners, as the case may be, to fund liabilities for the benefit of creditors. Equityholders and creditors of the entity held liable as a result of such determination would be adversely affected to the extent such entity is required to surrender value to satisfy its liability.

 

The measure of insolvency for purposes of the foregoing considerations will vary depending upon the law of the jurisdiction that is being applied. Generally, however, an entity would be considered insolvent if:

 

  Ÿ   the sum of its liabilities, including contingent liabilities, is greater than its assets, at a fair valuation,

 

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  Ÿ   the present fair saleable value of its assets is less than the amount required to pay the probable liability on its total existing debts and liabilities, including contingent liabilities, as they become absolute and matured, or

 

  Ÿ   it is generally not paying its debts as they become due.

 

Similar provisions would also apply in any other jurisdiction in which the separation and recapitalization transactions take effect.

 

If we were deemed an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act as a result of our ownership of Lazard Group, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our business as contemplated and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operation.

 

We do not believe that Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance will be an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act after completion of the separation and recapitalization, because Lazard Ltd, through Lazard Group Finance, will have the power to appoint and remove the Lazard Group managing member. If Lazard Ltd were to cease participation in the management of Lazard Group or not be deemed to have a majority of the voting power of Lazard Group, its interest in Lazard Group could be deemed an “investment security” for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Similarly, we do not believe that LAZ-MD Holdings will be an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act after completion of the separation and recapitalization, because LAZ-MD Holdings will initially hold a majority of Lazard Ltd’s voting power through our Class B common stock, and Lazard Ltd, through Lazard Group Finance, owns a majority of the voting power of Lazard Group. If LAZ-MD Holdings ceases to hold a majority of the voting power of Lazard Ltd, or Lazard Ltd ceases to hold a majority of the voting power of Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings’ interests in Lazard Group could be deemed an “investment security” for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Generally, a person is an “investment company” if it owns investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items), absent an applicable exemption. Following this offering, Lazard Ltd will have no material assets other than direct and indirect ownership of Lazard Group common membership interests and, through Lazard Finance Group, its controlling interest in Lazard Group. A determination that this investment was an investment security could result in Lazard Ltd being an investment company under the Investment Company Act and becoming subject to the registration and other requirements of the Investment Company Act. Similarly, LAZ-MD Holdings will have no material assets other than its ownership of Lazard Group common membership interests, our Class B common stock and cash. A reduction of LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting power in Lazard Ltd to less than a majority or a determination that the Lazard Group common membership interests is an investment security could result in LAZ-MD Holdings being an investment company under the Investment Company Act, unless an exemption is available, and becoming subject to the registration and other requirements of the Investment Company Act.

 

The Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder contain detailed prescriptions for the organization and operations of investment companies. Among other things, the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder limit or prohibit transactions with affiliates, impose limitations on the issuance of debt and equity securities, prohibit the issuance of stock options, and impose certain governance requirements. We intend to conduct our operations, and expect that LAZ-MD Holdings will conduct its operations, so that none of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group Finance or LAZ-MD Holdings, respectively, will be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act. However, if anything were to happen which would cause Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group Finance or LAZ-MD Holdings to be deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act, requirements imposed by the Investment Company Act, including limitations on its or our capital structure, ability to transact business with affiliates (including LAZ-MD Holdings or us, as the case may be) and ability to compensate key employees, could make it impractical for us to continue our business

 

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as currently conducted, impair the agreements and arrangements, including the master separation agreement and related agreements and the transactions contemplated by those agreements, between and among Lazard Ltd, LAZ-MD Holdings, Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings or any combination thereof and materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Risks Related to Our Common Stock

 

Because there has not been any public market for securities of Lazard Ltd, the market price and trading volume of our common stock may be volatile.

 

Prior to the equity public offering and this offering, there has been no public market for our securities, including our common stock, or those of Lazard Group. Although we have been approved to have our common stock listed on the NYSE, an active public market for our common stock may not develop. The price of our common stock in the equity public offering will be determined through negotiations between us and the underwriters. The negotiated price of the equity public offering may not be indicative of the market price of the common stock after the equity public offering. The market price of the common stock could be subject to significant fluctuations due to factors such as:

 

  Ÿ   actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial condition or results of operations,

 

  Ÿ   success of operating strategies, and our perceived prospects and the financial services industry in general,

 

  Ÿ   realization of any of the risks described in this section,

 

  Ÿ   failure to be covered by securities analysts or failure to meet securities analysts’ expectations, and

 

  Ÿ   decline in the stock prices of peer companies.

 

As a result, shares of our common stock may trade at prices significantly below the price of the equity public offering. Declines in the price of our stock may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain key employees, including our managing directors and other key professional employees.

 

Our share price may decline due to the large number of shares eligible for future sale and for exchange.

 

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock by our managing directors and others, or the possibility of such sales, may adversely affect the price of our common stock and impede our ability to raise capital through the issuance of equity securities. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale.” Upon consummation of the equity public offering, there will be 33,653,846 shares of common stock outstanding (or 38,223,532 shares of common stock if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). Of these shares of common stock, 30,464,579 shares of common stock sold in the equity public offering (or 35,034,265 shares of common stock if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) will be freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the “Securities Act,” unless such shares are held by an affiliate. The remaining 3,189,267 shares of common stock generally will be available for future sale upon the expiration or waiver of transfer restrictions applicable to such restricted shares or registration of those shares. In addition, 66,346,154 shares of our common stock will, after the equity public offering, be issuable upon the full exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests, which will be entitled to registration rights under the terms of the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement. In light of the number of shares of our common stock issuable in connection with the full exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and the securities to be issued in this offering and pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement, the price of our common stock may decrease and, in turn, cause the value of our equity security units to decline and our ability to raise capital through the issuance of equity securities may be adversely impacted as these exchanges occur and transfer restrictions lapse.

 

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As reflected in the table below, LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will be effectively exchangeable into common stock, and thereafter that common stock will become available for sale in significant numbers. In addition, LAZ-MD Holdings and certain of our subsidiaries, with the consent of the Lazard Ltd board of directors, have the right to cause the holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests to exchange all such remaining interests during the 30-day period following the ninth anniversary of this offering and under certain other circumstances. For a discussion of these exchange and transfer restrictions, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.” We expect to register the shares received by the working members pursuant to the exchange for resale by such persons from time to time as well. Persons exchanging their LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests are likely to sell all or a portion of their common stock promptly after exchange to provide liquidity to cover any taxes that may be payable upon such exchange or in response to the reduction in their income in connection with our transition to a public company or to diversify their portfolios.

 

The following table reflects the timetable for exchangeability of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests assuming continued employment of the current managing directors. As described below, exchangeability may be accelerated under certain circumstances as described in “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.”

 

Anniversary of offering


   Number of additional shares of common stock that
are expected to become available for exchange
under LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests


First    234,906
Second    622,872
Third    21,155,974
Fourth    20,709,760
Fifth    21,493,452
Sixth    —  
Seventh    —  
Eighth    2,129,190
    

Total

   66,346,154
    

 

See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale.”

 

In addition, this offering and the IXIS investment agreement will involve securities that effectively are exchangeable into up to              shares of our common stock on the third anniversary of the consummation of this offering. The shares of our common stock that IXIS will acquire as part of the additional financing transactions generally may not be transferred for a period of 545 days from the date of purchase, but thereafter may be transferred or sold under certain circumstances. See “Description of Capital Stock—IXIS Investment in Our Common Stock.” Under limited, agreed upon circumstances, a few of our European managing directors will have the right to cause an early exchange of a portion of their exchangeable interests. In addition, between the first and third anniversaries of this offering, a limited number of our managing directors will be entitled to exchange a portion of their LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in connection with their anticipated future retirement from us. Our Chief Executive Officer who holds historical partner interests and has elected to exchange those interests for shares of our common stock in lieu of the cash consideration in the redemption will hold shares of our common stock after this offering that will be available for resale upon expiration of underwriters’ lock-up arrangements, subject to compliance with the Securities Act. See

 

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“The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group” and “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—Exchange of Working Member Interests for LAZ-MD Holdings Interests.”

 

Our only material asset after completion of this offering will be our indirect interests in Lazard Group, and we are accordingly dependent upon distributions from Lazard Group to pay dividends and taxes and other expenses.

 

Lazard Ltd will be a holding company and will have no material assets other than the indirect ownership of approximately 33.7% of the common membership interests in Lazard Group that Lazard Ltd will acquire in connection with this offering and Lazard Ltd’s holding of a controlling interest in Lazard Group through an indirect managing member position in Lazard Group Finance, which is the managing member of Lazard Group. We have no independent means of generating revenue. Our wholly-owned subsidiaries will incur income taxes on their proportionate share of any net taxable income of Lazard Group in their respective tax jurisdictions. We intend to cause Lazard Group to make distributions to its members, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries, in an amount sufficient to cover all applicable taxes payable and dividends, if any, declared by us. To the extent that our subsidiaries need funds to pay taxes on their share of Lazard Group’s net taxable income, or if Lazard Ltd needs funds for any other purpose, and Lazard Group is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation, or is otherwise unable to provide such funds, it could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. See “Dividend Policy.”

 

We may issue preference shares and our bye-laws and Bermuda law may discourage takeovers, which could affect the rights of holders of our common stock.

 

Following this offering, the ownership of the Class B common stock will give LAZ-MD Holdings and, through the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, the members of LAZ-MD Holdings, voting control of us and will have the effect, among other things, of preventing a change in control of us without LAZ-MD Holdings’ consent. Additionally, following this offering, our board of directors will have the authority to issue up to 15,000,000 preference shares without any further vote or action by the stockholders, in accordance with the provisions of our bye-laws. Since the preference shares could be issued with liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to those of the common stock, the rights of the holders of common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any such preference shares. The issuance of preference shares could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock. Further, the provisions of our bye-laws including our classified board of directors and the ability of stockholders to remove directors only for cause, and of Bermuda law, could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of us. See “Description of Capital Stock.”

 

We are incorporated in Bermuda, and a significant portion of our assets are located outside the U.S. As a result, it may not be possible for stockholders to enforce civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal or state securities laws.

 

We are incorporated under the laws of Bermuda, and a significant portion of our assets are located outside the U.S. It may not be possible to enforce court judgments obtained in the U.S. against us in Bermuda, or in countries other than the U.S. where we have assets, based on the civil liability provisions of the federal or state securities laws of the U.S. In addition, there is some doubt as to whether the courts of Bermuda and other countries would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts obtained against us or our directors or officers based on the civil liabilities provisions of the federal or state securities laws of the U.S. or would hear actions against us or those persons based on those laws. We have been advised by our legal advisors in Bermuda that the U.S. and Bermuda do not

 

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currently have a treaty providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters. Therefore, a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any federal or state court in the U.S. based on civil liability, whether or not based solely on U.S. federal or state securities laws, would not automatically be enforceable in Bermuda. Similarly, those judgments may not be enforceable in countries other than the U.S. where we have assets.

 

Bermuda law differs from the laws in effect in the U.S. and may afford less protection to stockholders.

 

Our stockholders may have more difficulty protecting their interests than would stockholders of a corporation incorporated in a jurisdiction of the U.S. As a Bermuda company, we are governed by the Companies Act. The Companies Act differs in some material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and stockholders, including the provisions relating to interested directors, mergers, amalgamations and acquisitions, takeovers, stockholder lawsuits and indemnification of directors. See “Description of Capital Stock—Delaware Law” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Certain Relationships with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Employees—Director and Officer Indemnification.”

 

Under Bermuda law, the duties of directors and officers of a company are generally owed to the company only. Stockholders of Bermuda companies generally do not have rights to take action against directors or officers of the company, and may only do so in limited circumstances. Officers of a Bermuda company must, in exercising their powers and performing their duties, act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company and must exercise the care and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. Directors have a duty not to put themselves in a position in which their duties to the company and their personal interests may conflict and also are under a duty to disclose any personal interest in any contract or arrangement with the company or any of its subsidiaries. If a director or officer of a Bermuda company is found to have breached his or her duties to that company, he may be held personally liable to the company in respect of that breach of duty. A director may be liable jointly and severally with other directors if it is shown that the director knowingly engaged in fraud or dishonesty. In cases not involving fraud or dishonesty, the liability of the director will be determined by the Bermuda courts on the basis of their estimation of the percentage of responsibility of the director for the matter in question, in light of the nature of the conduct of the director and the extent of the causal relationship between his or her conduct and the loss suffered.

 

In addition, our bye-laws provide that no director shall be liable to the company, any of our stockholders or any other person for the acts, neglects or defaults of any other director, or for any loss or expense happening to the company through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any property acquired by order of the directors for or on behalf of the company, or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of the moneys of the company shall be invested, or for any loss or damage arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency, or tortuous act of any person with whom any moneys, securities or effects shall be deposited, or for any loss occasioned by any error of judgment, omission, default, or oversight on his or her part, or for any other loss, damage, or misfortune whatever which shall happen in relation to the execution of the duties of his or her office, provided that such provisions shall not extend to any matter which would render any of them void under the Companies Act.

 

There are provisions in our bye-laws that may require certain of our non-U.S. stockholders to sell their shares to us or to a third party.

 

Our bye-laws provide that if our board of directors determines that we or any of our subsidiaries do not meet, or in the absence of repurchases of shares will fail to meet, the ownership requirements of a limitation on benefits article of any bilateral income tax treaty with the U.S. applicable to us, and that such tax treaty would provide material benefits to us or any of our subsidiaries, we generally have

 

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the right, but not the obligation, to repurchase at fair market value (as determined in the good faith discretion of our board of directors) shares of our common stock from any stockholder who beneficially owns more than 0.25% of the outstanding shares and who fails to demonstrate to our satisfaction that such stockholder is either (a) a U.S. citizen or (b) a qualified resident of the U.S. or the other contracting state of the applicable tax treaty (as determined for purposes of the relevant provision of the limitation on benefits article of such treaty). IXIS is not subject to this repurchase right with respect to the aggregate number of shares it will acquire pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement.

 

The number of shares that may be repurchased from any such stockholder will equal the product of the total number of shares that we reasonably determine to purchase to ensure ongoing satisfaction of the limitation on benefits article of the applicable tax treaty, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares beneficially owned by such stockholder (other than the aggregate number of shares IXIS will acquire pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement) and the denominator of which is the total number of shares (reduced by the aggregate number of shares IXIS acquires pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement) beneficially owned by such stockholder subject to this repurchase right.

 

Instead of exercising the repurchase right described above, we will have the right, but not the obligation, to cause the transfer to, and procure the purchase by, any U.S. citizen or a qualified resident of the U.S. or the other contracting state of the applicable tax treaty (as determined for purposes of the relevant provision of the limitation on benefits article of such treaty) of the number of outstanding shares beneficially owned by any stockholder that are otherwise subject to repurchase under our bye-laws as described above, at fair market value (as determined in the good faith discretion of our board of directors). See “Description of Share Capital—Acquisition of Shares by Us.”

 

Risk Factors Related to the Units

 

You will bear the entire risk of a decline in the price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock.

 

You will have an obligation to buy shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock pursuant to the purchase contract at a fixed price. The market value of the common stock you will purchase on the stock purchase date may be materially lower than the price per share that the purchase contract requires you to pay. If for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008, the closing price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock is less than or equal to $          , you will, on the stock purchase date, be required to purchase common stock at a price per share of $          . Accordingly, a holder of units assumes the entire risk that the market value of the common stock may decline and that the decline could be substantial. See “—Risks Related to Our Common Stock” above.

 

You will receive only a portion of any appreciation in the common stock price.

 

The aggregate market value of the common stock you will receive upon settlement of a purchase contract will exceed the stated amount of $25 if for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008 the closing price of our common stock equals or exceeds $          , which we refer to in this prospectus as the “threshold appreciation price.” The threshold appreciation price represents an appreciation of           % over $          . If on each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008 the closing price of our common stock exceeds $          , which is referred to as the reference price, but falls below the threshold appreciation price, you will realize no equity appreciation on the common stock for the period during which you own a unit. Furthermore, if for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008 the closing price of our common stock equals or exceeds the threshold appreciation price, the value of our common stock you will receive under the purchase contract will be approximately           % of the value of the common stock you could have purchased with $25 at the time of this offering. During the period prior to settlement, an investment in the units affords less opportunity for equity appreciation than a direct investment in our common stock.

 

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The trading price of the common stock and the general level of interest rates and our credit quality will affect the trading price for the units.

 

It is impossible to predict whether the price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock or interest rates will rise or fall. Our operating results and prospects and economic, financial and other factors will affect trading prices of Lazard Ltd’s common stock and the units. In addition, market conditions can affect the capital markets generally, thereby affecting the price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. These conditions may include the level of, and fluctuations in, the trading prices of stocks generally and sales of substantial amounts of common stock in the market after the equity public offering or the perception that those sales could occur. Fluctuations in interest rates may give rise to arbitrage opportunities based upon changes in the relative value of Lazard Ltd’s common stock underlying the purchase contracts and of the other components of the units. The arbitrage could, in turn, affect the trading prices of the units.

 

You may suffer dilution of the common stock issuable upon settlement of your purchase contract.

 

The number of shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock issuable upon settlement of your purchase contract is subject to adjustment only for stock splits and combinations, stock dividends and specified other transactions that significantly modify the capital structure of Lazard Ltd. The number of shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock issuable upon settlement of each purchase contract is not subject to adjustment for other events, including employee stock option grants, ordinary dividends, offerings of common stock for cash, or in connection with acquisitions or other transactions that may adversely affect the price of the shares of common stock. The terms of the units do not restrict the ability of Lazard Ltd to offer common stock in the future or to engage in other transactions that could dilute the shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. Lazard Ltd has no separate obligation to consider the interests of the holders of the units in engaging in any such offering or transaction. If Lazard Ltd issues additional shares of common stock, that issuance may materially and adversely affect the price of the common stock and, because of the relationship of the number of common stock holders are to receive on the stock purchase date to the price of the common stock, such other events may adversely affect the trading price of the units.

 

You will have no rights as common stockholders but will be subject to all changes with respect to Lazard Ltd’s common stock.

 

Until you acquire shares of common stock upon settlement of your purchase contract, you will have no rights with respect to Lazard Ltd’s common stock, including voting rights, rights to respond to tender offers and rights to receive any dividends or other distributions on shares of common stock. Lazard Ltd intends to declare and pay quarterly cash dividends beginning in the second quarter of 2005. Only holders of Lazard Ltd’s common stock, not holders of units, will receive such dividends. Upon settlement of your purchase contract, you will be entitled to exercise the rights of a holder of Lazard Ltd’s common stock only as to actions for which the record date occurs after the settlement date.

 

Your pledged securities will be encumbered.

 

Although holders of units will hold beneficial ownership interests in the underlying pledged senior notes or treasury securities, the holders will pledge those securities to secure their obligations under the related purchase contracts. Therefore, for so long as the purchase contracts remain in effect, holders will not be allowed to withdraw their ownership interest in the pledged senior notes or treasury securities from this pledge arrangement, except upon substitution of other securities as described in this prospectus.

 

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The purchase contract agreement has not been and will not be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, and the obligations of the purchase contract agent will be limited.

 

Even if transactions in the units are covered by an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, the purchase contract agreement relating to the units will not be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “Trust Indenture Act.” The purchase contract agent under the purchase contract agreement, who acts as the agent and the attorney-in-fact for the holders of the units, has not been and will not be qualified as a trustee under the Trust Indenture Act. Accordingly, holders of the units will not have the benefits of the protections of the Trust Indenture Act other than to the extent applicable to a senior note included in a unit or as specified in the purchase contract agreement, such as the right to cause the purchase contract agent to be removed for conflicting interests, as defined in the Trust Indenture Act. Under the terms of the purchase contract agreement, the purchase contract agent has only limited obligations to the holders of the units.

 

Holders of senior notes have only limited rights of acceleration.

 

Holders of senior notes may accelerate payment of the principal and accrued and unpaid interest on the senior notes only upon the occurrence and continuation of an event of default. An event of default generally is limited to payment defaults, breaches of specific covenants and specific events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization relating to us.

 

The secondary market for the units may be illiquid.

 

We are unable to predict how the units will trade in the secondary market or whether that market will be liquid or illiquid. There is currently no secondary market for the units. Although we have been approved for listing of the normal units on the NYSE, we have no obligation or current intention to apply for any separate listing of the stripped units or the senior notes on any stock exchange. A liquid market may not develop for the normal units, the stripped units or the senior notes, and your ability to sell such securities may be limited. In addition, in the event that sufficient numbers of normal units are converted to stripped units, the liquidity of normal units could be adversely affected. It is possible that the normal units, and the stripped units or senior notes if they are ever listed, could be delisted from the NYSE or that trading in the normal units, stripped units or senior notes could be suspended as a result of elections to create stripped units or recreate normal units through the substitution of collateral that causes the number of these securities to fall below the applicable requirements for listing securities on the NYSE.

 

Delivery of the securities under the pledge agreement is subject to potential delay if we become subject to a bankruptcy proceeding.

 

Notwithstanding the automatic termination of the purchase contracts, if Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance becomes the subject of a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, the imposition of an automatic stay under Section 362 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code may delay the delivery to you of your securities being held as collateral under the pledge arrangement, and the delay may continue until the automatic stay has been lifted. The automatic stay will not be lifted until such time as the bankruptcy judge agrees to lift it and allows your collateral to be returned to you. Similarly, if Lazard Ltd becomes the subject of winding-up proceedings under the Companies Act, a delay may result from the automatic stay of proceedings against Lazard Ltd and may continue until the court decides to lift the stay.

 

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Lazard Group Finance may redeem the senior notes at its option upon the occurrence of a special event.

 

Lazard Group Finance may, at its option, redeem the senior notes, on not less than 30 days’ nor more than 60 days’ prior written notice, in whole but not in part, at any time if a special event occurs and continues under the circumstances described in this prospectus. See “Description of the Senior Notes—Special Event Redemption.” If this option is exercised, the senior notes will be redeemed at the redemption price described in this prospectus. If the senior notes are redeemed, Lazard Group Finance will pay the redemption price in cash to the holders of ownership interests in the senior notes. If a special event redemption occurs prior to the earlier of the stock purchase date or a successful remarketing of the senior notes, the redemption price payable to you as a holder of the normal units will be distributed to the collateral agent, who in turn will apply an amount equal to the redemption price to purchase a portfolio of zero coupon U.S. treasury securities on your behalf, and will remit the remainder of the redemption price, if any, to you, and these treasury securities will be substituted for the senior notes as collateral to secure your obligations under the purchase contracts related to the normal units. If your senior notes are not components of normal units, you, rather than the collateral agent, will receive the related redemption payments. A special event redemption will be a taxable event to the holders of the senior notes.

 

Because Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance are each holding companies with no operations of their own, Lazard Group Finance’s obligations under the senior notes and Lazard Ltd’s obligations under the purchase contracts are effectively subordinated to the debt and other obligations of their respective subsidiaries.

 

Both Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance are holding companies with no operations of their own. Lazard Ltd’s ability to pay its obligations under the purchase contracts is dependent upon its ability to obtain cash dividends or other cash payments or loans from its subsidiaries. Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and will have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any dividends or make any other distributions to Lazard Ltd. In addition, Lazard Group Finance will use the proceeds from this offering to purchase notes from Lazard Group. The Lazard Group notes and its controlling voting interest in Lazard Group likely will be Lazard Group Finance’s only material assets. As a result, the ability of Lazard Group Finance to pay its obligations under the senior notes depends on its ability to obtain interest and principal payments on the Lazard Group notes. Various financing arrangements, charter provisions and regulatory requirements may impose restrictions on the abilities of Lazard Ltd’s and Lazard Group Finance’s subsidiaries to transfer funds to Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance, respectively, in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances.

 

In addition, because Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance are holding companies, except to the extent that Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance has priority or equal claims against its subsidiaries as a creditor (as in the case of the Lazard Group notes), Lazard Group Finance’s obligations under the senior notes and Lazard Ltd’s obligations under the purchase contracts will be effectively subordinated to the debt and other obligations of their respective subsidiaries because, as the stockholders of their subsidiaries, they will be subject to the prior claims of creditors of their subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma basis, there was approximately $1.7 billion of liabilities and other obligations, including certain minority interests (other than intercompany liabilities and obligations), of subsidiaries of Lazard Group that would have ranked senior to the senior notes and the Lazard Group notes as a result of this structural subordination.

 

Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group may be able to incur substantially more indebtedness.

 

Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group may be able to incur substantially more indebtedness, including secured debt that would effectively rank senior, as to the assets securing such debts, to Lazard Ltd’s obligations under the purchase contracts and Lazard Group’s obligations under the Lazard Group

 

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notes. There are no provisions applicable to the senior notes or the Lazard Group notes that limit the amount of additional indebtedness that Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group may incur, whether or not in connection with a change in control. Any material deterioration in the financial condition of Lazard Group would adversely affect Lazard Group Finance’s ability to make interest payments on and to repay the principal amount of the senior notes and also may make it more difficult to remarket the senior notes successfully. Unless the purchase contracts are terminated because of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, on the stock purchase date Lazard Ltd will issue the required number of shares notwithstanding any decline in value of the senior notes included in the normal units.

 

Lazard Ltd may defer contract adjustment payments.

 

Lazard Ltd has the option to defer the payment of all or part of the contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts forming a part of the units until no later than the stock purchase date. However, deferred contract adjustment payments will accrue additional contract adjustment payments at the rate of           % per year (compounded quarterly) until paid. If the purchase contracts are terminated due to our bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the right to receive contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments, if any, also will terminate.

 

We may be unable to repay the senior notes.

 

At maturity, the entire outstanding principal amount of any outstanding senior notes will become due and payable by Lazard Group Finance. Lazard Group Finance may not have sufficient funds or may be unable to arrange for additional financing to pay the principal amount due. Any future borrowing arrangements or agreements relating to senior debt to which we become a party may contain restrictions on, or prohibitions against, the repayment of the senior notes (or the Lazard Group notes). In the event that the maturity date occurs at a time when we are prohibited from repaying the senior notes (or the Lazard Group notes), we could attempt to obtain the consent of the lenders under those arrangements to purchase the senior notes or we could attempt to refinance the borrowings that contain the restrictions. If we do not obtain the necessary consents or refinance these borrowings, we will be unable to repay the senior notes. In that case, our failure to repay the senior notes at maturity would constitute an event of default under the indenture. Any such default, in turn, may cause a default under the terms of our other indebtedness some of which may rank or may effectively rank senior to the senior notes.

 

The IRS could disagree with our U.S. federal income tax characterization of the normal units.

 

Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz is of the opinion that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the senior notes and the purchase contracts will be treated as separate securities, the purchase contracts will be treated as forward contracts to purchase shares of our common stock and the senior notes will be treated as debt instruments of Lazard Group. However, because opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, the IRS may challenge such conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge. If the IRS were to successfully challenge our characterization of the normal units, the IRS’s recharacterization could adversely affect the amount, timing or character of the income, gain or loss you recognize with respect to our normal units. You are urged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the tax consequences of an investment in our normal units.

 

The trading price of the senior notes may not fully reflect the value of their accrued and unpaid interest.

 

The senior notes may trade at a price that does not fully reflect the value of their accrued but unpaid interest. If you dispose of your senior notes between record dates for interest payments, you will be required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes accrued interest through the date of disposition as ordinary income.

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

We have made statements under the captions “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” and in other sections of this prospectus that are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential” or “continue,” and the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements, which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance based on our growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events. There are important factors that could cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. In particular, you should consider the numerous risks and uncertainties outlined in “Risk Factors.”

 

These risks and uncertainties are not exhaustive. Other sections of this prospectus may include additional factors which could adversely impact our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for our management to predict all risks and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

 

Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, level of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We are under no duty to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus to conform our prior statements to actual results or revised expectations and we do not intend to do so.

 

Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

  Ÿ   our business’ possible or assumed future results of operations and operating cash flows,

 

  Ÿ   our business’ strategies and investment policies,

 

  Ÿ   our business’ financing plans and the availability of short-term borrowing,

 

  Ÿ   our business’ competitive position,

 

  Ÿ   potential growth opportunities available to our business,

 

  Ÿ   the recruitment and retention of our managing directors and employees,

 

  Ÿ   our expected levels of compensation,

 

  Ÿ   our business’ potential operating performance, achievements, productivity improvements, efficiency and cost reduction efforts,

 

  Ÿ   the likelihood of success and impact of litigation,

 

  Ÿ   our expected tax rate,

 

  Ÿ   changes in interest and tax rates,

 

  Ÿ   our expectation with respect to the economy, securities markets, the market for mergers and acquisitions activity, the market for asset management activity and other industry trends,

 

  Ÿ   the benefits to our business resulting from the effects of the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering and the additional financing transactions,

 

  Ÿ   the effects of competition on our business, and

 

  Ÿ   the impact of future legislation and regulation on our business.

 

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THE SEPARATION AND RECAPITALIZATION TRANSACTIONS AND

THE LAZARD ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

 

Pursuant to the series of transactions to be undertaken in connection with the separation and recapitalization, Lazard Ltd will acquire control over the operations and management of Lazard Group, including our business. These transactions, as well as the organizational structure of Lazard giving effect to these transactions and this offering, are described below.

 

Because one of the primary purposes of this offering, the additional financing transactions and the proposed restructuring of Lazard’s operations is to facilitate the redemption of the interests of the historical partners, the representatives of the historical partners on the Lazard Group board of directors do not intend to and will not take any action with respect to these matters. Accordingly, we expect to obtain Lazard Group board approval of these matters on the closing date of this offering after representatives of the historical partners on the Lazard Group board of directors have resigned from the board of directors. The completion of this offering will not occur unless a Lazard Group board approval is obtained.

 

We expect that the directors of Lazard Group that are not resigning will agree, subject to their fiduciary duties, to support and approve the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering, prior to or simultaneously with the execution of the underwriting agreement relating to this offering. The final determination as to the completion, timing, structure and terms of these transactions and this offering will be based on financial and business considerations and prevailing market conditions. Pursuant to the master separation agreement that we intend to enter into regarding the separation and recapitalization transactions, Lazard Group has the sole discretion to determine whether or not to complete these transactions and this offering and, if it decides to complete these transactions, the timing of this offering.

 

The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions

 

The Separation

 

Lazard Group currently conducts our business and the separated businesses through its subsidiaries. Prior to the closing of this offering, Lazard Group will transfer the separated businesses from Lazard Group to LFCM Holdings. The separated businesses consist of:

 

  Ÿ   all of Lazard Group’s capital markets business, comprised of its equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, other than the capital markets activities of LFB in France,

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group’s merchant banking fund management activities other than its existing merchant banking business in France, and

 

  Ÿ   specified non-operating assets and liabilities.

 

It is our intention that, immediately after the separation, LFCM Holdings will have $245 million of members’ equity. After the separation, Lazard Group will prepare a balance sheet setting forth the members’ equity of LFCM Holdings as of the separation. If that amount of members’ equity exceeds the target of $245 million of members’ equity, LFCM Holdings will pay to Lazard Group an amount of cash equal to the excess, and if that amount is less than the target, Lazard Group will pay to LFCM Holdings an amount of cash equal to the shortfall.

 

This separation will be effected by, among other things, forming LAZ-MD Holdings as the new holding company for Lazard Group, placing the separated businesses into LFCM Holdings and distributing all of the interests in LFCM Holdings to LAZ-MD Holdings. Lazard Group will retain all of our businesses, consisting primarily of our Financial Advisory and Asset Management businesses. In addition, Lazard Group will be granted options to acquire the North American and European merchant

 

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banking businesses of LFCM Holdings pursuant to the business alliance agreement. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Business Alliance Agreement.” Immediately after the separation, all of the persons who were members of Lazard Group prior to the formation will be members of LAZ-MD Holdings and will cease to hold any membership interests in Lazard Group, all of which will be held by LAZ-MD Holdings. After the recapitalization is completed, LAZ-MD Holdings will then distribute all of the LFCM Holdings interests to its members, such that after this distribution, LFCM Holdings will be wholly-owned by the working members, including our managing directors who are members of LAZ-MD Holdings. As part of the capitalization of LFCM Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings expects to hold notes of LFCM Holdings in an aggregate principal amount of approximately $132 million, which we expect will be convertible into equity of LFCM Holdings.

 

The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group

 

In connection with the separation, LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group will effect a recapitalization of their companies. The recapitalization has three principal parts—this offering and the additional financing transactions, the redemption of the historical partner interests and redeemable preferred stock and the issuance of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests.

 

This Offering and the Additional Financing Transactions

 

This offering is part of the recapitalization. We will use approximately $241 million of net proceeds from this offering to acquire the Lazard Group notes. Lazard Group will use the proceeds from the acquisition of Lazard Group notes by Lazard Group Finance as described below in “—The Redemption of the Historical Partners’ Interests” and “Use of Proceeds.”

 

In addition to this offering, we intend to complete the additional financing transactions, which consist of the equity public offering, the debt offering and the investments pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement, and we expect such additional financing transactions to result in estimated net proceeds of approximately $1.7 billion. The completion of the additional financing transactions, and this offering will be conditioned upon the completion of each of the other financings. None of this offering, the equity public offering or the debt offering, however, is conditioned upon the completion of the transactions contemplated by the IXIS investment agreement.

 

Concurrently with this offering, we will offer, by means of a separate prospectus, Class A common stock for an aggregate offering amount of $792 million, plus an additional $119 million if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock is exercised in full.

 

Also concurrently with this offering, we are privately placing senior notes to be issued by Lazard Group for an aggregate offering amount of $650 million. The Lazard Group senior notes are being offered only to qualified institutional buyers in an offering exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. See “Description of Indebtedness—Lazard Group Senior Notes.”

 

We have entered into an investment agreement with IXIS as part of the additional financing transactions. Under the investment agreement, IXIS has agreed to purchase an aggregate of $200 million of securities concurrently with this offering, $150 million of which will be securities that are the same as the equity security units and $50 million of which will be shares of our common stock. See “Business—Principal Business Lines—Financial Advisory—Relationship with IXIS.”

 

The Redemption of the Historical Partners’ Interests

 

Lazard Group currently has three general classes of membership interests:

 

  Ÿ   the working member interests, which are owned by working members and consist of capital and the right to participate in profit and goodwill of Lazard Group,

 

  Ÿ   the historical partner interests, which are owned by the historical partners and consist of capital and the right to participate in profit and goodwill of Lazard Group, and

 

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  Ÿ   the mandatorily redeemable preferred interests, which are owned by certain of the historical partners and consist of the right to a preferred dividend of 8% per annum and a fixed liquidation amount.

 

In general, “capital” represents amounts invested in Lazard Group by its members and is subject to repayment at a fixed amount equal to its par value upon the occurrence of fundamental corporate events involving Lazard Group, such as a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Lazard Group, and under selected other circumstances. The right to participate in goodwill represents the right to share in the net proceeds of fundamental corporate events, after payment of creditors, repayment of the liquidation amount of the preferred interest and the return of capital. The right to participate in profit represents the right to share generally in Lazard Group’s profits and losses, other than in connection with these fundamental corporate events.

 

The historical partner interests generally are entitled to approximately 36.1% of the profits and 44.4% of the goodwill, with the working member interests entitled to the remaining profit and goodwill. The historical partner interests are entitled to approximately $585 million of capital and the working member interests generally are entitled to approximately $132 million of capital, in each case as of December 31, 2004. The amount of capital associated with a historical partner interest or a working member interest primarily reflects the total cash and other property contributed by the member to Lazard Group in respect of that interest, less any return of capital, and as adjusted to reflect the allocation of any gains or losses of Lazard Group in respect of that interest and as further positively adjusted from time to time to reflect the revaluation of our business for internal capital account measurement purposes only. Such revaluation is not reflected in our consolidated statement of financial condition. The preferred interests have an aggregate liquidation amount of $100 million. See the table below for information regarding historical partner interests.

 

In recent years, in connection with the retention of our new management team and in an effort to reinvest in the intellectual capital of our business, Lazard Group invested significant amounts in the recruitment and retention of senior professionals. This investment resulted in less short-term cash being distributed in respect of the historical partner interests. This led to a divergence of interests concerning the management and future direction of the business. In order to better align the interests of all owners of Lazard and to better position it to capitalize on its long-term strategic goals, the proceeds of this offering and the additional financings will be used primarily to redeem the historical partner interests and preferred interests.

 

As part of the recapitalization transactions, historical partner interests and preferred interests generally will be redeemed for cash. The following table illustrates the redemption price to be paid in respect of the historical partner interests and preferred interests upon the consummation of the offering:

 

     Redemption Price by Class of Interests Held

     Historical Partner Interests

    

Historical Partner Group


   Capital

   Profit/Good-
will Rights


   Preferred
Interests


   Aggregate
Redemption Price


     ($ in millions)

Founding families, including former chairman Michel David-Weill, and Eurazeo S.A.

   $ 564.7    $ 898.3    $ 99.1    $ 1,562.1

Other former working members

     7.5      11.1      0.8      19.4

Bruce Wasserstein (1)

     11.9      21.0      —        32.9

Other current working members

     0.8      1.1      0.1      2.0
    

  

  

  

Total

   $ 584.9    $ 931.5    $ 100.0    $ 1,616.4
    

  

  

  


(1) Mr. Wasserstein, who owns substantially all of the historical partner interests held by current working members, has elected to exchange his historical partner interest for shares of our common stock.

 

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As indicated above, some of the working members also hold historical partner interests. This means that in addition to their working member interests, nine current managing directors of Lazard Group, including Mr. Wasserstein, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and 19 of our former managing directors who will become managing directors of LFCM Holdings, also hold historical partner interests. Mr. Wasserstein purchased his historical partner interest from an affiliate of Michel David-Weill in connection with his retention as the Head of Lazard and Chairman of the Executive Committee in January 2002.

 

Mr. Wasserstein, who owns substantially all of the historical partner interests held by current working members, will exchange his historical partner interests for shares of our common stock. Mr. Wasserstein will be entitled to receive the number of shares of our common stock (valued at the price per share in the equity public offering) equal in value to $32.9 million, the amount that Mr. Wasserstein would have been entitled to receive in cash in the redemption. The exchange of these historical partner interests for shares of our common stock will be effected by Mr. Wasserstein contributing his historical partner interests to a newly formed corporation, and then exchanging the shares of that corporation with Lazard Ltd for shares of our common stock.

 

Immediately after the redemption and the completion of this offering, Lazard Group common membership interests will be held only by LAZ-MD Holdings and by us, and LAZ-MD Holdings will be owned by working members.

 

Exchange of Working Member Interests for LAZ-MD Holdings Interests

 

In connection with the formation of LAZ-MD Holdings, the working member interests will be exchanged with LAZ-MD Holdings for limited liability company interests in LAZ-MD Holdings. Each holder of a working member interest at the time of the separation and recapitalization transactions will receive, in exchange for his or her working member interest, a redeemable capital interest in LAZ-MD Holdings consisting of an equivalent amount of capital of LAZ-MD Holdings, an exchangeable interest in LAZ-MD Holdings and, if applicable, a right to receive distributions from LAZ-MD Holdings, as described below. After the separation and recapitalization transactions, the former holders of working member interests will hold all of the limited liability company interests in LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests

 

In exchange for the portion of the working member interest representing the right to participate in goodwill, LAZ-MD Holdings will issue to the holder exchangeable limited liability company interests in LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

The LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will be effectively exchangeable on a one-for-one basis for a share of our common stock. These LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests are, at the working member’s election, effectively exchangeable for shares of our common stock on the eighth anniversary of this offering. In addition, the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by our working members who continue to provide services to us or LFCM Holdings pursuant to the retention agreements will, subject to certain conditions, generally be effectively exchangeable for shares of our common stock in equal increments on and after each of the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of this offering. In addition, between the first and third anniversaries of this offering, a limited number of our managing directors will be entitled to exchange a portion of their LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in connection with their anticipated future retirement from us. LAZ-MD Holdings and certain of Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries (through which the exchanges will be effected), with the approval of our board of directors, also have the right to cause the holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests to exchange all such remaining interests during the 30-day period following the ninth anniversary of this offering. Pursuant to the master separation agreement, each of LAZ-MD Holdings

 

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and our subsidiaries that hold Lazard Ltd’s Lazard Group common membership interest directly, upon the approval of our board of directors, will have the ability to accelerate the exchangeability of these LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.” As these exchanges are effected, Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries generally will receive directly from the former holders of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests the Lazard Group common membership interests underlying the exchanged LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests formerly held by LAZ-MD Holdings, and the voting power of LAZ-MD Holdings’ Class B common stock will adjust on a proportionate basis so as to maintain LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting power in Lazard Ltd at the level of its interest in Lazard Group common membership interests, subject to the minimum vote requirements for the Class B common stock set forth in our bye-laws. Upon full exchange of all LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock, LAZ-MD Holdings’ Class B common stock would cease to be outstanding, and all of the Lazard Group common membership interests formerly owned by LAZ-MD Holdings would be owned indirectly by Lazard Ltd.

 

Each of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group has the right to cause the exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by a member into the underlying Lazard Group common membership interests, in which case the former LAZ-MD Holdings member would hold the Lazard Group common membership interest directly. If LAZ-MD Holdings or Lazard Group exercises that right, the Lazard Group common membership interest received in the exchange would continue to be exchangeable for shares of our common stock at the same time, and on the same terms and conditions, as the exchanged LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest, the voting power of the Class B common stock would not be reduced to reflect the exchange until that Lazard Group common membership interest is further exchanged for shares of our common stock, and the person holding the Lazard Group common membership interests would retain the right to instruct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote the portion of the Class B common stock’s voting power that is associated with that Lazard Group common membership interest on an as-if-exchanged basis. On or prior to the third anniversary of this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings intends to cause the exchange to Lazard Group common membership interests of all LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by members of LAZ-MD Holdings for whom the exchange into Lazard Group common membership interests will not give rise to significant tax consequences in order to address potential Investment Company Act concerns raised by LAZ-MD Holdings’ holdings of Lazard Group common membership interests. The Lazard Group common membership interests would continue to be exchangeable into shares of our common stock as described above.

 

Right to Receive Distributions

 

The former holders of working member interests who were managing directors of our business or the business of LFCM Holdings at the time of the separation and whose working member interests included the right to receive profits will receive a right to receive distributions in LAZ-MD Holdings. They will retain this right generally so long as they continue to be current managing directors of our business or the business of LFCM Holdings. Assuming they still retain this right, pursuant to this distribution right, the holder may receive distributions from LAZ-MD Holdings in respect of income taxes that the holder incurs as a result of LAZ-MD Holdings holding Lazard Group common membership interests. In addition, so long as they continue to be managing directors of our business or the business of LFCM Holdings, the holder may receive distributions after the third anniversary of the offering that are intended to give the holder an amount equal to the dividend that the holder would have received if the holder had exchanged his or her entire LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest for shares of our common stock at that time, unless the holder has surrendered this LAZ-MD Holdings distribution right. For a further discussion of these distributions, see “—Lazard Ownership Structure after the Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—Distribution by Lazard Group with Respect to Lazard Group Common Membership Interests” below.

 

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LAZ-MD Holdings Redeemable Capital

 

In addition, working members who had capital underlying their working member interests at Lazard Group prior to the separation will hold equivalent amounts of redeemable capital and rights at LAZ-MD Holdings. The aggregate amount of LAZ-MD Holdings redeemable capital and rights will be equal to the aggregate amount of working member capital interests and rights at the time of the separation and will not increase after the separation. As of December 31, 2004, the total amount of capital interests and rights in respect of working member interests was approximately $132 million, $110 million of which related to the interest of ongoing managing directors of Lazard Group. Pursuant to the terms of the retention agreements with our managing directors and the managing directors of LFCM Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings has agreed to redeem the signing persons’ capital interests and rights in four equal installments on each of the first four anniversaries of this offering. Accordingly, the operating agreement provides for the redemption of all of the LAZ-MD Holdings redeemable capital in equal amounts on each of these dates. In addition, Lazard Group has the right to accelerate the fourth and final redemption payment by up to 12 months, such that the fourth payment could be made at any time between the third and fourth anniversaries of this offering. The redemption of these capital interests will be funded by cash available to LAZ-MD Holdings, which may include a portion of the net proceeds of this offering and the additional financing transactions and from distributions to LAZ-MD Holdings in respect of its Lazard Group common membership interests.

 

General

 

We expect that, immediately following the recapitalization, our managing directors who are members of LAZ-MD Holdings will collectively hold approximately 89.2% of the outstanding LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and $110 million of the $132 million of redeemable capital interests and rights, with the balance of such interests held by former managing directors of Lazard Group or managing directors who will become managing directors of LFCM Holdings. Assuming that all such LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests were exchangeable and were fully exchanged, immediately following this offering, our managing directors would hold 59,147,548 shares of our common stock, representing approximately 59.1% of our outstanding common stock.

 

Lazard Ownership Structure After the Separation and Recapitalization Transactions

 

Immediately after this offering and the recapitalization, we will hold 33,653,846 Lazard Group common membership interests, representing approximately 33.7% of the outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests. We will hold our Lazard Group common membership interests through two or more direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. One of those subsidiaries will be a Delaware corporation that will own a majority of our Lazard Group common membership interests. Following this offering, our only material business will be to hold these interests and to act indirectly as the managing member of Lazard Group. As a result of our controlling interest in Lazard Group, we will consolidate Lazard Group’s financial results.

 

Immediately after this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings will hold the Class B common stock, representing approximately 66.3% of the voting power of our company. On matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, the Class B common stock generally will vote together with our common stock. Pursuant to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, LAZ-MD Holdings will agree to vote its Class B common stock on any matter involving the vote or consent of our stockholders in accordance with the instructions of its members, with each member that is party to the agreement entitled to instruct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote the portion of the Class B common stock’s voting power that is associated with his or her then-outstanding LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests on an as-if-exchanged basis, subject to the ability of the LAZ-MD Holdings board of directors to vote the voting interest represented by the Class B common stock in its discretion if the LAZ-MD Holdings’ board of directors determines that it is in the best interests of LAZ-MD Holdings. For example, if a working

 

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member’s LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests were exchangeable for 1,000 shares of our common stock, that working member would be able to instruct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote 1,000 of the votes represented by the Class B common stock. In order to seek to avoid the possibility that LAZ-MD Holdings would be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the Investment Company Act, the voting power of our outstanding Class B common stock will, however, represent no less than 50.1% of the voting power of our company until December 31, 2007. The votes under the Class B common stock that are associated with any working member who does not sign the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, or with any working member who signs but does not direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote on a particular matter, will be abstained from voting. Accordingly, only working members that are party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement who direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote will determine how LAZ-MD Holdings votes the Class B common stock on a particular matter. As a result, the working members, together with LAZ-MD Holdings, will be able to initially control the election of Lazard Ltd’s directors. For a further discussion, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.” Information concerning ownership by our executive officers and directors is described under “Principal Stockholders.” LAZ-MD Holdings will be managed by a board of directors selected from our current managing directors. The holders of LAZ-MD Holdings’ exchangeable interests will generally have the power to remove directors and appoint replacement directors of LAZ-MD Holdings. Any member of the LAZ-MD Holdings board of directors must be a current managing director of our company in order to serve in such director position.

 

Immediately after this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings also will hold approximately 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests, with the remaining Lazard Group common membership interests held by Lazard Ltd through direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. Following this offering, LAZ-MD Holdings’ membership interests in Lazard Group will be accounted for as a minority interest in our financial statements. LAZ-MD Holdings will not have any voting rights in respect of its Lazard Group common membership interests, other than limited consent rights concerning amendments to the terms of its Lazard Group common membership interests.

 

We also intend to grant participatory interests in Lazard Group to certain of our current and future managing directors in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, which are described under “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—Participatory Interests in Lazard Group.”

 

Lazard Ltd will be structured as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, although Lazard Ltd will be organized as a company under Bermuda law. We intend to operate our business in a manner that does not result in the allocation of any income or deductible expenses to our stockholders, other than amounts that we distribute to our stockholders.

 

The graphic below illustrates the expected ownership structure of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group after completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions. It does not reflect the various minority interests of, or subsidiaries held by, Lazard Group and LAZ-MD Holdings, the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option or the results of any exchange of Lazard Group common membership interests for our common stock. As a result, the LAM equity units granted by LAM to its managing directors and employees are not reflected. In addition, it does not include the separated businesses, which will be separated from Lazard Group in the separation. After the completion of the separation, LFCM Holdings will be wholly-owned by the working members, including our managing directors.

 

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The “Public Stockholders” captions on the graphics below include shares of common stock that will be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement and the shares of our common stock to be issued to our Chief Executive Officer in respect of his historical partner interests pursuant to the redemption, and the “Holders of Equity Security Units” caption includes the securities issued in the IXIS ESU placement.

 

Expected Ownership Structure Immediately After Completion

of the Separation and Recapitalization Transactions

 

LOGO


* Lazard Ltd will hold its common membership interests in Lazard Group through direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries and will hold its controlling interest in Lazard Group through a managing member position in an entity that is the managing member of Lazard Group.

 

Lazard Group common membership interests issued to LAZ-MD Holdings will be effectively exchangeable from time to time after this offering for shares of our common stock on a one-for-one basis pursuant to an exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock. As these exchanges for shares of our common stock are effected, the voting power of LAZ-MD Holdings’ Class B common stock will be reduced on a proportionate basis so as to maintain LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting power in Lazard Ltd at the level of its interest in Lazard Group common membership interests. The voting power of our outstanding Class B common stock will, however, represent no less than 50.1% of the voting power of our company until December 31, 2007. Assuming full exchange of the Lazard Group common membership interests that LAZ-MD Holdings holds immediately after the closing of this offering, all of our outstanding common stock would be held by

 

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persons who acquire such shares in this offering and our working members. LAZ-MD Holdings and certain of our subsidiaries through which the exchanges will be effected, with the consent of the Lazard Ltd board of directors, have the right to cause the holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests, and holders of Lazard Group common membership interests formerly held by LAZ-MD Holdings, to exchange all such remaining interests during the 30-day period following the ninth anniversary of this offering.

 

We expect that Lazard Ltd will be operated as a holding company for Lazard Group common membership interests on behalf of our stockholders. In order to maintain Lazard Ltd’s economic interest in Lazard Group, any net proceeds received by us from any subsequent issuances of shares of our common stock generally will be contributed to Lazard Group in exchange for Lazard Group common membership interests in equal number to such number of shares of our common stock.

 

The graphic below illustrates the expected pro forma ownership structure of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group immediately after this offering assuming the exchange of all LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests occurred.

 

Expected Ownership Structure After Full Exchange

 

LOGO


* Lazard Ltd will hold its common membership interests in Lazard Group through direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries and will hold its controlling interest in Lazard Group through a managing member position in an entity that is the managing member of Lazard Group.

 

As discussed above, after completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, LFCM Holdings will be a separate company that is owned by the working members and will hold the separated businesses.

 

 

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Distributions by Lazard Group with Respect to Lazard Group Common Membership Interests

 

Lazard Group distributions in respect of Lazard Group common membership interests will be allocated to holders of Lazard Group common membership interests on a pro rata basis. As we will hold 33.7% of the outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests immediately after this offering, we will receive approximately 33.7% of the aggregate distributions in respect of the Lazard Group common membership interests.

 

After this offering, Lazard Group intends to make pro rata distributions to holders of Lazard Group common membership interests in order to fund any dividends we may declare on our common stock. Accordingly, LAZ-MD Holdings also will receive equivalent amounts pro rata based on its Lazard Group ownership interests. LAZ-MD Holdings initially expects to use its share of these distributions, along with other cash resources, to fund LAZ-MD Holdings’ obligation to redeem its capital interests over time pursuant to the terms of the retention agreements with our managing directors and the managing directors of LFCM Holdings and for general corporate purposes. However, after the third anniversary of this offering, pursuant to the terms of the retention agreements with our managing directors and the managing directors of LFCM Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings will, subject to the terms of LAZ-MD Holdings’ operating agreement and the determination of its board of directors, distribute an allocable share of these distributions to then-current managing directors of our and LAZ-MD Holdings’ businesses who were managing directors at the time of this offering. These distributions by LAZ-MD Holdings are intended to give those managing directors an amount equal to the dividend they would have received had they exchanged their entire LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock at that time.

 

In addition, Lazard Group intends to make pro rata distributions to Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries and LAZ-MD Holdings in respect of income taxes Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries and the members of LAZ-MD Holdings incur as a result of holding Lazard Group common membership interests based on an effective tax rate that Lazard Group will calculate. This effective tax rate will be the higher of the effective income and franchise tax rate applicable to Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries that hold the Lazard Group common membership interests and the weighted average income tax rate (based on income allocated) applicable to LAZ-MD Holdings’ members, determined in accordance with LAZ-MD Holdings’ operating agreement. LAZ-MD Holdings will use these distributions to make distributions to its members in respect of income taxes that those members incur as a result of LAZ-MD Holdings holding Lazard Group common membership interests. As we anticipate that the weighted average tax rate applicable to LAZ-MD Holdings’ members will exceed the rate applicable to Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries, we expect that distributions to Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries will exceed taxes actually payable by those subsidiaries. Immediately prior to the third anniversary of the consummation of this offering, and for each period during which such excess cash is outstanding thereafter, we expect to issue dividends to our stockholders of this excess amount.

 

In the event that LAZ-MD Holdings shall cause the exchange of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for Lazard Group common membership interests, the terms of the Lazard Group common membership interests held by any former member of LAZ-MD Holdings who was so forced to exchange will mirror the distribution rights that such person would have received had he or she continued to hold the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests.

 

Except as described above, we do not expect that Lazard Group will make any distributions in respect of Lazard Group common membership interests after this offering. However, this policy is subject to change as described in “Dividend Policy.”

 

You should read “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Separation,” “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” and “Description of Capital Stock” for additional information about our corporate structure and the risks posed by the structure.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The net proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions will ultimately be used by Lazard Group primarily to redeem membership interests held by the historical partners for an aggregate redemption price of approximately $1.6 billion, as described in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.” In addition, approximately $83 million of additional net proceeds will be transferred to LAZ-MD Holdings and approximately $67 million will be transferred to LFCM Holdings. These funds will be available to fund the operating requirements of the separated businesses, as well as LAZ-MD Holdings’ obligation to redeem its capital interests over time pursuant to the terms of the retention agreements with our managing directors and the managing directors of LFCM Holdings and for general corporate purposes. The remaining amount of net proceeds, including any net proceeds that may be received as a result of the exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option, will be retained by Lazard Group for its general corporate purposes, including the expected repayment of $50 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011 issued by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Group.

 

Based upon an initial public offering price of $25.00 per equity security unit, we estimate that we will receive net proceeds from this offering of approximately $241 million (or $278 million if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable in connection with this offering. See “Underwriting.”

 

The net proceeds from this offering will be used by Lazard Group to acquire $250 million of Lazard Group senior, unsecured notes, and Lazard Group will apply such proceeds as described above.

 

The following table illustrates the aggregate sources and uses of proceeds relating to this offering and the additional financing transactions, assuming the underwriters’ over-allotment option is not exercised in the offerings, and the recapitalization.

 

Sources of Proceeds


  

Uses of Proceeds


($ in thousands)

Common stock issued pursuant to the
equity public offering

   $ 792,079   

Redemption of historical interests(a)

   $ 1,616,411

Common stock issued pursuant to the
IXIS investment agreement

     50,000   

Repay 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011

     50,000

Cashless exchange of historical interests for common stock

     32,921   

Capitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and
LFCM Holdings

     150,000

Equity security units issued pursuant to this offering

     250,000   

Estimated transaction fees and expenses

     83,000

Equity security units issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement

     150,000            

Lazard Group senior notes

     650,000            

Exchange of long-term investments as a portion of redemption consideration

     41,140   

Retained cash

     66,729
    

       

Total

 

   $ 1,966,140    Total    $ 1,966,140
    

       


(a) Includes exchange of certain long-term investments as a portion of redemption consideration and the cashless exchange of the historical partner interests of our Chief Executive Officer for common stock.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

 

Lazard Ltd has not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common equity since our inception. Subject to compliance with applicable law, Lazard Ltd currently intends to declare quarterly dividends on all outstanding shares of Lazard Ltd common stock and expects its initial quarterly dividend to be approximately $0.09 per share, payable in respect of the second quarter of 2005 (to be prorated for the portion of that quarter following the closing of the equity public offering). The Class B common stock will not be entitled to dividend rights.

 

The declaration of this and any other dividends and, if declared, the amount of any such dividend, will be subject to the actual future earnings, cash flow and capital requirements of Lazard Ltd company, the amount of distributions to Lazard Ltd from Lazard Group and the discretion of our board of directors. Lazard Ltd’s board of directors will take into account:

 

  Ÿ   general economic and business conditions,

 

  Ÿ   the financial results of our company and Lazard Group,

 

  Ÿ   capital requirements of Lazard Ltd company and its subsidiaries (including Lazard Group),

 

  Ÿ   contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by Lazard Ltd to its stockholders or by Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries (including Lazard Group) to Lazard Ltd, and

 

  Ÿ   such other factors as Lazard Ltd’s board of directors may deem relevant.

 

Lazard Ltd is a holding company and have no direct operations. As a result, Lazard Ltd will depend upon distributions from Lazard Group to pay any dividends. Lazard Ltd expects to cause Lazard Group to pay distributions to Lazard Ltd in order to fund any such dividends, subject to applicable law and the other considerations discussed above. In addition, as managing directors and other members of LAZ-MD Holdings convert their interests into shares of Lazard Ltd common stock, they also will have a proportionate interest in the excess cash held by Lazard Ltd to the extent that Lazard Ltd retains excess cash balances or acquires additional assets with excess cash balances. For a discussion of Lazard Group’s intended distribution policy, see “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.” Further, except under specific circumstances, the declaration and payment of dividends will be prohibited if certain contract adjustment payments in respect of the equity security units are deferred. See “Description of the Equity Security Units—Option to Defer Contract Adjustment Payments.”

 

Additionally, Lazard Ltd is subject to Bermuda legal constraints that may affect its ability to pay dividends on Lazard Ltd common stock and make other payments. Under the Companies Act, Lazard Ltd may declare or pay a dividend out of distributable reserves only if Lazard Ltd has reasonable grounds for believing that it is, or would after the payment be, able to pay its liabilities as they become due and if the realizable value of its assets would thereby not be less than the aggregate of its liabilities and issued share capital and share premium accounts.

 

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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

 

The following table sets forth the ratio of earnings to fixed charges and the pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges for Lazard Group and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

 

The pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges was derived from our audited financial statements and was prepared as if the separation and recapitalization transactions had occurred on January 1, 2004. The pro forma ratio to fixed charges is illustrative only and does not purport to represent what the ratio of earnings to fixed charges actually would have been had the separation and recapitalization transactions occurred on the date indicated or what Lazard Group’s future performance will be. The pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges gives pro forma effect to a number of items including the following:

 

  Ÿ   The separation, which is described in more detail in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors, which, as a result of Lazard Group operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as employee compensation and benefits expense. As a result, Lazard Group’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   The use of proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The net incremental expense related to this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

For purposes of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges and pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges:

 

  Ÿ   historical earnings for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 represent income before distributions for services rendered by managing directors and employee members of LAM,

 

  Ÿ   earnings on a pro forma basis for the year ended December 31, 2004 represent income before income taxes and minority interest, and

 

  Ÿ   fixed charges represent the interest expense and the portion of rental expense which represents an appropriate interest factor.

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,

   For the Year
Ended
December 31, 2004


     2000

   2001

   2002

   2003

   2004

   Pro Forma

Ratio of earnings to fixed charges

   1.75    1.66    5.79    6.68    5.83    2.30

 

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DILUTION

 

As of December 31, 2004, our pro forma net tangible book value was approximately $(132) million, or approximately $(1.32) per share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share of common stock represents total consolidated tangible assets less total consolidated liabilities, divided by the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding assuming the exchange of all current Lazard Group common membership interests for 100,000,000 shares of common stock. Shares of common stock outstanding do not include shares of common stock that may be awarded in the future under our equity incentive plan. Except as described below, shares of common stock outstanding also do not include shares issuable upon settlement of the purchase contracts issued in connection with this offering, the IXIS investment agreement and to our Chief Executive Officer, who has elected to exchange his historical partner interests for common stock. After giving effect to our issuance of shares of common stock in the equity public offering, and assuming an estimated equity public offering price of $26.00 per share (the midpoint of the range of equity public offering prices set forth on the cover page of the prospectus for the equity public offering), and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 would have been approximately $(1,012) million, or $(10.12) per share of common stock. This represents an immediate dilution to new investors in our common stock of approximately $36.12 per share.

 

The following table illustrates this per share dilution (assuming that the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option, in whole or in part):

 

Initial equity public offering price per share

           $ 26.00  

Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2004

   $ (1.32 )        

Decrease in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to the sale of shares in the equity public offering and the additional financing transactions, after giving effect to the recapitalization

     (8.80 )        
    


       

Pro forma net tangible book value per share after giving effect to the separation and recapitalization

             (10.12 )
            


Pro forma dilution per share to new investors assuming full exchange of all Lazard Group common membership interests held by LAZ-MD Holdings into shares of our common stock

           $ 36.12  
            


 

If the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full, the pro forma net tangible book value per share of common stock after giving effect to the separation and recapitalization would be approximately $(8.60) per share and the dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share of common stock to new investors would be $34.60 per share.

 

If the shares of common stock issuable upon settlement of the purchase contracts issued in connection with this offering and the IXIS investment agreement had been issued upon closing of this offering, we estimate that our pro forma net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2004, after giving effect to the equity public offering and such issuance of shares, would have been between $(         ) and $(         ) per share (or $(         ) and $(         ) per share if the underwriters’ over-allotment options for both this offering and the equity public offering had been exercised in full). This range is based on the average minimum ($         ) and maximum ($         ) price per share of common stock that holders of the purchase contracts will pay upon settlement of the purchase contracts, assuming no adjustments are made to the applicable settlement rate as a result of anti-dilution provisions or otherwise.

 

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The following table summarizes, on a pro forma basis as of December 31, 2004, the difference between the total cash consideration paid and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and the purchasers of common stock as described below in the equity public offering with respect to the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, before deducting estimated underwriting discounts, commissions and offering expenses payable by us.

 

     Shares Purchased

    Total Consideration

    Average
Price
per Share


     Number

   Percent

    Amount

   Percent

   

Existing stockholders (a)

   66,346,154    66.3 %   $    0.0 %   $

Purchasers of common stock (b)

   33,653,846    33.7       875,000,000    100.0       26.00
    
  

 

  

     

Total

   100,000,000    100.00 %   $ 875,000,000    100.0 %     8.75
    
  

 

  

     

(a) Represents LAZ-MD Holdings’ common membership interests in Lazard Ltd on an as-if-exchanged basis.

 

(b) Includes 1,266,190 shares to be issued to Mr. Wasserstein in exchange for his historical partner interests valued at the initial public offering price and 1,923,077 shares to be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

 

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2004, reflecting:

 

  Ÿ   the historical actual consolidated capitalization of Lazard Group,

 

  Ÿ   the pro forma consolidated capitalization of Lazard Group prior to this offering, the additional financing transactions and the recapitalization, but after giving effect to the separation, the reclassification to accrued compensation of amounts due for services rendered by managing directors and employee members of LAM and other managing directors from minority interests and members’ equity, respectively,

 

  Ÿ   the pro forma consolidated capitalization of Lazard Group, as adjusted, after giving effect to this offering, the additional financing transactions and the recapitalization, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable in connection with this offering, and the additional financing transactions and after giving effect to the separation, the reclassification to accrued compensation of amounts due for services rendered by managing directors and employee members of LAM and other managing directors from minority interests and members’ equity, respectively, and the expected repayment of $50 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011 issued by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Group, and

 

  Ÿ   the pro forma consolidated capitalization of Lazard Ltd, as adjusted, to reflect the transactions referred to above, including the minority interest attributable to LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of Lazard Group’s common membership interests, which is included within Lazard Ltd’s additional paid-in capital. (See note (a) below.)

 

This table should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and our unaudited pro forma financial information and related notes, in each case included elsewhere in this prospectus. The data assume that there has been no exercise, in whole or in part, of the underwriters’ over-allotment options to purchase additional shares of our common stock in the equity public offering or equity security units in this offering.

 

     As of December 31, 2004

 
     Lazard Group

    Lazard Ltd

 
     Historical

   Pro
Forma


    Pro Forma,
as Adjusted


    Pro Forma,
as Adjusted


 
     ($ in thousands)  

Notes payable

   $ 70,777    $ 67,497     $ 17,497     $ 17,497  

Capital lease obligations

     51,546      51,546       51,546       51,546  

Lazard Group senior notes

                    650,000       650,000  

Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying equity security units

                    400,000       400,000  

Subordinated loans

     200,000      200,000       200,000       200,000  

Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock

     100,000      100,000       —         —    

Minority interest

     174,720      117,019       117,019       117,019  

Members’ equity (deficit)

     384,798      (114,579 )     (995,005 )     —    

Stockholders’ equity:

                               

Common stock, $0.01 par value per share, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 33,653,846 shares issued and outstanding on a pro forma basis as adjusted for this offering

                            337  

Additional paid-in capital

                            (995,342 )(a)
    

  


 


 


Total minority interest, members’ equity and stockholders’ equity

     559,518      2,440       (877,986 )     (877,986 )
    

  


 


 


Total capitalization

   $ 981,841    $ 421,483     $ 441,057     $ 441,057  
    

  


 


 



(a) Minority interest attributable to LAZ-MD Holdings’ approximate 66.3% ownership of Lazard Group’s common membership interests has been reflected as a reduction of Lazard Ltd’s additional paid-in capital rather than minority interest since such minority interest would be negative.

 

 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following table sets forth the historical selected consolidated financial data for Lazard Group, including the separated businesses, for all periods presented.

 

The historical financial statements do not reflect what our results of operations and financial position would have been had we been a stand-alone, public company for the periods presented. Specifically, our historical results of operations do not give effect to the matters set forth below.

 

  Ÿ   The separation, which is described in more detail in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors, which, as a result of Lazard Group operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, Lazard Group’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors to us in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since Lazard Group has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Lazard Group’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., Lazard Group historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to New York City UBT attributable to Lazard Group’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

  Ÿ   Minority interest expense reflecting LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of approximately 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests outstanding immediately after this offering and the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The use of proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The net incremental expense related to this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

The historical consolidated statements of income and financial condition data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 have been derived from Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The audited consolidated statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The audited consolidated statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002 and consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001 are not included in this prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.

 

The selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” and Lazard Group’s historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. See also “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

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Selected Consolidated Financial Data

 

    As of or for the Year Ended December 31,

 
    2000

   2001

    2002

   2003

   2004

 
    ($ in thousands, except for per share data)  

Lazard Group—Historical Financial Data

                                    

Consolidated Statement of Income Data

                                    

Net Revenue:

                                    

Financial Advisory (a)

  $ 766,856    $ 551,356     $ 532,896    $ 690,967    $ 655,200  

Asset Management (b)

    457,124      410,237       454,683      350,348      417,166  

Corporate (c)

    32,817      (14,291 )     4,391      6,535      13,839  

Capital Markets and Other (f)

    296,003      224,753       174,309      135,534      188,100  
   

  


 

  

  


Net Revenue (d)

    1,552,800      1,172,055       1,166,279      1,183,384      1,274,305  

Employee Compensation and Benefits

    570,064      524,417       469,037      481,212      573,779  

Other Operating Expenses

    306,339      288,676       321,197      312,818      342,764  
   

  


 

  

  


Total Operating Expenses

    876,403      813,093       790,234      794,030      916,543  
   

  


 

  

  


Operating Income

    676,397      358,962       376,045      389,354      357,762  

Income Allocable to Members Before Extraordinary Item

    558,708      305,777       297,447      250,383      241,467  

Net Income Allocable to Members

    558,708      305,777       297,447      250,383      246,974 (e)

Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition Data

                                    

Total Assets

  $ 16,123,794    $ 3,569,362 (f)   $ 2,460,725    $ 3,257,229    $ 3,499,224  

Total Debt (g)

  $ 85,246    $ 134,048     $ 144,134    $ 320,078    $ 322,323  

Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Stock

    —      $ 100,000     $ 100,000    $ 100,000    $ 100,000  

Members’ Equity

  $ 888,782    $ 704,697     $ 648,911    $ 535,725    $ 384,798  

Notes ($ in thousands):

 

(a) Financial Advisory net revenue consists of the following:

 

    For the Year Ended December 31,

    2000

   2001

   2002

   2003

   2004

M&A

  $ 724,550    $ 492,083    $ 393,082    $ 419,967    $ 481,726

Financial Restructuring

    34,100      55,200      124,800      244,600      96,100

Other Financial Advisory

    8,206      4,073      15,014      26,400      77,374
   

  

  

  

  

Financial Advisory Net Revenue

  $ 766,856    $ 551,356    $ 532,896    $ 690,967    $ 655,200
   

  

  

  

  

 

(b) Asset Management net revenue consists of the following:

 

    For the Year Ended December 31,

    2000

   2001

   2002

   2003

   2004

Management and Other Fees

  $ 405,124    $ 386,237    $ 381,256    $ 312,123    $ 389,812

Incentive Fees

    52,000      24,000      73,427      38,225      27,354
   

  

  

  

  

Asset Management Net Revenue

  $ 457,124    $ 410,237    $ 454,683    $ 350,348    $ 417,166
   

  

  

  

  

 

(c) “Corporate” includes interest income (net of interest expense), investment income from certain long-term investments and net money market revenue earned by LFB.
(d) Net revenue is presented after reductions for dividends relating to Lazard Group’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock issued in March 2001. Preferred dividends are reflected in corporate net revenue and amounted to $6,312, $8,000, $8,000 and $8,000 in the years ended December 31, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively.
(e) Net income allocable to members for the year ended December 31, 2004 is shown after an extraordinary gain of approximately $5,507 related to the January 2004 acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon.
(f) The decline in total assets from December 31, 2000 to December 31, 2001 is primarily due to Lazard Group’s exiting its London money markets business in 2001. Total assets of the London money markets business at December 31, 2000 were $12,225,241. The net revenue related to the London money markets business in the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001 were $28,962 and $37,393, respectively, and was included in the Capital Markets and Other segment.
(g) Total debt represents the aggregate amount reflected in Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statement of financial condition relating to notes payable, capital lease obligations and subordinated loans.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group

 

The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition at December 31, 2004 present the consolidated results of operations and financial position of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group assuming that the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering and the additional financing transactions, had been completed as of January 1, 2004 with respect to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of income data, and at December 31, 2004 with respect to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition data. The pro forma adjustments are based on available information and upon assumptions that our management believes are reasonable in order to reflect, on a pro forma basis, the impact of the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering and the additional financing transactions, on the historical financial information of Lazard Group. The adjustments are described in the notes to unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of income and the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition, and principally include the matters set forth below.

 

  Ÿ   The separation, which is described in more detail in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors, which, as a result of Lazard Group operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as employee compensation and benefits expense. As a result, Lazard Group’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since Lazard Group has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Lazard Group’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., Lazard Group historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to New York City UBT attributable to Lazard Group’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

  Ÿ   Minority interest expense reflecting LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of approximately 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests outstanding immediately after this offering and the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The use of proceeds from this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

  Ÿ   The net incremental expense related to this offering and the additional financing transactions.

 

The unaudited pro forma financial information of Lazard Ltd should be read together with “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Lazard Group’s historical consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical consolidated financial data reflected in the accompanying unaudited pro

 

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forma financial information represent historical consolidated financial data of Lazard Group. Such historical consolidated financial data of Lazard Group reflects the historical results of operations and financial position of Lazard Group, including the separated businesses.

 

The pro forma consolidated financial information are included for informational purposes only and do not purport to reflect the results of operations or financial position of Lazard Group or Lazard Ltd that would have occurred had they operated as separate, independent companies during the periods presented. Actual results might have differed from pro forma results if Lazard Group or Lazard Ltd had operated independently. The pro forma consolidated financial information should not be relied upon as being indicative of Lazard Group or Lazard Ltd’s results of operations or financial condition had the transactions contemplated in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering and the additional financing transactions, been completed on the dates assumed. The pro forma consolidated financial information also does not project the results of operations or financial position for any future period or date.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

 

    Year Ended December 31, 2004

 
          Pro Forma Adjustments

    Total

    Pro Forma
Adjustments
for the
Additional
Financing
Transactions


    Lazard
Group Pro
Forma, as
Adjusted


    Pro Forma
Adjustments
for this
Offering


    Lazard Ltd
Consolidated
Pro Forma,
as Adjusted(m)


 
    Historical

    Separation(a)

    Subtotal

    Other

           
    ($ in thousands, except per share data)  

Total revenue

  $ 1,328,180     $ (202,424 )   $ 1,125,756     $                      $ 1,125,756     $                    $ 1,125,756     $                    $ 1,125,756  

Interest expense

    (53,875 )(b)     14,324       (39,551 )             (39,551 )     (51,629 )(e)     (91,180 )             (91,180 )
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net revenue

    1,274,305       (188,100 )     1,086,205               1,086,205       (51,629 )     1,034,576               1,034,576  

Operating expenses:

                                                                       

Employee compensation
and benefits

    573,779       (109,030 )     464,749       172,301 (c)     637,050               637,050               637,050  

Premises and occupancy costs

    96,668       (22,967 )     73,701               73,701               73,701               73,701  

Professional fees

    73,547       (24,902 )     48,645               48,645               48,645               48,645  

Travel and entertainment

    50,822       (5,626 )     45,196               45,196               45,196               45,196  

Other

    121,727       (29,946 )     91,781               91,781               91,781               91,781  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total Operating Expenses

    916,543       (192,471 )     724,072       172,301       896,373               896,373               896,373  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Operating income

    357,762       4,371       362,133       (172,301 )     189,832       (51,629 )     138,203               138,203  

Provision for income taxes

    28,375       (103 )     28,272       1,852  (d)     30,124       (10,731 )(f)     19,393       5,656 (g)     25,049  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Income allocable to members before minority interests and extraordinary item

    329,387       4,474       333,861       (174,153 )     159,708       (40,898 )     118,810       (5,656 )     113,154  

Minority interests

    87,920       (367 )     87,553       (73,311 )(c)     14,242               14,242       69,377 (h)     83,619  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Income allocable to members before extraordinary item

    241,467       4,841       246,308       (100,842 )     145,466       (40,898 )     104,568       (75,033 )     29,535  

Extraordinary gain

    5,507       (5,507 )     —                                                    
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net income allocable to members

  $ 246,974     $ (666 )   $ 246,308     $ (100,842 )   $ 145,466     $ (40,898 )   $ 104,568     $ (75,033 )   $ 29,535  
   


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Weighted average shares outstanding:

                                                                       

Basic

                                    100,000,000 (i)                             33,653,846 (k)

Diluted

                                    100,000,000 (i)                             100,000,000 (k)

Net income per share:

                                                                       

Basic

                                    $1.45 (j)                             $0.88 (l)

Diluted

                                    $1.45 (j)                             $0.88 (l)

Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income ($ in thousands):

 

(a) Reflects adjustments necessary to remove the historical results of operations of Lazard Group’s separated businesses.

 

(b) Interest expense includes dividends relating to Lazard Group’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock issued in March 2001, which amounted to $8,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004.

 

(c) Historically, payments for services rendered by our managing directors have been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or as minority interest expense in the case of payments to LAM managing directors and certain key LAM employee members during 2004, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, our employee compensation and benefits expense and net income allocable to members have not reflected most payments for services rendered by our managing directors. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Financial Measures and Indicators—Net Income Allocable to Members.”

 

   The adjustment reflects the classification of these payments for services rendered as employee compensation and benefits expense and has been determined as if the new compensation policy described below had been in place during 2004. Accordingly, the pro forma condensed consolidated statement of income data reflect compensation and benefits expense based on new retention agreements that are in effect.

 

   Following the completion of this offering, our policy will be that our employee compensation and benefits expense, including that payable to our managing directors, will not exceed 57.5% of operating revenue each year (although we retain the ability to change this policy in the future). Our managing directors have been informed of this new policy. The new retention agreements with our managing directors generally provide for a fixed salary and discretionary bonus, which may include an equity-based compensation component. We define “operating revenue” for these purposes as consolidated total revenue less (i) total revenue attributable to the separated businesses and (ii) interest expense related to LFB, with such operating revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004 amounting to $1,107,913.

 

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Reconciliation of historical compensation and benefits

expense to pro forma employee compensation and benefits expense

 

    

Year Ended

December 31, 2004


 
     ($ in thousands)  

Historical

           $ 573,779  

Add (deduct):

                

Amount related to separated businesses

             (109,030 )

Portion of distributions representing payments for services rendered by
managing directors and employee members of LAM

   $ 354,282          

Reductions

     (181,981 )        
    


       

Sub-total

             172,301  
            


Targeted compensation and benefits

           $ 637,050  
            


 

   The overall net adjustment to increase historical employee compensation and benefits expense (after eliminating the expenses related to the separated businesses) is $172,301 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The net adjustment is the result of (i) aggregating the distributions representing payments for services rendered by managing directors and employee members of LAM and (ii) reducing the adjusted employee compensation and benefits expense to reflect the new compensation arrangements with our managing directors, which generally provide for a fixed salary and discretionary bonus, to a target compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio of 57.5%.

 

   While the adjustments described above constitute all adjustments management believes are applicable to the pro forma presentation set forth in this prospectus, we believe that other considerations will assist us in minimizing the degree of compensation reductions required to achieve our employee compensation and benefits expense target, which have not been reflected in the pro forma presentation. These include expense reductions of approximately $100,000 over the next year related to the following—the expiration of guaranteed payments and other contractual agreements with our managing directors; the expiration of contractual payouts to the founders of LAM; planned reductions associated with the restructuring of the Lazard Group pension plans (reflecting a change from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans) and post-retirement medical plans and cost savings resulting from a reassessment of our staffing needs. The expiration of contractual agreements requiring payments to our managing directors for services performed and to the founders of LAM will reduce expenses by approximately $55,000. The planned expense reductions associated with the restructuring of the Lazard Group pension and post-retirement medical plans and the cost savings from a reassessment of our staffing needs are expected to be approximately $45,000. Our reassessment of staffing needs was substantially completed during 2004, and, as a result, headcount was reduced. As part of our periodic performance reviews, we expect to continue to reassess needs in the future, but no material reassessment plans are currently in place. No material costs were incurred in connection with our prior reassessment of staffing needs. To the extent required, any reductions, over and above these approximately $100,000 of reductions, necessary to achieve our target employee compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio of 57.5% will be accomplished by reducing other compensation expenses, including the discretionary bonuses of our managing directors, as generally permitted by the new retention agreements.

 

   These and other measures may not allow us to reach or maintain our target compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio in the future. Increased competition for senior professionals, changes in the financial markets generally or other factors could prevent us from reaching this objective.

 

(d) Reflects a net adjustment of $1,852 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The net adjustment includes (i) tax expense of $3,552 in the year ended December 31, 2004, which reflects the application of the respective historical effective Lazard Group income tax rates against the applicable pro forma adjustments, and (ii) a tax benefit of $1,700 reclassified from LAM minority interest.

 

(e) Reflects net incremental interest expense related to the separation and recapitalization transactions, including the additional financing transactions and the amortization of capitalized costs associated with the additional financing transactions, estimated to be $51,629, the details of which are as follows:

 

    

Principal

Amount


   Assumed
Interest
Rate


    Increase
(Decrease)
in Interest
Expense


 

Addition of new interest expense:

                     

Lazard Group senior notes

   $ 650,000    6.25 %   $ 40,625  

Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying equity security units

     400,000    5.18 %     20,720  

Accretion on the estimated present value of contract adjustment payments on the forward purchase contracts sold

                  775  

Amortization of an estimated $9,862 of capitalized debt issuance costs

                  1,274  
                 


Sub-total

                  63,394  

Reduction of existing interest expense:

                     

Senior Notes due 2011

     50,000    7.53 %     (3,765 )

Mandatory redeemable preferred stock

     100,000    8.00 %     (8,000 )
                 


Sub-total

                  (11,765 )
                 


Net incremental interest expense:

                $ 51,629  
                 


 

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The incremental interest expense above would change by an estimated $813 and $500 for the $650,000 principal amount of Lazard Group senior notes and for the $400,000 principal amount of Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying the equity security units, respectively, if interest rates were to increase or decrease by 0.125%. See also “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of the Equity Security Units—Accounting Treatment.”

 

   See also “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of the Equity Security Units—Accounting Treatment.”

 

(f) Reflects the net income tax impact associated with the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

(g) Represents an adjustment for Lazard Ltd entity-level taxes of $5,656 calculated as follows:

 

Operating income

   $ 138,203  

Less minority interests that reduce income subject to tax

     (8,917 )
    


Total income subject to tax

   $ 129,286  
    


Total income taxes at an estimated effective tax rate of 28%

   $ 36,200  

Less Lazard Group income tax included therein at an estimated effective tax rate of 15%

     (19,393 )
    


Incremental income taxes in excess of income taxes at Lazard Group, assuming 100% ownership of Lazard Group by Lazard Ltd

     16,807  

Multiply by Lazard Ltd’s estimated ownership of Lazard Group

     33.65 %
    


Estimated incremental Lazard Ltd’s entity level taxes

   $ 5,656  
    


 

The difference between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% and Lazard Ltd’s estimated effective tax rate of 28% is primarily due to the earnings attributable to Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries being taxable at rates lower than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, partially offset by U.S. state and local taxes which are incremental to the U.S. federal statutory tax rate.

 

(h) Minority interest expense includes an adjustment for LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership of approximately 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests outstanding immediately after this offering, with such minority interest being the result of multiplying LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership interests in Lazard Group by Lazard Group’s pro forma, as adjusted, net income allocable to members. LAZ-MD Holdings’ ownership interests in Lazard Group are exchangeable, on a one-for-one basis, into shares of Lazard Ltd, and, on a fully exchanged basis, would amount to 66,346,154 shares or 66.3% of Lazard Ltd’s shares outstanding.

 

(i) For purposes of presentation of basic and diluted net income per share, it was assumed that all Lazard Group common membership interests were exchanged into 100,000,000 shares of common stock.

 

(j) Calculated after considering the impact of the pro forma adjustments described in notes (a), (c) and (d) above and based on the weighted average and diluted shares outstanding, as applicable, as described in note (i) above. Net income per share is not comparable to Lazard Ltd pro forma as adjusted net income per share due to the effect of the recapitalization, including this offering and the additional financing transactions, and because net income allocable to members does not reflect U.S. corporate federal income taxes since Lazard Group has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal tax purposes, whereas Lazard Ltd net income includes charges in respect to such taxes.

 

(k) For purposes of presentation of basic net income per share, the weighted average shares outstanding reflects 33,653,846 shares of our common stock that will be outstanding immediately following the equity public offering and excludes 4,569,686 shares issuable upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option. For purposes of presentation of diluted net income per share LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests are included on an as-if-exchanged basis. Shares issuable with respect to the exercise of the purchase contracts associated with the equity security units offered in this offering and pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement are not included because, under the treasury stock method of accounting, such securities currently are not dilutive.

 

(l) Calculated after considering the impact of all the pro forma adjustments described above and based on the weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding, as applicable, as described in note (k) above.

 

(m) Captions relating to “income allocable to members” means “income” with respect to the Lazard Ltd amounts.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

    As of December 31, 2004

 
                   

Pro Forma
Adjustments

for the

Capital
Contribution

Relating to
the Offering

                 
        Pro Forma Adjustments

    Total

    and the
Additional
Financing
Transactions


    Lazard
Group Pro
Forma, as
Adjusted


 

Pro Forma
Adjustments

for this
Offering


    Lazard Ltd
Consolidated
Pro Forma,
as Adjusted


 
    Historical

  Separation(a)

    Subtotal

  Other

           
    ($ in thousands, except per share amounts)  

Assets:

                                                                 

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 273,668   $ (8,185 )   $ 265,483   $ (84,000 )(b)   $ 181,483 (e)   $ 66,729 (f)   $ 248,212   $                  $ 248,212  

Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes

    82,631     (27,200 )     55,431             55,431               55,431             55,431  

Marketable investments

    112,467             112,467             112,467 (e)             112,467             112,467  

Securities owned

    597,229     (210,280 )     386,949             386,949               386,949             386,949  

Securities borrowed

    852,266     (852,266 )                                                    

Receivables

    891,524     (164,157 )     727,367             727,367               727,367             727,367  

Other assets

    689,439     (226,588 )     462,851             462,851       (41,140 )(f)           258,000  (h)        
                                          9,862  (f)     431,573     (258,000 )(h)     431,573  
   

 


 

 


 


 


 

 


 


Total assets

  $ 3,499,224   $ (1,488,676 )   $ 2,010,548   $ (84,000 )   $ 1,926,548     $ 35,451     $ 1,961,999   $ —       $ 1,961,999  
   

 


 

 


 


 


 

 


 


Liabilities, Members’ Equity and Stockholders’ Equity:

                                                                 

Notes payable

  $ 70,777   $ (3,280 )   $ 67,497   $       $ 67,497     $ (50,000 )(f)   $ 17,497   $       $ 17,497  

Securities loaned

    624,918     (624,918 )                                                    

Payables

    601,582     (90,836 )     510,746             510,746               510,746             510,746  

Accrued employee compensation

    204,898     (52,247 )     152,651     40,891  (c)                                      
                          149,121  (d)     342,663 (e)             342,663             342,663  

Miscellaneous other liabilities

    1,137,531     (434,329 )     703,202             703,202       15,877 (g)     719,079     —   (h)     719,079  

Lazard Group senior notes

                                        650,000 (f)     650,000             650,000  

Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying equity security units

                                        400,000 (f)     400,000             400,000  

Subordinated loans

    200,000             200,000             200,000               200,000             200,000  

Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock

    100,000             100,000             100,000       (100,000 )(f)     —               —    

Minority interest

    174,720     (16,810 )     157,910     (40,891 )(c)     117,019               117,019     —   (i)     117,019  

Members’ equity

    384,798     (266,256 )     118,542    
 
(84,000
(149,121
)(b)
)(d)
    (114,579 )     801,862  (f)                      
                                          (1,516,411 )(f)                      
                                          (150,000 )(f)                      
                                          (15,877 )(g)     (995,005)     995,005 (i)     —    

Stockholders’ equity (deficiency):

                                                                 

Common stock, par value $.01 per share

                                                      337 (i)     337  

Additional paid-in capital

                                                      (995,342 )(g)(i)     (995,342)  
   

 


 

 


 


 


 

 


 


Total members’ equity and stockholders’ equity (deficiency)

    384,798     (266,256 )     118,542     (233,121 )     (114,579 )     (880,426)       (995,005)     —         (995,005 )
   

 


 

 


 


 


 

 


 


Total liabilities, members’ equity and stockholders’ equity (deficiency)

  $ 3,499,224   $ (1,488,676 )   $ 2,010,548   $ (84,000 )   $ 1,926,548     $ 35,451     $ 1,961,999   $ —       $ 1,961,999  
   

 


 

 


 


 


 

 


 


 

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Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition ($ in thousands):

 

(a) Reflects adjustments necessary to remove the historical balances relating to Lazard Group’s separated businesses. Subsequent to December 31, 2004, the separated businesses’ members’ equity as reflected in the pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition will be reduced by approximately $126,000 related to the repurchase of working member interests in connection with the consummation of this offering, including approximately $60,000 related to repurchases of working member interests through April 8, 2005. See also “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Certain Relationships with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Employees—Transactions with Our Working Members.”
(b) Reflects cash contribution in recognition of indemnities to be made by the separated businesses in favor of Lazard Group as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement.”
(c) Reclassifies minority interest relating to services rendered by managing directors and employee members associated with Lazard Group’s controlled affiliate, LAM, to accrued compensation.
(d) Historically, payment for services rendered by managing directors has been accounted for as distributions to members’ capital (and subsequent to January 1, 2003, minority interest for LAM) rather than as compensation expense. As a result, the accrued compensation liability account has not reflected a liability for most services rendered by managing directors. Following the closing of the separation and recapitalization transactions, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors in compensation and benefits expense. The pro forma adjustment reflects the compensation payable to managing directors (excluding LAM and the separated businesses).
(e) Historically, employee bonuses have generally been paid in the January following the end of each fiscal year. Payments to managing directors for services rendered have generally been made in three monthly installments, as soon as practicable, after the end of each fiscal year. Such payments usually begin in February. Accordingly, the cash and marketable investments balances shown will be reduced by amounts to be paid for employee bonuses and payments to managing directors for services rendered.
(f) Reflects the net impact of this offering, the additional financing transactions and the recapitalization, representing (1) a net increase in members’ equity of $801,862, consisting of the issuance of $875,000 of common stock, which includes $50,000 to be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement and $32,921 related to the cashless exchange of historical partner interests of our Chief Executive Officer for shares of our common stock at the initial public offering price, less estimated transaction fees and expenses attributable to these equity offerings of $73,138, (which represents the estimated total transaction fees of $83,000 less $9,862 of capitalized debt issuance costs), (2) the issuance of $650,000 principal amount of Lazard Group senior notes and (3) the issuance of $400,000 of equity security units, $150,000 of which will be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement. The aggregate proceeds of $1,925,000, prior to estimated transaction fees and expenses, which, combined with $41,140 in certain Lazard Group long-term investments (which will be utilized to satisfy a portion of the historical partner redemption consideration), will be utilized to (a) redeem $1,616,411 in historical partner interests, which includes $100,000 in Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Stock and $32,921 in the cashless exchange of our Chief Executive Officer’s historical partner interests for shares of our common stock, (b) repay $50,000 in principal amount of 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011, (c) distribute an aggregate of $150,000 to LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings and (d) pay estimated transaction fees and expenses of $83,000. We estimate that net proceeds from this offering and additional financings described herein will exceed the identified use of proceeds described above by $66,729, which will result in an equivalent increase in cash and cash equivalents. Further, other assets reflect a related reduction of $31,728 to the utilization of $41,140 in long-term investments, as mentioned above, as well as an increase related to the capitalization of $9,862 in debt issue costs. See “Use of Proceeds.”
(g) Reflects an adjustment of $15,877 to record a liability for the present value of the quarterly contract adjustment payments related to the purchase contracts associated with the equity security units being offered and securities that will be effectively exchangeable into shares of our common stock pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement, with a corresponding charge to additional paid-in-capital. This adjustment assumes contract adjustment payments equal to 1.445% of the principal amount of the equity security units, discounted to present value at an annual rate of 5.5% over the three-year life of the purchase contracts.
(h) In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, and in connection with the consolidation of Lazard Group into Lazard Ltd, we have recorded a deferred tax asset of approximately $28,000, with such amount fully offset by a valuation allowance. In addition, in connection with the redemption of the historical partner interests and preferred interests, we have also recorded a deferred tax asset of approximately $230,000, with such amount also fully offset by a valuation allowance. The valuation allowances have been recorded because it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of the deferred tax assets depends, among other factors, on the future geographic mix of the earnings of Lazard Group and on Lazard Group meeting certain statutory limitations on amortization deductions. While, pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, we have agreed to pay LFCM Holdings 85% of the amount of any tax benefit we actually realize as a result of tax deductions attributable to increases in tax basis relating to the redemption of the historical partner interests and preferred interests, we have not recorded any liability for our obligation to pay to LFCM Holdings under the tax receivable agreement as we have recorded a full valuation allowance against this deferred tax asset.
(i) Reflects the issuance of Lazard Ltd common shares pursuant to this offering, net of applicable costs with respect thereto, and the net effect of the consolidation by Lazard Ltd of Lazard Group, including the classification of LAZ-MD Holdings’ approximate 66.3% ownership of Lazard Group’s common membership interests as of December 31, 2004 as a reduction of Lazard Ltd’s additional paid-in capital rather than minority interest since such minority interest would be negative.

 


 

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The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 are also presented below to give effect to the separation, as though such separation had occurred as of January 1, 2002. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements shown below are presented as additional information since, if the offering is successfully consummated, any subsequent presentation of the historical financial statements will reflect the separated businesses as discontinued operations in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. These unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial statements, however, exclude any pro forma adjustments related to payment for services rendered by Lazard Group’s managing directors, incremental expense related to the additional financing transactions, minority interest expense and the income tax effect relating to such items.

 

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

 

     Year Ended December 31, 2002

    Year Ended December 31, 2003

 
     Historical

    Separation(a)

   

Pro Forma

for

Separation


    Historical

    Separation(a)

   

Pro Forma

for
Separation


 
     ($ in thousands)  

Total revenue

   $ 1,229,662     $ (207,726 )   $ 1,021,936     $ 1,233,545     $ (150,728 )   $ 1,082,817  

Interest expense(b)

     (63,383 )     33,417       (29,966 )     (50,161 )     15,194       (34,967 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


Net revenue

     1,166,279       (174,309 )     991,970       1,183,384       (135,534 )     1,047,850  

Operating expenses:

                                                

Employee compensation and benefits

     469,037       (79,023 )     390,014       481,212       (93,976 )     387,236  

Premises and occupancy costs

     82,121       (35,675 )     46,446       98,412       (36,758 )     61,654  

Professional fees

     67,862       (19,185 )     48,677       56,121       (8,190 )     47,931  

Travel and entertainment

     41,225       (7,297 )     33,928       45,774       (7,984 )     37,790  

Other

     129,989       (17,231 )     112,758       112,511       (35,287 )     77,224  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Total Operating Expenses

     790,234       (158,411 )     631,823       794,030       (182,195 )     611,835  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Operating income

     376,045       (15,898 )     360,147       389,354       46,661       436,015  

Provision for income taxes

     38,583       2,496       41,079       44,421       (7,469 )     36,952  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Income allocable to members before minority interests

     337,462       (18,394 )     319,068       344,933       54,130       399,063  

Minority interests

     40,015       (384 )     39,631       94,550       15       94,565  
    


 


 


 


 


 


Net income allocable to members

   $ 297,447     $ (18,010 )   $ 279,437     $ 250,383     $ 54,115     $ 304,498  
    


 


 


 


 


 



Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income ($ in thousands):

 

(a) Reflects adjustments necessary to remove the historical results of operations of Lazard Group’s separated businesses.
(b) Interest expense includes dividends relating to Lazard Group’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock issued in March 2001, which amounted to $8,000 and $8,000 in the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003, respectively.

 

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Lazard Group Finance

 

The following unaudited pro forma condensed statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 and the unaudited pro forma condensed statement of financial condition at December 31, 2004 present the results of operations and financial position of Lazard Group Finance assuming that the Lazard Group Finance senior notes, issued as part of this offering, had been completed as of January 1, 2004 with respect to the unaudited pro forma statement of income data, and at December 31, 2004 with respect to the unaudited statement of financial condition data. The pro forma adjustments are based on available information and upon assumptions that our management believes are reasonable in order to reflect, on a pro forma basis, the impact of the Lazard Group Finance senior notes offering. The adjustments are described in the notes to unaudited pro forma condensed statement of income and the unaudited pro forma condensed statement of financial condition, and principally include the matters set forth below:

 

  Ÿ   The issuance of the Lazard Group Finance senior notes underlying the equity security units, including the equity security units issued pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement.

 

  Ÿ   The incremental expense related to the senior notes.

 

  Ÿ   The use of proceeds from this offering.

 

The pro forma consolidated financial information are included for informational purposes only and do not purport to reflect the results of operations or financial position of Lazard Group Finance. Actual results might have differed from pro forma results of Lazard Group Finance. The pro forma financial information should not be relied upon as being indicative of Lazard Group Finance results of operations or financial condition had the offering been completed on the dates assumed. The pro forma financial information also does not project the results of operations or financial position for any future period or date.

 

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Table of Contents

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED STATEMENT OF INCOME

 

     Year Ended December 31,
2004


    
 
     Historical

     Pro Forma
Adjustments


    

Lazard Group Finance
Pro Forma,

as Adjusted


 
     ($ in thousands)  

Total revenue

   $  —        $ 21,460     (a )(c)    $ 21,460  

Interest expense

     —          (21,460 )   (b )(d)      (21,460 )
    

    


        


Net revenue

     —          —                —    

Operating expenses

     —          —                —    
    

    


        


Operating income

     —          —                —    

Provision for income taxes

     —          —                —    
    

    


        


Net income allocable to members

   $ —        $ —              $ —    
    

    


        



Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Income ($ in thousands)

 

(a) Including interest income related to $400,000 senior notes issued by Lazard Group.
(b) Including interest expense related to the issuance of $400,000 senior notes issued by Lazard Group Finance.
(c) Including amortization of deferred interest income associated with the $400,000 senior notes issued by Lazard Group.
(d) Including amortization of deferred issuance costs associated with the issuance of the Lazard Group Finance senior notes.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

     As of December 31, 2004

     Historical

   Pro Forma
Adjustments


    Lazard Group Finance
Pro Forma,
as Adjusted


     ($ in thousands)

Notes receivable

   $ —      $ 400,000   (a )   $ 400,000

Other assets

     —        3,702   (b )     3,702
    

  

       

Total assets

   $      $ 403,702         $ 403,702
    

  

       

Senior notes

   $ —      $ 400,000   (c )   $ 400,000

Other liabilities

     —        3,702   (d )     3,702

Member’s equity

     —        —             —  
    

  

       

Total liabilities and member’s equity

   $       $ 403,702         $ 403,702
    

  

       


Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Statement of Financial Condition ($ in thousands)

 

(a) Reflects $400,000 senior notes issued by Lazard Group.
(b) Reflects deferred issuance costs associated with the Lazard Group Finance senior notes.
(c) Reflects the issuance of $400,000 senior notes by Lazard Group Finance.
(d) Reflects deferred interest income associated with the issuance of the Lazard Group senior notes.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Lazard Group’s historical consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The historical consolidated financial data of Lazard Group discussed below reflect the historical results of operations and financial position of Lazard Group, including the separated businesses that will not be retained by Lazard Group following this offering. Accordingly, the historical consolidated financial data do not give effect to the separation and recapitalization transactions, including the completion of this offering and the additional financing transactions. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure” and “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Business Summary

 

Lazard Group’s principal sources of revenue are derived from activities in the following business segments:

 

  Ÿ   Financial Advisory, which includes providing advice on mergers, acquisitions, restructurings and other financial matters,

 

  Ÿ   Asset Management, which includes the management of equity and fixed income securities and merchant banking funds, and

 

  Ÿ   Capital Markets and Other, which consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, merchant banking fund management activities outside of France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities. In connection with the separation, Lazard Group will transfer its Capital Markets and Other segment to LFCM Holdings.

 

In addition, we record selected other activities in Corporate, including cash and marketable investments, certain long-term investments and our Paris-based LFB. LFB is a registered bank regulated by the Banque de France. LFB’s primary operations include commercial banking, the management of the treasury positions of Lazard’s Paris House through its money market desk and, to a lesser extent, credit activities relating to securing loans granted to clients of LFG and custodial oversight over assets of various clients. In addition, LFB also operates many support functions of the Paris House. We also allocate outstanding indebtedness to Corporate. Following this offering, the indebtedness and interest expense related to the additional financing transactions will be accounted for as part of Corporate as well.

 

For the year ended December 31, 2004, Financial Advisory, Asset Management, Capital Markets and Other and Corporate contributed approximately 51%, 33%, 15% and 1% of Lazard Group’s net revenue, respectively.

 

Business Environment

 

Economic and market conditions, particularly global M&A activity, can significantly affect our financial performance.

 

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The respective source for the data contained herein relating to (i) the volume of global and trans-Atlantic completed and announced merger and acquisition transactions is Thomson Financial, (ii) the amount of corporate debt defaults is Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., cited with permission, all rights reserved, (iii) the amount of hedge fund assets from Van Hedge Fund Advisors, and (iv) funds raised for global private capital, including private equity and venture capital investment funds, is Thomson Venture Economics/National Venture Capital, March 2005.

 

Financial Advisory

 

From the early 1990s through 2000, there was relatively consistent and substantial growth in global M&A activity. The volume of global completed M&A transactions grew from $359 billion in 1993 to $3,720 billion in 2000. Of the total market, the volume of trans-Atlantic completed M&A transactions (involving either a U.S. or Canadian party transacting with a European counterparty) grew from $22 billion in 1993 to $386 billion in 2000.

 

Beginning in 2001, the volume of global completed M&A transactions began to decline significantly, falling 67% from $3,720 billion in 2000 to $1,220 billion in 2003, with the volume of trans-Atlantic completed M&A transactions down 74% from $386 billion to $102 billion in the same period. At the same time, corporate debt defaults increased significantly, reaching a peak of $164 billion in 2002, up 466% from $29 billion in 2000. In 2003, corporate debt defaults decreased to $34 billion, down 79% from $164 billion in 2002, reflecting improved global economic conditions.

 

In 2004, global M&A volume increased while restructuring activity continued to decline significantly. For the year ended December 31, 2004, the volume of global completed M&A transactions increased 29% versus the year ended December 31, 2003, increasing to $1,574 billion from $1,220 billion, respectively, with the volume of trans-Atlantic completed M&A transactions experiencing a 2% increase. Over the same period, the volume of global announced M&A transactions increased by 39% in 2004, from $1,398 billion to $1,937 billion, and the volume of trans-Atlantic announced M&A transactions increased by 13% from $99 billion to $112 billion, reflecting growing industry-wide activity. Over the same time frame, financial restructuring activity continued to decline, with the amount of corporate debt defaults falling from $34 billion to $16 billion, or by 53%. We believe that our Financial Advisory business will benefit from any sustained increase in M&A volume. Any such improvement will most likely be accompanied, at least in part, by counter-cyclical weakness in restructuring activity.

 

We believe that this counter-cyclical relationship can be seen in Lazard Group’s results. Between 2000 and 2003, Lazard Group’s Mergers and Acquisitions net revenue declined from $725 million to $420 million as the volume of global completed M&A transactions across the industry declined amidst challenging economic and capital markets conditions. Conversely, over the same time period, the net revenue of Lazard Group’s Financial Restructuring practice, the first full operating year of which commenced in 2000, increased from $34 million to $245 million, driven primarily by increased restructuring transaction volume stemming from higher levels of global corporate debt defaults. Similarly, for the year ended December 31, 2004, Lazard Group’s Mergers and Acquisitions net revenue increased to $482 million from $420 million in 2003 as M&A activity rebounded, while Financial Restructuring net revenue declined to $96 million from $245 million over the same time period, reflecting diminished restructuring activity due to declining levels of global corporate debt defaults.

 

Asset Management

 

From 1994 to 2004, global stock markets appreciated substantially. The MSCI World Index rose by 7% on a compounded annual basis during this period. European markets experienced similar improvement, with the FTSE 100, CAC 40 and DAX indices up 5%, 7% and 7%, respectively, on a

 

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compounded annual basis. In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial, S&P 500 and NASDAQ indices rose by 11%, 10% and 11%, respectively, on a compounded annual basis. According to Pensions & Investments, an industry publication, worldwide assets managed by the top 100 asset managers grew by 21%, on a compounded annual basis, from 1994 to 2003. We believe that this growth in excess of market appreciation reflects a shift towards assets being concentrated among leading asset managers and consolidation within the asset management industry. During the same period, assets managed in hedge funds and merchant banking funds also experienced significant growth. Hedge fund assets, for example, grew 18%, on a compounded annual basis, to $950 billion at year end 2004, and funds raised for global private capital, which includes private equity and venture capital investment funds, increased by 11% on a compounded annual basis.

 

While global stock markets experienced substantial appreciation from 1994 to 2004, markets have experienced considerable volatility since 1999, with various market indices reaching record highs in 1999 and the first quarter of 2000, and then declining steadily through December 31, 2002. From 1999 to 2002, the MSCI World Index declined by 18%, on a compounded annual basis, while in Europe, the FTSE 100, CAC 40 and DAX indices declined 17%, 20% and 25%, respectively, on a compounded annual basis. In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial, S&P 500 and NASDAQ indices declined by 10%, 16% and 31%, respectively, on a compounded annual basis, in the same time frame. These declines were followed by considerable improvements in the global markets in 2003 and 2004. From January 1, 2003 until December 31, 2004, the MSCI World Index rose by 22%, on a compounded annual basis, with the FTSE 100, CAC 40 and DAX indices gaining 11%, 12% and 21%, respectively, on a compounded annual basis. In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial, S&P 500 and NASDAQ indices gained 14%, 17% and 28%, respectively, on a compounded annual basis for the same period. The changes in global market indices correspond with Lazard Group’s market-related changes in its AUM.

 

Recent Developments

 

During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in our Mergers and Acquisitions practice increased by 64% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004. This reflects an improvement relative to the 28% growth in Mergers and Acquisitions net revenue we realized during the fourth quarter of 2004 in comparison to the fourth quarter of 2003, and relative to the 15% growth in net revenue we realized for the full year 2004 in comparison to 2003. Net revenue in a particular quarter may not be indicative, however, of future results. During the first quarter of 2005, net revenue in our Financial Restructuring practice increased 36% in comparison to the first quarter of 2004, relative to a 61% decrease in Financial Restructuring net revenue for the full year 2004 in comparison to 2003. During the first quarter of 2005, we have represented, among others, MCI in its evaluation of strategic alternatives, SunGard Data Systems Inc. in its sale to various private equity firms and Tower Automotive, Inc. on its Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization.

 

In our Asset Management business, our average AUM for the first quarter of 2005 was $86 billion, representing a 7% increase in comparison to the average AUM of $80 billion during 2004. In the first quarter of 2005 our management fee net revenue increased by 6% as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2004. Including incentive fees earned in the first quarter of 2005, our Asset Management net revenue increased 10% as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2004.

 

The revenue data for the first quarter of 2005 set forth above is preliminary in nature and actual revenue for such quarter may be different. Our actual results of operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2005 will be included in a subsequent filing by us with the SEC.

 

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Key Financial Measures and Indicators

 

Net Revenue

 

The majority of our Financial Advisory net revenue is earned from the successful completion of mergers, acquisitions, restructurings or similar transactions. In some client engagements, often those involving financially distressed companies, revenue is earned in the form of retainers and similar fees that are contractually agreed upon with each client for each assignment and are not necessarily linked to the completion of a transaction. In addition, we also earn fees from providing strategic advice to a client, with such fees not being dependent on a specific transaction. Our Financial Advisory segment also earns revenue from public and private securities offerings in conjunction with activities of the Capital Markets and Other segment. In general, such fees are shared equally between our Financial Advisory and Capital Markets and Other segments. Following this offering, we intend to have an arrangement with LFCM Holdings under which the separated Capital Markets business will continue to distribute securities in public offerings originated by our Financial Advisory business in a manner intended to be similar to our practice prior to this offering. The main driver of Financial Advisory net revenue is overall M&A and restructuring volume, particularly in the industries and geographic markets in which we focus.

 

Our Asset Management segment includes our LAM, LFG and merchant banking operations. Asset Management net revenue is derived from fees for investment management and advisory services provided to institutional and private clients. The main driver of Asset Management net revenue is the level of AUM, which is influenced in large part by our investment performance and by our ability to successfully attract and retain assets, as well as the broader performance of the global equity markets and, to a lesser extent, fixed income markets. As a result, fluctuations in financial markets and client asset inflows and outflows have a direct effect on Asset Management net revenue and operating income. Fees vary with the type of assets managed, with higher fees earned on actively managed equity assets, alternative investments (such as hedge funds) and merchant banking products, and lower fees earned on fixed income and cash management products. We also earn performance-based incentive fees on some investment products, such as hedge funds, merchant banking funds and other investment products. Incentive fees on hedge funds are typically calculated based on a specified percentage of a fund’s net appreciation during a fiscal period and can be subject to loss carry-forward provisions in which losses incurred in the current period are applied against future period net appreciation. Incentive fees on merchant banking funds also may be earned in the form of a carried interest when profits from merchant banking investments exceed a specified threshold. Lazard Group’s Asset Management net revenue during the years ended December 31, 2002 through 2004 demonstrate the volatility that incentive fees have on total net revenue. See “—Business Segments—Asset Management—Asset Management Results of Operations.”

 

Capital Markets and Other net revenue largely consists of primary revenue earned from underwriting fees from securities offerings and secondary revenue earned in the form of commissions and trading profits from principal transactions in Lazard Group’s equity, fixed income and convertibles businesses. Since Lazard Group’s January 7, 2004 acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon, Lazard Group also has earned underwriting and other fee revenue from corporate broking in the U.K. Lazard Group also earns fund management fees and, if applicable, carried interest incentive fees related to merchant banking funds managed as part of this segment. Such carried interest incentive fees are earned when profits from merchant banking investments exceed a specified threshold. In addition, Lazard Group generates investment income and net interest income principally from long- term investments, cash balances and securities financing transactions. In connection with the separation, Lazard Group will transfer the Capital Markets and Other segment to LFCM Holdings.

 

Corporate net revenue consists primarily of investment income generated from long-term investments, including principal investments that Lazard Group has made in merchant banking and alternative investment funds managed by our Asset Management segment, net interest income

 

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generated by LFB, interest income related to cash and marketable investments and interest expense related to outstanding borrowings. Following this offering, interest expense related to the additional financing transactions will be accounted for as part of Corporate as well. Corporate net revenue can fluctuate due to mark-to-market adjustments on long-term and marketable investments, changes in interest rate spreads earned by LFB and changes in the levels of our cash, marketable investments, long-term investments and indebtedness. Although Corporate net revenue represented 1% or less of Lazard Group’s net revenue in each of the years 2002, 2003 and 2004, total assets in this segment represented 40% of Lazard Group’s consolidated total assets as of December 31, 2004 (or 69% excluding the Capital Markets and Other segment), principally attributable to the relatively significant amounts of assets associated with LFB, and, to a lesser extent, cash, marketable investments and long-term investment balances.

 

We expect to experience significant fluctuations in net revenue and operating income during the course of any given year. These fluctuations arise because a significant portion of our Financial Advisory net revenue is earned upon the successful completion of a transaction or financial restructuring, the timing of which is uncertain and is not subject to our control. Our Asset Management net revenue is also subject to periodic fluctuations. Asset Management fees are generally based on AUM measured as of the end of a quarter or month, and an increase or reduction in AUM at such dates, due to market price fluctuations, currency fluctuations, net client asset flows or otherwise, will result in a corresponding increase or decrease in management fees. In addition, incentive fees earned on AUM are generally not recorded until the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, when potential uncertainties regarding the ultimate realizable amounts have been determined.

 

Operating Expenses

 

The majority of our operating expenses relate to employee compensation and benefits. As a limited liability company, payments for services rendered by the majority of Lazard Group’s managing directors are accounted for as distributions of members’ capital. In addition, subsequent to January 1, 2003, payments for services rendered by managing directors of LAM (and employee members of LAM) have been accounted for as minority interest expense. See “—Minority Interest.” As a result, our employee compensation and benefits expense and operating income have not reflected most payments for services rendered by our managing directors. Following this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors, including the managing directors of LAM, in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

The balance of our operating expenses is referred to below as “non-compensation expense,” which includes costs for premises and occupancy, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, equipment, depreciation and amortization and other expenses.

 

The historical levels of operating expenses set forth in “—Consolidated Results of Operations” do not reflect the added costs we expect to incur as a result of this offering. We expect that we will incur additional expenses for, among other things, directors fees, SEC reporting and compliance, investor relations, legal, accounting and other costs associated with being a public company.

 

Provision for Income Taxes

 

Lazard Group has historically operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, Lazard Group’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., Lazard Group historically has operated principally through corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on Lazard Group’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to UBT attributable to Lazard Group’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

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Following this offering Lazard Group will continue to operate in the U.S. as a limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and remain subject to local income taxes outside the U.S. and to UBT. In addition, Lazard will be subject to additional income taxes which will be reflected in our consolidated financial statements as described in Note (f) in the “Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information—Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income.”

 

Minority Interest

 

Minority interest consists of a number of components.

 

On January 1, 2003, Lazard Group contributed net assets relating to the majority of its asset management business to form LAM, a subsidiary of Lazard Group. Upon formation of LAM, certain members of Lazard Group (including all the managing directors of LAM) who provide services to LAM contributed capital to LAM and ceased being members of Lazard Group. Following the formation of LAM, these capital interests have been included in minority interest on Lazard Group’s consolidated statement of financial condition. In connection with this contribution, the LAM managing directors and other key LAM employees were granted equity units in LAM. Commencing in 2003, payments for services rendered by these individuals were accounted for as minority interest expense in Lazard Group’s consolidated statement of income. The substantial majority of such payments related to services rendered by LAM managing directors, which, in prior years, had been accounted for as distributions to members, therefore, was not reported in prior years’ consolidated statements of income. The remainder of such payments, which related to compensation of employee members of LAM, was recorded as compensation and benefits expense in prior years’ consolidated statements of income. Following this offering, we will include all payments for services rendered by our managing directors, including our LAM managing directors, as well as employee members of LAM, in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

The LAM equity units entitle holders to payments in connection with selected fundamental transactions affecting Lazard Group or LAM, including a dissolution or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Lazard Group or LAM, a merger of or sale of all of the interests in LAM whereby Lazard Group ceases to own a majority of LAM or have the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of LAM, or a non-ordinary course sale of assets by LAM that exceeds $50 million in value. These persons will not receive LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, but will retain their existing equity units in LAM. As a general matter, in connection with a fundamental transaction that triggers the LAM equity units, following the completion of this offering the holders of the LAM equity units would be entitled in the aggregate to 23.40% of the net proceeds or imputed valuation of LAM in such transaction after deductions for payment of creditors of LAM and the return of LAM capital. As of December 31, 2004, LAM’s capital for these purposes totaled approximately $70 million, of which approximately $18 million was owned by LAM managing directors and employee members, with the remainder owned by Lazard Group. These LAM equity units are not entitled to share in the operating results of LAM. A separate class of interests in LAM, which we refer to in this prospectus as “LAM profit units,” is entitled to the ordinary profit and losses of LAM, all of which are owned by Lazard Group. Accordingly, in the absence of a fundamental transaction that triggers the LAM equity units, all of LAM’s net income is allocable to Lazard Group. We have no current intention to cause or otherwise trigger a fundamental transaction that would give rise to payment obligations to the holders of interests in LAM.

 

On and after January 1, 2006, the board of directors of LAM (a majority of which is appointed by Lazard Group) may, in its discretion, grant LAM equity interests that include profit rights to managing directors of, and other persons providing services to, LAM, as a portion of their ongoing compensation. If granted, these equity interests would be subject to specified vesting conditions, with 50% of the equity interests vesting on the second anniversary of the date of issuance and the remaining 50% of the equity interests vesting on the third anniversary of the date of issuance.

 

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Also included in minority interest in our consolidated financial statements are minority interests in various LAM-related general partnership interests. Certain of these LAM-related general partnerships compensate LAM professionals directly. As such, incentive fees that would have otherwise been paid to Lazard Group are retained by the general partnerships for the purpose of compensating the LAM professionals. In Lazard Group’s consolidation of the general partnerships, the LAM professionals’ compensation is reflected in minority interest, with an equivalent amount in Lazard Group’s net revenue. Following this offering we will include such LAM professionals’ share of the incentive fees in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

In September 2002, Lazard Group and Intesa announced their agreement to form a strategic alliance. Under the terms of this alliance, Intesa became a 40% partner in Lazard Group’s business interests in Italy in January 2003. As a result, commencing in 2003, Lazard Group has recorded minority interest to reflect Intesa’s economic interest in the Italian alliance.

 

As of December 31, 2004, in accordance with the adoption of Financial Interpretation No. 46R for Consolidation of Certain Variable Interest Entities (“FIN 46R”), referred to as “VIEs,” Lazard Group consolidated certain VIEs in which it holds a variable interest and where Lazard Group is the primary beneficiary. Those VIEs include Lazard Group sponsored venture capital investment vehicles established in connection with our compensation plans. Accordingly, Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2004 reflect minority interests associated with these VIEs. These VIEs will be included with the separated businesses and, as such, will not be reflected in our consolidated financial statements following this offering. To the extent that we expand our merchant banking activities in the future, we expect that we may be required to consolidate additional VIEs related to such activities. The managing directors of our French business hold nominal equity interests in several of our French subsidiaries, totaling less than 0.1% of the equity interests in each such subsidiary. Accordingly, as currently constituted, these managing directors may have a role in the procedures at these subsidiaries, including the right to vote on the appointment or removal of managing directors, mergers and alterations to key provisions of their by-laws.

 

The table below summarizes our minority interest expense and liability in Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements:

 

     Minority Interest Expense

     Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

    2004

     ($ in thousands)

LAM Members

   $ —      $ 61,757     $ 73,311

LAM General Partnerships

     38,891      16,975       8,971

Italian Strategic Alliance

     —        15,914       3,741

Merchant Banking General Partnership Interests

     —        —         367

Other

     1,124      (96 )     1,530
    

  


 

Total

   $ 40,015    $ 94,550     $ 87,920
    

  


 

 

     Minority Interest Liability

     As of December 31,

     2003

   2004

     ($ in thousands)

LAM Members

   $ 66,599    $ 57,351

LAM General Partnerships

     35,634      43,186

Italian Strategic Alliance

     65,889      51,902

Merchant Banking General Partnership Interests

     —        20,655

Other

     956      1,626
    

  

Total

   $ 169,078    $ 174,720
    

  

 

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Net Income Allocable to Members

 

Historically, payments for services rendered by our managing directors have been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or as minority interest expense in the case of payments to LAM managing directors and certain key LAM employee members during 2003 and 2004, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, our compensation and benefits expense and net income allocable to members have not reflected most payments for services rendered by our managing directors.

 

During 2002, 2003 and 2004, following the hiring of new senior management, Lazard Group invested significant amounts in the recruitment and retention of senior professionals in an effort to reinvest in the intellectual capital of Lazard Group’s business. As a result, while payments for services rendered by our managing directors generally did not historically exceed net income allocable to members in any given year, in 2002, 2003 and 2004, we made distributions to our managing directors that exceeded our net income allocable to members.

 

The table below illustrates what our compensation and benefits expense would have been on an adjusted basis during 2004, had the portion of distributions to members which represent payments for services rendered and our minority interest expense related to LAM been accounted for as compensation and benefits expense, as adjusted to exclude the impact of the separated businesses. The table further illustrates the relationship between our adjusted compensation and benefits expense and our operating revenue. We define operating revenue to equal consolidated total gross revenue less (i) total gross revenue attributable to the separated businesses and (ii) interest expense related to LFB, our Paris-based banking affiliate. We deduct the interest expense incurred by LFB from our definition of operating revenue because LFB is a financing business and we consider its interest expense to be a cost directly related to the conduct of its business. The remaining interest expense, however, relates to our decisions regarding the capital structure of Lazard Group as a whole.

 

    

Year Ended
December 31, 2004


 
    
     ($ in thousands)  

Adjusted employee compensation and benefits

        

Historical

   $ 573,779  

Add (deduct):

        

Amount related to separated businesses

     (109,030 )

Portion of distributions representing payments for services rendered by managing directors (excluding LAM managing directors)

     280,317  

Portion of distributions representing payments included in minority interest for services rendered by LAM managing directors and employee members of LAM

     73,965  
    


Adjusted employee compensation and benefits

   $ 819,031  
    


Operating revenue

        

Historical total revenue

   $ 1,328,180  

Add (deduct):

        

Amount related to separated businesses

     (202,424 )

LFB Interest expense

     (17,843 )
    


Operating revenue

   $ 1,107,913  
    


Adjusted compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio

     73.9 %
    


 

Following the completion of this offering, our policy will be that our employee compensation and benefits expense, including that payable to our managing directors, will not exceed 57.5% of operating revenue each year (although we retain the ability to change this policy in the future). Our managing

 

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directors have been informed of this new policy. The new retention agreements with our managing directors generally provide for a fixed salary and discretionary bonus, which may include an equity-based compensation component. The following table summarizes the reductions required to achieve the target ratio:

 

     Year Ended
December 31, 2004


 
    
     ($ in thousands)  

Target employee compensation and benefits

        

Adjusted employee compensation and benefits, as above

   $ 819,031  

Reductions

     (181,981 )
    


Target compensation and benefits

   $ 637,050  
    


Target compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio

     57.5 %
    


 

We intend to achieve this target primarily by reducing payments for services rendered by our managing directors, while continuing to maintain financial packages for our managing directors that we believe are competitive in the market place. All of the expense reductions required to achieve this target ratio could be achieved through compensation reductions under our new retention agreements that generally provide for salary and discretionary bonuses, which agreements were effective upon execution. However, we believe that other considerations will assist us in minimizing the degree of compensation reductions required to achieve our employment compensation and benefit expense target, including expense reductions of approximately $100 million over the next year related to the following—the expiration of guaranteed payments and other contractual agreements with our managing directors; the expiration of contractual payouts to the founders of LAM; planned reductions associated with the restructuring of the Lazard Group pension plans (reflecting a change from defined benefit plans to defined contribution plans) and post-retirement medical plans and cost savings resulting from a reassessment of our staffing needs. The expiration of contractual agreements requiring payments to our managing directors for services performed and to the founders of LAM will reduce expenses by approximately $55 million. The planned expense reductions associated with the restructuring of the Lazard Group pension and post-retirement medical plans and the cost savings from a reassessment of our staffing needs are expected to be approximately $45 million. To the extent required, any reductions, over and above these approximately $100 million of reductions, necessary to achieve our target employee compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio of 57.5% will be accomplished by reducing other compensation expenses, including the discretionary bonuses of our managing directors, as generally permitted by the new retention agreements.

 

While we are implementing steps that we believe will reduce our compensation expense-to-operating revenue ratio to 57.5%, there can be no guarantee that this will be achieved or that our policy will not change in the future. Increased competition for senior professionals, changes in the financial markets generally or other factors could prevent us from reaching this objective.

 

Results of Operations

 

Our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Many of our non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency (i.e., the currency in which operational activities are primarily conducted) that is other than the U.S. dollar, generally the currency of the country in which the subsidiaries are domiciled. Such subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at year end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional currency are reported as a component of members’ equity. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses on transactions in non-functional currencies are included in the consolidated statements of income.

 

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The consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2002 through December 31, 2004 are set forth below:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

   2004

     ($ in thousands)

Net Revenue:

                    

Financial Advisory

   $ 532,896    $ 690,967    $ 655,200

Asset Management

     454,683      350,348      417,166

Capital Markets and Other(a)

     174,309      135,534      188,100

Corporate

     4,391      6,535      13,839
    

  

  

Net revenue

     1,166,279      1,183,384      1,274,305
    

  

  

Operating Expenses:

                    

Employee compensation and benefits

     469,037      481,212      573,779

Non-compensation expense

     321,197      312,818      342,764
    

  

  

Total operating expenses

     790,234      794,030      916,543
    

  

  

Operating Income

     376,045      389,354      357,762

Provision for income taxes

     38,583      44,421      28,375
    

  

  

Income Allocable to Members Before Minority Interest and Extraordinary Gain

     337,462      344,933      329,387

Minority Interest

     40,015      94,550      87,920
    

  

  

Income Allocable to Members Before Extraordinary Gain

     297,447      250,383      241,467

Extraordinary gain

     —        —        5,507
    

  

  

Net Income Allocable to Members

   $ 297,447    $ 250,383    $ 246,974
    

  

  


(a) As described above, Lazard Group will separate its Capital Markets and Other business segment in connection with the separation and recapitalization.

 

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The key ratios, statistics and headcount information for the years ended December 31, 2002 through December 31, 2004 are set forth below:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 
     ($ in thousands)  

As a % of Net Revenue:

                  

Financial Advisory

   46 %   58 %   51 %

Asset Management

   39 %   30 %   33 %

Capital Markets and Other(a)

   15 %   11 %   15 %

Corporate

   0 %   1 %   1 %
    

 

 

Net Revenue

   100 %   100 %   100 %
    

 

 

As a % of Net Revenue:

                  

Operating Income

   32 %   33 %   28 %
    

 

 

Headcount, as of the end of each period, prior to the separation:

                  

Managing Directors:

                  

Financial Advisory

   103     118     131  

Asset Management

   19     24     35  

Capital Markets and Other(a)

   20     22     22  

Corporate (including limited managing directors)

   18     18     19  

All Other Employees

   2,499     2,374     2,377  
    

 

 

Total

   2,659     2,556     2,584  
    

 

 

Headcount, as of the end of each period, after the separation:

                  

Managing Directors:

                  

Financial Advisory

   103     118     131  

Asset Management

   19     24     35  

Corporate (including limited managing directors)

   18     18     19  

All Other Employees

   2,323     2,206     2,154  
    

 

 

Total

   2,463     2,366     2,339  
    

 

 


(a) As described above, Lazard Group will separate its Capital Markets and Other business segment in connection with the separation and recapitalization.

 

Consolidated Results of Operations

 

A discussion of our consolidated results of operations is set forth below, followed by a more detailed discussion of business segment results.

 

2004 versus 2003.    Net revenue was $1,274 million in 2004, up $91 million, or 8%, versus net revenue of $1,183 million for 2003. During 2004, M&A net revenue increased by 15%, offset by a reduction in Financial Restructuring net revenue of 61%, while Asset Management net revenue increased by 19% and Capital Markets and Other net revenue increased by 39%.

 

Employee compensation and benefits expense was $574 million for 2004, an increase of $93 million, or 19%, versus expense of $481 million in 2003. The expense increase was primarily due to increases in performance-based bonus accruals, new service groups operating for the full year in 2004, and increased pension costs in the U.S. and Europe. Employee headcount as of December 31, 2004 was at approximately the same level as of December 31, 2003, however, the composition changed with decreases in headcount in the Financial Advisory and Corporate segments being offset by increased headcount in the Asset Management and Capital Markets and Other segments. For further information with respect to employee compensation and benefits expense after this offering, see “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition—Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.”

 

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Non-compensation expense was $343 million for 2004, an increase of $30 million, or 10%, versus expense of $313 million for 2003. Premises and occupancy expenses were $97 million, a decrease of $2 million, or 2%, due to lower costs associated with abandoned space and duplicate rent in London, almost entirely offset by higher occupancy costs in the U.S. and Europe for offices that were not operating for the full year in 2003. Professional fees were $74 million, an increase of $18 million, or 31%, versus $56 million for 2003 primarily due to costs incurred in connection with this offering, payments to former employees as a result of carried interest-based incentive fees on real estate-related merchant banking funds, consulting fees relating to our recently initiated merchant banking activities in the U.K. and integration costs associated with the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon. Travel and entertainment expenses were $51 million, an increase of $5 million, or 11%, versus $46 million for 2003, due to increased business development efforts. Communication and information services and equipment costs, in the aggregate, were $65 million, an increase of $9 million, or 17%, versus $56 million for 2003 due to increased software maintenance expense and additional technology related spending in certain offices in the U.S. and Europe. Other expenses were $57 million, essentially flat versus 2003.

 

Operating income was $358 million for 2004, a decrease of $31 million, or 8%, versus operating income of $389 million for 2003. Operating income as a percentage of net revenue was 28% for 2004 versus 33% for 2003.

 

Provision for income taxes was $28 million for 2004, a decrease of $16 million versus $44 million for 2003, due to decreased profitability in locations that are subject to corporate income taxes.

 

Minority interest was $88 million for 2004, a decrease of $7 million versus $95 million for 2003, principally due to a decrease in minority interest associated with the Italian strategic alliance, offset by an increase in performance-based compensation for LAM members. See “—Minority Interest.”

 

Income allocable to members before extraordinary gain was $241 million for 2004, a decrease of $9 million, or 4%, versus $250 million in 2003.

 

An extraordinary gain of approximately $6 million was recorded in January 2004 related to the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon and represented the excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired over the purchase price.

 

2003 versus 2002.    Net revenue was $1,183 million in 2003, an increase of $17 million, or 1%, versus net revenue of $1,166 million in 2002. During 2003, M&A net revenue increased by 7% and Financial Restructuring net revenue increased by 96%, with these increases principally offset by decreases in Asset Management net revenue of 23% and Capital Markets and Other net revenue of 22%.

 

Employee compensation and benefits expense was $481 million in 2003, an increase of $12 million or 3% versus expense of $469 million during 2002. The increase in expense in 2003 was principally due to investments made in our Financial Advisory segment, including new service groups and increases in U.K. pension costs. These increases were partially offset by savings related to headcount reductions in Asset Management, and by the reclassification to minority interest expense of compensation for employee members of LAM whose compensation, prior to 2003, had previously been reported in employee compensation and benefits expense. Employee headcount (excluding managing directors) at December 31, 2003 was 2,374, a net reduction of 125 versus December 31, 2002.

 

Non-compensation expense was $313 million in 2003, a decrease of $8 million, or 3%, versus expense of $321 million in 2002. Premises and occupancy expenses were $98 million, an increase of $16 million, or 20%, versus $82 million in 2002, primarily due to increases in rent in London and

 

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occupancy cost for our Paris facilities. Professional fees were $56 million, a decrease of $12 million, or 17%, versus $68 million in 2002 due to higher professional fees in 2002 relating to (i) dissolving an Asset Management partnership arrangement, (ii) unwinding of an investment in a derivatives business venture and (iii) reorganizing the LAM capital structure. Travel and entertainment expenses were $46 million, an increase of $5 million, or 11%, versus $41 million in 2002 due to increased business development efforts. Communication and information services and equipment costs in the aggregate were $56 million, an increase of $5 million, or 10%, versus $51 million in 2002 with no one business activity accounting for a significant piece of the increase. Other expenses were $57 million, a decrease of $22 million, or 28%, versus $79 million in 2002, primarily due to one-time costs incurred in 2002 relating to dissolving the aforementioned Asset Management partnership arrangement.

 

Operating income was $389 million in 2003, an increase of $13 million, or 4%, versus operating income of $376 million in 2002. Operating income as a percentage of net revenue was 33% in 2003 versus 32% in 2002.

 

Provision for income taxes was $44 million in 2003, an increase of $5 million versus $39 million in 2002, due to increased profitability in locations that are subject to corporate income taxes.

 

Minority interest was $95 million in 2003, an increase of $55 million versus $40 million in 2002. Beginning in 2003, compensation for services rendered by LAM managing directors and employee members of LAM was recorded in minority interest. In addition, Lazard Group’s strategic alliance in Italy with Intesa also commenced in 2003. These two items, in the aggregate, accounted for a $78 million increase in minority interest expense. Partially offsetting these increases was a $22 million decline in minority interest expense associated with the consolidation of LAM-related general partnerships consistent with the decline in related incentive fee revenue. See “—Minority Interest.”

 

Net income allocable to members was $250 million in 2003, a decrease of $47 million, or 16%, versus net income allocable to members of $297 million in 2002.

 

Business Segments

 

The following data discusses net revenue and operating income by business segment. The operating results exclude a discussion of Corporate, due to its relatively minor contribution to operating results. Each segment’s operating expenses include (i) employee compensation and benefits expenses that are incurred directly in support of the businesses and (ii) other operating expenses, which include directly incurred expenses for premises and occupancy, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, equipment, and indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto) for administrative services. Such administrative services include, but are not limited to, accounting, tax, legal, facilities management and senior management activities. Such support costs are allocated to the relevant segments based on various statistical drivers such as, among other items, headcount, square footage and transactional volume.

 

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Financial Advisory

 

The following table summarizes the operating results of the Financial Advisory segment:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 
     ($ in thousands)  

M&A

   $ 393,082     $ 419,967     $ 481,726  

Financial Restructuring

     124,800       244,600       96,100  

Corporate Finance and Other

     15,014       26,400       77,374  
    


 


 


Net Revenue

     532,896       690,967       655,200  
    


 


 


Direct Employee Compensation and Benefits

     171,270       189,823       230,340  

Other Operating Expenses(a)

     159,532       190,427       213,342  
    


 


 


Total Operating Expenses

     330,802       380,250       443,682  
    


 


 


Operating Income

   $ 202,094     $ 310,717     $ 211,518  
    


 


 


Operating Income as a Percentage of Net Revenue

     38 %     45 %     32 %
    


 


 


Headcount(b):

                        

Managing Directors

     103       118       131  

Other Employees

     820       848       832  
    


 


 


Total

     923       966       963  
    


 


 



(a) Includes indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto).
(b) Excludes headcount related to support functions. Such headcount is included in the Corporate headcount.

 

Net revenue trends in Financial Advisory for M&A and Financial Restructuring generally are correlated to the volume of completed industry-wide mergers and acquisitions activity and restructurings occurring subsequent to corporate debt defaults, respectively. However, deviations from this relationship can occur in any given year for a number of reasons. For instance, material variances in the level of mergers and acquisitions activity in a particular geography where we have significant market share or the number of our advisory engagements with respect to larger-sized transactions can cause our results to diverge from industry-wide activity. Lazard Group client statistics and global industry statistics are set forth below:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 

Lazard Statistics:

                        

Number of Clients:

                        

Total

     383       370       435  

With Fees Greater than $1 million

     136       137       136  
                          

Percentage of Total Fees from Top 10 Clients

     26 %     30 %     25 %
                          

Number of M&A Transactions Completed Greater than $1 billion

     21       29       30  

Industry Statistics ($ in billions):

                        

Volume of Completed M&A Transactions:

                        

Global

   $ 1,352     $ 1,220     $ 1,574  

Trans-Atlantic

     102       102       104  

Global Corporate Debt Defaults

     164       34       16  
                          

 

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The geographical distribution of Financial Advisory net revenue is set forth below in percentage terms. The offices that generate our Financial Advisory net revenue are located in North America, Europe (principally in the U.K., France, Italy and Germany) and the rest of the world (principally in Asia).

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 

North America

   41 %   49 %   45 %

Europe

   57 %   50 %   54 %

Rest of World

   2 %   1 %   1 %
    

 

 

Total

   100 %   100 %   100 %
    

 

 

 

Lazard Group’s managing directors and many of its professionals have significant experience, and many of them are able to use this experience to advise on both mergers and acquisitions and restructuring transactions, depending on our clients’ needs. This flexibility allows Lazard Group to better match its professional staff with the counter-cyclical business cycles of mergers and acquisitions and financial restructurings. While Lazard Group measures revenue by practice area, Lazard Group does not separately measure the separate costs or profitability of mergers and acquisitions services as compared to financial restructuring services. Accordingly, Lazard Group measures performance in its Financial Advisory segment based on overall segment net revenue and operating income margins.

 

Financial Advisory Results of Operations

 

2004 versus 2003.    In 2004, M&A net revenue increased by $62 million, or 15%, driven by the improved environment for mergers and acquisitions activity. The increase in M&A net revenue was offset by a $149 million, or 61%, decrease in Financial Restructuring net revenue versus 2003, consistent with the decline in global corporate debt defaults that began in 2003. Other Financial Advisory net revenue increased by $51 million primarily due to net revenue generated from a new service that raises capital for private equity funds that commenced operations in 2003, as well as increased underwriting net revenue in corporate finance activities.

 

Clients with whom Lazard Group transacted significant business in 2004 included Air Liquide, Bank One, Fisher Scientific, Intesa, Interbrew, MG Technologies, National Energy & Gas, Pfizer, Pirelli, Resolution Life, UCB and Veolia Environment.

 

Financial Advisory net revenue in 2004 was earned from 435 clients, compared to 370 in 2003. Advisory fees of $1 million or more were earned from 136 of our clients for 2004, compared to 137 in 2003. In 2004, the ten largest fee-paying clients constituted 25% of Financial Advisory segment net revenue. There were no clients in 2004 that individually constituted more than 10% of Financial Advisory segment net revenue.

 

Operating expenses were $444 million for 2004, an increase of $64 million, or 17%, versus operating expenses of $380 million in 2003. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense increased by $41 million, or 21%. While changes in employee compensation are generally correlated to changes in employee headcount, the timing and composition of such headcount changes may have a direct impact on the level of any given year’s compensation and benefit expense. More specifically, in 2004, while total employee headcount in the Financial Advisory segment decreased, employee compensation and benefits expense increased primarily due to an increase in headcount in certain of our offices and in new offices or new service groups that were partially or not operational in 2003, and increased pension costs in the U.S. and Europe, partially offset by a $4 million decrease related to the

 

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termination of a post-retirement medical plan in Europe. Other operating expenses increased by $23 million, or 12%, due to increases in premises and occupancy expense of $7 million, travel and entertainment expense of $4 million, communications, information services and equipment of $2 million and all other expenses, which in the aggregate increased by $10 million. Premises and occupancy expense increased due to higher occupancy costs in Europe as well as in the U.S. for offices that were not operating for the full year in 2003. Travel and entertainment expense increased due to business development efforts. Communications, information services and equipment expense increased due to additional technology and equipment expense in certain offices in the U.S. and Europe and technology upgrades in the U.S.

 

Financial Advisory operating income was $212 million for 2004, a decrease of $99 million, or 32%, versus operating income of $311 million for 2003. Operating income as a percentage of segment net revenue was 32% for 2004 versus 45% in 2003.

 

2003 versus 2002.    In 2003, Financial Restructuring net revenue increased by $120 million, or 96% versus 2002, as restructuring activity peaked following the rise in corporate debt defaults during the preceding three years. In addition, the growth in net revenue was driven by fees earned on a number of unusually large restructuring transactions that were completed in 2003. During the same period, M&A net revenue increased by $27 million, or 7%, versus 2002, despite an industry-wide decline in global completed M&A activity. The improvement in our M&A net revenue was driven by our increased involvement globally in mergers and acquisitions transactions valued in excess of $1 billion. Such transactions generally earn higher fees per transaction, which is reflected in the higher proportion in 2003 of our net revenue attributable to our ten largest clients. In addition, net revenue generated by our operations in Italy, which held a leading market position, grew substantially on improved mergers and acquisitions activity in the region. Other Financial Advisory net revenue increased by $11 million due to revenue generated from new service groups that commenced operations in 2003, increased underwriting activity and increases in other miscellaneous income.

 

Clients with whom Lazard Group transacted significant business in 2003 included Canary Wharf Group, Charter Communications, Conseco, Corus Group, Edison International, Fiat, Intesa, Microsoft, Pfizer, Pirelli Group, Sierra Pacific Resources, Vivendi Universal, WorldCom and Xcel Energy.

 

Financial Advisory net revenue in 2003 was earned from 370 clients, compared to 383 in 2002. Advisory fees of $1 million or more were earned from 137 of our clients in 2003, compared to 136 in 2002. In 2003, the ten largest fee-paying clients constituted 30% of Financial Advisory segment net revenue. There were no clients in 2003 that individually constituted more than 10% of Financial Advisory segment net revenue.

 

Operating expenses were $380 million for 2003, an increase of $49 million, or 15%, versus operating expenses of $331 million in 2002. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense increased by $19 million, or 11%, primarily due to increased revenue and increased headcount in select offices and new service groups. Other operating expenses increased by $31 million, or 19%, due to increases in premises and occupancy expense of $9 million, or 49%, travel and entertainment expense of $4 million, or 26%, and support costs of $18 million, or 28%. Premises and occupancy expense increased principally due to higher occupancy cost in London and Paris, and new offices in Houston and Los Angeles. Travel and entertainment expense increased across all offices primarily due to increased business development efforts and an increase in managing director headcount compared to 2002.

 

Financial Advisory operating income was $311 million in 2003, an increase of $109 million, or 54%, versus operating income of $202 million in 2002. Operating income as a percentage of segment net revenue was 45% in 2003 versus 38% in 2002.

 

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Asset Management

 

The following table shows the composition of AUM mandates for our Asset Management segment:

 

     As of December 31,

     2002

     2003

     2004

     ($ in millions)

AUM

                        

International Equities

   $ 23,141      $ 34,389      $ 39,267

Global Equities

     12,806        15,922        17,762

U.S. Equities

     9,878        12,236        12,716
    

    

    

Total Equities

     45,825        62,547        69,745
    

    

    

International Fixed Income

     4,164        5,174        6,226

Global Fixed Income

     1,723        1,932        2,008

U.S. Fixed Income

     4,850        4,393        2,970
    

    

    

Total Fixed Income

     10,737        11,499        11,204
    

    

    

Alternative Investments

     4,094        1,370        2,800

Merchant Banking

     272        411        551

Cash Management

     2,757        2,544        2,135
    

    

    

Total AUM

   $ 63,685      $ 78,371      $ 86,435
    

    

    

 

The following is a summary of changes in Asset Management’s AUM and average AUM during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. Average AUM is based on an average of quarterly ending balances for the respective periods.

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

       2003

     2004

 
     ($ in millions)  

AUM—Beginning of Year

   $ 73,108        $ 63,685      $ 78,371  

Net Flows

     (3,573 )        (1,111 )      (3,489 )

Market Appreciation (Depreciation)

     (7,215 )        14,457        10,793  

Foreign Currency Adjustments

     1,365          1,340        760  
    


    


  


AUM—End of Year

   $ 63,685        $ 78,371      $ 86,435  
    


    


  


Average AUM

   $ 68,356        $ 66,321      $ 80,261  
    


    


  


 

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The following table summarizes the operating results of the Asset Management segment:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

   2004

     ($ in thousands)

Management and Other Fees

   $ 381,256    $ 312,123    $ 389,812

Incentive Fees

     73,427      38,225      27,354
    

  

  

Net Revenue

     454,683      350,348      417,166
    

  

  

Direct Employee Compensation and Benefits

     131,601      108,701      134,097

Other Operating Expenses(a)

     167,016      131,187      147,932
    

  

  

Total Operating Expenses

     298,617      239,888      282,029
    

  

  

Operating Income

   $ 156,066    $ 110,460    $ 135,137
    

  

  

Headcount(b):

                    

Managing Directors

     19      24      35

Other Employees

     661      571      581
    

  

  

Total

     680      595      616
    

  

  


(a) Includes indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto).
(b) Excludes headcount related to support functions. Such headcount is included in the Corporate headcount.

 

The geographical distribution of Asset Management net revenue is set forth below in percentage terms:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 

North America

   72 %   63 %   59 %

Europe

   22 %   30 %   33 %

Rest of World

   6 %   7 %   8 %
    

 

 

Total

   100 %   100 %   100 %
    

 

 

 

Asset Management Results of Operations

 

2004 versus 2003.    Asset Management net revenue was $417 million in 2004, an increase of $67 million, or 19%, versus net revenue of $350 million in 2003. Management and Other Fees in 2004 were $390 million, up $78 million, or 25%, versus 2003. Incentive fees earned in 2004 were $27 million, a decrease of $11 million versus $38 million in 2003, due to lower performance in certain investment funds.

 

For 2004, average AUM increased by approximately $13.9 billion, or 21%, versus 2003. Management and Other Fees grew at a faster rate than average AUM primarily due to a greater percentage of AUM concentrated in equity and alternative investments versus fixed income products (84% of total AUM in 2004 as compared to 82% in 2003), which generally earn higher management fees.

 

AUM as of December 31, 2004 was $86.4 billion, an increase of $8 billion, or 10%, versus AUM of $78.4 billion as of December 31, 2003. During 2004, the increase in AUM was primarily due to market appreciation of $10.8 billion that more than offset net outflows of $3.5 billion. Net outflows were principally related to performance related withdrawals, asset allocation decisions and corporate restructurings.

 

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Operating expenses were $282 million in 2004, an increase of $42 million, or 18%, versus operating expenses of $240 million in 2003. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense increased by $25 million, or 23%, versus 2003, primarily due to increases in performance-based bonuses relating to the increased operating results and to a lesser extent, increases in headcount to support global growth. Other operating expenses increased by $17 million, or 13%, versus 2003 principally due to increases in premises and occupancy expense of $3 million, or 14%, and travel and entertainment expense of $2 million, or 20%, equipment expense of $2 million, or 72%, and all other expenses which, in the aggregate, increased $10 million or 10%.

 

Asset Management operating income was $135 million in 2004, an increase of $25 million, or 22%, versus operating income of $110 million for 2003. Operating income as a percentage of segment net revenue was 32% for the 2004 versus 32% for 2003.

 

2003 versus 2002.    Asset Management net revenue was $350 million in 2003, a decrease of $105 million, or 23%, from net revenue of $455 million in 2002. Management and Other fees for 2003 were $312 million, down $69 million, or 18%, versus the corresponding period in 2002. Incentive fees earned in 2003 were $38 million, $35 million lower than in 2002. Lower average AUM, significant net outflows in alternative investments and the decline in incentive fees, resulted in a decrease in net revenue in 2003.

 

In 2003, average AUM decreased by $2.0 billion, or 3%, versus 2002, primarily due to net asset outflows that occurred in early 2003. The majority of the net asset outflow occurred in the alternative investment product area due to the departure in early 2003 of a hedge fund manager and team. This outflow resulted in both reduced management fees and incentive fees in 2003. As the mix of AUM in 2003 shifted away from higher margin alternative investments, the average fees earned on AUM were lower in 2003 than in 2002. By the end of 2003, the downward trend in AUM was reversed due to significant market appreciation and an increase in net inflows of assets beginning in the second quarter, which offset the market depreciation and net outflows experienced in the first quarter.

 

AUM at December 31, 2003 was $78.4 billion, up approximately $15 billion from December 31, 2002 due almost entirely to market appreciation.

 

Operating expenses were $240 million for 2003, a decrease of $59 million, or 20%, versus operating expenses of $299 million in 2002. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense decreased by $23 million, or 17%, $10 million of which related to the reporting of compensation for non-managing directors who are members of LAM. In prior years, such compensation was reported in employee compensation and benefits expense. Also contributing to the decrease was lower headcount and performance-based bonuses as a result of lower operating results in 2003. Other operating expenses decreased $36 million, or 21%, in 2003 compared to 2002. Professional fees were $6 million lower than in 2002 when additional expense was incurred relating to the dissolving of an Asset Management partnership arrangement and the reorganization of the LAM capital structure. Other expenses were $30 million lower than in 2002 principally due to additional costs incurred in 2002 relating to dissolving the aforementioned Asset Management partnership arrangement and, to a lesser extent, lower support costs and equipment expenses.

 

Asset Management operating income was $110 million in 2003, a decrease of $46 million, or 29%, versus operating income of $156 million in 2002. Operating income as a percentage of segment net revenue was 32% in 2003 versus 34% in 2002.

 

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Capital Markets and Other

 

The following table summarizes the operating results of the Capital Markets and Other segment:

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 
     ($ in thousands)  

Revenue:

                        

Capital Markets advisory fees

   $ 3,335     $ 1,568     $ 10,153  

Money management fees

     25,753       23,272       44,951  

Commissions

     48,724       43,184       51,871  

Trading Gains and losses-net

     60,768       39,124       30,841  

Underwriting

     11,268       17,496       34,278  

Investment gains (losses), non-trading-net

     21,145       7,911       10,087  

Interest Income

     39,432       21,988       19,705  

Other

     (2,699 )     (3,815 )     538  
    


 


 


Total revenue

     207,726       150,728       202,424  

Interest expense

     (33,417 )     (15,194 )     (14,324 )
    


 


 


Net Revenue

     174,309       135,534       188,100  
    


 


 


Direct Employee Compensation and Benefits

     68,748       83,909       96,544  

Other Operating Expenses(a)

     89,663       98,286       95,927  
    


 


 


Total Operating Expenses

     158,411       182,195       192,471  
    


 


 


Operating Income (Loss)

   $ 15,898     $ (46,661 )   $ (4,371 )
    


 


 


Headcount(b):

                        

Managing Directors

     20       22       22  

Other Employees

     176       168       223  
    


 


 


Total

     196       190       245  
    


 


 



(a) Includes indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto).
(b) Excludes headcount related to support functions. Such headcount is included in the Corporate headcount.

 

Capital Markets and Other Results of Operations

 

The net revenue included in the Capital Markets and Other segment is related primarily to revenue earned from underwriting fees from securities offerings and secondary trading revenue earned in the form of commissions and trading profits from principal transactions in equity, fixed income and convertibles businesses. In addition, this segment earned underwriting and other fee revenue from corporate broking in the U.K. related to the January 2004 acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon. Also included in this segment are fund management fees and, if applicable, carried interest incentive fees related to merchant banking funds managed as part of this segment. Carried interest fees are earned when profits from merchant banking investments exceed a certain threshold. In addition, investment income and net interest income from long-term investments, cash balances and securities financing transactions also are included in the Capital Markets and Other segment. These capital market activities will be part of the businesses separated from the operations of Lazard Group in connection with the separation. The results of the operations of the Capital Markets and Other segment are included in Lazard Group’s historical financial statements, however, after the completion of the separation, Lazard Group will no longer own the Capital Markets and Other segment and will report the segment as a discontinued operation. However, Lazard Group has an option under the business alliance agreement to acquire the merchant banking business from LFCM Holdings. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Business Alliance Agreement.”

 

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2004 versus 2003.    Capital Markets and Other net revenue was $188 million in 2004, an increase of $52 million, or 39%, versus net revenue of $136 million in 2003. Higher net revenue in sales and trading was the principal contributor to the increase, including net revenue of $18 million generated from certain product areas not previously offered by Lazard Group, due to the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon in January 2004. Increases in primary revenue in corporate broking, corporate bonds, convertibles and secondary revenue in equities were offset by a decrease in secondary trading in fixed income. In addition, incentive fees earned on the realization of carried interest on real estate-related merchant banking funds were $23 million in 2004, versus $3 million recorded in 2003.

 

Operating expenses were $192 million for 2004, an increase of $10 million, or 6%, versus operating expenses of $182 million in 2003. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense in 2004 increased by $13 million, or 15%, primarily due to increases in headcount associated with the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon in 2004 and bonuses related to the carried interest incentive fees, partially offset by decreases in bonus accruals in certain areas that experienced declines in revenue in the 2004 period. Other operating expenses decreased by $3 million, or 2%. Premises and occupancy costs decreased by $15 million in 2004, principally due to reductions of $10 million related to abandoned space in our London facilities as well as a reduction of approximately $6 million of duplicate rent paid in 2003 that did not recur in 2004. Professional fees increased by $16 million in 2004, primarily due to integration costs associated with the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon, payments to former employees as a result of carried interest incentive fees recorded in merchant banking and consulting fees relating to our recently initiated merchant banking activities in the U.K. All other expenses in the aggregate decreased by $4 million, principally due to lower expenses associated with the 2003 settlement of a dispute relating to a merchant banking fund as well as lower travel and entertainment expenses. In connection with the acquisition of the assets of Panmure Gordon during 2004, new service groups were added that did not exist in 2003 and which added an aggregate of $5 million across all other expense categories.

 

Capital Markets and Other operating loss was $4 million in 2004, versus a loss of $47 million in 2003. Operating loss as a percentage of segment net revenue was 2% for 2004, versus a loss of 34% in 2003.

 

2003 versus 2002.    Capital Markets and Other net revenue was $135 million in 2003, a decrease of $39 million, or 22%, from net revenue of $174 million in 2002. The decrease in net revenue in 2003 was principally due to a gain in 2002 of $27 million on the sale of a portion of a long-term investment that did not recur in 2003. Also contributing to the decrease was lower secondary trading revenue of $12 million.

 

Operating expenses were $182 million for 2003, an increase of $24 million, or 15%, versus operating expenses of $158 million in 2002. Direct employee compensation and benefits expense in 2003 increased by $15 million, or 22%, primarily due to the establishment of a new convertible bond desk, the addition of a new equity team in London and an increase in employee bonuses in the corporate bond area. Offsetting these increases were decreases in headcount and performance-based bonuses in other product areas. Other operating expenses increased by $9 million, or 10%, primarily related to expenses associated with the aforementioned settlement of a dispute relating to a merchant banking fund.

 

Capital Markets and Other operating loss was $47 million in 2003 versus operating income of $16 million in 2002. Operating loss as a percentage of net revenue was 34% in 2003 versus operating income as a percentage of net revenue of 9% in 2002.

 

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Geographic Data

 

For a summary of the consolidated net revenue and identifiable assets of Lazard Group as of and for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 by geographic region, see Note 15 of notes to our historical consolidated financial statements.

 

Cash Flows

 

Historically, Lazard Group’s cash flows have been influenced primarily by the timing of receipt of Financial Advisory and Asset Management fees, the timing of distributions to members and payment of bonuses to employees. In general, we collect our accounts receivable within 60 days. In restructuring transactions, particularly restructurings involving bankruptcies, receivables sometimes take longer to collect than 60 days due to issues such as court-ordered holdbacks.

 

Cash and cash equivalents were $274 million at December 31, 2004, a decrease of $42 million versus cash and cash equivalents of $316 million at December 31, 2003. During 2004, cash of $426 million was provided by operating activities, including $247 million from net income allocable to members, $105 million of noncash charges, principally consisting of depreciation and amortization of $17 million and minority interest of $88 million and $74 million being provided by net changes in other operating assets and operating liabilities. Cash of $10 million was used for investing activities principally related to net additions to property. Financing activities during this period used $470 million of cash, primarily for distributions to members and minority interest holders of $469 million. Lazard Group traditionally makes payments for employee bonuses and distributions to members and minority interest holders in the first quarter with respect to the prior year’s results.

 

Cash and cash equivalents were $316 million at December 31, 2003, a decrease of $17 million versus cash and cash equivalents of $333 million at December 31, 2002. During the year ended December 31, 2003, cash of $207 million was provided by operating activities, including $250 million from net income allocable to members, and $109 million of noncash charges principally consisting of depreciation and amortization of $14 million and minority interest of $95 million, with these items partially offset by net changes in other operating assets and operating liabilities of $152 million. Cash of $54 million was provided by investing activities, principally as a result of proceeds of $100 million from the formation of the strategic alliance in Italy, offset by net additions in property relating to leasehold improvements, principally in London and Paris, of $46 million. Financing activities used $287 million of cash, primarily relating to distributions to members and minority interest holders of $452 million, partially offset by $200 million invested by Intesa in connection with the formation of the strategic alliance in Italy.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Historically, Lazard Group’s source of liquidity has been cash provided by operations, with a traditional seasonal pattern of cash flow. While employee salaries are paid throughout the year, annual discretionary bonuses have historically been paid to employees in January relating to the prior year. Our managing directors are paid a salary during the year, but a majority of their annual cash distributions with respect to the prior year have historically been paid to them in three monthly installments in February, March and April. In addition, and to a lesser extent, during the year we pay certain tax advances on behalf of our managing directors, and these advances serve to reduce the amounts due to the managing directors in the three installments described above. As a consequence, our level of cash on hand decreases significantly during the first quarter of the year and gradually builds up over the remaining three quarters of the year. We expect this seasonal pattern of cash flow to continue.

 

Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Many of Lazard Group’s non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency, i.e., the currency in which operational

 

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activities are primarily conducted, that is other than the U.S. dollar, generally the currency of the country in which such subsidiaries are domiciled. Such subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at year end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional currency are reported as a component of members’ equity. Such currency translation adjustments served to increase members’ equity by approximately $47 million, $51 million and $30 million in the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses on transactions in non-functional currencies are included on the consolidated statements of income.

 

During 2002, 2003 and 2004, following the hiring of new senior management, Lazard Group invested significant amounts in the recruitment and retention of senior professionals in an effort to reinvest in the intellectual capital of Lazard Group’s business. As a result, while payments for services rendered by our managing directors prior to 2002 generally did not exceed net income allocable to members, in 2002, 2003 and 2004, distributions to its managing directors exceeded its net income allocable to members. The amounts of the distributions that exceeded net income allocable to members were the primary cause for a decrease in members’ equity during these periods. On a pro forma basis, Lazard Group will realize a further reduction of members’ equity as a result of the separation. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition.”

 

We regularly monitor our liquidity position, including cash levels, credit lines, principal investment commitments, interest and principal payments on debt, capital expenditures and matters relating to liquidity and to compliance with regulatory net capital requirements. We maintain senior and subordinated lines of credit in excess of anticipated liquidity requirements. As of December 31, 2004, Lazard Group had $212 million in unused lines of credit available to it. These facilities provide us with the ability to meet short-term cash flow needs resulting from our various business activities. If these facilities prove to be insufficient, we would seek additional financing in the credit or capital markets, although we may be unsuccessful in obtaining such additional financing on acceptable terms or at all. A significant portion of these capital lines support the capital markets and other separated businesses.

 

Lazard Group’s cash flow generated from operations historically has been sufficient to enable it to meet its obligations, including interest on $350 million of financings obtained since 2001. We believe that our cash flows from operating activities, after giving effect to the separation, should be sufficient for us to fund our current obligations for the next 12 months and beyond. In addition, we intend to maintain lines of credit that can be utilized should the need arise. Lazard Group entered into a commitment letter dated April 14, 2005 that provides that, subject to customary conditions precedent for transactions of this nature, including the consummation of this offering, a group of lenders will provide a five-year $125 million revolving credit facility for Lazard Group and a separate $25 million subordinated credit facility for Lazard Frères & Co. LLC, our U.S. broker dealer. The Lazard Frères & Co. LLC facility will be a four-year revolving credit facility, and then will continue as a term loan facility for an additional year. Each facility will contain customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default for facilities of this type. The facilities will, among other things, limit the ability of the borrower to incur debt, grant liens, pay dividends, enter into mergers or to sell all or substantially all of its assets. In addition, each facility will contain financial covenants that must be maintained. The Lazard Frères & Co. LLC facility is intended to qualify as a satisfactory subordination agreement in accordance with the applicable NASD rules and regulations. We may, to the extent required and subject to restrictions contained in our financing arrangements, use other financing sources in addition to any new credit facilities.

 

Over the past several years, Lazard Group has entered into several financing agreements designed to strengthen both its capital base and liquidity, the most significant of which are described below. Each of these agreements is discussed in more detail in our historical consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

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In March 2001, Lazard Group issued $100 million of Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Class C Preferred Interests”). The Class C Preferred Interests are subject to mandatory redemption by Lazard Group in March 2011 and, prior to such date, are redeemable in whole or in part, at Lazard Group’s option. The Class C Preferred Interests are entitled to receive distributions out of the profits of Lazard Group at a rate of 8% per annum, which distributions must be paid prior to any distributions of profits to holders of any other existing class of interests in Lazard Group. Unpaid distributions on the Class C Preferred Interests accrue but are not compounded. Upon liquidation of Lazard Group, the Class C Preferred Interests rank senior to members’ equity. The Class C Preferred Interests will be redeemed in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

In May 2001, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Group issued $50 million of Senior Notes due 2011. These notes, which are unsecured obligations and guaranteed by Lazard Group, currently bear interest at an annual rate of 7.53%.

 

In September 2002, Lazard Group and Intesa announced their agreement to form a strategic alliance wherein effective January 2003, Intesa effectively became a 40% partner in Lazard Group’s business in Italy. Pursuant to the terms of this strategic alliance, Intesa made a $100 million investment in Lazard Group’s business in Italy, and purchased a $50 million subordinated promissory note issued by Lazard Group’s business in Italy. The subordinated promissory note has a scheduled maturity in 2078 (subject to extension), with interest payable annually at the rate of 3.0% per annum.

 

From time to time, we have considered appropriate modifications to our relationship with Intesa. We have held various discussions with Intesa in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, and Intesa has notified us of its intention not to extend the term of the joint venture relationship beyond the expiration date of December 31, 2007. As a result, under the terms of the strategic alliance, unless we and Intesa otherwise agree, we will repurchase its 40% interest in our business in Italy and repay the $50 million subordinated promissory note for an aggregate amount not to exceed $150 million, less distributions received by Intesa in connection with the joint venture, on or prior to February 4, 2008. Based on the current performance of the joint venture we do not currently expect any expiration of the joint venture to have a material adverse effect on our operating results.

 

In addition to its direct investment in Lazard Group’s business in Italy, Intesa also purchased a $150 million subordinated convertible promissory note from a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Group. The subordinated convertible promissory note, which is guaranteed by Lazard Group, is convertible into a contractual right that entitles the holder to receive payments in certain fundamental transactions, including the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Lazard Group, the sale of a substantial goodwill equity stake to a third party or the disposition of a line of business or a key House. The amounts payable under this contractual right are generally equal to the amounts that would have then been payable in respect of a working member goodwill interest at Lazard Group that was entitled to 3% of the aggregate goodwill-related distributions at the time of issuance of the $150 million subordinated convertible promissory note, as if the goodwill interests of Lazard Group continued to be issued and outstanding after the separation and recapitalization transactions. This subordinated convertible promissory note has a scheduled maturity in 2018 and has interest payable annually at a variable interest rate between 3.0% and 3.25% per annum. The annual interest rate was 3.0% for the 12 months ended March 25, 2005 and is 3.25% for the 12 months ending March 25, 2006.

 

As of December 31, 2004, Lazard Group was in compliance with all of its obligations under its various borrowing arrangements.

 

We actively monitor our regulatory capital base. Our principal subsidiaries are subject to regulatory requirements in their respective jurisdictions to ensure their general financial soundness and liquidity, which requires, among other things, that we comply with certain minimum capital requirements, record-keeping, reporting procedures, relationships with customers, experience and

 

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training requirements for employees and certain other requirements and procedures. These regulatory requirements may restrict the flow of funds to affiliates. Regulatory approval is generally required for paying dividends in excess of certain established levels. See Note 13 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. These regulations differ in the U.S., the U.K., France, and other countries that we operate in. Our capital structure is designed to provide each of our subsidiaries with capital and liquidity consistent with its business and regulatory requirements. For a discussion of regulations relating to us, see “Business—Regulation” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Substantially all of the net proceeds to be received from this offering and the additional financing transactions will be utilized in connection with the recapitalization, and, to a lesser extent, to capitalize LFCM Holdings. See “Use of Proceeds” and “Capitalization.” We expect that the net incremental interest cost related to this offering and the additional financing transactions will be approximately $52 million per year. We expect to service the resultant incremental debt with operating cash flow and the utilization of credit facilities and, to the extent required, other financing sources.

 

In connection with the separation, we expect that Lazard Group will have the right to purchase the separated merchant banking activities from LFCM Holdings after this offering as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Business Alliance Agreement.”

 

We expect that, as a result of this offering and related transactions, and future exchanges of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock, the tax basis of Lazard Group’s tangible and intangible assets attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group will be increased. These increases in the tax basis of Lazard Group’s tangible and intangible assets attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group would not have been available to our subsidiaries but for the redemption of the historical partner interests and the future exchanges of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock. We further expect that any such increases in tax basis may reduce the amount of tax that our subsidiaries might otherwise be required to pay in the future.

 

Our subsidiaries intend to enter into a tax receivable agreement with LFCM Holdings that will provide for the payment by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that our subsidiaries actually realize as a result of these increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to our subsidiaries’ entering into the tax receivable agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement. Any amount paid by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings will generally be distributed to the working members in proportion to their goodwill interests underlying the working member interests held by or allocated to such persons immediately prior to the formation of the new holding company pursuant to the separation. While the actual amount and timing of payments under the tax receivable agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and the amount and timing of our subsidiaries’ income, we expect that, as a result of the size of the increase in the tax basis of Lazard Group’s tangible and intangible assets attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group, during the expected 24-year term of the tax receivable agreement, the payments that may be made to LFCM Holdings could be substantial. If the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests had been effectively exchanged in a taxable transaction for common stock at the time of the closing of this offering, the increase in the tax basis attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group would have been approximately $1.7 billion, assuming an initial offering price of $26.00 per share of common stock (the midpoint of the range of initial public offering prices set forth on the cover of the prospectus for the equity public offering), including the increase in tax basis associated with the redemption and recapitalization. The cash savings that our subsidiaries would actually realize as a result of this increase in tax basis likely would be significantly less than this amount multiplied by our effective tax

 

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rate due to a number of factors, including the allocation of the increase in tax basis to foreign assets, the impact of the increase in the tax basis on our ability to use foreign tax credits and the rules relating to the amortization of intangible assets. The tax receivable agreement will require approximately 85% of such cash savings, if any, to be paid to LFCM Holdings. The actual increase in tax basis will depend, among other factors, upon the price of shares of our common stock at the time of the exchange and, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and, as a result, could differ materially from this amount. Our ability to achieve benefits from any such increase, and the payments to be made under this agreement, will depend upon a number of factors, as discussed above, including the timing and amount of our future income. In addition, if the IRS successfully challenges the tax basis increase, under certain circumstances, our subsidiaries could make payments to LFCM Holdings under the tax receivable agreement in excess of our subsidiaries’ cash tax savings. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

 

Lazard Ltd has not declared or paid any cash dividends on its common equity since its inception. Subject to compliance with applicable law, Lazard Ltd currently intends to declare quarterly dividends on all outstanding shares of common stock and expects its initial quarterly dividend to be approximately $0.09 per share, payable in respect of the second quarter of 2005 (to be prorated for the portion of that quarter following the closing of the offering). The Class B common stock will not be entitled to dividend rights. The declaration of this and any other dividends and, if declared, the amount of any such dividend, will be subject to the actual future earnings, cash flow and capital requirements of our company, the amount of distributions to us from Lazard Group and the discretion of our board of directors. See “Dividend Policy” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Summary of Quarterly Performance

 

The following tables present unaudited condensed quarterly consolidated financial information on a historical basis for each of Lazard Group’s eight trailing quarters consisting of the first, second, third and fourth quarters of 2003 and 2004, respectively. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future period.

 

   

Quarterly Performance

Three Months Ended


    March 31,
2003


   June 30,
2003


  September 30,
2003


  December 31,
2003


    ($ in thousands)

Net Revenue

  $ 228,791    $ 271,008   $ 306,270   $ 377,315

Operating Expenses

    179,591      183,706     189,400     241,333
   

  

 

 

Operating Income

  $ 49,200    $ 87,302   $ 116,870   $ 135,982
   

  

 

 

Income Allocable to Members Before Extraordinary Gain

  $ 36,990    $ 64,983   $ 69,951   $ 78,459
   

  

 

 

Net Income Allocable to Members

  $ 36,990    $ 64,983   $ 69,951   $ 78,459
   

  

 

 

   

Quarterly Performance

Three Months Ended


    March 31,
2004


   June 30,
2004


  September 30,
2004


  December 31,
2004


    ($ in thousands)

Net Revenue

  $ 245,589    $ 327,585   $ 261,754   $ 439,377

Operating Expenses

    217,692      211,587     210,083     277,181
   

  

 

 

Operating Income

  $ 27,897    $ 115,998   $ 51,671   $ 162,196
   

  

 

 

Income Allocable to Members Before Extraordinary Gain

  $ 15,053    $ 73,839   $ 39,917   $ 112,658
   

  

 

 

Net Income Allocable to Members

  $ 15,053    $ 79,363   $ 39,900   $ 112,658
   

  

 

 

 

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Net revenue and operating income historically have fluctuated significantly between quarters. This variability arises from the fact that transaction completion fees comprise the majority of our net revenue, with the billing and recognition of such fees being dependent upon the successful completion of client transactions, the occurrence and timing of which is irregular and not subject to our control. In addition, incentive fees earned on AUM and compensation related thereto are generally not recorded until the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, when potential uncertainties regarding the ultimate realizable amounts have been determined.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

The following table sets forth information relating to our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2004:

     Contractual Obligations Payment Due by Period

     Total

   Less than 1
Year


   1 - 3 Years

   3 - 5 Years

   More than 5
Years


     ($ in thousands)

Operating Leases

   $ 542,124    $ 50,145    $ 94,356    $ 88,414    $ 309,209

Capital Leases

     66,554      26,558      5,770      5,770      28,456

Notes Payable and Subordinated
Loans (a)

     270,777      20,777      —        —        250,000

Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred
Stock (a)

     100,000      —        —        —        100,000

Merchant Banking Commitments (b)

     14,031      2,526      11,505      —        —  

Contractual Commitments to Managing Directors, Senior Advisors and Employees (c)

     72,573      38,008      33,583      982      —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total (d)

   $ 1,066,059    $ 138,014    $ 145,214    $ 95,166    $ 687,665
    

  

  

  

  


(a) The $50 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011 are expected to be repaid and the Class C Preferred Interests will be redeemed in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions.
(b) We may be required to fund our merchant banking commitments at any time through 2006, depending on the timing and level of investments by our merchant banking funds.
(c) During 2002, 2003 and 2004, following the hiring of new senior management, Lazard Group invested significant amounts in the recruitment and retention of senior professionals in an effort to reinvest in the intellectual capital of Lazard Group’s business. The majority of these commitments expired on December 31, 2004. The nature of the commitments to managing directors and employees, which represent most of the future commitments, is related primarily to guaranteed payments for services of managing directors and guaranteed compensation for employees. These payments and compensation were guaranteed to recruit and retain the professional talent needed to promote growth in our business. As a result, while payments for services rendered by our managing directors prior to 2002 generally did not exceed net income allocable to members, in 2002, 2003 and 2004 distributions to our managing directors exceeded our net income allocable to members.
(d) The table above does not include any potential obligations relating to the LAM equity rights.

 

The contractual obligations table above does not include the following developments since December 31, 2004: (1) obligations related to Corporate Partners II Limited, a new private equity fund formed on February 25, 2005, with $1 billion of institutional capital commitments and a $100 million capital commitment from us, which may require funding at any time through 2010, and (2) any potential payment related to the IXIS cooperation arrangement. The level of this potential payment to IXIS would depend, among other things, on the level of revenue generated by the cooperation activities. The potential payment is limited to a maximum of approximately 16.5 million (subject to reduction in certain circumstances) which would only occur if the cooperation activities generate no revenue over the course of the three-year initial period of such activities, the cooperation agreement is not renewed and our stock price fails to sustain certain price levels. We have held various discussions with Intesa in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions, and Intesa has notified us of its intention not to extend the term of the joint venture relationship beyond the expiration date of December 31, 2007. As a result, under the terms of the strategic alliance, unless we and Intesa otherwise agree, in 2008 we will repurchase its 40% interest in our business in Italy and repay the $50

 

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million subordinated promissory note included within notes payable and subordinated debt in the table above for an aggregate amount not to exceed $150 million, less distributions received by Intesa in connection with the joint venture, on or prior to February, 4, 2008.

 

Exchange/Clearinghouse Member Guarantees

 

Lazard Group is a member of various U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges and clearinghouses that trade and clear securities or futures contracts. Associated with its membership, Lazard Group may be required to pay a proportionate share of the financial obligations of another member who may default on its obligations to the exchange or the clearinghouse. To mitigate these performance risks, the exchanges and clearinghouses often require members to post collateral as well as meet minimum financial standards. While the rules governing different exchange or clearinghouse memberships vary, Lazard Group’s guarantee obligations generally would arise only if the exchange or clearinghouse had previously exhausted its resources. In addition, any such guarantee obligation would be apportioned among the other non-defaulting members of the exchange or clearinghouse. Any potential contingent liability under these membership agreements cannot be estimated. Lazard Group has not recorded any contingent liability in the consolidated financial statements for these agreements and believes that any potential requirement to make payments under these agreements is remote.

 

Effect of Inflation

 

Lazard Ltd does not believe inflation will significantly affect its compensation costs as they are substantially variable in nature. However, the rate of inflation may affect Lazard Group expenses such as information technology and occupancy costs. To the extent inflation results in rising interest rates and has other effects upon the securities markets, it may adversely affect our financial position and results of operations by reducing AUM, net revenue or otherwise. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Difficult market conditions can adversely affect our business in many ways, including by reducing the volume and value of the transactions involving our Financial Advisory business and reducing the value or performance of the assets we manage in our Asset Management business which, in each case, could materially reduce our revenue or income.”

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Management’s discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, compensation liabilities, income taxes, investing activities and goodwill. We base these estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

We believe that the critical accounting policies set forth below comprise the most significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We generate substantially all of our net revenue from providing financial advisory, asset management and capital markets services to clients. We recognize revenue when the following criteria are met:

 

  Ÿ   there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement with a client,

 

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  Ÿ   we have provided the agreed-upon services,

 

  Ÿ   fees are fixed or determinable, and

 

  Ÿ   collection is probable.

 

Our clients generally enter into agreements with us that vary in duration depending on the nature of the service provided. We typically bill clients for the full amounts due under the applicable agreements on or after the dates on which the specified service has been provided. Generally, payments are due within 60 days of billing. We assess whether collection is probable based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the client and an assessment of the client’s current creditworthiness. If, in our judgment, collection of a fee is not probable, we will not recognize revenue until the uncertainty is removed. In rare cases, an allowance for doubtful collection may be established, for example, if a fee is in dispute or litigation has commenced.

 

Income Taxes

 

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process requires us to estimate our actual current tax liability and to assess temporary differences resulting from differing book versus tax treatment of items, such as deferred revenue, compensation and benefits expense, unrealized gains on long-term investments and depreciation. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated statements of financial condition. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and, to the extent we believe that recovery is not likely, we must establish a valuation allowance. Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. Lazard Group has recorded gross deferred tax assets of $60 million and $88 million as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, which are fully offset by a valuation allowance due to uncertainties related to its ability to utilize such deferred tax assets, which principally consist of certain foreign net operating loss carryforwards, before they expire. Our determination of the need for a valuation allowance is based on our estimates of future taxable income by jurisdiction, and the period over which our corresponding deferred tax assets will be recoverable. If actual results differ from these estimates or we adjust these estimates in future periods, we may need to adjust our valuation allowance, which could materially impact our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In addition, in order to determine our quarterly tax rate we are required to estimate full year pre-tax income and the related annual income tax expense in each jurisdiction. Tax exposures can involve complex issues and may require an extended period of time to resolve. Changes in the geographic mix or estimated level of annual pre-tax income can affect our overall effective tax rate. Significant management judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against our net deferred tax assets. Furthermore, our interpretation of complex tax laws may impact our measurement of current and deferred income taxes.

 

Valuation of Investments

 

“Marketable investments” and “long-term investments” consist principally of investments in exchange traded funds, merchant banking and alternative investment funds, and other privately managed investments. Gains and losses on marketable investments and long-term investments, which arise from changes in the fair value of the investments, are not predictable and can cause periodic fluctuations in net income allocable to members.

 

In determining fair value, we separate our investments into two categories. The first category consists of those investments that are publicly-traded, which, as of December 31, 2004, were

 

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approximately 49% of our marketable investments and long-term investments. For these investments, we determine value by quoted market prices. The second category consists of those that are not publicly-traded. For these investments, we determine value based upon our best estimate of fair value. As of December 31, 2004, this second category of investments comprises the remaining 51% of our marketable investments and long-term investments.

 

The fair value of those investments that are not publicly traded is based upon an analysis of the investee’s financial results, condition, cash flows and prospects. Adjustments to the carrying value of such investments are made if there are third-party transactions evidencing a change in value. Adjustments also are made, in the absence of third-party transactions, if we determine that the expected realizable value of the investment differs from its carrying value. In reaching that determination, we consider many factors, including, but not limited to, the operating cash flows and financial performance of the investee, expected exit timing and strategy, and any specific rights or terms associated with the investment, such as conversion features and liquidation preferences. Partnership interests, including general partnership and limited partnership interests in real estate funds, are recorded at fair value based on changes in the fair value of the partnership’s underlying net assets.

 

Because of the inherent uncertainty in the valuation of investments that are not readily marketable, estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been reported had a ready market for such investments existed. We seek to maintain the necessary resources, with the appropriate experience and training, to ensure that control and independent price verification functions are adequately performed.

 

Goodwill

 

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is tested for impairment annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. In this process, we make estimates and assumptions in order to determine the fair value of our assets and liabilities and to project future earnings using valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow model. We use our best judgment and information available to us at the time to perform this review. Because our assumptions and estimates are used in projecting future earnings as part of the valuation, actual results could differ.

 

Consolidation of VIEs

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lazard Group and all other entities in which we are the primary beneficiary or control. Lazard Group determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity (“VIE”) under U.S. GAAP.

 

  Ÿ   Voting Interest Entities.    Voting interest entities are entities in which (i) the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance itself independently and (ii) the equity holders have the obligation to absorb losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to make decisions about the entity’s activities. Voting interest entities are consolidated in accordance with Accounting Research Bulletin (“ARB”) No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” as amended. ARB No. 51 states that the usual condition for a controlling financial interest in an entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. Accordingly, Lazard Group consolidates voting interest entities in which it has the majority of the voting interest.

 

  Ÿ   Variable Interest Entities.    VIEs are entities that lack one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. A controlling financial interest in a VIE is present when an enterprise has a variable interest, or a combination of variable interests, that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected losses, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both.

 

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The enterprise with a controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE.

 

Lazard Group determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by first performing a qualitative analysis of the VIE that includes, among other factors, its capital structure, contractual terms, and related party relationships. Where qualitative analysis is not conclusive, Lazard Group performs a quantitative analysis. For purposes of allocating a VIE’s expected losses and expected residual returns to the VIE’s variable interest holders, Lazard Group calculates its share of the VIE’s expected losses and expected residual returns using a cash flows model that allocates those expected losses and residual returns to it, based on contractual arrangements and/or Lazard Group’s position in the capital structure of the VIE under various scenarios. Lazard Group would reconsider its assessment of whether it is the primary beneficiary if there are changes to any of the variables used in determining the primary beneficiary. Those variables may include changes to financial arrangements, contractual terms, capital structure and related party relationships.

 

In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 46R the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the VIE are included in the consolidated financial statements of Lazard Group if it is determined that we are the primary beneficiary. Any third party interest in these consolidated entities is reflected as minority interest in our consolidated financial statements.

 

Risk Management

 

Risk management is an important part of our business, but is focused primarily on the activities of the Capital Markets and Other segment, which will be part of the separated businesses and not be retained by us following this offering. As a result, we have separately summarized the discussion of risk management for our Financial Advisory and Asset Management, Corporate and Capital Markets and Other segments.

 

Financial Advisory and Asset Management

 

We believe that, due to the nature of the businesses and the manner in which we conduct our operations, the Financial Advisory and Asset Management segments are not subject to material market risks such as equity price risk, but are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risks which are summarized below.

 

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

 

Foreign currency exchange rate risk arises from the possibility that our revenue and expenses may be affected by movements in the rate of exchange between non-U.S. dollar denominated balances (primarily euros and British pounds) and the U.S. dollar, the currency in which our financial statements are presented. In 2004, approximately 27% of Lazard Group’s operating income was generated in non-U.S. dollar currencies.

 

Lazard Group generally does not hedge non-dollar foreign exchange exposure, as described above, arising in its operations outside the U.S. These foreign operations manage their individual foreign currency exposures with reference to their own base currency. However, Lazard Group does track and control the foreign currency exchange rate risks arising in each principal operation and has established limits for such exposures. In certain cases, Lazard Group may take open foreign exchange positions with a view to profit within internally defined limits, but Lazard Group does not utilize foreign exchange options in this context.

 

Based on the levels of operating income in 2004 denominated in euros and in British pounds, we estimate that operating income would increase or decrease by approximately $1.2 million in the event

 

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of a 1% change in the exchange rate of the euro versus the U.S. dollar and approximately $0.1 million in the event of a 1% change in the exchange rate of the British pound versus the U.S. dollar.

 

For more information, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could lower our net income or negatively impact the portfolios of our Asset Management clients and may affect the levels of our AUM.”

 

Corporate

 

Our Corporate activities are exposed to risks arising from transactions in trading and non-trading derivatives and to interest rate risk arising from short-term assets and third party loans.

 

Trading and Non-Trading Derivatives

 

We enter into forward foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps and other contracts for trading purposes, and non-trading derivative contracts, including forward foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps and other derivative contracts to hedge exposures to interest rate and currency fluctuations. These trading and non-trading contracts are recorded at their fair values on our statements of financial condition and the related gains and losses on trading contracts are included in “trading gains and losses—net” on our consolidated statements of income. Lazard Group’s hedging strategy is an integral part of its trading strategy and therefore the related gains and losses on Lazard Group’s hedging activities also are recorded in “trading gains and losses-net” on the consolidated statements of income.

 

The table below presents the fair values of Lazard Group’s trading and non-trading derivatives as of December 31, 2003 and 2004:

 

     December 31,

     2003

   2004

     ($ in thousands)

Assets:

             

Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

   $ 695    $ 377

Exchange rate contracts

     5      289
    

  

Total

   $ 700      666
    

  

Liabilities:

             

Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

   $ —      $ 1,124

Exchange rate contracts

     —        291
    

  

Total trading derivatives

     —        1,415
    

  

Non-Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

     3,222      3,204
    

  

Total

   $ 3,222    $ 4,619
    

  

 

Interest Rate and Foreign Currency Risk—Trading, Non-Trading and Securities Owned

 

The risk management strategies that we employ use various stress tests to measure the risks of trading, non-trading and securities owned activities. Based on balances of securities owned, our interest rate risk as measured by a 0.25% +/- movement in interest rates totaled $50 thousand as of December 31, 2003 and $175 thousand as of December 31, 2004. Foreign currency risk, on those same balances, measured by a 2% +/- movement against the U.S. dollar totaled $98 thousand as of December 31, 2003 and $23 thousand as of December 31, 2004.

 

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Interest Rate Risk—Short Term Investments and Corporate Indebtedness

 

A significant portion of our liabilities have fixed interest rates or maximum interest rates, while our cash and short-term investments generally have floating interest rates. We estimate that operating income relating to cash and short-term investments and corporate indebtedness would change by approximately $4 million, on an annual basis, in the event interest rates were to increase or decrease by 1%.

 

Capital Markets and Other

 

Risk management is an important part of the operation of the Capital Markets and Other segment since the business is exposed to a variety of risks including market, credit, settlement and other risks that are material and require comprehensive controls and ongoing management. Lazard Group utilizes a Global Capital Markets Risk Committee to assess risk management practices, particularly as these practices relate to regulatory requirements. In addition, Lazard Group utilizes an independent Risk Management Group, which reports to Lazard Group’s chief financial officer and is responsible for analyzing risks and for coordinating and monitoring the risk management process. Further, the Risk Management Group supports the Global Capital Markets Risk Committee by providing risk profiles and analyses to the committee.

 

The Global Capital Markets Risk Committee and the Risk Management Group are responsible for the maintenance of a comprehensive risk management practice and process including:

 

  Ÿ   a formal risk governance organization that defines the oversight process and its components,

 

  Ÿ   clearly defined risk management policies and procedures supported by a specific framework,

 

  Ÿ   communication and coordination among the business executives and risk functions, while maintaining strict segregation of responsibilities, controls, and oversight, and

 

  Ÿ   clearly defined risk tolerance levels, which are regularly reviewed to ensure that our risk-taking is consistent with our business strategy, capital structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.

 

Risks inherent in the Capital Markets business are summarized below.

 

Market Risk

 

Market risk is the potential change in a financial instrument’s value caused by fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity prices or other risks. The level of market risk is influenced by the volatility and the liquidity in the markets in which financial instruments are traded.

 

Historically, Lazard Group has sought to mitigate market risk associated with trading inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price, and spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging activities. Lazard Group has employed a combination of cash instruments and derivatives to hedge market exposure. The following discussion describes the types of market risk faced in the Capital Markets and Other segment.

 

Interest Rate Risk.    Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of financial instruments, primarily securities owned and securities sold but not yet purchased. Lazard Group typically uses U.S. Treasury securities in the Capital Markets and Other segment to manage interest rate risk relating to interest bearing deposits of non-U.S. banking operations as well as certain non-U.S. securities owned. Lazard Group historically hedged its interest rate risk by using interest rate swaps and forward rate agreements. Interest rate swaps generally involve the exchange of fixed and floating interest payment obligations without the exchange of the

 

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underlying principal amounts. Forward rate agreements are contracts under which two counterparties agree on the interest to be paid on a notional deposit of a specified maturity at a specific future settlement date with no exchange of principal.

 

Currency Risk.    Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments. Lazard Group has used currency forwards and options in the Capital Markets and Other segment to manage currency risk. Exchange rate contracts include cross-currency swaps and foreign exchange forwards. Currency swaps are agreements to exchange future payments in one currency for payments in another currency. These agreements are used to transform the assets or liabilities denominated in different currencies. Foreign exchange forwards are contracts for delayed delivery of currency at a specified future date.

 

Equity Price Risk.    Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities. The Capital Markets and Other segment is subject to equity price risk primarily in securities owned and securities sold but not yet purchased as well as for equity swap contracts entered into for trading purposes.

 

Credit Risk

 

The Capital Markets and Other segment is exposed to the risk of loss if an issuer or counterparty fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms and the collateral held, if any, is insufficient or worthless. Both cash instruments and derivatives expose the business to this type of credit risk. Lazard Group has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.

 

In the normal course of business, the Capital Markets and Other segment executes, settles and finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of securities transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities that expose us to default risk arising from the potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their obligations. In these situations, the Capital Markets and Other segment may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations to other customers or counterparties. Lazard Group has historically sought to control the risks associated with customer margin activities by requiring customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal guidelines.

 

Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions (i.e., securities failed-to-receive) are recorded at the amount for which the securities were acquired and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities failed-to-receive, Lazard Group may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek reimbursement for losses from the counterparty.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk

 

The exposure to credit risk associated with the Capital Markets and Other trading and other activities is measured on an individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes. To reduce the potential for risk concentration, credit limits are established and monitored in light of changing counterparty and market conditions.

 

At December 31, 2004, Lazard Group’s most significant concentration of credit risk was with the U.S. Government and its agencies. This concentration consists of both direct and indirect exposures. Direct exposure primarily results from securities owned that are issued by the U.S. Government and its agencies. Indirect exposure results from maintaining U.S. Government and agency securities as collateral for resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions. The direct exposure on these transactions is with the counterparty; thus, the Capital Markets and Other segment has credit exposure to the U.S. Government and its agencies only in the event of the counterparty’s default.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Risks

 

The Capital Markets and Other segment may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected on the consolidated financial statements for securities sold but not yet purchased, should the value of such securities rise.

 

For transactions in which credit is extended to others, the Capital Markets and Other segment seeks to control the risks associated with these activities by requiring the counterparty to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and internal guidelines. Counterparties include customers who are generally institutional investors and brokers and dealers that are members of major exchanges. Required margin levels are monitored daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, counterparties are required to deposit additional collateral or reduce securities positions when necessary.

 

It is the policy of the Capital Markets and Other segment to take possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell. The market value of the assets acquired are monitored to ensure their adequacy as compared to the amount at which the securities will be subsequently resold, as specified in the respective agreements. The agreements provide that, where appropriate, the delivery of additional collateral may be required.

 

In connection with securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Capital Markets and Other segment monitors the market value of assets delivered to ensure that the collateral value is not excessive as compared to the amount at which the securities will be subsequently repurchased.

 

Operational Risk

 

Operational risk is the exposure to loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people, systems or external events excluding credit, liquidity, market and insurance risk. It arises from various sources such as organization, compliance, operational risk assessment and control, employees and agents, process and systems, external events and outsourcing. Lazard Group has developed a risk management framework to ensure compliance with applicable regulatory requirements. The securities operations area prepares various daily, weekly and monthly reports to monitor these risks.

 

Risk Management Framework

 

The risk management framework utilized in addressing the risks associated with the Capital Markets and Other segment of Lazard Group’s business is described below.

 

Market Risk

 

Based on the balances of securities owned, at the applicable dates, we quantify the sensitivities of our current portfolios to changes in market variables. These sensitivities are then utilized in the context of historical data to estimate earnings and loss distributions that current portfolios could have incurred throughout the historical period. From these distributions, we derive a number of useful risk statistics, including a statistic we refer to as Value at Risk, or “VaR.” The disclosed VaR is an estimate of the maximum amount current portfolios could lose with 99% confidence, over a given time interval. The VaR for our overall portfolios is less than the sum of the VaRs for individual risk categories because movements in different risk categories occur at different times and, historically, extreme movements have not occurred in all risk categories simultaneously. The difference between the sum of the VaRs for individual risk categories and the VaR calculated for all risk categories is shown in the following tables and may be viewed as a measure of the diversification within our portfolios.

 

In our VaR system, we use a historical simulation for two years to estimate VaR using a 99% confidence level and a one-day holding period for trading instruments.

 

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In addition to the VaR risk measurement, the risk framework applies various stress tests to test the portfolios under stressful situations as follows:

 

Interest Rate Risk:

   Parallel moves of treasury yield curves of +/- 0.25%.

Curve Risk:

   Non-parallel moves of treasury yield curves within +/- 0.25%.

Spread Risk:

   For corporate bonds only, +/- 0.50% moves in yield curve.

Equity Price Risk:

   +/- 10% move in equity prices.

Currency Risk:

   +/- 2% move in foreign exchange rates against U.S. dollars.

 

The following table summarizes our risk exposure according to the categories described above as of December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004.

 

     Risk Measures

     As of December 31,

   Average(1)

     2003

   2004

  
     ($ in thousands)

Interest Rate Risk

   $ 551    $ 206    $ 584

Curve Risk

     1,026      127      1,062

Spread Risk

     651      927      846

Equity Price Risk

     964      539      1,540

Currency Risk

     —        29      134

VaR

     364      547      949

(1) Average is based on an average of monthly ending amounts from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2004.

 

Credit Risk

 

We actively monitor our credit risk and exposure that originates from our business. Credit risk against each issuer is measured by calculating the risk-adjusted exposure. The risk adjustment is based on rating of the issuer, and this risk is netted for all positions with the same issuer.

 

The credit risk framework determines two types of credit risks:

 

Credit Risk of the Issuer.    The framework analyzes current positions in each issuer to determine the risk adjusted exposure, which is the estimated maximum potential exposure to the issuer in the future. Each issuer has a limit based on its rating. The portfolio’s aggregate risk-adjusted exposure is monitored on a daily basis. The levels of risk-adjusted exposures in the U.S. bond and convertible desks are set forth below:

 

     Credit Risk of the Issuer

     As of December 31,

  

Average(1)


     2003

   2004

  
     ($ in thousands)

Risk Adjusted Exposure

   $ 17,430    $ 8,998    $ 27,833

(1) Average is based on an average of monthly ending amounts from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2004.

 

Credit Risk of the Trading Counterparty.    We utilize a report indicating the gross counterparty exposure and settlement risk. The settlement risk indicates the risk if the counterparty reneges on a trade. In that case, we may have to buy or sell the security at additional cost. The framework has established limits for counterparties based on ratings.

 

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Limit Monitoring Process

 

Lazard Group has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.

 

The risk framework has developed a portfolio approach for risk measurements. This helps senior management assign limits at various levels such as location, trading desks and issuers. Senior management establishes policy limits representing the maximum risk it is willing to take on a normal day.

 

Credit risk limits take into account measures of both current and potential exposures and are set and monitored by broad risk type, product type and tenor to maturity. Credit risk mitigation techniques include, where appropriate, the right to require initial collateral or margin, the right to terminate transactions or to obtain collateral should unfavorable events occur, the right to call for collateral when certain exposure thresholds are exceeded, and the purchase of credit default protection.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

Effective January 1, 2003, Lazard Group adopted FIN 45, Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others—an Interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and Rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34. FIN 45 requires certain disclosures to be made by a guarantor about its obligations under certain guarantees issued. It also requires a guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The adoption of FIN 45 did not have a material impact on Lazard Group’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FIN 46R, Consolidation of Certain Variable Interest Entities—an interpretation of ARB No. 51, which further clarifies FIN 46, which was issued on January 17, 2003. FIN 46R clarifies when an entity should consolidate a VIE, more commonly referred to as a special purpose entity, or “SPE.” A VIE is an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, and may include many types of SPEs. FIN 46R requires that an entity shall consolidate a VIE if that entity has a variable interest that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected losses if they occur, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns if they occur, or both. FIN 46R does not apply to certain qualifying SPEs (“QSPEs”), the accounting for which is governed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financing Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. FIN 46R is effective for newly created VIEs beginning January 1, 2004 and for existing VIEs as of the first reporting period beginning after March 15, 2004.

 

Effective January 1, 2004, Lazard Group adopted FIN 46R for VIEs created after December 31, 2003 and for VIEs in which Lazard Group obtained an interest after December 31, 2003. Lazard Group adopted FIN 46R in the second quarter of 2004 for VIEs in which it holds a variable interest that it acquired on or before December 31, 2003.

 

Lazard Group is involved with various entities in the normal course of business that are VIEs and hold variable interests in such VIEs. Transactions associated with these entities primarily include investment management, real estate and private equity investments. Those VIEs for which Lazard Group is the primary beneficiary were consolidated in the second quarter of 2004 in accordance with FIN 46R. Those VIEs include company sponsored venture capital investment vehicles established in connection with our compensation plans.

 

Lazard Group’s merchant banking activities consist of making private equity, venture capital and real estate investments on behalf of customers. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, in connection with its merchant banking activities, the net assets of entities for which Lazard Group has a significant variable

 

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interest was approximately $148 million and $97 million, respectively. Lazard Group’s variable interests associated with these entities, consisting of investments, carried interest and management fees, were approximately $24 million at each of such dates which represent the maximum exposure to loss, only if total assets declined 100% at December 31, 2003 and 2004. At December 31, 2004, the consolidated statement of financial condition included $21 million of incremental assets relating to the consolidation of VIEs for such merchant banking activities in which Lazard Group was deemed to be the primary beneficiary.

 

In connection with its Capital Markets and Other segment activities, Lazard Group holds a significant variable interest in an entity with assets of $4 million and liabilities of $16 million at December 31, 2003 and with assets of approximately $2 million and liabilities of approximately $15 million at December 31, 2004. Lazard Group’s variable interests associated with this entity, primarily paid-in-kind notes, were approximately $16 million and $15 million at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. As the note holders have sole recourse only to the underlying assets, Lazard Group has no exposure to loss at December 31, 2003 and 2004. Also, as Lazard Group is not the primary beneficiary, the entity has not been consolidated.

 

In connection with its Asset Management business, Lazard Group was the asset manager and held a significant variable interest in a hedge fund, where the aggregate net assets at December 31, 2003 was approximately $8 million. Lazard Group’s maximum exposure to loss at December 31, 2003 was approximately $7 million. As of December 31, 2004, this fund no longer existed.

 

In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 149 clarifies the circumstances under which a contract with an initial investment meets the characteristics of a derivative under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 149 also amended other existing pronouncements to result in more consistent reporting of derivative contracts. This pronouncement is effective for all contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003. Lazard Group adopted SFAS No. 149 as required, with no material impact on Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2003, the FASB issued the SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS No. 150 requires that the issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability. The initial recognition of SFAS No. 150 applies to financial instruments entered into or modified after May 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. Lazard Group’s classification of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock is in accordance with SFAS No. 150.

 

In December 2003, Lazard Group adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 132R, Employers’ Disclosure about Pensions and Other Post-Retirement Benefits. The Statement requires additional disclosures to those in the original SFAS 132 about assets, obligations, cash flows and net periodic benefit costs of defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit post-retirement plans.

 

In March 2004, the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) reached a final consensus on Issue 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. EITF 03-1 requires that when the fair value of an investment security is less than its carrying value, an impairment exists for which the determination must be made as to whether the impairment is other-than-temporary. The EITF 03-1 impairment model applies to all investment securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities and to investment securities accounted for under the cost method to the extent an impairment indicator exists. Under the guidance, the determination of whether an impairment is other-than-temporary and therefore would result in a recognized loss depends on market conditions and management’s intent and ability to hold the securities with unrealized losses. Subsequent to its issuance, the FASB deferred certain provisions of EITF 03-1; however, the disclosure requirements remain effective. The adoption of EITF 03-1 did not have an impact on Lazard Group’s consolidated financial position or results of operations since Lazard Group does not have any securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115.

 

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BUSINESS

 

Overview

 

We are a preeminent international financial advisory and asset management firm that has long specialized in crafting solutions to the complex financial and strategic challenges of our clients. We serve a diverse set of clients around the world, including corporations, partnerships, institutions, governments and high-net worth individuals. The first Lazard partnership was established in 1848. Over time we have extended our activities beyond our roots in New York, Paris and London. We operate today from 27 cities in key business and financial centers across 15 countries throughout Europe, North America, Asia and Australia. We focus primarily on two businesses, Financial Advisory and Asset Management. We believe that the mix of our activities across business segments, geographic regions, industries and investment strategies helps to diversify and stabilize our revenue stream.

 

Industry Trends and Strategic Focus

 

Industry Trends

 

We believe that a combination of long-term trends engender a favorable climate for revenue and profit growth in the financial services industry segments in which we compete. Longer-term trends that benefit our Financial Advisory business include:

 

  Ÿ   Globalization.    Companies around the world are continuing to globalize their operations, including through merger and acquisition activity.

 

  Ÿ   Focus on Stockholder Value.    Companies around the world are strongly focused on stockholder value, which drives continual portfolio rebalancing, including mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, restructurings, joint ventures, company sales and related transactions.

 

  Ÿ   Consolidation.    Intense and often increasing commercial competition is fueling the need for companies to realize economies of scale and scope and to optimize strategic positioning, which in turn drives the market for mergers and acquisitions. In addition, ongoing cycles in various international economies of deregulation and sometimes re-regulation add to the impetus of companies to either consolidate or restructure their portfolios.

 

  Ÿ   Expansion of Leverage Markets.    Long-term increases in investor demand for debt of non-investment grade issuers have driven growth in acquisitions by financial sponsors, as well as in the number of highly leveraged companies, a portion of which may become candidates for financial restructuring advisory services, particularly in less favorable economic environments.

 

Some of the trends influencing long-term growth in the markets served by our Asset Management business include:

 

  Ÿ   Demographics.    Aging populations in both developed and emerging economies around the world have increased the pools of savings available and the need for retirement investment services by institutions and individuals.

 

  Ÿ   Internationalization.    Investors around the world are internationalizing their investment portfolios, which plays to our strengths in managing international and global portfolios of equity and fixed income securities.

 

  Ÿ   Acceptance of Alternative Investments.    Many institutional and high-net worth investors are increasing their allocations to alternative investments to diversify risk while maintaining high targeted absolute returns. Growing acceptance of these strategies fuels the market for products such as the hedge funds and merchant banking funds that we manage.

 

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The markets in which we compete have begun to experience greater than normal growth in comparison to recent fiscal periods. Recovery in global equity markets during 2003, increases in corporate profits and consumer income following the recent recession, and increasing availability of financing are driving increased demand for mergers and acquisitions and asset management services. However, these trends are cyclical in nature and subject to periodic reversal. Due to the mix of our businesses, some of our businesses experienced performance declines during the recent recessionary period, while others, such as our Financial Restructuring practice, were growing. At present, our Financial Restructuring practice is trending down on a cyclical basis, while our Mergers and Acquisitions practice and Asset Management business are trending up.

 

The following table sets forth selected key industry indicators:

 

Key Industry Indicators

($ in billions, except as otherwise indicated)

 

   

As of or for the Year

Ended
December 31,


 

CAGR(a)

’84-’04


   

CAGR(a)

’94-’04


 
    1984

  1994

  2004

   

General Economic & Market Activity:

                             

Worldwide GDP ($ in trillions) (b)

  $ 11.9   $ 26.2   $ 40.2   6 %   4 %

Dow Jones Industrial Average

    1,212     3,834     10,783   12     11  

MSCI World Index (c)

    187     619     1,169   10     7  

Advisory Activities:

                             

Worldwide M&A (d)

  $ 180   $ 497   $ 1,574   11 %   12 %

U.S. M&A (d)

    178     293     762   8     10  

Europe M&A (d)

    1     138     505   35     14  

Transatlantic M&A (d)

    4     47     104   18     8  

Worldwide M&A > $1 billion (d)

    59     202     927   15     16  

Global Corporate Debt Defaults (e)

    1     2     16   17     23  

Asset Management Activities:

                             

U.S. Assets in U.S. & Global Corporate Equities (f)

  $ 1,682   $ 5,920   $ 15,298   12     10  

Worldwide Assets Managed by Top 100 Managers (g)

    1,188     3,741     21,406   16     21  

Foreign Equities & ADRs Held by U.S. Residents (f)

    26     628     2,424   25     14  

Global Hedge Fund Assets Under Management (h)

    *     189     950   *     18  

(a)   Calculated compound annual growth rate.
(b)   Source: The Economist Intelligence Unit, December 2004.
(c)   Source: Morgan Stanley Capital International, Inc.
(d)   Source: Thomson Financial, March 15, 2005. Transaction geographies reported based on location of target. Figures based on completed transactions.
(e)   Source: Moody’s Investors Service Inc.© Cited with permission. All rights reserved.
(f)   Source: The Federal Reserve.
(g)   Source: Pensions & Investments (Data not available for 2004; 2003 value shown).
(h)   Source: Van Hedge Fund Advisors International.
 *   Indicates data not available.

 

Competitive Advantages

 

We attribute our success and distinctiveness to a combination of long-standing advantages from which we and our predecessor partnerships have benefited, including:

 

  Ÿ   Experienced People.    Our professionals concentrate on solving complex strategic and financial problems and executing specialized investment strategies. We strive to maintain and enhance our base of highly talented professionals and pride ourselves on being able to offer clients more senior-level attention than may be available from many of our competitors.

 

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  Ÿ   Independence.    We are an independent firm, free of many of the conflicts that can arise at larger financial institutions as a result of their varied sales, trading, underwriting, research and lending activities. We believe that recent instances of perceived or actual conflicts of interest, and the desire to avoid any potential future conflicts, have increased the demand by managements and boards of directors for trusted, unbiased advice from professionals whose main product is advice.

 

  Ÿ   Reputation.    Our firm has a brand name with over 150 years of history. We believe this brand name connotes superior service, integrity and creative solutions. Throughout our history, we have been focused on providing world-class professional advice in complex strategic and financial assignments, utilizing both our global capabilities and deeply rooted, local know-how.

 

  Ÿ   Focus.    We are focused on two primary businesses—Financial Advisory and Asset Management—rather than on a broad range of financial services. We believe this focus has helped, and will continue to help, us attract clients and recruit professionals who want to work in a firm where these activities are the central focus.

 

  Ÿ   Global Presence with Local Relationships.    We have been pioneers in offering financial advisory services on an international basis and in investing in international markets through our Asset Management business. We do not regard any single jurisdiction as our home country. Instead, we believe that linking our talented, indigenous professionals, deep local roots and industry expertise across offices enables us to be a global firm while maintaining a local identity. We believe this approach allows us to build close local relationships with our clients and to develop insight into both local and international commercial, economic and political issues affecting their businesses. Our ability to put clients in contact with our skilled professionals around the world is central to our specialized skill in performing cross-border transactions and worldwide investment mandates. In Asset Management, this is reflected through LAM’s global research platform of analysts as well as the provision of local investment solutions and services to clients.

 

  Ÿ   Balance.    We seek to balance the sources of our earnings among multiple geographic regions, industries, advisory practice areas and investment sectors in order to provide greater diversification and stability to our revenue stream. For example, our Financial Advisory business includes both our Mergers and Acquisitions practice and Financial Restructuring practice, which historically have been counter-cyclical to each other, thus helping to stabilize our revenue stream. In addition, our relationships in one of these practice areas often lead to future engagements for the other. Our Asset Management business complements the Financial Advisory business by helping to provide further stability, principally because we generate significant recurring client business from year to year. Our revenue also is geographically diversified: in 2004, we derived 50% of our net revenue from continuing operations from our offices in North America, 47% from our offices in Europe and 3% from offices in the rest of the world.

 

  Ÿ   Strong Culture.    We believe that our people are united by a desire to be a part of an independent firm in which their activities are at the core and by a commitment to excellence and integrity in their activities. This is reinforced by the significant economic stake our managing directors have in our success. When hiring new employees, we identify candidates that have traits consistent with our values in order to further maintain our culture. In our opinion, the strength of our many long-term client relationships is a testament to our distinctive culture and approach to providing superior advice to our clients.

 

Principal Business Lines

 

Our business is organized around two segments: Financial Advisory and Asset Management.

 

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Financial Advisory

 

We offer corporate, partnership, institutional, government and individual clients across the globe a wide array of financial advisory services regarding mergers and acquisitions, restructurings and various other corporate finance matters. We focus on solving our clients’ most complex problems, providing advice to senior management, boards of directors and business owners of prominent companies and institutions in transactions that typically are of significant strategic and financial importance to them.

 

Our goal is to continue to grow our Financial Advisory business by fostering long-term, senior-level relationships with existing and new clients as their independent advisor on strategic transactions. We seek to build and sustain long-term relationships with our clients rather than focusing on individual transactions, a practice that we believe enhances our access to senior management of major corporations and institutions around the world. We emphasize providing clients with senior level attention during all phases of transaction execution.

 

While we strive to earn repeat business from our clients, we operate in a highly competitive environment in which there are no long-term contracted sources of revenue. Each revenue-generating engagement is separately negotiated and awarded. To develop new client relationships, and to develop new engagements from historical client relationships, we maintain an active dialogue with a large number of clients and potential clients, as well as with their financial and legal advisors, on an ongoing basis. We have gained a significant number of new clients each year through our business development initiatives, through recruiting additional senior investment banking professionals who bring with them client relationships and through referrals from directors, attorneys and other third parties with whom we have relationships. At the same time, we lose clients each year as a result of the sale or merger of a client, a change in a client’s senior management, competition from other investment banks and other causes.

 

In 2004, Financial Advisory net revenue totaled $655 million, accounting for 60% of our net revenue from continuing operations. We earned advisory revenue from 435 clients in 2004. We earned $1 million or more from 136 clients in 2004, and in that year the ten largest fee paying clients constituted 25% of our segment net revenue, and no client individually constituted more than 10% of segment net revenue.

 

We believe that we have been pioneers in offering financial advisory services on an international basis, with the establishment of our New York, Paris and London offices dating back to the nineteenth century. We maintain major local presences in the U.S., the U.K., France and Italy, including a network of regional branch offices in the U.S. and France, as well as presences in Australia, Canada, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Japan, the U.K., the Netherlands, Sweden, Singapore, South Korea and Spain. Our Italian office is operated as a strategic alliance with Intesa. Pursuant to the strategic alliance, Intesa holds 40% of the equity of, and a $50 million subordinated promissory note from, the entity that operates our Italian business and has representation on its board of directors, and a $150 million note issued by a financing subsidiary of Lazard Group, and both notes are guaranteed by Lazard Group. We also have recently entered into a joint venture with Signatura Advisory called Signatura Lazard, which will provide local and cross-border financial services in Brazil, and a strategic alliance with MBA Banco de Inversiones regarding the provision of cross-border advisory services to institutions investing in companies in Argentina and to Argentine companies investing abroad.

 

In addition to seeking business centered in these locations, we historically have focused in particular on advising clients with respect to cross-border transactions. We believe that we are particularly well known for our legacy of offering broad teams of professionals who are indigenous to their respective regions and who have long-term client relationships, capabilities and know-how in their respective regions. We also believe that this positioning affords us insight around the globe into key industry, economic, government and regulatory issues and developments, which we can bring to bear on behalf of our clients.

 

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Services Offered

 

We advise clients on a wide range of strategic and financial issues. When we advise companies in the potential acquisition of another company or certain assets, our services include evaluating potential acquisition targets, providing valuation analyses, evaluating and proposing financial and strategic alternatives and rendering, if appropriate, fairness opinions. We also may advise as to the timing, structure, financing and pricing of a proposed acquisition and assist in negotiating and closing the acquisition. In addition, we may assist in implementing an acquisition by acting as a dealer-manager if the acquisition is structured as a tender or exchange offer.

 

When we advise clients that are contemplating the sale of certain businesses, assets or their entire company, our services include evaluating and recommending financial and strategic alternatives with respect to a sale, advising on the appropriate sales process for the situation, valuation issues, assisting in preparing an offering memorandum or other appropriate sales materials and rendering, if appropriate, fairness opinions. We also identify and contact selected qualified acquirors and assist in negotiating and closing the proposed sale.

 

For companies in financial distress, our services may include reviewing and analyzing the business, operations, properties, financial condition and prospects of the company, evaluating debt capacity, assisting in the determination of an appropriate capital structure and evaluating and recommending financial and strategic alternatives. If appropriate, we may provide financial advice and assistance in developing and seeking approval of a restructuring or reorganization plan, which may include a plan of reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or other similar court administered process in non-U.S. jurisdictions. In such cases, we may assist in all aspects of the implementation of such a plan, including advising and assisting in structuring and effecting the financial aspects of a sale or recapitalization, structuring any new securities, exchange offers, other considerations or other inducements to be offered or issued and assisting and participating in negotiations with affected entities or groups.

 

When we assist clients in raising private or public market financing, our services include originating and executing private placements of equity, debt and related securities, assisting clients in connection with securing, refinancing or restructuring bank loans, originating public underwritings of equity, debt and convertible securities and originating and executing private placements of partnership and similar interests in alternative investment funds such as leveraged buyout, mezzanine or real estate focused funds. In addition, we may advise on capital structure and assist in long-range capital planning and rating agency relationships.

 

Following this offering, we intend to enter into an arrangement with LFCM Holdings under which Lazard Group’s separated Capital Markets and Other business segment will continue to underwrite and distribute U.S. and U.K. securities offerings originated by our Financial Advisory business in a manner intended to be similar to our practice prior to this offering, with revenue from such offerings generally continuing to be divided evenly between Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings.

 

Staffing

 

We staff our assignments with a team of quality professionals with appropriate product and industry expertise. We pride ourselves on, and we believe we are differentiated from our competitors by, being able to offer a relatively high level of attention from senior personnel to our clients and organizing ourselves in such a way that managing directors who are responsible for securing and maintaining client relationships also actively participate in providing related transaction execution services. Our managing directors have significant experience, and many of them are able to use this experience to advise on both mergers and acquisitions and restructuring transactions, depending on

 

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our clients’ needs. Many of our managing directors and senior advisors come from diverse backgrounds, such as senior executive positions at corporations, government, law and strategic consulting, which we believe enhances our ability to offer sophisticated advice and custom solutions to our clients.

 

Industries Served

 

We seek to offer our services across most major industry groups, including, in many cases, sub-industry specialties. Our Mergers and Acquisitions managing directors and professionals are organized to provide advice in the following major industry practice areas:

 

  Ÿ   consumer,

 

  Ÿ   financial institutions,

 

  Ÿ   financial sponsors,

 

  Ÿ   healthcare and life sciences,

 

  Ÿ   industrial,

 

  Ÿ   power and energy,

 

  Ÿ   real estate, and

 

  Ÿ   technology, media and telecommunications.

 

These groups are managed locally in each relevant geographic region and coordinated on a global basis, which allows us to bring local industry-specific knowledge to bear on behalf of our clients on a global basis. We believe that this enhances the quality of advice that we can offer, which improves our ability to market our capabilities to clients.

 

In addition to our Mergers and Acquisitions and Financial Restructuring practices, we also maintain specialties in the following distinct practice areas:

 

  Ÿ   government advisory,

 

  Ÿ   fund raising for alternative investment funds, and

 

  Ÿ   corporate finance.

 

We endeavor to coordinate the activities of the professionals in these areas with our mergers and acquisitions industry specialists in order to offer clients customized teams of cross-functional expertise spanning both industry and practice area know-how.

 

Strategy

 

Since January 2002, when new senior management joined our firm, our focus in our Financial Advisory business has been on:

 

  Ÿ   making a significant investment in our intellectual capital with the addition of many senior professionals who we believe have strong client relationships and industry expertise. We have recruited or promoted 68 new managing directors from January 2002 through December 2004, contributing to a 48% increase, net of departures, in Financial Advisory managing director headcount over that period, with the result that approximately 50% of our managing directors have joined our firm or been promoted since January 2002,

 

  Ÿ   increasing our contacts with existing clients to further enhance our long-term relationships and our efforts in developing new client relationships,

 

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  Ÿ   expanding the breadth and depth of our industry expertise in areas such as media and general industrials and adding new practice areas such as power and energy and fund-raising for alternative investment funds,

 

  Ÿ   coordinating our industry specialty activities on a global basis and increasing the integration of our industry experts with our Financial Restructuring professionals, and

 

  Ÿ   broadening our geographic presence by adding new offices in the Netherlands (Amsterdam), Canada (Toronto) and Australia (Sydney), as well as three new regional offices in the U.S. (Atlanta, Houston and Los Angeles) and entering into new strategic alliances in two new geographies (Argentina and Brazil).

 

We made these investments during a period of financial market weakness, when many of our competitors were reducing senior staffing, to position ourselves to capitalize more fully on any financial services industry recovery.

 

In addition to the recent expansion of our Financial Advisory team, we believe that the following external market factors may enable our Financial Advisory practice to benefit from future growth in the global mergers and acquisitions advisory business:

 

  Ÿ   increasing demand for independent, unbiased financial advice, and

 

  Ÿ   a potential increase in cross-border mergers and acquisitions and large capitalization mergers and acquisitions, two of our areas of historical specialization, which experienced greater than average declines in recent years.

 

Going forward, our strategic emphasis in our Financial Advisory business is to leverage the investments we have made in recent years to grow our business and drive our productivity. While we will continue opportunistically to attract outstanding individuals to this practice, we anticipate that our recent managing director expansion program is now substantially complete.

 

Relationship with IXIS

 

In April 2004, Lazard Group and IXIS entered into a cooperation arrangement to place and underwrite securities on the French equity primary capital markets under a common brand, “Lazard-Ixis,” and cooperate in their respective origination, syndication and placement activities. This cooperation covers French listed companies exceeding a market capitalization of 500 million. On March 15, 2005, Lazard Group and IXIS entered into a binding term sheet to expand this arrangement into an exclusive arrangement within France, conditioned upon, among other things, the completion of this offering and the additional financing transactions involving IXIS. The cooperation arrangement also provides for an alliance in real estate advisory work with the objective of establishing a common brand for advisory and financing operations within France. It also adds an exclusive mutual referral cooperation arrangement, subject to the fiduciary duties of each firm, with the goal of referring clients from Lazard Group to IXIS for services relating to corporate banking, lending, securitizations and derivatives within France and from IXIS to Lazard Group for mergers and acquisitions advisory services within France. This expanded cooperation arrangement will have a term of three years from the date of completion of this offering.

 

In connection with the cooperation arrangement, Lazard Group and IXIS will develop a business plan to promote mutual revenue production and sharing relating to the cooperation activities. As part of that plan, revenue from the various activities subject to the cooperation arrangement will be credited towards a target revenue number (which the parties may agree to reduce if aspects of the cooperation do not take place) at varying percentages depending on the source of the revenue along with the underwriting commission received by IXIS for the exchangeable debt securities. If at the end of the

 

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initial term of the cooperation arrangement, (a) the sum of that calculation is less than the target revenue number, (b) the cooperation arrangement is not renewed and (c) our common stock price fails to sustain specified price levels, Lazard Group or its affiliate will pay IXIS or one of its affiliates the difference between the target revenue number and the sum of (1) the revenue credits and (2) any gain IXIS has realized on a sale of its investment in our securities prior to the end of the initial term of the arrangement. The level of this potential payment would depend, among other things, on the level of revenue generated by the cooperation activities. The potential payment is limited to a maximum of approximately 16.5 million (subject to reduction in certain circumstances) which would only occur if cooperation activities generate no revenue over the course of the three-year initial period of such activities and the other conditions noted above have not been met.

 

Asset Management

 

Our Asset Management business provides investment management and advisory services to institutional clients, financial intermediaries, private clients and investment vehicles around the world. Our goal in our Asset Management business is to produce superior risk-adjusted investment returns and provide investment solutions customized for our clients. Many of our equity investment strategies share an investment philosophy that centers on fundamental security selection with a focus on the trade-off between a company’s valuation and its financial productivity.

 

As of December 31, 2004, total AUM was $86.4 billion, approximately 81% of which was invested in equities, 13% in fixed income, 3% in alternative investments, 3% in cash and less than 1% in merchant banking funds. As of the same date, approximately 56% of our AUM was invested in international (i.e., non-U.S.) investment strategies and 23% was invested in global investment strategies and 21% was invested in U.S. investment strategies, and our top ten clients and third-party relationships accounted for 26% of total AUM. Approximately 80% of our AUM as of that date was managed on behalf of institutional clients, including corporations, labor unions, public pension funds, insurance companies and banks, and through sub-advisory relationships, mutual fund sponsors, broker-dealers and registered advisors. Approximately 20% of AUM as of December 31, 2004 was managed on behalf of individual client relationships, which are principally with family offices and high-net worth individuals.

 

The charts below illustrates the mix of our AUM as of December 31, 2004, measured by broad product strategy and by office location.

 

LOGO

 

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LAM and LFG

 

Our largest Asset Management subsidiaries are LAM in New York, San Francisco, London, Milan, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Tokyo, Sydney and Seoul (aggregating $76.5 billion in total AUM as of December 31, 2004), and LFG in Paris (aggregating $9.4 billion in total AUM as of December 31, 2004). LAM was founded in 1970 and LFG can trace its history back to 1969. These operations, with 605 employees as of December 31, 2004, provide our business with a global presence and local identity.

 

Primary distinguishing features of these businesses include:

 

  Ÿ   a global footprint with global research, global mandates and global clients,

 

  Ÿ   a broad-based team of approximately 170 investment professionals: LAM has approximately 150 investment professionals, which includes our approximately 60 focused, in-house, investment analysts across all products and platforms (35 of whom are on our global research platform), many of whom have substantial industry or sector specific expertise, and LFG has approximately 20 investment professionals, including five investment analysts, in each case as of December 31, 2004,

 

  Ÿ   a security selection-based investment philosophy applied across products,

 

  Ÿ   worldwide brand recognition and multi-channel distribution capabilities,

 

  Ÿ   the significant investment in technology and systems development we have made, and

 

  Ÿ   substantial equity participation in LAM held by a broad group of key employees.

 

Our Investment Philosophy, Process and Research.    Our investment philosophy is generally based upon a fundamental security selection approach to investing. Across many of our products, we apply three key principles to investment portfolios:

 

  Ÿ   pick securities, not markets,

 

  Ÿ   find relative value, and

 

  Ÿ   manage risk.

 

In searching for equity investment opportunities, our investment professionals generally follow an investment process that incorporates several interconnected components that may include:

 

  Ÿ   analytical framework analysis and screening,

 

  Ÿ   accounting validation,

 

  Ÿ   fundamental analysis,

 

  Ÿ   security selection and portfolio construction, and

 

  Ÿ   risk management.

 

At LAM, we conduct investment research on a global basis, to develop market, industry and company specific insight. Approximately 60 investment analysts, located in our worldwide offices, conduct research and evaluate investment opportunities around the world across all products and platforms. The LAM global research platform is organized around six global industry sectors:

 

  Ÿ   consumer goods,

 

  Ÿ   financial services,

 

  Ÿ   health care,

 

  Ÿ   industrials,

 

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  Ÿ   power, and

 

  Ÿ   technology, media and telecommunications.

 

Our analysts recommend companies to portfolio managers and work with them on an ongoing basis to make buy and sell decisions. At LFG, five investment analysts conduct research and evaluate investment opportunities, primarily focused on large capitalization European companies.

 

Investment Strategies.    Our Asset Management business provides equity, fixed income and cash management and alternative investment strategies to clients, paying close attention to clients’ varying and expanding investment needs. We offer the following product platform of investment strategies:

 

   

Global


 

Regional


 

Domestic


Equities  

Global

Large Capitalization

Small Capitalization

Emerging Markets

Thematic
Convertibles*

 

EAFE (Non-U.S.)

Large Capitalization

Small Capitalization

Multi-Capitalization

 

Global Ex

Global Ex-U.K.

Global Ex-Japan

Global Ex-Australia

 

Pan-European

Large Capitalization

Small Capitalization

 

Eurozone

Large Capitalization**

Small Capitalization**

 

Continental European

Small Cap

Multi Cap

Eurozone (i.e., Euro Bloc)

Euro-Trend (Thematic)

 

U.S.

Large Capitalization**

Mid Capitalization

Small Capitalization

Multi-Capitalization

 

Other

U.K. (Large Capitalization)

U.K. (Small Capitalization)

Australia

France (Large Capitalization)*

France (Small Capitalization)*

Japan**


 
 
 

Fixed Income and

Cash Management

 

Global

Core Fixed Income

High Yield

Short Duration

 

Pan-European

Core Fixed Income

High Yield

Cash Management*

 

Eurozone

Fixed Income**

Cash Management*

Corporate Bonds**

 

U.S.

Core Fixed Income

High Yield

Short Duration

Municipals

Cash Management*

 

Non-U.S.

U.K. Fixed Income


 
 
 
Alternative  

Global

Global Opportunities     (Long/Short)

Fund of Hedge Funds Fund of Closed-End     Funds

 

Regional

European Explorer

    (Long/Short)

Emerging Income

   

 

All of the above strategies are offered by LAM, except for those denoted by *, which are offered exclusively by LFG. Investment strategies offered by both LAM and LFG are denoted by **.

 

In addition to the primary investment strategies listed above, we also provide locally customized investment solutions to our clients. In many cases, we also offer both diversified and more

 

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concentrated versions of our products. These products are generally offered on a separate account basis, as well as through pooled vehicles.

 

Distribution.    We distribute our products through a broad array of marketing channels on a global basis. LAM’s marketing, sales and client service efforts are organized through a global market delivery and service network, with distribution professionals located in New York, San Francisco, London, Milan, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Tokyo, Sydney and Seoul. We have developed a well-established presence in the institutional asset management arena, managing money for corporations, labor unions and public pension funds around the world. In addition, we manage assets for insurance companies, savings and trust banks, endowments, foundations and charities.

 

We also have become a leading firm in third-party distribution, managing mutual funds and separately managed accounts for many of the world’s largest broker-dealers, insurance companies, registered advisors and other financial intermediaries. In the area of wealth management, we cater to family offices and private clients.

 

LFG markets and distributes its products through approximately ten sales professionals based in France who directly target both individual and institutional investors.

 

The managing directors of LAM and other key LAM employees hold LAM equity units, which entitle their holders to payments in connection with selected fundamental transactions affecting Lazard Group or LAM. For more information regarding these rights, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Merchant Banking

 

Lazard Group has a long history of making merchant banking investments with its own capital, usually alongside capital of qualified institutional and individual investors. These activities typically are organized in funds that make substantial or controlling investments in private or public companies, generally through privately negotiated transactions and with a view to divestment within two to seven years. While potentially risky and frequently illiquid, such investments when successful can yield investors substantial returns on capital and generate attractive management and performance fees for the sponsor of such funds.

 

In connection with the separation, we will transfer to LFCM Holdings all of our merchant banking fund management activities, except for our merchant banking business in France, which is regulated as part of our Paris-based banking affiliate, LFB. We also will transfer to LFCM Holdings $20.8 million of principal investments by Lazard Group in the funds managed as part of the separated business, while our investment of $10.6 million in our French merchant banking funds will be retained in Lazard Group.

 

LFCM Holdings will operate the merchant banking business transferred to it in the separation. Consistent with Lazard Group’s intent to support the development of the merchant banking business, including investing capital in future funds to be managed or formed by the merchant banking subsidiary of LFCM Holdings, and in order to benefit from what we believe to be the potential of this business, Lazard Group may be entitled to receive from LFCM Holdings payments from the incentive fees attributable to these funds (net of compensation payable to investment professionals who manage these funds) pursuant to the business alliance agreement between us and LFCM Holdings. In addition, pursuant to the business alliance agreement, we will have an option to acquire the merchant banking business owned by LFCM Holdings and will have the right to participate in the oversight of LFCM Holdings’ funds and consent to certain actions. We will continue to abide by our obligations with respect to transferred funds and will agree not to compete with LFCM Holdings’ merchant banking

 

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business. For a description of these and other arrangements with respect to the merchant banking fund management activities being transferred to LFCM Holdings, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Business Alliance Agreement.”

 

We believe that the merchant banking business that will be transferred to LFCM Holdings has benefited recently from renewed attention and commitment by senior management. We believe that the merchant banking business can derive significant benefits from the resources of our Financial Advisory business as contemplated by the business alliance agreement, including sourcing investment opportunities through Financial Advisory client relationships. In addition, our Financial Advisory business can benefit from association with our merchant banking funds and their portfolio companies.

 

As of December 31, 2004, Lazard Group’s merchant banking business in North America consisted of a number of funds specializing in real estate, venture capital and private equity, with approximately $1.2 billion of AUM, and in France consisted of a group of private equity funds and an affiliated investment company with approximately $551 million of AUM. Lazard Group’s investments in these funds totaled approximately $31 million as of December 31, 2004. Lazard Group is also in the process of raising capital for a number of new merchant banking funds in North America and Europe. Most recently, on February 25, 2005, we formed Corporate Partners II, Limited, a new private equity fund with $1 billion of institutional capital commitments and a $100 million capital commitment from us through 2010. This fund will be managed as part of LFCM Holdings, and Lazard Group will be entitled to receive the carried interest with respect to the fund less the share of carry distributed to managers of the fund.

 

Strategy

 

Our strategic plan in our Asset Management business is to focus on delivering superior investment performance and client service and broadening our product offerings and distribution in selected areas order to continue to drive improved business results. In March 2004, we undertook a senior management transition at LAM to put in place the next generation of leadership and to better position the business to execute our strategic plan. Over the past several years, in an effort to improve LAM’s operations and expand our business, we have:

 

  Ÿ   focused on enhancing our investment performance,

 

  Ÿ   improved our investment management platform by hiring ten senior equity analysts and filling the newly established position of Head of Risk Management,

 

  Ÿ   strengthened our marketing capabilities by establishing a global consultant relations effort aimed at improving our relations with the independent consultants who advise many of our clients on the selection of investment managers,

 

  Ÿ   expanded our product platform by “lifting-out” experienced portfolio managers to establish new products in the hedge fund area and in thematic investing, and

 

  Ÿ   launched new products such as “Lazard European Explorer,” a European long/short strategy, and “Lazard Global Total Return and Income Fund, Inc.,” a closed-end fund.

 

We believe that LAM has long maintained an outstanding team of portfolio managers and global research analysts. We intend to maintain and supplement our intellectual capital to achieve our goals. We also believe that LAM’s specific investment strategies, global reach, unique brand identity and access to multiple distribution channels will allow it to leverage into new investment products, strategies and geographic locations. In addition, we plan to expand our participation in merchant banking activities through investments in new and successor funds.

 

Employees

 

We believe that our people are our most important asset, and it is their reputation, talent, integrity and dedication that underpin our success. As of December 31, 2004, after giving effect to the

 

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separation, we employed 2,339 people, which includes 131 managing directors and 512 other professionals in our Financial Advisory segment and 35 managing directors and 260 other professionals in our Asset Management segment. We strive to maintain a work environment that fosters professionalism, excellence, diversity and cooperation among our employees worldwide. We utilize an evaluation process at the end of each year to measure performance, determine compensation and provide guidance on opportunities for improved performance. Generally, our employees are not subject to any collective bargaining agreements, except that our employees in certain of our European offices, including France and Italy, are covered by national, industry-wide collective bargaining agreements. We believe that we have good relations with our employees.

 

See “Management” and “Risk Factors.”

 

Competition

 

The financial services industry, and all of the businesses in which we compete, are intensely competitive, and we expect them to remain so. Our competitors are other investment banking and financial advisory firms, broker-dealers, commercial and “universal” banks, insurance companies, investment management firms, hedge fund management firms, merchant banking firms and other financial institutions. We compete with some of our competitors globally and with others on a regional, product or niche basis. We compete on the basis of a number of factors, including quality of people, transaction execution skills, investment track record, quality of client service, individual and institutional client relationships, absence of conflicts, range of products and services, innovation, brand recognition and business reputation.

 

While our competitors vary by country in our Mergers and Acquisitions practice, we believe our primary competitors in securing mergers and acquisitions advisory engagements are Bear Stearns, Citigroup, Credit Suisse First Boston, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan Chase, Lehman Brothers, Mediobanca, Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, Rothschild and UBS. In our Financial Restructuring practice our primary competitors are The Blackstone Group, Greenhill & Co. and Rothschild.

 

We believe that our primary competitors in our Asset Management business include, in the case of LAM, Alliance Bernstein, AMVESCAP, Brandes Investment Partners, Capital Management & Research, Fidelity, Lord Abbett and Schroders and, in the case of LFG, Swiss private banks with offices in France as well as large institutional banks and fund managers. We face competition in merchant banking both in the pursuit of outside investors for our merchant banking funds and to acquire investments in attractive portfolio companies. We compete with hundreds of other funds, many of which are subsidiaries of or otherwise affiliated with large financial service providers.

 

Competition is also intense in each of our businesses for the attraction and retention of qualified employees, and we compete on the level and nature of compensation and equity-based incentives for key employees. Our ability to continue to compete effectively in our businesses will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees.

 

In recent years there has been substantial consolidation and convergence among companies in the financial services industry. In particular, a number of large commercial banks, insurance companies and other broad-based financial services firms have established or acquired broker-dealers or have merged with other financial institutions. Many of these firms have the ability to offer a wider range of products than we offer, including loans, deposit taking, insurance and brokerage services. Many of these firms also have more extensive asset management and investment banking services, which may enhance their competitive position. They also have the ability to support investment banking and securities products with commercial banking, insurance and other financial services revenue in an effort to gain market share, which could result in pricing pressure in our businesses. This trend toward consolidation and convergence has significantly increased the capital base and geographic reach of our competitors.

 

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Regulation

 

Our businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation throughout the world. As a matter of public policy, regulatory bodies are charged with safeguarding the integrity of the securities and other financial markets and with protecting the interests of customers participating in those markets, not with protecting the interests of our stockholders or creditors. In the U.S., the SEC is the federal agency responsible for the administration of the federal securities laws. The exchanges, the NASD and the National Futures Association are voluntary, self- regulatory bodies composed of members, such as our broker-dealer subsidiaries, that have agreed to abide by the respective bodies’ rules and regulations. Each of these and non-U.S. regulatory organizations may examine the activities of, and may expel, fine and otherwise discipline, member firms and their employees. The laws, rules and regulations comprising this framework of regulation and the interpretation and enforcement of existing laws, rules and regulations are constantly changing. The effect of any such changes cannot be predicted and may impact the manner of operation and profitability of our company.

 

Our U.S. broker-dealer subsidiary, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC, through which we will conduct our U.S. Financial Advisory business, is currently registered as a broker-dealer with the SEC, the NASD, and as a broker-dealer in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, and is a member firm of the NYSE, the AMEX and the Boston Stock Exchange. In connection with the separation, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC intends to withdraw its membership in the NYSE, the AMEX and the Boston Stock Exchange, at which time the NASD will become its primary regulator. We expect the broker-dealer subsidiary to be formed under LFCM Holdings will apply for membership on these exchanges. As such, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC is subject to regulations governing effectively every aspect of the securities business, including the effecting of securities transactions, minimum capital requirements, record-keeping and reporting procedures, relationships with customers, experience and training requirements for certain employees and business procedures with firms that are not members of certain regulatory bodies. Lazard Asset Management Securities LLC, a subsidiary of LAM, also is registered as a broker-dealer with the SEC, the NASD and in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Lazard & Co., Limited, our wholly-owned U.K. subsidiary, is subject to regulation by the Financial Services Authority in the U.K. Lazard Frères SAS, our wholly-owned French subsidiary, is subject to regulation by the Comité de la Réglementation Bancaire et Financière for its banking activities, conducted though its affiliate LFB. In addition, the investment services activities of the Paris group, exercised through LFB and other subsidiaries of Lazard Frères SAS, primarily LFG (asset management) and Fonds Partenaires Gestion (merchant banking), are subject to regulation and supervision by the Autorité des Marchés Financiers (AMF). Our business is subject to regulation by non-U.S. governmental and regulatory bodies and self-regulatory authorities in other countries where we operate. Violation of applicable regulations can result in the revocation of broker-dealer licenses, the imposition of censures or fines and the suspension, expulsion or other disciplining of a firm, its officers or employees.

 

Our broker-dealer subsidiary is also subject to the SEC’s uniform net capital rule, Rule 15c3-1, and the net capital rules of the NYSE and the NASD, which may limit our ability to make withdrawals of capital from our broker-dealer subsidiary. The uniform net capital rule sets the minimum level of net capital a broker-dealer must maintain and also requires that a portion of its assets be relatively liquid. The NYSE and the NASD may prohibit a member firm from expanding its business or paying cash dividends if resulting net capital falls below its requirements. In addition, our broker-dealer subsidiary is subject to certain notification requirements related to withdrawals of excess net capital. Our broker-dealer subsidiary is also subject to several new laws and regulations that were just recently enacted. The USA Patriot Act of 2001 has imposed new obligations regarding the prevention and detection of money-laundering activities, including the establishment of customer due diligence and other compliance policies and procedures. Additional obligations under the USA Patriot Act regarding procedures for customer verification became effective on October 1, 2003. Failure to comply with these new requirements may result in monetary, regulatory and, in the case of the USA Patriot Act, criminal penalties.

 

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Certain of our Asset Management subsidiaries are registered as investment advisers with the SEC. As registered investment advisers, each is subject to the requirements of the Investment Advisers Act and the SEC’s regulations thereunder. Such requirements relate to, among other things, principal transactions between an adviser and advisory clients, as well as general anti-fraud prohibitions. The Investment Company Act regulates the relationship between a mutual fund and its investment adviser (and other service providers) and prohibits or severely restricts principal record-keeping and reporting requirements, disclosure requirements, limitations on trades where a single broker acts as the agent for both the buyer and seller (known as “agency cross”), and limitations on transactions, affiliated transactions and joint transactions. Prior to this offering, Lazard Asset Management Securities LLC, a subsidiary of LAM, served as the underwriter or distributor for mutual funds and hedge funds managed by LAM, and as an introducing broker to Lazard Frères & Co. LLC for unmanaged accounts of LAM’s private clients. Lazard Fund Managers Limited and Lazard Asset Management Limited, subsidiaries of LAM, are subject to regulation by the Financial Services Authority in the U.K.

 

Regulators are empowered to conduct administrative proceedings that can result in censure, fine, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or the suspension or expulsion of a broker-dealer or its directors, officers or employees.

 

Many of our affiliates that participate in securities markets are subject to comprehensive regulations that include some form of capital structure regulations and other customer protection rules. These standards, requirements and rules are implemented throughout the European Union and are broadly comparable in scope and purpose to the regulatory capital and customer protection requirements imposed under the SEC and NASD rules. European Union directives also permit local regulation in each jurisdiction, including those in which we operate, to be more restrictive than the requirements of such directives, and these sometimes burdensome local requirements can result in certain competitive disadvantages to us. In addition, the Japanese Ministry of Finance and the Financial Supervisory Agency in Japan as well as Australian, German, French and Swiss banking authorities, among others, regulate various of our operating entities and also have capital standards and other requirements comparable to the rules of the SEC.

 

Over the past several years, European Union financial services regulators have taken steps to institute consolidated supervision over a wide range of financial services companies that conduct business in the European Union, even if their head offices are located outside of the European Union. Under the Financial Conglomerates Directive (2002/87/EC), we, along with a number of our competitors, will be required to submit to consolidated supervision by a European Union financial services regulator commencing on January 1, 2005, unless we are already subject to “equivalent” supervision by another regulator. On June 8, 2004, the SEC issued final regulations establishing a consolidated supervision framework for investment banks. The regulations became effective on August 20, 2004. Under these regulations, we can voluntarily submit to a stringent framework of rules relating to group-wide capital levels, internal risk management control systems and regulatory reporting requirements. We currently expect to elect to become subject to consolidated supervision by the SEC.

 

We are working with the SEC to fully understand the consequences of submitting to its consolidated supervision framework. We are unable at this time to accurately predict the impact that these regulations will have on our businesses and financial results. It is possible that these regulations may ultimately require that we increase our regulatory capital, which may adversely affect our profitability and result in other increased costs.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

Our businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation throughout the world. We are involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration

 

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proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our businesses. We believe, based on currently available information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition but might be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period.

 

We have received a request for information from the NASD as part of what we understand to be an industry investigation relating to gifts and gratuities, which is focused primarily on the Capital Markets business that will be part of the separated businesses. In addition, we have received requests for information from the SEC and the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Massachusetts seeking information concerning gifts and entertainment involving an unaffiliated mutual fund company, which are also focused on the Capital Markets business that will be part of the separated businesses. We believe that other broker-dealers have also received requests for information. These investigations are continuing and we cannot predict their potential outcomes, which outcomes, if any, could include the consequences discussed above under “Regulation.” We intend to continue to fully cooperate in these inquiries. In the course of our internal review of these matters, there have been personnel changes in the Capital Markets business that will be part of the separated businesses, including resignations by individuals who were formerly associated with such separated business.

 

Properties

 

The following table lists the properties used for the entire Lazard organization, including properties used by the separated businesses. As a general matter, one or both of our Financial Advisory and Asset Management segments uses the following properties. We expect to license or sublease to LFCM Holdings certain office space, including office space that is used by the separated businesses. This will include subleasing or licensing approximately 55,100 square feet in New York, New York located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza and 2,500 square feet of space under the lease in London located at 50 Stratton Street to LFCM Holdings. We will remain fully liable for the subleased space to the extent LFCM Holdings fails to perform its obligations under the leases for any reason. In addition, LFCM Holdings will enter into indemnity arrangements in relation to excess space and abandoned former premises in London. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Agreements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings.”

 

Location


  

Square feet


  

Comments


New York    273,000 square feet of leased space    Key office located at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10020.
Other North America    47,400 square feet of leased space   

Includes offices in Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Montreal, San Francisco, Toronto and Washington, D.C.

 

Paris    112,400 square feet of leased space    Key office located at 121 Boulevard Haussmann, 75382 Paris Cedex 08.
London    142,400 square feet of leased space   

Key office located at 50 Stratton Street London W1J 8LL.

 

Milan    27,000 square feet of leased space    Key office located at via Dell’Orso 2 20121 Milan.
Other Europe    59,300 square feet of leased space    Includes offices in Amsterdam, Berlin, Bordeaux, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Lyon, Madrid, Rome and Stockholm.
Asia and Australia    42,500 square feet of leased space    Includes offices in Mumbai, Hong Kong, New Delhi, Seoul, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo.

 

We believe that we currently maintain sufficient space to meet our anticipated needs.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Directors and Executive Officers

 

Set forth below is information concerning our directors, director nominees and executive officers. We expect to appoint additional directors over time who are not employees of Lazard or otherwise affiliated with management.

 

Name


   Age

  

Position


Bruce Wasserstein

   57   

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Robert Charles Clark

   61   

Director Nominee

Ellis Jones

   51   

Director Nominee

Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.

   69   

Senior Managing Director and Director Nominee

Anthony Orsatelli

   54   

Director Nominee

Michael J. Castellano

   58   

Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer

Steven J. Golub

   59   

Managing Director and Vice Chairman, Chairman of Financial Advisory Group

Scott D. Hoffman

   42   

Managing Director and General Counsel

Charles G. Ward, III

   52   

President, Chairman of Asset Management Group

 

Executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the pleasure of, our board of directors. A brief biography of each director and executive officer follows.

 

Bruce Wasserstein will serve as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Wasserstein has served as the Head of Lazard and Chairman of the Executive Committee since January 2002. Prior to joining Lazard, Mr. Wasserstein was Executive Chairman at Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein from January 2001 to November 2001. Prior to joining Dresdner Kleinwort Wasserstein, he served as CEO of Wasserstein Perella Group (an investment banking firm he co-founded) from February 1988 to January 2001, when Wasserstein Perella Group was sold to Dresdner Bank. Prior to founding Wasserstein Perella Group, Mr. Wasserstein was the Co-Head of Investment Banking at The First Boston Corporation. Prior to joining First Boston, Mr. Wasserstein was an attorney at Cravath, Swaine & Moore. Mr. Wasserstein also currently serves as Chairman of Wasserstein & Co., LP, a private merchant bank. Mr. Wasserstein has over 30 years of experience in the investment banking and mergers and acquisitions industry.

 

Robert Charles Clark has served as the Harvard University Distinguished Service Professor at Harvard Law School since July 2003. Professor Clark previously served as the Dean of Harvard Law School from July 1989 to June 2003. Prior to becoming Dean, Professor Clark taught corporate law and corporate finance at Harvard as a Professor of Law, a role he has occupied since October 1978. From July 1974 to September 1978 he was on the faculty of Yale Law School, where he became a tenured Professor of Law. Prior to teaching at Yale Law School, Professor Clark was an attorney at Ropes & Gray from August 1972 to July 1974. Professor Clark currently serves as a trustee of Teachers Insurance Annuity Association (TIAA) and is on the board of directors of Collins & Aikman Corporation, Omnicom Group, Inc. and Time Warner Inc.

 

Ellis Jones has served as Chief Executive Officer of Wasserstein & Co., LP since January 2001. Prior to becoming Chief Executive Officer of Wasserstein & Co., LP, Mr. Jones was a Managing Director of the investment banking firm Wasserstein Perella Inc. from February 1995 to January 2001. Prior to joining Wasserstein Perella Inc., Mr. Jones was a Managing Director at Salomon Brothers Inc. in its Corporate Finance Department from March 1989 to February 1995. Prior to joining Salomon Brothers Inc., Mr. Jones worked in the Investment Banking Department at The First Boston Corporation from September 1979 to March 1989. Mr. Jones has over 20 years of experience in the investment banking and mergers and acquisitions industry.

 

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Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. has served as a Senior Managing Director of Lazard Frères & Co. LLC since January 2000. Mr. Jordan has been Of Counsel at Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld L.L.P. since January 2000, where he served as Senior Executive Partner from January 1982 to December 1999. Prior to that, Mr. Jordan served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Urban League, Inc. from January 1972 to December 1981. Mr. Jordan currently serves on the boards of directors of American Express Company, Asbury Automotive Group, Inc., Dow Jones & Company, Inc., J.C. Penney Company, Inc., Sara Lee Corporation and Xerox Corporation; as a trustee to Howard University; as a Senior Advisor to Shinsei Bank, Ltd.; and on the International Advisory Boards of DaimlerChrysler and Barrick Gold.

 

Anthony Orsatelli has served as the Chief Executive Officer of IXIS Corporate and Investment Bank since November 2004 and as a Member of the Executive Board of Caisse Nationale des Caisses d’Epargne since December 2003. Previously, Mr. Orsatelli held various senior positions with CDC IXIS and CDC Marchés since June 1996. Prior to joining CDC Marchés, Mr. Orsatelli served as the Deputy Head of the Capital Markets Department of Caisse des Dépôts Paris from March 1995 to June 1996. Mr. Orsatelli previously served as the Head of the BNP Group in Japan from January 1992 to March 1995, as a Managing Director of BNP Securities London from October 1988 to December 1991, and as the Head of the international department and risk management at BNP’s financial division from July 1987 to October 1988. Mr. Orsatelli held positions with the French Ministry of Finance from September 1981 to July 1987 and with the Prime Minister’s office in France from September 1977 to September 1981.

 

Michael J. Castellano will be our Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Castellano has served as a Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of Lazard Group since August 2001. Prior to joining Lazard, Mr. Castellano held various senior management positions at Merrill Lynch & Co. from August 1991 to August 2001, including Senior Vice President—Chief Control Officer for Merrill Lynch’s capital markets businesses, Chairman of Merrill Lynch International Bank and Senior Vice President —Corporate Controller. Prior to joining Merrill Lynch & Co., Mr. Castellano was a partner with Deloitte & Touche where he served a number of investment banking clients over the course of his 24 years with the firm. Mr. Castellano has over 35 years of relevant investment banking and securities industry experience.

 

Steven J. Golub will be our Vice Chairman and Chairman of our Financial Advisory Group. Mr. Golub has served as Vice Chairman of Lazard Group since October 2004 and as a Managing Director of Lazard Group since January 1986. Mr. Golub previously served as Chief Financial Officer from July 1997 to August 2001. Mr. Golub also served as a Senior Vice President of Lazard from May 1984 to January 1986. Prior to joining Lazard, Mr. Golub was a Partner at Deloitte Haskins & Sells from July 1980 to May 1984. Prior to joining Deloitte Haskins & Sells, he served as the Deputy Chief Accountant in the Chief Accountant’s Office of the Securities and Exchange Commission from January 1979 to June 1980. Mr. Golub currently serves on the board of directors of Minerals Technologies Inc. Mr. Golub has over 20 years of experience in the investment banking and mergers and acquisitions industry.

 

Scott D. Hoffman will be our General Counsel. Mr. Hoffman has served as a Managing Director of Lazard Group since January 1999 and General Counsel of Lazard Group since January 2001. Mr. Hoffman previously served as Vice President and Assistant General Counsel from February 1994 to December 1997 and as a Director from January 1998 to December 1998. Prior to joining Lazard, Mr. Hoffman was an attorney at Cravath, Swaine & Moore. Mr. Hoffman has over 17 years of experience in the investment banking and mergers and acquisitions industry.

 

Charles G. Ward, III will be our President and Chairman of our Asset Management Group. Mr. Ward has served as President and a Managing Director of Lazard Group since February 2002 and

 

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is the Chairman of our Asset Management Group. Prior to joining Lazard, he was variously the Head or Co-Head of Global Investment Banking and Private Equity of Credit Suisse First Boston, or “CSFB,” from February 1994 to February 2002. Mr. Ward also served as a member of the Executive Board of CSFB from February 1994 to February 2002 and as President of CSFB from April 2000 to November 2000. Prior to joining CSFB, Mr. Ward co-founded Wasserstein Perella Group in February 1988 and served as President of Wasserstein Perella & Co. from January 1990 to February 1994. Prior to serving at Wasserstein Perella & Co., Mr. Ward was Co-Head of Mergers and Acquisitions and the Media Group at The First Boston Corporation where he worked from July 1979 to February 1988. Mr. Ward has over 25 years of experience in the investment banking and mergers and acquisitions industry.

 

There are no family relationships between any of the executive officers or directors of Lazard Ltd. Mr. Jones serves as a trustee of two trusts created by Mr. Wasserstein for the benefit of his family, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “Wasserstein family trusts.” The voting power of the shares of our common stock issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held in the Wasserstein family trusts is vested in Mr. Jones and members of Mr. Wasserstein’s family, as trustees. There are no restrictions under Bermuda law as to nationality or professional qualifications for directors. However, exempted companies such as Lazard Ltd must comply with Bermuda resident representation provisions under the Companies Act, which, as a company whose shares are listed on an appointed stock exchange, including the NYSE, require Lazard Ltd to have a resident representative. The resident representative is responsible for making a report to the Bermuda Registrar of Companies in the event he or she becomes aware that Lazard Ltd has committed a breach of any provision of the Companies Act or where any issue or transfer of shares of Lazard Ltd have been effected in contravention of any other statute regulating the issue or transfer of shares.

 

Board Composition; Classes of Directors

 

Upon the consummation of this offering, we currently expect that our board of directors will consist of five members, who are Messrs. Wasserstein, Clark, Jones, Jordan and Orsatelli. During the year following this offering, we expect to appoint between two and four additional directors. Following such appointments, we will have a seven- to nine-member board, the majority of whom we expect to satisfy the independence standards established by the applicable rules, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, of the SEC and the NYSE. It is anticipated that our board of directors will meet at least quarterly. We expect at least half of our independent directors will be non-U.S. residents at the time of their appointment.

 

Because LAZ-MD Holdings initially will hold a majority of the voting power in us, we could qualify for various exceptions to governance standards as a “controlled company.” We do not, however, intend to elect to be treated as a controlled company following this offering.

 

Our board of directors is divided into three classes, each of whose members serve for a staggered three-year term. Upon the expiration of the term of a class of directors, directors in the class will be up for election for three-year terms at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in the year in which the term expires.

 

In connection with IXIS’s investment as part of the additional financing transactions, we have agreed that we will nominate one person designated by IXIS to our board of directors until such time as (1) the shares of our common stock then owned by IXIS, plus (2) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us then owned by IXIS, constitute less than 50% of the sum of (a) the shares of our common stock initially purchased by IXIS, plus (b) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us initially purchased by IXIS. Anthony Orsatelli is the initial nominee of IXIS to our board of directors.

 

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We have agreed that we will nominate to our board of directors one person designated by the Wasserstein family trusts until such time as (1) the shares of our common stock then owned directly or indirectly by the family trusts or any beneficiaries of the Wasserstein family trusts (in the aggregate), plus (2) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable interests issued by us then owned directly or indirectly by the Wasserstein family trusts or any beneficiaries of the Wasserstein family trusts (in the aggregate), constitute less than 50% of the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities initially issued by us in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions and held by the family trusts (in the aggregate) as of the date of this offering. Ellis Jones is the initial nominee of the Wasserstein family trusts to our board of directors.

 

Board Committees

 

Our board of directors will establish several standing committees in connection with the discharge of its responsibilities. These committees will include an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The board of directors also will establish such other committees as it deems appropriate, in accordance with applicable law and our bye-laws. Pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement, our management intends to support, upon IXIS’s request, the nomination of IXIS’s designee to our board of directors to the audit committee or the nominating and corporate governance committee on which such designee is permitted to serve, legally and pursuant to applicable stock exchange rules. The actual appointment of such designee to any such board committee will be subject to approval of our board of directors in its sole discretion.

 

Audit Committee

 

We expect that the members of the audit committee will be appointed promptly following this offering. All of the members of the audit committee will be independent, as determined in accordance with the rules of the NYSE and any relevant federal securities laws and regulations. The audit committee will assist our board of directors in monitoring the integrity of the financial statements, the independent auditors’ qualifications, independence and performance, the performance of our company’s internal audit function and compliance by our company with certain legal and regulatory requirements.

 

Compensation Committee

 

We expect that the members of the compensation committee will be appointed promptly following this offering. All of the members of the compensation committee will be independent, as determined in accordance with the rules of the NYSE and any relevant federal securities laws and regulations. The compensation committee will oversee the compensation plans, policies and programs of our company, and will have full authority to determine and approve the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, as well as to make recommendations with respect to the compensation of our other executive officers. The compensation committee also will be responsible for producing an annual report on executive compensation for inclusion in our proxy statement. We do not anticipate having any compensation committee interlocks.

 

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

 

We expect that the members of the nominating and corporate governance committee will be appointed promptly following this offering. All of the members of the nominating and corporate governance committee will be independent, as determined in accordance with the rules of the NYSE and any relevant federal securities laws and regulations. The nominating and corporate governance committee will not have more than four directors. The nominating and corporate governance committee will assist our board of directors in promoting the best interests of our company and our stockholders through the implementation of sound corporate governance principles and practices.

 

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The nominating and corporate governance committee will identify individuals qualified to become board members and recommend to our board of directors the director nominees for each annual meeting of stockholders. It also will review the qualifications and independence of the members of our board of directors and its various committees on a regular basis and make any recommendations the committee members may deem appropriate from time to time concerning any changes in the composition of our board of directors and its committees. The nominating and corporate governance committee also will recommend to our board of directors the corporate governance guidelines and standards regarding the independence of outside directors applicable to our company and review such guidelines and standards and the provisions of the nominating and corporate governance committee charter on a regular basis to confirm that such guidelines, standards and charter remain consistent with sound corporate governance practices and with any legal, regulatory or NYSE requirements. The nominating and corporate governance committee also will monitor our board of directors and our company’s compliance with any commitments made to regulators or otherwise regarding changes in corporate governance practices and will lead our board of directors in its annual review of our board of directors’ performance. Our nominating and corporate governance committee also has other responsibilities with respect to our Chief Executive Officer, as more fully described under “Description of Capital Stock—Bermuda Law—Board Actions.”

 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

 

We do not anticipate any interlocking relationships between any member of our compensation committee or our nominating and corporate governance committee and any of our executive officers that would require disclosure under the applicable rules promulgated under the U.S. federal securities laws.

 

Director Compensation

 

Non-Employee Directors

 

We anticipate that directors who are not our employees will receive a reasonable and customary annual retainer consisting of cash and equity for service on our board of directors, and additional fees per meeting to be paid in cash. All or a portion of the equity awards may be subject to vesting requirements.

 

We also anticipate that the chairpersons of the audit committee, compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee will receive reasonable and customary additional annual equity retainers. No other remuneration will be paid to our board members in their capacity as directors.

 

Employee Directors

 

Our employees who also serve as directors will receive compensation for their services as employees, but they will not receive any additional compensation for their service as directors.

 

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Executive Compensation

 

The following table sets forth information regarding the compensation earned by the Head of Lazard and Chairman of the Executive Committee and Lazard Group’s executive officers, collectively referred to as the “named executive officers” in this prospectus, during Lazard Group’s fiscal years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004.

 

Compensation Information(a)

Name 


   Year

   Salary

   Bonus

  

All Other
Compensation


 
           

Bruce Wasserstein

   2004    $ 3,000,000    $ —        $—   (b)
     2003      3,000,000      —        —   (b)

Michael J. Castellano

   2004      250,000      1,550,000      625,000 (c)
     2003      250,000      1,400,000      625,000 (c)

Steven J. Golub

   2004      1,000,000      2,000,000      —    
     2003      750,000      3,250,000      —    

Scott D. Hoffman

   2004      500,000      1,500,000      —    
     2003      500,000      1,150,000      —    

Charles G. Ward, III

   2004      1,500,000      1,500,000      301,000 (d)
     2003      1,500,000      3,098,000      402,000 (d)

(a) The amounts represent compensation for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 and do not include that portion of each named executive officer’s total partnership return from Lazard LLC, in 2004 or 2003, attributable to a return on his invested capital or to his share of the income from investments made by Lazard LLC in prior years that was allocated to the individuals who were members in those years.
(b) Mr. Wasserstein also reimbursed the firm for the personal use of a Lazard-leased aircraft by himself and his family at the incremental cost of this use.
(c) Represents a cash “make whole payment” for foregone compensation from a previous employer, with one more payment of $625,000 having been paid in February 2005.
(d) Represents housing cost for 2003 and 2004 related to Mr. Ward relocating to London from his date of hire through August 2004. Mr. Ward has since moved back to the New York City area and no longer receives a housing cost allowance.

 

Aggregate compensation paid to employees who are not named executive officers may exceed that paid to all or some of the named executive officers.

 

In 2003 and 2004, Lazard Group did not pay long-term compensation to its named executive officers.

 

Retirement Plan Benefits

 

Each of Messrs. Golub and Hoffman has an accrued benefit under the Lazard Frères & Co. LLC Employees’ Pension Plan, a qualified defined-benefit pension plan, and Mr. Hoffman has accrued additional benefits under a related supplemental defined-benefit pension plan. The annual benefit under such plans, payable as a single life annuity commencing at age 65, would be $4,332 for Mr. Golub and $18,852 for Mr. Hoffman. These benefits accrued in each case prior to the applicable officer’s becoming a managing director of Lazard. Benefit accruals under both of these plans were frozen for all participants effective January 31, 2005.

 

Arrangements with Our Managing Directors

 

In connection with this offering, Lazard Group, on behalf of itself, us, and its other affiliates, has entered into Agreements Relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “retention agreements,” with substantially all of our Financial Advisory managing directors and Asset Management managing directors who are not employed by LAM. Asset Management managing directors who are employed by LAM participate in separate equity

 

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arrangements at LAM, which contain restrictive covenants. The material terms of the retention agreements and the LAM arrangements are described below. Those of our managing directors who are employees of our joint venture with Intesa have signed service agreements with our joint venture entity that contain restrictive covenants that are comparable to those in the retention agreements described below. They will participate in our equity or results solely through a cash based incentive plan in the joint venture. See “—The Retention Agreements in General,” “—The Retention Agreements with Named Executive Officers,” and “—LAM Managing Directors.”

 

The Retention Agreements in General

 

The terms set forth below describe the material terms of the form of retention agreement entered into with our managing directors who are currently working members. You should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement for a copy of the form of agreement. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

Participation in This Offering

 

As part of the retention agreement, the managing director agrees to execute and deliver all documents, consents and agreements that are necessary to effectuate this offering and related transactions, and we agree that certain material terms of the agreements described below will not be modified in a manner that materially and adversely affects the rights provided thereunder.

 

In connection with the transactions, each retention agreement provides that the managing director’s unvested working member interests will vest, and the managing director will receive, in exchange for his or her working member interests, LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests. They also will have their working member capital exchanged for an identical amount of capital in LAZ-MD Holdings, and receive a profits interest in LAZ-MD Holdings. The chart below sets forth the amounts of interests that will be held by each named executive officer:

 

Managing Director


   LAZ-MD Holdings
Exchangeable Interests


   Capital

   LAZ-MD
Holdings
Profits Interests


Bruce Wasserstein(1)

   10,427,894    $ —      10,427,894

Michael J. Castellano

   478,314      187,500    478,314

Steven J. Golub

   1,806,966      4,169,241    1,806,966

Scott D. Hoffman

   584,607      430,626    584,607

Charles G. Ward, III

   1,594,382      514,500    1,594,382

(1) Includes 8,355,198 interests held directly or indirectly by the Wasserstein family trusts. The voting power over the shares of our common stock issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by the Wasserstein family trusts is vested in Ellis Jones, who will serve on our board of directors, and members of Mr. Wasserstein’s family, as trustees. Mr. Wasserstein does not have any beneficial or other ownership interest in these interests.

 

LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests

 

The retention agreements provide that the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests may, at the managing director’s election, be effectively exchangeable into shares of our common stock on the eighth anniversary of this offering. In addition, the managing director may elect such an exchange on an accelerated basis under certain circumstances, as follows:

 

  Ÿ   If the managing director continues to provide services through the third anniversary of this offering (or is terminated without cause or due to disability prior thereto) and has not violated any of the restrictive covenants described below, the managing director may elect such a conversion in three equal installments on and after each of the third, fourth, and fifth anniversaries of this offering.

 

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  Ÿ   If the managing director continues to provide services through the second anniversary of this offering but not through the third anniversary of this offering (and was not terminated without cause or due to disability) and has not violated any of the restrictive covenants described below, the managing director may elect such an exchange in three equal installments on and after each of the fourth, fifth and sixth anniversaries of this offering.

 

  Ÿ   If a managing director incurs a termination of services due to death on or prior to the second anniversary of this offering, all exchangeable interests held by the managing director shall, at our election, either become exchangeable no later than the first anniversary of such death or be purchased by LAZ-MD Holdings no later than the first anniversary of such death at the trading price of our common stock on the date of such repurchase. The same treatment shall apply upon a death on or prior to the second anniversary of this offering that occurs subsequent to the managing director’s retirement, provided that the managing director did not violate any of the restrictive covenants described below subsequent to retirement (without regard to the time limits generally applicable to such covenants). For purposes of the agreement, retirement is defined as voluntary termination following attainment either of both age 55 and 10 years of service as a managing director or attainment of age 65.

 

  Ÿ   If a managing director incurs a termination of services due to death subsequent to the second anniversary of this offering, but prior to the fourth anniversary of this offering, all exchangeable interests held by the managing director may be exchanged on the later of the third anniversary of this offering and the anniversary of this offering that next follows the date of such death. The same treatment shall apply upon a death subsequent to the second anniversary of this offering, but prior to the fourth anniversary of this offering that occurs subsequent to the managing director’s retirement, provided that the managing director did not violate any of the restrictive covenants described below subsequent to retirement (without regard to the time limits generally applicable to such covenants).

 

  Ÿ   In the event of a change of control, as set forth in the master separation agreement after the first anniversary of the closing of this offering, all exchangeable interests held by the managing director will be exchanged immediately by our managing directors prior to the change of control at a time and in a fashion designed to allow the managing director to participate in the change of control on a basis no less favorable than that applicable to our stockholders generally. This acceleration right will apply to all holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests regardless of whether they sign or are asked to sign a retention agreement.

 

The subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd that hold Lazard Ltd’s Lazard Group common membership interests can, with the approval of our board of directors, accelerate the above described exchange schedule in its discretion, as set forth in the master separation agreement after the first anniversary of the closing of this offering. Both LAZ-MD Holdings and our subsidiaries through which the exchanges will be effected, with the consent of Lazard Ltd board of directors, have the right to require the managing director to effectively exchange the exchangeable interests into shares of our common stock during the 30-day period commencing on the ninth anniversary of this offering, if no such exchange has previously occurred.

 

Profits Interests

 

The retention agreements provide that LAZ-MD Holdings profits interests will receive distributions designed to reimburse the managing director for income taxes due in respect of such profits interests. In addition, beginning as of the third anniversary of this offering, the LAZ-MD Holdings profits interests will receive distributions parallel to the dividends paid on shares of our common stock. The retention agreements provide that LAZ-MD Holdings profits interests will be granted only if the managing director continues to provide services as of this offering and only while such managing director continues to provide services to us.

 

 

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Capital

 

The retention agreements provide that LAZ-MD Holdings shall assume the existing obligations of Lazard Group for capital in Lazard Group and that LAZ-MD Holdings shall distribute to each managing director who is a party to a retention agreement amounts in respect of the managing director’s capital accounts relating to his or her working member interests in equal installments on the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of this offering. Each managing director also agrees that his or her rights to all capital of LAZ-MD Holdings allocated with respect to the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and related profits interests shall be forfeited without payment therefor upon the exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests.

 

Services

 

Pursuant to the retention agreement, each managing director makes a commitment that is not legally binding to continue to provide services to us at least through the second anniversary of this offering, and, while providing services, to devote his or her entire working time, labor, skill and energies to us. The retention agreements provide each of the managing directors with a minimum base salary. The retention agreements also provide that annual bonuses will be determined in the sole discretion of the Chief Executive Officer of Lazard Ltd, subject to approval by our board of directors or an appropriate committee thereof if required by law or regulation, and such annual bonuses may be paid pursuant to our bonus plan (see “—Bonus Plan” below). A portion of the annual bonuses may be payable as equity compensation. In addition, each managing director will be eligible to participate in our long-term incentive compensation programs and in our employee benefit plans generally. Generally, the provision of services under the retention agreements is terminable by either party upon three months’ notice. No severance is payable upon a termination by us, other than continued compensation during the three-month notice period.

 

Restrictive Covenants

 

The retention agreements provide that the managing director is subject to the following restrictive covenants:

 

Noncompetition and Nonsolicitation of Clients.    While providing services to us and during the three-month period following termination of the managing director’s services to us (one-month period in the event of such a termination by us without cause), the managing director may not:

 

  Ÿ   perform services in a line of business that is similar to any line of business in which the managing director provided services to us in a capacity that is similar to the capacity in which the managing director acted for us while providing services to us (“competing services”) for any business enterprise that engages in any activity, or owns a significant interest in any entity that engages in any activity, that competes with any activity in which we are engaged up to and including the date of termination of employment (a “competitive enterprise”),

 

  Ÿ   acquire an ownership or voting interest of 5% or more in any competitive enterprise, or

 

  Ÿ   solicit any of our clients on behalf of a competitive enterprise in connection with the performance of services that would be competing services or otherwise interfere with or disrupt any client’s relationship with us.

 

Nonsolicitation of Employees.    While providing services to us and during the six-month period following termination of the managing director’s services, the managing director may not, directly or indirectly, in any manner, solicit or hire any of our employees at the associate level or above to apply for, or accept employment with, any competitive enterprise or otherwise interfere with any such employee’s relationship with us.

 

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Transfer of Client Relationships, Nondisparagement and Notice Period Restrictions.    The managing director is required, upon termination of his or her services to us and during the 90-day period following termination, to take all actions and do all things reasonably requested by us to maintain for us the business, goodwill and business relationships with our clients with which he worked, provided that such actions and things do not materially interfere with other employment or professional activities of the managing director. In addition, while providing services to us and thereafter, the managing director generally may not disparage us, and during the three-month notice period described above, the managing director is prohibited from entering into a written agreement to perform services for a competitive enterprise.

 

Breach of Restrictive Covenants Prior to This Offering.    In the event that the managing director violates the restrictive covenants prior to this offering, the managing director will forfeit his or her unvested existing Lazard Group interests. If the violation of the restrictive covenants also is a violation of the restrictive covenants in the managing director’s existing agreement with Lazard Group, the managing director will forfeit his or her vested Lazard Group interests as well. These remedies will be in addition to any other remedies we may have against the managing director.

 

Supercession of and Integration with Other Agreements

 

The retention agreements generally supersede all other agreements between us and the managing directors, except, to the extent that the managing director is subject to an existing services agreement, the provisions of the existing agreement generally survive if they are not inconsistent with the terms of the retention agreements. In addition, limited modifications have been made to some of the terms of the retention agreement to reflect the specific situations of some of the managing directors. The material terms of the modifications made to the retention agreements with the named executive officers are described below. See “—The Retention Agreements with Named Executive Officers.”

 

Expiration If No Offering

 

The retention agreements provide that they shall expire and be of no further effect in the event the equity public offering does not occur prior to September 30, 2005 or is otherwise abandoned or terminated prior to such date or in the event that the agreement with the historical partners is terminated prior to such date.

 

LAM Managing Directors

 

As noted above, managing directors employed by LAM generally are not parties to the above retention agreements and will not be receiving interests in LAZ-MD Holdings in connection with this offering. Instead, these managing directors and certain LAM employees will continue to hold their LAM equity units. The economic characteristics of these LAM equity units are described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Key Financial Measures and Indicators—Minority Interest.”

 

The LAM equity units are subject to various multi-year vesting schedules. As of the consummation of this offering, approximately 60% of the LAM equity units will have vested. The LAM equity units are subject to the following additional vesting and forfeiture rules set forth in the limited liability company agreement of LAM and in the equity plan:

 

  Ÿ   All unvested LAM equity units are forfeited upon a termination of the holder’s employment for cause or upon a voluntary termination of employment that is not for good reason.

 

  Ÿ   Upon a termination for cause prior to January 2, 2006, all vested LAM equity units are forfeited, and upon such a termination subsequent to January 2, 2006, LAM equity units which vested during the 24-month period prior to such termination shall be forfeited.

 

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  Ÿ   All LAM equity units are forfeited upon a breach of the confidentiality and non-solicit restrictions applicable to LAM managing directors, or upon violation prior to January 2, 2006 of the non-compete restrictions applicable to LAM managing directors. Upon a violation of the non-compete restrictions subsequent to January 2, 2006, any unvested LAM equity units and any LAM equity units which vested during the 24-month period prior to such termination shall be forfeited.

 

  Ÿ   Upon certain change of control or liquidity events, the LAM phantom equity units are forfeited in exchange for payments similar to those payable to LAM equity interest holders in connection with the event, whose LAM equity interests also are forfeited for payment.

 

The non-solicitation restrictions prohibit solicitation and hire of our employees to work for a competing business or to resign from employment with us. These restrictions apply during the employment of the managing director with us and for one year thereafter. The non-compete restriction prohibits activities for competitive enterprises that are similar to those performed by the managing director for us. These restrictions apply during employment with us and until the six-month anniversary of termination of employment, except that they expire on the first anniversary of various change of control or liquidity events and are limited to 30 days following termination of employment if the termination is by the managing director for good reason or by us without cause.

 

The Retention Agreements with Named Executive Officers

 

 

In connection with this offering, the named executive officers have entered into retention agreements with Lazard Group, on behalf of itself, us and our other affiliates, that contain provisions relating to their participation in this offering and the terms of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and restrictive covenants that are substantially similar to those of the form of retention agreement executed by other managing directors, as well as the additional terms described below. In the case of Mr. Wasserstein, the provisions relating to his participation in this offering are set forth in a separate agreement relating to the reorganization of Lazard, which agreement, for purposes of this description, is deemed to be part of his retention agreement, and which agreement, together with his retention agreement, replaces in its entirety Mr. Wasserstein’s previous employment agreement with Lazard Group.

 

Compensation and Employee Benefits

 

The retention agreement with each of Messrs. Wasserstein and Golub provides for a guaranteed level of compensation during the term of each such agreement, which term continues until the third anniversary of this offering, and the retention agreement with each of Messrs. Castellano, Hoffman and Ward provides for a guaranteed level of compensation through the 2007 calendar year, in each case, so long as the applicable named executive officer continues to provide services to us. Mr. Wasserstein will be eligible to receive an annual base salary of no less than $4.8 million during the three-year period following this offering, and each of Messrs. Castellano, Golub, Hoffman and Ward will be eligible to receive a guaranteed total compensation amount for each of 2005, 2006 and 2007 (until the third anniversary of this offering for Mr. Golub) of no less than $2 million, $3 million, $2.25 million and $3 million, respectively, with at least $500,000, $1.5 million, $600,000 and $1.5 million, respectively, of such guaranteed total compensation amount payable as annual base salary, except that the guaranteed compensation amount for Mr. Ward can be reduced in connection with reductions applicable to the majority of our deputy chairmen.

 

In addition, Mr. Wasserstein’s agreement provides that until the third anniversary of this offering, he will participate in the employee benefit plans and programs generally applicable to our most senior executives on terms no less favorable than those provided to such senior executives, except that his

 

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participation in equity-related, bonus, incentive, profit sharing or deferred compensation plans will require the consent of our board of directors, and provides in addition that he will be entitled to perquisites and fringe benefits no less favorable than those provided to him by Lazard Group immediately prior to this offering, to the extent not inconsistent with our policies as in effect from time to time, which perquisites and fringe benefits are similar to those customarily provided to chief executive officers. The retention agreements with each of Messrs. Castellano, Golub, Hoffman and Ward provide that they will be entitled to participate in employee retirement and welfare benefit plans and programs of the type made available to our most senior executives.

 

Payments and Benefits Upon Certain Terminations of Service

 

Each retention agreement with a named executive officer provides for certain severance benefits in the event of a termination prior to the third anniversary of this offering by us other than for cause or by the named executive officer for good reason (which we refer to below as a qualifying termination). The level of the severance benefits depends on whether the applicable termination occurs prior to or following a change in control of Lazard Ltd.

 

In the event of a qualifying termination of a named executive officer prior to a change in control, the named executive officer would be entitled to receive (i) any unpaid base salary accrued through the date of termination, (ii) any earned but unpaid bonuses for years completed prior to the date of termination, (iii) a prorated bonus for the year of termination and (iv) a severance payment in the following amounts: Mr. Wasserstein, two times base salary; Messrs. Castellano, Golub, Hoffman and Ward, one-and-a-half times (two times in the case of Mr. Golub) the greater of such named executive officer’s guaranteed compensation amount or such named executive officer’s base salary plus average bonus for the two calendar years preceding the year of termination. Upon such a qualifying termination, the named executive officer and his eligible dependents would generally continue to be eligible to participate in our medical and dental benefit plans, on the same basis as in effect immediately prior to the executive’s date of termination (which currently requires the named executive officer to pay the full cost of the premiums), for the following periods: for Mr. Wasserstein, for the remainder of his life and the life of his current spouse; for Mr. Golub, until the later to occur of the second anniversary of termination of service and February 29, 2008; for each of Messrs. Castellano, Hoffman and Ward, for a period of 18 months following the date of termination of service. The period of such medical and dental benefits continuation would generally be credited towards the named executive officer’s credited age and service for purpose of our retiree medical program.

 

As a separate matter, Lazard Group has and will have granted additional unallocated working member interests and reallocated working member interests to current working members, including its named executive officers, as described under “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Certain Relationships with Our Directors and Executive Officers—Transactions with Our Working Members.”

 

In the event of a qualifying termination of a named executive officer on or following a change in control, the named executive officer would receive the severance payments and benefits described in the preceding paragraph, except that the severance payments would be in the following amounts: Mr. Wasserstein, three times base salary; Messrs. Castellano, Golub, Hoffman and Ward, three times the greater of such named executive officer’s guaranteed compensation amount or such named executive officer’s base salary plus average bonus for the two calendar years preceding the year of termination. In addition, each of the named executive officers and his eligible dependents would be eligible for continued participation in our medical and dental benefit plans and receive age and service credit, as described above, except the applicable period for each of Messrs. Castellano, Golub, Hoffman and Ward would be 36 months following the date of termination of service.

 

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The retention agreement with Mr. Wasserstein provides that in the event his service is terminated due to his death or disability, he and/or his current spouse, as applicable, would continue to be eligible for the medical and dental benefits described above.

 

The retention agreement with Mr. Golub provides that if his service terminates due to his death or disability prior to the third anniversary of this offering or upon the expiration of his agreement as of the third anniversary of this offering, he would be entitled to a prorated bonus for the year of termination.

 

Change in Control Excise Tax Gross-up

 

Each retention agreement with a named executive officer provides that in the event that the named executive officer’s receipt of any payment made by us under the retention agreement or otherwise are subject to the excise tax imposed under section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the “Code,” an additional payment will be made to restore the executive to the after-tax position that he would have been in if the excise tax had not been imposed.

 

Provisions Relating to the Reorganization and Restrictive Covenants

 

Generally, the retention agreements with the named executive officers contain restrictive covenants and provisions relating to their participation in the offering that are substantially similar to those in the retention agreements signed by our other managing directors. However, the scope of the covenants applicable to Mr. Wasserstein limiting his ability to compete with us and to solicit our clients are generally more restrictive than those applicable to our other managing directors, although Mr. Wasserstein may continue his relationship with and ownership interest in Wasserstein & Co., LP on terms consistent with past practice without violating these covenants, so long as such activities do not significantly interfere with his performance of his duties as our chairman and chief executive officer. In addition, the nondisparagement provision between Mr. Wasserstein and us is reciprocal.

 

Under each retention agreement with a named executive officer, a termination by the named executive officer for good reason would be treated as a termination by us without cause for purposes of the duration of the restrictive covenants and the provisions governing the timing of exchangeability of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests into shares of our common stock.

 

See “Arrangements With Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General—Participation in this Offering” for a chart setting forth the interests of each named executive officer.

 

Bonus Plan

 

To align employee and stockholder interests, we intend to adopt the 2005 Bonus Plan for purposes of determining annual bonuses for our senior executives. The compensation committee will have full direct responsibility and authority for determining our Chief Executive Officer’s compensation under the plan and will make recommendations with regard to the compensation of our other executive officers under the plan. Subject to overall compensation limits as determined from time to time and, with respect to plan participants, the terms of the plan, our Chief Executive Officer will have responsibility for determining the compensation of all employees except as provided above.

 

Participants in the plan will be designated during the first three months of each fiscal year, although participants may be added or removed at any time prior to payment of bonuses for the fiscal year. The actual size of the bonus pool will be determined at the end of each fiscal year, taking into account our results of operations, stockholder return and/or other measures of our financial performance or of the financial performance of one or more of our subsidiaries or divisions. A target maximum ratio of aggregate compensation and benefits expense for the year (including annual cash

 

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bonus payments under the plan) to annual revenue or income (or to similar measures of corporate profitability) may also be taken into account, and it is currently anticipated that this will initially be based on our current target ratio of compensation and benefits expense to operating revenue of 57.5%. The bonus pool will be allocated among the participants in the plan with respect to each fiscal year. This allocation may be made at any time prior to payment of bonuses for such year, and may take into account any factors deemed appropriate, including, without limitation, assessments of individual, subsidiary or division performance and input of management.

 

Amounts payable under the bonus plan will be satisfied in cash or through equity awards granted under our equity incentive plan.

 

The Equity Incentive Plan

 

The following is a description of the material terms of the Equity Incentive Plan (which we refer to in this section as the “plan”). You should, however, refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement for a copy of the plan. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

Purpose

 

The purposes of the plan are to attract, retain and motivate key employees and directors of, and consultants and advisors to, Lazard and to align the interests of key employees, directors, consultants and advisors with those of stockholders through equity-based compensation and enhanced opportunities for ownership of shares of our common stock. We currently expect that after this offering we will pay a portion of our bonus compensation in the form of equity awards of Lazard Ltd that will be subject to vesting and other terms. We do not currently intend to grant any stock options in respect of shares of our common stock during the first two years following this offering unless and to the extent that we determine that such grants would be appropriate for European employees or managing directors under agreed upon circumstances.

 

Administration

 

The plan will be administered by the compensation committee or such other committee of our board of directors as our board of directors may from time to time establish. The committee administering the plan will be referred to in this description as the “committee.” Among other things, the committee will have the authority to select individuals to whom awards may be granted, to determine the type of award as well as the number of shares of common stock to be covered by each award, and to determine the terms and conditions of any such awards. All determinations by the committee or its designee under the plan will be final, binding and conclusive.

 

Eligibility

 

Persons who serve or agree to serve as our officers, employees, directors, consultants or advisors who are responsible for, or contribute to, our management, growth and profitability are eligible to be granted awards under the plan. Holders of equity-based awards issued by a company acquired by us or with which we combine will be eligible to receive substitute awards under the plan.

 

Shares Available

 

Subject to adjustment, the plan authorizes the issuance of up to 25,000,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the grant or exercise of stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock, stock units and other equity-based awards. If any award is forfeited or if any stock option or SAR

 

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terminates without being exercised, or if any SAR is exercised for cash, shares of common stock subject to such awards will be available for distribution in connection with awards under the plan. If the option price of any stock option granted under the plan is satisfied by delivering shares of common stock to us (by actual delivery or attestation), only the number of shares of common stock issued net of the shares of common stock delivered or attested to will be deemed delivered for purposes of determining the maximum number of shares of common stock available for delivery under the plan. To the extent any shares are not delivered to a participant because such shares are used to satisfy any applicable tax-withholding obligation, such shares will not be deemed to have been delivered for purposes of determining the maximum number of shares of common stock available for delivery under the plan. The shares subject to grant under the plan are to be made available from authorized but unissued shares or from shares held by our subsidiaries, as determined from time to time by our board of directors.

 

Change in Capitalization or Change in Control

 

The plan provides that, in the event of any change in corporate capitalization, such as a stock split, or any fundamental corporate transaction, such as any merger, amalgamation, consolidation, separation, spinoff or other distribution of property (including any extraordinary cash or stock dividend), or any reorganization or partial or complete liquidation of us, the committee or the board of directors may make such substitution or adjustment as it deems appropriate in its discretion in the aggregate number and kind of shares reserved for issuance under the plan, in the exercise price of shares subject to outstanding stock options and SARs, and in the number and kind of shares subject to other outstanding awards granted under the plan. Any adjustments described in the immediately preceding sentence that are considered “deferred compensation” subject to Section 409A of the Code will be made in such manner as to ensure that after such adjustment, the awards either continue not to be subject to, or comply with the requirements of, Section 409A of the Code. The plan also provides that in the event of a “change in control” of us, unless otherwise provided for in the individual award agreement: (i) SARs and stock options outstanding as of the date of the change in control, which are not then exercisable and vested will become fully exercisable and vested, (ii) the restrictions and deferral limitations applicable to restricted stock will lapse and such restricted stock will become free of all restrictions and fully vested, and (iii) all stock units will vest in full and be immediately settled.

 

Types of Awards

 

As indicated above, several types of awards can be made under the plan. A summary of these grants is set forth below.

 

Stock Options

 

Eligible individuals can be granted non-qualified stock options under the plan. The exercise price of such options cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of the stock underlying the options on the date of grant. The term of the options will be determined by the committee. Optionees may pay the exercise price in cash or, if approved by the committee, in common stock (valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise) or a combination thereof, or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, by “cashless exercise” through a broker or by withholding shares otherwise receivable on exercise. The committee will determine the vesting and exercise schedule of options. Unless determined otherwise by the committee in its discretion, unvested options terminate upon termination of service, and vested options will generally remain exercisable for one year after the optionee’s death, three years after the optionee’s termination for disability, five years after the optionee’s retirement and 90 days after the optionee’s termination for any other reason (other than for cause, in which case all options will terminate). Unless determined otherwise by the committee, if an optionee’s service terminates during the two-year period following a change in control (other than for cause), options held

 

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by the optionee will remain exercisable until the third anniversary of the change in control. Notwithstanding the foregoing rules, in no event will an option remain exercisable following the expiration of its original term.

 

SARs

 

SARs may be granted as stand-alone awards or in conjunction with an option. An SAR entitles the holder to receive, upon exercise, the excess of the fair market value of a share of common stock at the time of exercise over the exercise price of the applicable SAR multiplied by the specified number of shares of common stock in respect of which the SAR has been exercised. Such amount will be paid to the holder in stock (valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise), cash or a combination thereof, as the committee may determine. An SAR granted in conjunction with an option is exercisable only when and to the extent the related option is exercisable. An option will be cancelled to the extent that its related SAR is exercised or cancelled, and an SAR will be cancelled to the extent the related option is exercised or cancelled. Unless determined otherwise by the committee, unvested SARs terminate upon termination of service, and vested SARs generally will remain exercisable for one year after the holder’s death, three years after the holder’s termination for disability, five years after the holder’s termination due to retirement and 90 days after the holder’s termination for any other reason (other than for cause, in which case all SARs will terminate). Unless determined otherwise by the committee, if a holder’s service terminates during the two-year period following a change in control (other than for cause), SARs held by the holder will remain exercisable until the third anniversary of the change in control. Notwithstanding the foregoing rules, in no event will an SAR remain exercisable following the expiration of its original term. Generally, stand-alone SARS are subject to the same terms and conditions as stock options as described above.

 

Restricted Stock

 

Restricted stock may be granted with such restrictions and restricted periods as the committee may determine. The committee may provide that a grant of restricted stock will vest upon the continued service of the participant or the satisfaction of applicable performance goals. Restricted stock is generally forfeited upon termination of service, unless otherwise provided by the committee. Other than such restrictions on transfer and any other restrictions the committee may impose, the participant will have all the rights of a stockholder with respect to the restricted stock award, although the committee may provide for the automatic deferral or reinvestment of dividends or impose vesting requirements on dividends.

 

Stock Units

 

The committee may grant stock unit awards, which represent a right to receive cash based on the fair market value of a share of common stock or a share of common stock. The committee may provide that a grant of stock units will vest upon the continued service of the participant or the satisfaction of applicable performance goals. Stock units that are not vested are generally forfeited upon termination of service, unless otherwise provided by the committee. Holders of stock units do not have the rights of a stockholder with respect to the award unless and until the award is settled in shares of common stock, although the committee may provide for dividend equivalent rights.

 

Other Equity-Based Awards

 

The committee may grant other types of equity-based awards based upon Lazard common stock, including unrestricted stock and dividend equivalent rights.

 

Transferability

 

Awards generally will not be transferable, except by will and the laws of descent and distribution or to the extent otherwise permitted by the committee.

 

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Duration of the Plan

 

The plan will have a term of ten years from the date of its adoption by our board of directors.

 

Amendment and Discontinuance

 

The plan may be amended, altered or discontinued by the board of directors, but, except as required by applicable law, stock exchange rules, tax rules or accounting rules, no amendment, alteration or discontinuance may materially impair the rights of an optionee under an option or a recipient of an SAR, restricted stock award, stock unit award or other equity-based award previously granted without the optionee’s or recipient’s consent. The plan may not be amended without stockholder approval to the extent such approval is required by applicable law or stock exchange rules. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the committee may grant awards to eligible participants who are subject to legal or regulatory provisions of countries or jurisdictions outside the U.S., on terms and conditions different from those specified in the plan, as it determines to be necessary, and may make such modifications, amendments, procedures, or subplans as are necessary to comply with such legal or regulatory provisions.

 

Federal Income Tax Consequences

 

The following discussion is intended only as a brief summary of the material U.S. federal income tax rules that are generally relevant to non-qualified stock options as the plan does not provide for the grant of incentive stock options within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code. The laws governing the tax aspects of awards are complex and such laws are subject to change.

 

Upon the grant of a nonqualified option, the optionee will not recognize any taxable income and we will not be entitled to a deduction. Upon the exercise of such an option or related SAR, the excess of the fair market value of the shares acquired upon the exercise of the option or SAR over the exercise price of the option or the cash paid under an SAR will constitute compensation taxable to the optionee as ordinary income. We, or our applicable affiliate, in computing our U.S. federal income tax, will generally be entitled to a deduction in an amount equal to the compensation taxable to the optionee.

 

Participatory Interests in Lazard Group

 

We also intend to grant participatory interests in Lazard Group to certain of our current and future managing directors in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions. The participatory interests will be discretionary profits interests that are intended to enable Lazard Group to compensate our managing directors in a manner consistent with historical compensation practices. Initially, 20% of Lazard Group’s adjusted operating income (as defined below) will be distributable among our current managing directors holding Lazard Group participatory interests in amounts as determined in our sole discretion. We may elect to withhold all or part of the distributions otherwise payable in respect of a participatory interest (subject to minimum distributions in respect of taxes). Any associated capital interests will be surrendered in the event the managing director ceases to be employed by Lazard Group. The 20% figure will be set forth in the Lazard Group operating agreement and will be subject to adjustment if the total amount allocable to the holders of the participatory interests exceeds 8% of adjusted operating revenue (as defined below), in which case the aggregate percentage interest will be reduced to equal the amount determined by dividing 8% of adjusted operating revenue by adjusted operating income. For purposes of the above, “adjusted operating revenue” is defined as revenue less interest expense other than with respect to “operating” interest expense and extraordinary gains, and “adjusted operating income” is defined as the difference between adjusted operating revenue and adjusted operating expenses, which, in turn, are defined as

 

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expenses exclusive of compensation expense paid to managing directors (other than LAM managing directors), minority interest, interest expense other than “operating” interest expense, extraordinary losses and income taxes. Amounts distributed pursuant to the participatory interests will be accounted for as part of our compensation and benefits expense and, therefore, included in the computation of our target ratio of compensation expense-to-operating revenue.

 

This program is terminable, in whole or in part, at any time at our election. The participatory interests will carry no other rights, including voting or liquidation rights or preferences, beyond those incident to such distributions, must be forfeited upon a holder ceasing to be a managing director and will not be transferable.

 

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PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth as of the date of this prospectus certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock.

 

To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to this table and pursuant to applicable community property laws, the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock beneficially owned by them. The following table reflects the principal stockholders of Lazard Ltd immediately following this offering. Except as indicated below, the address for each listed stockholder is c/o Lazard Group LLC, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York 10020.

 

Name and Address

of Beneficial Owner


  Number of Shares of
Class B Common Stock
Beneficially Owned


  Number of Shares of
Common Stock
Beneficially Owned (a)


  Percentage of Shares of
Common Stock
Beneficially Owned


   

Percentage of

Voting
Power (b)


 

5% Stockholders:

                   

LAZ-MD Holdings

                   

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, New York

10020

  1   0       66.35 %(e)(f)

IXIS (c)

                   

47, Quai d’Austerlitz

75648 Paris Cedex 13

France

      1,923,077   1.92 %   1.92 %

Directors, director nominees and named executive officers:

                   

Bruce Wasserstein (h)

      11,694,083   11.69 %       11.69 %(d)

Robert Charles Clark

      0        

Ellis Jones (h)

      8,355,198   8.36 %   8.36 %

Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.

      383,715   0.38 %   0.38 %

Anthony Orsatelli (c)(i)

      1,923,077   1.92 %   1.92 %

Michael J. Castellano

      478,314   0.48 %   0.48 %(d)

Steven J. Golub

      1,806,966   1.81 %   1.81 %(d)

Scott D. Hoffman

      584,607   0.58 %   0.58 %(d)

Charles G. Ward, III

      1,594,382   1.59 %   1.59 %(d)

All directors and executive

officers as a group

(nine persons) (g)

      18,465,144   18.45%     18.45 %

 

(a) The Lazard Group common membership interests issued to LAZ-MD Holdings are exchangeable for shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis, as described under “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group.” As each of these Lazard Group common membership interests is associated with a LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest, LAZ-MD Holdings disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of common stock into which the Lazard Group common membership interests are exchangeable.

 

(b) The percentage of voting power includes both the voting power of common stock and Class B common stock in the aggregate.

 

(c) The 1,923,077 shares of our common stock that IXIS is expected to acquire as part of the additional financing transactions generally may not be transferred for a period of 545 days from the date of purchase. Excludes                  to                  shares of our common stock underlying the equity security units to be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement. Were IXIS to exchange these securities at the price at which the common stock is being offered pursuant to the prospectus for the equity public offering, it would beneficially own between         % and         % of the common stock, including the shares of common stock into which the Lazard Group common membership interests are exchangeable.

 

(d)

For each of the named executive officers (except for a portion of Mr. Wasserstein’s interest), the percentage also includes shares of our common stock that are issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by such person and, in the case of Mr. Wasserstein, the Wasserstein family trusts. With respect to Mr. Wasserstein, includes 1,266,190 shares held directly. Voting of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests are subject to voting provisions in the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement and are included in the 66.3% voting interest of LAZ-MD Holdings. See “Certain

 

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Relationships and Related Transactions—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.” The interests are included on an as exchanged basis and absent an acceleration event, these interests will be exchangeable pro-rata on the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the offering assuming satisfaction of service requirements and compliance with covenants as described in “Management Arrangements with our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General” and “—The Retention Agreements with Named Executive Officers.”

 

(e) LAZ-MD Holdings holds the single outstanding share of Class B common stock, which immediately following this offering and the additional financing transactions will represent approximately 66.3% of the voting stock of all shares of our voting stock (or approximately 63.4% of the voting power if the underwriters’ over-allotment is fully exercised).

 

(f) The single share of Class B common stock held by LAZ-MD Holdings generally will entitle our managing directors to one vote per share of each LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest on a pass through basis. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—Exchange of Working Member Interests for LAZ-MD Holdings Interests” and Description of Capital Stock” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transaction—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.”

 

(g) Includes 66,346,154 shares of our common stock that are issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by such persons.

 

(h) Each of Messrs. Wesserstein’s and Jones’ share ownership includes 8,355,198 shares of our common stock that are issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by the Wasserstein family trusts for the benefit of his family and over which he does not have control. The voting power over the shares of our common stock issuable upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests held by the Wasserstein family trusts is vested in Mr. Jones, who will serve on our board of directors, and members of Mr. Wasserstein’s family, as trustees. Neither Mr. Wasserstein nor Mr. Jones has any beneficial or other ownership interest in these shares.

 

(i) Includes the 1,923,077 shares of our common stock that IXIS is expected to acquire as part of the additional financing transactions, which generally may not be transferred for a period of 545 days from the date of purchase. Excludes                  to                  shares of our common stock underlying the equity security units to be issued to IXIS pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement. Mr. Orsatelli disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities issued pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement as described in footnote (c) above.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings

 

Immediately following the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, LAZ-MD Holdings will control our company. LAZ-MD Holdings will own approximately 66.3% of the voting power of all shares of our voting stock (or approximately 63.4% of the voting power if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is fully exercised) and will thereby be able to control the election of our directors. LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting power in our company is intended to mirror its economic interest in Lazard Group, and its voting power will decrease over time in connection with the exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for shares of our common stock. The working members, including our managing directors who hold working member interests at the time of the separation, will own LAZ-MD Holdings and will, through the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, have the right to cause LAZ-MD Holdings to vote its Class B common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis. In addition, LFCM Holdings, which is the entity that will own and operate the separated businesses, will no longer be a subsidiary of either Lazard Group or LAZ-MD Holdings. It will be owned by the working members, including our managing directors who will be members of LAZ-MD Holdings. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Separation—Lazard Ltd will be controlled by LAZ-MD Holdings and, through the LAZ-MD stockholders’ agreement, by the working members, whose interests may differ from those of other stockholders,” and “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

We intend to enter into several agreements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings to effect the separation and recapitalization transactions and to define and regulate the relationships of the parties after the closing of those transactions. Except as described in this section, we do not expect to have any material arrangements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings after the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions other than ordinary course business relationships on arm’s length terms.

 

Agreements with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings

 

We have provided below summary descriptions of the master separation agreement and the other key related agreements we will enter into with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings prior to the closing of this offering. These agreements effect the separation and recapitalization transactions and also provide a framework for our ongoing relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings. These agreements include:

 

  Ÿ   the master separation agreement,

 

  Ÿ   the employee benefits agreement,

 

  Ÿ   the insurance matters agreement,

 

  Ÿ   the license agreement,

 

  Ÿ   the administrative services agreement,

 

  Ÿ   the business alliance agreement, and

 

  Ÿ   the tax receivable agreement.

 

The descriptions set forth below, which summarize the material terms of these agreements, are not complete. You should read the full text of these agreements, which will be filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

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Master Separation Agreement

 

We will enter into a master separation agreement with Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings. The master separation agreement will contain key provisions relating to the separation and recapitalization transactions, including this offering, and the relationship among the parties after completion of this offering. The master separation agreement will identify the assets, liabilities and businesses of Lazard Group that will be included in the separated businesses being transferred to LFCM Holdings and describe when and how the separation will occur. It also will contain the conditions that must be satisfied, or waived by Lazard Group, prior to completion of the separation and recapitalization, including this offering. In addition, the master separation agreement will regulate aspects of the relationship among the parties after this offering, including the exchange mechanics of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests. We will execute the master separation agreement and ancillary agreements before the closing of this offering.

 

The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions

 

The Separation.    The master separation agreement will provide that, prior to the closing of this offering and subject to satisfaction of the conditions described below, Lazard Group will complete the separation by:

 

  Ÿ   forming LAZ-MD Holdings as the holding company of Lazard Group pursuant to the historical partner transaction agreement,

 

  Ÿ   transferring the separated businesses to LFCM Holdings, which will have members’ equity of $245 million, and

 

  Ÿ   distributing all of the interests in LFCM Holdings to LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

Immediately after completion of the separation,

 

  Ÿ   all of the members of Lazard Group immediately prior to the separation will be members of LAZ-MD Holdings and hold interests in LAZ-MD Holdings, including, in the case of the working members, the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests,

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group will be a wholly-owned subsidiary of LAZ-MD Holdings, and

 

  Ÿ   LFCM Holdings will be a wholly-owned subsidiary of LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

Pursuant to the master separation agreement, the parties will cooperate to effect any transfers of the assets, liabilities or businesses included in the separated businesses but not completed on the closing date of the separation due to any approval or consent issues as promptly following that date as is practicable. Until these transfers can be completed, the party retaining any such assets, liabilities or businesses will act as a custodian and trustee on behalf of LFCM Holdings with respect to those assets, liabilities or businesses. In an effort to place each party, insofar as reasonably possible, in the same position as that party would have been had the contributions or assumptions occurred at the time contemplated by the master separation agreement, the master separation agreement will provide that the benefits derived or expenses or liabilities incurred from those assets, liabilities or businesses will be passed on to LFCM Holdings as if the transfers had occurred as contemplated. In addition, we will retain and manage on behalf of LFCM Holdings selected assets relating to the LFCM Holdings business which we have determined are not capable of being transferred. The master separation agreement will also contain provisions regarding LFCM Holdings’ funding obligations with respect to our U.K. pension plan.

 

It is our intention that, immediately after the separation, LFCM Holdings will have $245 million of members’ equity. After the separation, Lazard Group will prepare a balance sheet setting forth the members’ equity of LFCM Holdings as of the separation. If that amount of members’ equity exceeds

 

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the target of $245 million of members’ equity, LFCM Holdings will pay to Lazard Group an amount of cash equal to the excess, and if that amount is less than the target, Lazard Group will pay to LFCM Holdings an amount of cash equal to the shortfall.

 

The master separation agreement will provide that Lazard Group will license or sublease to LFCM Holdings certain office space, including office space that is used by the separated businesses. This will include subleasing or licensing approximately 2,500 square feet of space under the lease in London located at 50 Stratton Street to LFCM Holdings, which LFCM Holdings expects to further sublease to third parties. LFCM Holdings is also providing certain indemnities relating to the costs of excess space of approximately 49,200 square feet in the same premises. In addition, LFCM will be providing an indemnity relating to the lease of former London premises, abandoned in 2003 and expiring in 2008, against any further costs not already taken into account in the liability relating to such premises in Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements. LFCM Holdings will pay to Lazard Group lease costs of up to a maximum of $29 million in the aggregate under the two U.K. lease indemnity arrangements. As reflected in the notes to Lazard Group’s consolidated financial statements, as of December 31, 2004, our principal U.K. pension plan had a deficit of approximately $95 million under current actuarial assumptions. This deficit would ordinarily be funded over time. We are in discussions with the trustees of that pension plan aimed at reaching agreement regarding a deficit reduction plan as well as asset allocation. In considering their duties to beneficiaries, the trustees also have the power to change the asset allocation. Any changes in the asset allocation could increase the unfunded liability that would be funded over time, depending on asset mix, any increase in liabilities and returns. It is also the case that the relevant pensions regulator in the U.K. may have the power, to require contributions to be made to plans, and to impose support in respect of the funding of plans by related companies other than the direct obligors. We anticipate that LFCM Holdings will make payments of approximately 30 million British pounds in the aggregate to Lazard Group or one of its subsidiaries to reduce the pension plan deficit.

 

The Recapitalization.    The master separation agreement will provide that, subject to satisfaction of the conditions described below, the parties will complete the recapitalization by:

 

  Ÿ   closing this offering and the additional financing transactions,

 

  Ÿ   causing Lazard Ltd to purchase Lazard Group common membership interests with the net proceeds of this offering,

 

  Ÿ   redeeming historical partner interests and redeemable preferred stock held by the historical partners pursuant to the historical partner transaction agreement, and

 

  Ÿ   having LAZ-MD Holdings distribute all of the interests in LFCM Holdings to its members.

 

Pursuant to the master separation agreement, the redemption of the historical partners’ interests will occur in two steps. LAZ-MD Holdings will redeem the two classes of LAZ-MD Holdings interests held by the historical partners for interests in Lazard Group, and Lazard Group will immediately thereafter redeem those Lazard Group interests for the cash redemption payment or other consideration as provided in the historical partner transaction agreement or for shares of our common stock as described in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group.”

 

Immediately after completion of the recapitalization, including the closing of this offering and the additional financing transactions,

 

  Ÿ   LAZ-MD Holdings will hold 66.3% of the Lazard Group common membership interests (or 63.4% if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full),

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd will indirectly hold 33.7% of the Lazard Group common membership interests (or 36.6% if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full),

 

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  Ÿ   LAZ-MD Holdings will hold our Class B common stock, which will entitle it to 66.3% of the voting power of, and no economic rights in, Lazard Ltd (or 63.4% of the voting power if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full), and

 

  Ÿ   the working members will be the sole members of each of LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings.

 

The master separation agreement provides that the separation and recapitalization transactions will be completed on the closing date of the equity public offering.

 

Conditions to the Separation and Recapitalization Transactions

 

The master separation agreement will provide that the separation and recapitalization transactions, including the closing of this offering, are subject to several conditions that must be satisfied, or waived by Lazard Group, including:

 

  Ÿ   each of the conditions to the separation set forth in the historical partner transaction agreement shall have been satisfied or waived in accordance with the historical partner transaction agreement, and the historical partner transaction agreement shall not have been terminated and shall be in full force and effect,

 

  Ÿ   the board of directors of Lazard Group shall have given final approval of the separation and the recapitalization transactions, which approval the board of directors may give in its sole and absolute discretion,

 

  Ÿ   the SEC shall have declared effective the registration statements relating to this offering and the ESU offering, and no stop order shall be in effect with respect to those registration statements,

 

  Ÿ   the actions and filings necessary or appropriate with state securities and blue sky laws and any comparable foreign laws shall have been taken and where applicable become effective or been accepted,

 

  Ÿ   the NYSE shall have accepted for listing the shares of our common stock to be issued in this offering,

 

  Ÿ   no order by any court or other legal restraint preventing completion of any of the separation or recapitalization transactions shall be in effect,

 

  Ÿ   all third-party consents and governmental approvals required in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions shall have been received, and

 

  Ÿ   neither the master separation agreement nor the historical partner transaction agreement shall have been terminated and shall be in full force and effect.

 

Relationship Among Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings

 

The master separation agreement will contain various provisions governing the relationship among Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings after the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, including with respect to the following matters.

 

Limitation on Scope of LAZ-MD Holdings’ Operations.    The master separation agreement will provide that LAZ-MD Holdings will not engage in any business other than to act as the holding company for the working members’ interests in Lazard Group and our Class B common stock and actions incidental thereto, except as otherwise agreed by Lazard Ltd.

 

Parity of Lazard Group Common Membership Interests and Our Common Stock.    The master separation agreement will also set forth the intention of Lazard Group and Lazard Ltd that the number

 

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of Lazard Group common membership interests held by Lazard Ltd (or its subsidiaries) will at all times be equal in number to the number of outstanding shares of our common stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.

 

Lazard Ltd Expenses.    The master separation agreement will also set forth the intention of Lazard Group to reimburse Lazard Ltd for its costs and expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business.

 

LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests

 

Terms of Exchange.    The master separation agreement will set forth the terms and arrangements with respect to the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests. See “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.”

 

Accelerated Exchange.    The master separation agreement will provide that each of LAZ-MD Holdings and our subsidiaries that directly hold our Lazard Group common interests, upon the approval of our board of directors, will have the power to accelerate the exchange of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests for our common shares after the first anniversary of the closing of this offering. In addition, the exchangeability of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will be accelerated in connection with a change in control of Lazard Ltd, as defined in our 2005 equity incentive plan after the first anniversary of the closing of this offering, unless otherwise determined by our board of directors.

 

Transfers of LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.     Lazard Group will be empowered to authorize transfers of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests to trusts or similar entities for estate planning or charitable purposes, which transfers will otherwise generally be prohibited by the terms of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in the absence of such authorization. In addition, Lazard Group will be entitled to permit the transfer of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests to other holders of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests or pursuant to a repurchase of LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests.

 

Indemnification

 

In general, under the master separation agreement, Lazard Group will indemnify LFCM Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings and their respective representatives and affiliates for any and all losses (including tax losses) that such persons incur to the extent arising out of or relating to our business (both historically and in the future) and any and all losses that LFCM Holdings, LAZ-MD Holdings and their respective representatives and affiliates incur arising out of or relating to Lazard Group’s or Lazard Ltd’s breach of the master separation agreement.

 

In general, LFCM Holdings will indemnify Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and their respective representatives and affiliates for any and all losses (including tax losses) that such persons incur arising out of or relating to the separated businesses and the businesses conducted by LFCM Holdings (both historically and in the future) and any and all losses that Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and their respective representatives or affiliates incur arising out of or relating to LFCM Holdings’ breach of the master separation agreement.

 

In general, under the master separation agreement, LAZ-MD Holdings will indemnify Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, LFCM Holdings and their respective representatives and affiliates for any and all losses that such persons incur to the extent arising out of or relating to LAZ-MD Holdings’ breach of the master separation agreement.

 

All indemnification amounts would be reduced by any insurance proceeds and other offsetting amounts recovered by the indemnitee. The master separation agreement will specify procedures with respect to claims subject to indemnification and related matters.

 

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Access to Information

 

Under the master separation agreement, the following terms govern access to information:

 

  Ÿ   before and after the closing date of the separation, subject to applicable confidentiality provisions and other restrictions, the parties will each give the other any information within that company’s possession that the requesting party reasonably needs (i) to comply with requirements imposed on the requesting party by a governmental or regulatory authority, (ii) for use in any proceeding or to satisfy audit, accounting, tax or similar requirements, or (iii) to comply with its obligations under the master separation agreement or the ancillary agreements,

 

  Ÿ   after the closing date of the separation and recapitalization transactions, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings will provide to Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group, at no charge, all financial and other data and information that Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group determines is necessary or advisable in order to prepare its financial statements and reports or filings with any governmental or regulatory authority,

 

  Ÿ   after the closing date of the separation and recapitalization transactions, the parties will each use reasonable best efforts to provide assistance to the other parties for litigation and to make available to the other parties, their directors, officers, other employees and agents as witnesses, in legal, administrative or other proceedings, and will cooperate and consult to the extent reasonably necessary with respect to any litigation,

 

  Ÿ   the company providing information, consultant or witness services under the master separation agreement will be entitled to reimbursement from the other for reasonable expenses,

 

  Ÿ   the parties will each retain all proprietary information in its possession relating to each other’s businesses for a period of time, and, if the information is to be destroyed, the destroying company will give the applicable other company the opportunity to receive the information, and

 

  Ÿ   from and after the closing date of the separation and recapitalization transactions, the parties will agree to hold in strict confidence all information concerning or belonging to any other party obtained prior to the closing date of the separation and recapitalization transactions or furnished pursuant to the master separation agreement or any ancillary agreement, subject to applicable law.

 

No Representations and Warranties

 

Pursuant to the master separation agreement, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings will acknowledge and agree that neither Lazard Ltd nor Lazard Group is representing or warranting to LAZ-MD Holdings or LFCM Holdings as to the separated businesses, the assets, liabilities and businesses included therein or the historical operations of those businesses, assets and liabilities. LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings will take all such businesses and assets “as is, where is” and bear the economic and legal risk relating to conveyance of, and title to, those assets and businesses.

 

Termination

 

The master separation agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the closing of this offering by Lazard Group.

 

Expenses

 

In general, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings, on the one hand, and Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group, on the other hand, are responsible for their own costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the master separation agreement.

 

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Lazard Group intends to reimburse Lazard Ltd for all of its ordinary course expenses incurred in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions and thereafter, including expenses incurred in operating as a public company.

 

Employee Benefits Agreement

 

We will enter into an employee benefits agreement with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings that will govern our compensation and employee benefit obligations with respect to our active and former employees. Under the employee benefits agreement, LFCM Holdings will generally assume, as of the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, all outstanding and future liabilities in respect of the current and former employees of the separated businesses. We will, however, retain all accrued liabilities under, and assets of, our pension plans in the U.S. and the U.K. and the 401(k) plan accounts of the inactive employees of LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries. As reflected in the notes to our consolidated financial statements, as of December 31, 2004, our principal U.K. pension plan had a deficit of approximately $95 million under current actuarial assumptions. This deficit would ordinarily be funded over time. We are in discussions with the trustees of that pension plan aimed at reaching agreement regarding a deficit reduction plan as well as asset allocation. In considering their duties to beneficiaries, the trustees also have the power to change the asset allocation. Any changes in the asset allocation could increase the unfunded liability that would be funded over time, depending on asset mix, any increase in liabilities and returns. It is also the case that the relevant pensions regulator in the U.K. may have the power, to require contributions to be made to plans, and to impose support in respect of the funding of plans by related companies other than the direct obligors. We anticipate that LFCM Holdings will make payments of approximately 30 million British pounds in the aggregate to Lazard Group or one of its subsidiaries to reduce the pension plan deficit. The employee benefits agreement provides that to the extent inactive employees of the LFCM businesses are participating or eligible to participate in certain of our welfare benefit plans as of the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, they will continue to be eligible to participate in such plans, with LFCM reimbursing us for the costs of any such participation.

 

The employee benefits agreement generally provides that following the date of the separation and recapitalization transactions, the employees of LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries will participate in employee benefit plans and programs of LFCM Holdings, although U.S. employees of LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries will continue to be eligible to participate in certain of our welfare plans and in our 401(k) plan for brief transition periods following the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions, with LFCM reimbursing us for the costs of any such participation. Following the transition period, we will transfer the accounts of the then-active employees of LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries to a new 401(k) plan sponsored by LFCM Holdings. The employee benefits agreement provides that the employee benefit plans of LFCM Holdings will generally give employees full credit for service to us prior to the reorganization, to the extent such service was credited under our corresponding plans.

 

Insurance Matters Agreement

 

The separated businesses are currently insured under insurance policies held within Lazard Group, which policies provide coverage to Lazard Group and its subsidiaries and affiliates for property and casualty, errors and omissions, directors and officers and certain other risks commonly insured by financial services companies. Following the separation, we intend to surrender a portion of these policies and replace them with new policies that separately cover our business and the separated businesses, respectively, or to vary or retain all or a portion of these policies which will be governed to the extent necessary by the insurance matters agreement.

 

Prior to the separation, LFCM Holdings and we intend to enter into an insurance matters agreement. Under the agreement, our former insurance policies and those insurance policies currently

 

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in effect generally will continue to provide coverage to Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group and their respective subsidiaries and will generally provide coverage to LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries only for pre-separation occurrences. After the separation, Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group and their respective subsidiaries and LFCM Holdings and its subsidiaries will separately make their own insurance arrangements.

 

The insurance matters agreement includes provisions establishing the manner in which LFCM Holdings and we will cooperate with each other in seeking insurance for our respective liabilities under policies that provide coverage to both companies. The insurance matters agreement also includes provisions concerning the allocation between LFCM Holdings and us of insurance recoveries in excess of available limits of liability. In addition, with respect to the type of coverage required as a matter of law, LFCM will obtain separate replacement policies that provide for coverage commencing after the separation date. With respect to any additional insurance policies that other similar businesses obtain in the aggregate in the ordinary course of business, LFCM Holdings will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain separate policies that provide for such coverage after the separation.

 

Lazard License Agreement

 

The logo, trademarks, trade names and service marks of Lazard are currently property of various wholly-owned subsidiaries of Lazard Group. Pursuant to the master separation agreement, Lazard Group and those subsidiaries will enter into a license agreement with LFCM Holdings that will govern the use of the Lazard and LF names by LFCM Holdings in connection with the separated businesses.

 

In general, LFCM Holdings will be permitted to use the Lazard name to the extent that the Lazard name is being used at the time of this offering by the separated businesses and will be permitted to use the LF name solely for the use of the name LFCM Holdings LLC in its capacity as a holding company for the separated businesses. LFCM Holdings’ license will not extend to any research on an issuer not already covered by the capital markets business or to any new funds (including any successor funds to funds existing at the time of this offering) established or otherwise obtained by the merchant banking business after this offering, unless LFCM Holdings receives Lazard Group’s prior consent. Under the agreement, LFCM Holdings will pay $100,000 per year for the right to license the Lazard name. The license will survive with respect to capital markets activities until the expiration or termination of the business alliance provided for in the business alliance agreement that LFCM Holdings will enter with Lazard Group. With respect to merchant banking activities, LFCM Holdings’ license will survive until the earlier of the expiration, termination or closing of the options to purchase the North American and European merchant banking business, to be granted in the business alliance agreement, as described in “—Business Alliance Agreement” or until the business alliance agreement is terminated. The license for the LF name in LFCM Holdings LLC may be terminated by either party for any reason after the license with respect to the capital markets business and the license for the merchant banking activities have both expired or been terminated. Upon termination of either the license with respect to the capital markets business or the license for the merchant banking activities, the license fee for the calendar year following the termination and each year thereafter will be $75,000 per year. If both of those licenses are terminated, the license fee for the calendar year following the termination and each year thereafter will be $25,000 per year.

 

Administrative Services Agreement

 

We intend to enter into an administrative services agreement with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings regarding administrative and support services to be provided after the completion of the separation and recapitalization transactions.

 

Pursuant to the administrative services agreement, Lazard Group will provide selected administrative and support services to LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings, such as:

 

  Ÿ   cash management and debt service administration,

 

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  Ÿ   accounting and financing activities,

 

  Ÿ   tax,

 

  Ÿ   payroll,

 

  Ÿ   human resources administration,

 

  Ÿ   financial transaction support,

 

  Ÿ   information technology,

 

  Ÿ   public communications,

 

  Ÿ   data processing,

 

  Ÿ   procurement,

 

  Ÿ   real estate management, and

 

  Ÿ   other general administrative functions.

 

Lazard Group intends to charge for the above services based on Lazard Group’s cost allocation methodology. Notwithstanding Lazard Group’s providing data processing services, Lazard Group will not provide any security administration services, as such services are being transferred to LFCM Holdings.

 

Pursuant to the administrative services agreement, Lazard Group also will be providing tax services to LAZ-MD Holdings, and LFCM Holdings will provide securities administrative services to Lazard Group.

 

The services provided by Lazard Group to LFCM Holdings, and by LFCM Holdings to Lazard Group, under the administrative services agreement generally will be provided until December 31, 2008. LFCM Holdings and Lazard Group have a right to terminate the services earlier if there is a change of control of either party or the business alliance provided in the business alliance agreement expires or is terminated. The services provided by Lazard Group to LAZ-MD Holdings will generally be provided until December 31, 2014, unless terminated earlier because of a change of control of either party.

 

In the absence of gross negligence or willful misconduct, the party receiving services under the administrative services agreement will waive any rights and claims they may have against the service provider in respect of any services provided under the administrative services agreement.

 

Business Alliance Agreement

 

Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings intend to enter into a business alliance agreement that will provide for the continuation of Lazard Group’s and LFCM Holdings’ business relationships in the areas and on the terms summarized below.

 

The business alliance agreement will provide that Lazard Group will refer to LFCM Holdings selected opportunities for underwriting and distribution of securities. In addition, Lazard Group will provide assistance in the execution of any such referred business. In exchange for this referral obligation and assistance, Lazard Group will be entitled to a referral fee from LFCM Holdings equal to approximately half of the revenue obtained by LFCM Holdings in respect of any underwriting or distribution opportunity. In addition, LFCM Holdings will refer opportunities in the Financial Advisory and Asset Management businesses to Lazard Group. In exchange for this referral, LFCM Holdings will be entitled to a customary finders’ fee from Lazard Group. In addition, the business alliance agreement further provides that, during the term of the business alliance, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC and LAM Securities will introduce execution and settlement transactions to newly-formed broker-dealer entities affiliated with LFCM Holdings. The term of the business alliance will expire on the fifth anniversary of this offering, subject to periodic automatic renewal, unless either party elects to terminate in connection with any such renewal or elects to terminate on account of a change of control of either party.

 

In addition, the business alliance agreement further provides that, during the term of the business alliance, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC and LAM Securities will introduce execution and settlement transactions to newly-formed broker-dealer entities affiliated with LFCM Holdings.

 

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In addition, the business alliance agreement to be entered into between Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings will grant Lazard Group options to acquire the North American and European merchant banking activities of Lazard Alternative Investments Holdings LLC, or “LAI,” the subsidiary of LFCM Holdings that will own and operate all of LFCM Holdings’ merchant banking activities, exercisable at any time prior to the ninth anniversary of the consummation of this offering for a total price of $10 million. The option may be exercised by Lazard Group in two parts, consisting of an $8 million option to purchase the North American merchant banking activities and a $2 million option to purchase the European merchant banking activities. LAI’s merchant banking activities initially will consist of the merchant banking management and general partner entities that were transferred to LFCM Holdings pursuant to or in anticipation of the separation. The business alliance agreement will provide that, prior to the expiration, termination, or exercise of the options, Lazard Group will have certain governance rights with respect to LAI, and LFCM Holdings will be required to support the business of LAI. In addition, Lazard Group will abide by existing obligations with respect to funds existing as of the date of this offering, and, other than with respect to the merchant banking operations retained by Lazard Group in the separation, Lazard Group will agree not to compete with the merchant banking business of LAI until the expiration, termination or exercise of the options. Lazard Group also may agree to new capital commitments and other obligations with respect to newly formed funds in its sole discretion. Lazard Group may be entitled to receive from LFCM Holdings payments from the incentive fees attributable to newly established LAI funds, such as Corporate Partners II Limited, less the share of the carry distributed to managers of such funds.

 

Pursuant to the business alliance agreement, LFCM Holdings will agree not to compete with any existing Lazard Group businesses until the latest to occur of the termination of the license agreement, the expiration, termination or exercise of the options to purchase the North American merchant banking activities and the European merchant banking activities or the expiration or termination of the business alliance.

 

Tax Receivable Agreement

 

As described in “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group—The Redemption of the Historical Partners’ Interests,” prior to and in connection with this offering, historical partner interests and preferred interests generally will be redeemed for cash. In addition, as described in “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests,” LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests may, in effect, be exchanged in the future for shares of our common stock. The redemption will, and the exchanges may, result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Lazard Group attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group that otherwise would not have been available, although the IRS may challenge all or part of that tax basis increase, and a court could sustain such a challenge by the IRS. These increases in tax basis, if sustained, may reduce the amount of tax that our subsidiaries would otherwise be required to pay in the future.

 

Our subsidiaries intend to enter into a tax receivable agreement with LFCM Holdings that will provide for the payment by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that we actually realize as a result of these increases in tax basis and of certain other tax benefits related to our entering into the tax receivable agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement. Our subsidiaries expect to benefit from the remaining 15% of cash savings, if any, in income tax that our subsidiaries realize. Any amount paid by our subsidiaries to LFCM Holdings will generally be distributed to the working members in proportion to their goodwill interests underlying the working member interests held by or allocated to such persons immediately prior to the formation of the new holding company pursuant to the separation.

 

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In order to mitigate the risk to us of an IRS challenge to the tax basis increase, 20% of each payment that would otherwise be made by our subsidiaries will be deposited into an escrow account until the expiration of the statute of limitations for the tax year to which the payment relates. In addition, if the IRS successfully challenges the tax basis increase, any subsequent payments our subsidiaries are required to make under the tax receivable agreement will be reduced accordingly. However, under no circumstances will our subsidiaries receive any reimbursements from LFCM Holdings or any of the holders of LFCM Holdings of amounts previously paid by our subsidiaries under the tax receivable agreement. As a result, under certain circumstances, our subsidiaries could make payments to LFCM Holdings under the tax receivable agreement in excess of our subsidiaries’ cash tax savings.

 

For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income and franchise tax will be computed by comparing our subsidiaries’ actual income and franchise tax liability to the amount of such taxes that our subsidiaries would have been required to pay had there been no increase in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of Lazard Group attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group as a result of the redemption and exchanges and had our subsidiaries not entered into the tax receivable agreement. The term of the tax receivable agreement will commence upon consummation of this offering and will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless our subsidiaries exercise their right to terminate the tax receivable agreement for an amount based on an agreed value of payments remaining to be made under the agreement.

 

While the actual amount and timing of any payments under this agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and the amount and timing of our subsidiaries’ income, we expect that, as a result of the size of the increases of the tangible and intangible assets of Lazard Group attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group, during the expected 24-year term of the tax receivable agreement, the payments that our subsidiaries may make to LFCM Holdings could be substantial. If the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests had been effectively exchanged in a taxable transaction for common stock at the time of the closing of this offering, the increase in the tax basis attributable to our subsidiaries’ interest in Lazard Group would have been approximately $1.7 billion, assuming an initial offering price of $26.00 per share of common stock (the midpoint of the range of initial public offering prices set forth on the cover of the prospectus for the equity public offering), including the increase in tax basis associated with the redemption and recapitalization. The cash savings that our subsidiaries would actually realize as a result of this increase in tax basis likely would be significantly less than this amount multiplied by our effective tax rate due to a number of factors, including the allocation of the increase in tax basis to foreign assets, the impact of the increase in the tax basis on our ability to use foreign tax credits and the rules relating to the amortization of intangible assets. The tax receivable agreement will require approximately 85% of such cash savings, if any, to be paid to LFCM Holdings. The actual increase in tax basis will depend, among other factors, upon the price of shares of our common stock at the time of the exchange and the extent to which such exchanges are taxable and, as a result, could differ materially from this amount. Our ability to achieve benefits from any such increase, and the payments to be made under this agreement, will depend upon a number of factors, as discussed above, including the timing and amount of our future income.

 

LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement

 

We expect that the members of LAZ-MD Holdings, consisting of the working members, including our managing directors, will enter into a stockholders’ agreement with LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Ltd in connection with the separation that addresses, among other things, LAZ-MD Holdings’ voting of its share of Class B common stock and registration rights in favor of the stockholders who are party to the agreement.

 

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The LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement will continue in effect until all LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests have been exchanged for shares of our common stock, and individual members of LAZ-MD Holdings will cease being party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement upon full exchange of his or her LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and underlying Lazard Ltd interests for our common stock. The LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement may be terminated on an earlier date by LAZ-MD Holdings members entitled to vote at least 66 2/3% of the aggregate voting power represented by the LAZ-MD Holdings members who are party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement. The LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement generally may be amended at any time by a majority of the aggregate voting power represented by LAZ-MD Holdings members who are party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement.

 

Voting Rights

 

Prior to any vote of the stockholders of Lazard Ltd, the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement requires a separate, preliminary vote of the members of LAZ-MD Holdings who are party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement (either by a meeting or by proxy or written instruction of the members of LAZ-MD Holdings) on each matter upon which a vote of the stockholders is proposed to be taken. Every working member will be offered the opportunity to become a party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement. Pursuant to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, the members of LAZ-MD Holdings will individually be entitled to direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote their proportionate interest in our Class B common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis. For example, if a working member’s LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests were exchangeable for 1,000 shares of our common stock, that working member would be able to instruct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote 1,000 of the votes represented by the Class B common stock. However, the LAZ-MD Holdings board of directors will have the ability to vote the voting interest represented by the Class B common stock in its discretion if the LAZ-MD Holdings board of directors determines that it is in the best interests of LAZ-MD Holdings.

 

The votes under the Class B common stock that are associated with any working member who does not sign the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, or with any working member who signs but does not direct LAZ-MD Holdings how to vote on a particular matter, will be abstained from voting. The terms of the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement will continue to apply to any working member party to the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement who receives Lazard Group common membership interests upon exchange of his or her LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest, until such time as that working member exchanges his or her Lazard Group common membership interests for shares of our common stock.

 

Registration Rights

 

The LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement will provide that the holders of shares of our common stock issued or to be issued upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests or the Lazard Group common membership interests initially held by LAZ-MD Holdings will be granted registration rights. These shares we refer to as “registrable securities,” and the holders of these registrable securities we refer to as “holders.” The holders will be third-party beneficiaries for that purpose under the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, meaning that they will have the right to compel us to honor those obligations under the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement.

 

The LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement will provide that, after exchange for shares of our common stock, each holder is entitled to unlimited “piggyback” registration rights, meaning that each holder can include his or her registrable securities in registration statements filed by us, subject to certain limitations. Holders also have “demand” registration rights, meaning that, subject to certain

 

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limitations, after exchange for shares of our common stock, they may require us to register the registrable securities held by them, provided that the amount of registrable securities subject to such demand has a market value in excess of $50 million or, on and after six months after the nine-year anniversary of this offering, $20 million. We will pay the costs associated with all such registrations. Moreover, we also will use our reasonable best efforts to file and make effective a registration statement on the third through the ninth anniversaries of this offering, in order to register registrable securities that were issued on those anniversaries or otherwise subject to continuing volume or transfer restrictions under Rule 144 upon the exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests and the Lazard Group common membership interests, provided that the amount of registrable securities subject to such registration constitutes at least $50 million of shares of our outstanding common stock on the date of such demand.

 

Shares of our common stock will cease to be registrable securities upon the consummation of any sale of such shares pursuant to an effective registration statement or under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or when they become eligible for sale under Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act. However, any holder who has shares that would have been registrable securities but for their eligibility for sale under Rule 144(k) and who holds, in the aggregate, an amount of registrable securities with a market value in excess of $25 million of our outstanding common stock will be entitled to continued demand and piggyback registration rights as described above.

 

Immediately following this offering, substantially all of our common stock to be issued upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will have the foregoing registration rights.

 

The Historical Partners Transaction Agreement

 

The redemption of the historical partners’ interests is governed by the Class B-1 and Class C Members Transaction Agreement, entered into on December 16, 2004, by LAZ-MD Holdings, Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd and our historical partners who are parties thereto. We refer to this document as the “historical partners transaction agreement.” Pursuant to the historical partners transaction agreement, the historical interests will be redeemed for an aggregate price of approximately $1.6 billion, in cash, except that a portion of the consideration payable to Eurazeo S.A. may be delivered in the form of Eurazeo S.A. common shares currently held by us.

 

Completion of the redemption is subject to customary conditions, including receipt of regulatory approvals, legal and other opinions and financing, as well as Lazard Group board approval. The redemption may be completed at any time of our choosing on or before December 31, 2005, but must be completed on the same day that this offering and the additional financing transactions are to close. The historical partners transaction agreement contemplates a specific plan of financing that includes this offering and the additional financing transactions, but allows us to change the financing structure so long as the new structure does not have an adverse effect on the historical partners whose interests are being redeemed.

 

In the event that the redemption has not been completed on or before June 30, 2005, accrued interest on the capital accounts in respect of historical partner interests for calendar year 2004 will be paid in cash on June 30, 2005, and Lazard Group shall receive a credit against the applicable redemption price for the cash so paid. In addition, in the event that the redemption has not been completed on or before June 30, 2005, the redemption price to be paid in respect of historical partner interests will be increased by an amount equal to the interest rate, if any, ordinarily applicable to the capital in respect of historical partner interests being redeemed for the period from July 1, 2005 to the completion date for the redemption.

 

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The historical partners transaction agreement contains a number of additional important agreements, including:

 

  Ÿ   The signing historical partners have agreed, for a period of 12 months after the closing of the redemption, not to hire or solicit any employees or officers of Lazard Group to leave such employment, and we have agreed to similar reciprocal provisions regarding the historical partners.

 

  Ÿ   For a period of 2 years after the closing of the redemption, the signing historical partners other than Eurazeo S.A. have agreed not to engage on such historical partner’s own behalf in a competitive enterprise and not to own any interest in or engage in or perform any service for any competitive enterprise, either as a partner, owner, employee, consultant, agent, officer, director, stockholder or otherwise, subject to certain exceptions. This restriction will apply to Mr. David-Weill for so long as he continues to maintain office space at Lazard Group, which he will do at least until March 31, 2007.

 

  Ÿ   The signing historical partners have agreed, for so long as the historical partners transaction agreement is in effect, not to solicit or encourage any competing transaction, as defined in the historical partners transaction agreement, which includes any transaction that could reasonably be expected to prevent, materially delay, reduce the likelihood of or otherwise materially adversely affect completion of any of the material steps of the recapitalization.

 

  Ÿ   The signing historical partners have agreed to resign, effective as of the closing of the redemption, and end their respective affiliations with Lazard Group and its affiliates, including by resigning from all positions and titles they hold in Lazard Group or any of its affiliates, and to terminate any agreements they may have with Lazard Group or any of its affiliates, in all cases subject to limited exceptions.

 

  Ÿ   The signing historical partners have agreed to release at closing Lazard Group and its affiliates and representatives from any claims arising out of (1) any member of Lazard Group (including its affairs and operations), (2) Lazard Group interests being redeemed, and any associated rights, (3) any and all aspects of the redemption and (4) if applicable, any employment, severance or bonus agreement between such historical partner and any member of Lazard Group, but excluding any such claims or causes of action arising out of any ordinary course business dealings such as provision of money management services by a member of Lazard Group to that historical partner or its affiliates and certain other specified matters. We have granted a similar release to the signing historical partners.

 

  Ÿ   We have agreed to indemnify the signing historical partners and their affiliates and representatives for any out-of-pocket liabilities incurred in their capacities as directors, employees, executives, partners, stockholders, officers or affiliates of Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings, Lazard Ltd or any of their subsidiaries to the extent such losses arise out of the redemption of this offering, the additional financing transactions or any other financing, and in their capacity as general partner of any predecessor of Lazard Group or any of its affiliates. This indemnification is subject to a number of specified exceptions.

 

  Ÿ   In the event that the transaction has not been completed by December 31, 2005, or has been earlier abandoned by Mr. Wasserstein, Mr. David-Weill and Mr. Wasserstein (and such others as they determine) shall review alternatives for Lazard Group during the ensuing three-month period.

 

The historical partners transaction agreement may be terminated before closing under the following circumstances:

 

  Ÿ   automatically if the redemption has not been completed on or prior to December 31, 2005,

 

  Ÿ   by agreement of us, Lazard Group, Mr. David-Weill and Eurazeo S.A.,

 

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  Ÿ   if the transaction has been permanently enjoined by unappealable order of a court or other legal authority,

 

  Ÿ   by either us and Lazard Group, on the one hand, or Mr. David-Weill and Eurazeo S.A., on the other, if Lazard Group delivers written notice of its intention to abandon the transaction, and

 

  Ÿ   by Mr. David-Weill if we had failed to include the disclosure specified in Section 5(n) of the historical partners transaction agreement in this prospectus or if we fail to include it in certain later offering documents, if any, and fail to cure such failing within two business days.

 

Certain Relationships with Our Directors, Executive Officers and Employees

 

Loans and Banking Relationships with Our Directors and Executive Officers

 

During 2004, our broker-dealer subsidiary engaged in transactions with our executive officers and directors in respect of brokerage services, including a brokerage account margin loan to one of our executive officers. All brokerage services in connection with these transactions were made in the ordinary course of business and on substantially the same terms as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with independent third parties, and the loan did not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other features unfavorable to us.

 

Other than as permitted under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any other applicable law, we will not enter into new loans with our executive officers or directors or modify or renew any loan with our executive officers or directors.

 

Relationships Involving Employee Directors and Executive Officers

 

Mr. Wasserstein, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, serves as the Chairman and is the majority owner of Wasserstein Holdings, LLC, the ultimate general partner of Wasserstein & Co., LP, a separate merchant banking firm in which Lazard does not hold any economic interest and at which Ellis Jones, who will serve on our board of directors, serves as Chief Executive Officer. Wasserstein & Co., LP focuses primarily on leveraged buyout investments, venture capital investments and related investment activities, and manages capital on behalf of its institutional and individual investors, including public and corporate pension funds, foreign governmental entities, endowments and foundations and high-net worth individuals. Wasserstein & Co., LP also manages capital from its partners and officers. In addition, Wasserstein Holdings, LLC has various other business interests. Since the beginning of 2005, Wasserstein & Co., LP has paid us an amount less than $1 million for advisory services rendered by us.

 

The Wasserstein funds may engage in activities that are similar to those in which we and our affiliates are engaged. If Mr. Wasserstein desires to make available any corporate opportunity of ours or our affiliates that arises from a relationship of ours or any of our affiliates (other than any relationship of Mr. Wasserstein existing on November 15, 2001), those opportunities can only be referred to the Wasserstein funds if Mr. Wasserstein first obtains the written consent of our nominating and governance committee.

 

Lazard Group entered into a letter agreement with Vernon E. Jordan, Jr., who will be a director of our company, when he joined Lazard in 1999 that was amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2004. This agreement governs Mr. Jordan’s service as a senior managing director of Lazard. Pursuant to the agreement, Mr. Jordan received total compensation in 2004 of $4 million and will be entitled to receive total compensation of no less than $3 million for each of 2005 and 2006. In each year, $500,000 of the total compensation is payable as base salary. In the event that we terminate Mr. Jordan’s services without cause or he terminates due to a breach of a material

 

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provision by us prior to the end of 2006, he will be entitled to receive the guaranteed amounts through 2006 at the times that he would have received them had he remained with us. The agreement also entitles Mr. Jordan to benefits and fringes on the same basis as other managing directors and for use on a priority basis of a corporate apartment in New York. In connection with this offering, Mr. Jordan entered into a retention agreement in the form applicable to our managing directors generally. See “Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General.”

 

Director and Officer Indemnification

 

Our bye-laws provide for indemnification of our officers and directors against all liabilities, loss, damage or expense incurred or suffered by such party as an officer or director of us, provided that such indemnification shall not extend to any matter which would render it void pursuant to the Companies Act.

 

The Companies Act provides that a Bermuda company may indemnify its directors and officers in respect of any loss arising or liability attaching to them as a result of any negligence, default or breach of trust of which they may be guilty in relation to the company in question. However, the Companies Act also provides that any provision, whether contained in the company’s bye-laws or in a contract or arrangement between the company and the director or officer, indemnifying a director or officer against any liability which would attach to him or her in respect of his or her fraud or dishonesty will be void.

 

Our directors and officers are covered by directors’ and officers’ insurance policies maintained by us.

 

Subject to limitations imposed by Bermuda law, we may enter into agreements that provide indemnification to our directors, officers and all other persons requested or authorized by our board of directors to take actions on behalf of us for all losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred by the indemnified person arising out of such person’s service in such capacity. These agreements would be in addition to our indemnification obligations under our bye-laws as described under “Description of Capital Stock.”

 

For more information on our indemnification arrangements, see “—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—Relationship Among Lazard, Lazard Group, LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings.”

 

Distributions by Lazard Group

 

After this offering Lazard Group intends to make distributions to LAZ-MD Holdings, and LAZ-MD Holdings intends to make distributions to its members, including certain of our managing directors, officers and two of our directors. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—Lazard Ownership Structure After the Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—Distributions by Lazard Group with Respect to Lazard Group Common Membership Interests.”

 

Transactions with Our Working Members

 

From time to time, Lazard Group has reallocated capital interests of its managing directors. Prior to the closing of this offering, Lazard Group will have repurchased working member interests from various current and former managing directors at prices lower than those to be paid to the historical partners for their historical partner interests pursuant to the historical partners transaction agreement. Since January 1, 2002, including in connection with this offering, Lazard Group has and will have granted additional unallocated working member interests and reallocated working member interests to current managing directors, including its named executive officers and employee directors, resulting in ownership interests as described under “Principal Stockholders.” These repurchases, reallocations and grants are accounted for as reallocations of capital on our financial statements.

 

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LAZARD GROUP FINANCE

 

Lazard Group Finance is a Delaware limited liability company and was formed with the filing of a certificate of formation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 27, 2005. The certificate of formation is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

Lazard Group Finance acts as the managing member of Lazard Group and will be the issuer of the senior notes. The indenture pursuant to which the senior notes will be issued limits the ability of Lazard Group Finance to engage in activities or transactions unrelated to these two purposes. See “Description of the Senior Notes—Limitation on Activities of Lazard Group Finance.”

 

Lazard Group Finance currently has two classes of outstanding equity interests. Each share of Class I membership interest of Lazard Group Finance entitles its holder to one vote in all matters submitted to a vote of interest holders. Class I membership interests of Lazard Group Finance are not entitled to any economic rights. Each Class II membership interest of Lazard Group Finance generally has no voting rights but does entitle its holder to a pro rata share of any distribution or dividend to interest holders. All of the outstanding Class I interests of Lazard Group Finance currently are held indirectly by Lazard Ltd and all of the outstanding Class II interests of Lazard Group Finance currently are held by Lazard Group. Accordingly, Lazard Ltd currently holds indirectly all of the voting power of Lazard Group Finance and Lazard Group holds all of the economic rights associated with Lazard Group Finance’s capital stock.

 

Lazard Group Finance has no employees and is managed by Lazard Ltd, as holder of all of the outstanding Class I interests.

 

ACCOUNTING TREATMENT

 

General

 

The proceeds from the sale of the units will be allocated between the purchase contracts and the senior notes based on the fair value of each at the date of the offering. We expect the fair value of each purchase contract to be $0.

 

We expect to recognize the present value of the quarterly purchase contract adjustment as a liability with an offsetting reduction in stockholders’ equity. There may be circumstances that would require us to record the purchase contract at fair value, with subsequent changes in fair value reported in earnings and disclosed in the financial statements. The quarterly purchase contract adjustment payments will be allocated between the liability recognized at the date of issuance and the interest expense based on a constant rate calculation over the term of the purchase contract.

 

The quarterly and, after successful remarketing, semi-annual interest payments on the senior notes will be recognized as interest expense.

 

The purchase contracts are forward transactions in shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. Upon settlement of a purchase contract, Lazard Ltd will receive $25 on that purchase contract and will issue the requisite number of shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. The $25 Lazard Ltd receives will be credited to stockholders’ equity and allocated between our common stock and additional paid-in capital.

 

Fees and expenses incurred in connection with this offering will be allocated between the senior notes and the purchase contracts. The amount allocated to the senior notes will be deferred and recognized as interest expense over the term of the senior notes. The amount allocated to the purchase contracts will be charged to stockholders’ equity.

 

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Earnings per Share

 

Before the settlement of the purchase contracts, Lazard Ltd will consider the shares of common stock to be issued under the purchase contracts in its calculation of diluted earnings per share using the treasury stock method of accounting. Under this method, Lazard Ltd will increase the number of shares of common stock used in calculating diluted earnings per share by the excess, if any, of the number of shares of common stock Lazard Ltd would be required to issue to settle the purchase contracts over the number of shares of common stock that it could purchase using the proceeds from the settlement of the purchase contracts. Lazard Ltd anticipates that there will be no dilution of its earnings per share except during the periods when the average price of shares of Lazard Ltd common stock is above $           per share.

 

Other Matters

 

Both FASB and its EITF continue to study the accounting for financial instruments and derivative instruments, including instruments such as the units. It is possible that our accounting for the purchase contracts and the senior notes could be affected by any new accounting rules that might be issued by these groups or others or in the event of any other change in any law or regulation or any accounting rule, pronouncement or interpretation. See “Description of the Senior Notes—Special Event Redemption.”

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUITY SECURITY UNITS

 

The equity security units will be issued under a purchase contract agreement that Lazard Ltd will enter into with The Bank of New York, as purchase contract agent. We are filing the form of the purchase contract agreement as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See “Where You Can Find More Information.” The following description is a summary only of material terms and conditions, is not complete and is qualified in all respects by reference to the purchase contract agreement. You should read the purchase contract agreement and the associated documents carefully to fully understand the terms of the equity security units.

 

Overview

 

Each unit will have a stated amount of $25. Each unit will consist of and represent:

 

  (1) a purchase contract pursuant to which:

 

  Ÿ   you will agree to purchase, and Lazard Ltd will agree to sell, for $25, shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock on the stock purchase date, the number of which will be determined by the settlement rate described below, based on the trading price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock during a period preceding the stock purchase date, calculated in the manner described below, and

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd will pay you contract adjustment payments on a quarterly basis at the annual rate of           % of the stated amount of $25, subject to its right to defer such payments as specified below, and

 

  (2) a 1/40, or 2.5%, ownership interest in a senior note of Lazard Group Finance, with a principal amount of $1,000, on which Lazard Group Finance will pay interest at the initial annual rate of           % until the settlement date of a successful remarketing of the senior notes and at the reset rate, which is described below, thereafter. On and prior to the stock purchase date, interest will be payable quarterly in arrears and, thereafter, semi-annually in arrears.

 

Lazard Ltd will be permitted to assign its rights and obligations under the purchase contracts, including settlement and the making of the contract adjustment payments, to any wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Ltd, but only if, and for so long as, the assignment does not adversely affect the holders of the purchase contracts. Any incremental cost, including tax, that would be imposed on or payable by a holder as a result of an assignment will be considered to be an adverse affect, except to the extent Lazard Ltd or its assignee fully compensates the holders for the cost. Notwithstanding an assignment, Lazard Ltd will remain a primary obligor under the purchase contracts and will satisfy, or cause the assignee to satisfy, the obligations under the purchase contracts.

 

You will own the ownership interests in senior notes that are a component of your units, but you will pledge them to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit to secure your obligations under the related purchase contracts. Each holder of normal units may elect at any time on or before the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date to withdraw from the pledge the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption (as described under “Description of the Senior Notes—Special Event Redemption”), the pledged treasury securities underlying the normal units by substituting, as pledged securities, specifically identified treasury securities that will pay at maturity an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes or treasury securities, as the case may be, for which substitution is being made. Upon such substitution, the pledged senior notes or pledged treasury securities, as the case may be, will be released from the pledge and delivered to the

 

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holder. The normal units would then become stripped units. Holders of stripped units may recreate normal units by re-substituting senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable specified treasury securities, for the treasury securities underlying the stripped units.

 

Lazard Ltd will enter into:

 

  Ÿ   a purchase contract agreement with The Bank of New York, as purchase contract agent, governing the appointment of the purchase contract agent as the agent and attorney-in-fact for the holders of the units, the purchase contracts, the transfer, exchange or replacement of certificates representing the units and certain other matters relating to the units, and

 

  Ÿ   a pledge agreement with The Bank of New York, as collateral agent, custodial agent and securities intermediary, creating a pledge and security interest for its benefit to secure the obligations of holders of units under the purchase contracts.

 

As a beneficial owner of the units, you will be deemed to have:

 

  Ÿ   irrevocably agreed to be bound by the terms of the purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement and your purchase contract for so long as you remain a beneficial owner of such units, and

 

  Ÿ   appointed the purchase contract agent under the purchase contract agreement as your agent and attorney-in-fact to enter into and perform the purchase contract and pledge agreement on your behalf and in your name.

 

In addition, as a beneficial owner of the units, you will be deemed by your acceptance of the units to have agreed, for all tax purposes, to treat yourself as the owner of the related interests in the senior notes or the treasury securities, as the case may be, and to treat your interest in the senior notes as Lazard Group’s indebtedness.

 

You must allocate the purchase price of each equity security unit between the purchase contract and the ownership interest in the senior note in proportion to their respective fair market values, which will establish your initial tax basis in each component of the equity security unit. We expect to report the fair market value of each purchase contract as $0 and the fair market value of each senior note as $1,000 (or $25 for each 2.5% ownership interest in a senior note included in a normal unit).

 

Creating Stripped Units and Recreating Normal Units

 

Holders of normal units will have the ability to “strip” those units and take delivery of the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities, creating stripped units, and holders of stripped units will have the ability to recreate normal units from their stripped units by depositing senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities as described in more detail below. Holders who elect to create stripped units or recreate normal units will be responsible for any related fees or expenses.

 

Creating Stripped Units

 

Each holder of normal units may create stripped units and withdraw the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities underlying the normal units by substituting, as pledged securities, the treasury securities described below in a total principal amount at maturity equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes or treasury securities, as the case may be, for which substitution is being made. Holders of normal units may create stripped units at any time on or before the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date.

 

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Because treasury securities are issued in integral multiples of $1,000, holders of normal units may make the substitution only in integral multiples of 40 normal units. However, after the occurrence of a special event redemption, the holders may make the substitution only in integral multiples of normal units such that both the treasury securities to be deposited and the treasury securities to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000. In order to create 40 stripped units, a normal unit holder must substitute, as pledged securities, zero coupon U.S. treasury securities (CUSIP No.                 ) which mature on                 , 2008 and will pay $1,000 at maturity. Upon creation of the stripped units, the treasury securities will be pledged with the collateral agent to secure your obligation to purchase the shares of common stock under your purchase contract, and the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities underlying the normal units will be released to the unit holder.

 

To create stripped units, you must:

 

  Ÿ   deposit with the collateral agent the treasury securities described above, which will be substituted for the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities underlying your normal units and pledged to the collateral agent to secure your obligation to purchase the shares of common stock under your purchase contract,

 

  Ÿ   transfer the normal units to the purchase contract agent, and

 

  Ÿ   deliver a notice to the purchase contract agent stating that you have deposited the specified treasury securities with the collateral agent and are requesting that the purchase contract agent instruct the collateral agent to release to you the pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities underlying the normal units.

 

Upon the deposit and the receipt of an instruction from the purchase contract agent, the collateral agent will effect the release to the purchase contract agent of the underlying pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities from the pledge under the pledge agreement free and clear of Lazard Ltd’s security interest. The purchase contract agent will:

 

  Ÿ   cancel the related normal units,

 

  Ÿ   transfer to you the underlying pledged senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the pledged treasury securities, and

 

  Ÿ   deliver to you the stripped units.

 

Any senior notes or treasury securities, as the case may be, released to you will be tradable separately from the resulting stripped units. Interest on the senior notes will continue to be payable in accordance with their terms.

 

Recreating Normal Units

 

Each holder of stripped units may recreate normal units by substituting, as pledged securities, senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities then constituting a part of the normal units for the treasury securities underlying the stripped units. Holders may recreate normal units at any time on or before the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date.

 

Upon recreation of normal units, the senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities will be pledged with the collateral agent to secure the holder’s obligation

 

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to purchase shares of common stock under the purchase contract, and the treasury securities underlying the stripped units will be released to the unit holder. Because treasury securities are issued in integral multiples of $1,000, holders of stripped units may make the substitution only in integral multiples of 40 stripped units. If, however, treasury securities have replaced the senior notes as a component of the normal units as the result of a special event redemption, holders of the stripped units may make this substitution at any time on or prior to the second business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date, but using the applicable treasury securities instead of senior notes and only in integral multiples of stripped units such that both the treasury securities to be deposited and the treasury securities to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000.

 

To recreate normal units from stripped units, you must:

 

  Ÿ   deposit with the collateral agent:

 

    if the substitution occurs prior to the occurrence of a special event redemption, senior notes having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate stated amount of your stripped units, or

 

    if the substitution occurs after the occurrence of a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities then constituting a part of the normal units,

 

  Ÿ   transfer the stripped units to the purchase contract agent, and

 

  Ÿ   deliver a notice to the purchase contract agent stating that you have deposited the senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities with the collateral agent and are requesting that the purchase contract agent instruct the collateral agent to release to you the pledged treasury securities underlying those stripped units.

 

The senior notes or, after a special event redemption, the applicable treasury securities will be substituted for the pledged treasury securities underlying your stripped units and will be pledged with the collateral agent to secure your obligation to purchase shares of common stock under your purchase contract.

 

Upon the deposit and receipt of an instruction from the purchase contract agent, the collateral agent will effect the release to the purchase contract agent of the underlying pledged treasury securities from the pledge under the pledge agreement free and clear of Lazard Ltd’s security interest. The purchase contract agent will:

 

  Ÿ   cancel the related stripped units,

 

  Ÿ   transfer to you the underlying treasury securities, and

 

  Ÿ   deliver to you the normal units.

 

Current Payments

 

If you hold normal units, you will receive payments consisting of:

 

  Ÿ   quarterly contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts payable by Lazard Ltd at the annual rate of           % of the $25 stated amount through and including the stock purchase date, and

 

  Ÿ   quarterly interest payments on the senior notes pledged in respect of your normal units at the annual rate of           % of the principal amount until a successful remarketing of the senior notes.

 

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If you hold stripped units and do not separately hold senior notes, or if you hold normal units but the pledged senior notes have been prepaid in full as described under “—What is an Event of Default—Remedies if an Event of Default Occurs,” you will receive only quarterly contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts payable by Lazard Ltd at the annual rate of           % of the $25 stated amount through and including the stock purchase date. However, you will be required for U.S. federal income tax purposes to recognize original issue discount on the pledged treasury securities on a constant yield basis or acquisition discount on the treasury securities when it is paid or accrues generally in accordance with your regular method of tax accounting.

 

The contract adjustment payments are subject to deferral by Lazard Ltd until no later than the stock purchase date as described below.

 

Lazard Ltd is a holding company with no operations of its own. Lazard Ltd’s ability to pay its obligations under the purchase contracts is dependent upon its ability to obtain cash dividends or other cash payments or loans from its subsidiaries. Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and will have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay any dividends or make any other distributions to Lazard Ltd. Various financing arrangements, charter provisions and regulatory requirements may impose certain restrictions on the abilities of Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries to transfer funds to Lazard Ltd in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances. In addition, because Lazard Ltd is a holding company, except to the extent that Lazard Ltd has priority or equal claims against its subsidiaries as a creditor, Lazard Ltd’s obligations under the purchase contracts will be effectively subordinated to the debt and other obligations of its subsidiaries because, as the stockholder of subsidiaries, Lazard Ltd will be subject to the prior claims of creditors of its subsidiaries.

 

If you hold senior notes separately from the units and do not separately hold stripped units, you will receive only the interest payable on the senior notes. The senior notes, whether held separately from or as part of the units, will pay interest at the initial annual rate of           % of the principal amount of $1,000 per senior note until the settlement date of a successful remarketing. If there is a successful remarketing of the senior notes, the rate of interest payable from the settlement date of the successful remarketing until their maturity will be the reset rate, which will be a rate established by the remarketing agent that meets the requirements described under “—Remarketing.” However, if a reset rate meeting the requirements described in this prospectus cannot be established on a remarketing date, the interest rate will not be reset on such date and will continue to be the initial annual rate of           %, until a reset rate meeting the requirements described in this prospectus can be established on a later date no later than the third business day prior to the stock purchase date.

 

Contract adjustment payments and interest payments on the senior notes payable for any period will be computed (1) for any full quarterly period on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and (2) for any period shorter than a full quarterly period, on the basis of a 30-day month and, for periods of less than a month, on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed per 30-day month. Contract adjustment payments and interest on the senior notes will accrue from the date of original issuance and will be payable quarterly in arrears on                 ,                 ,                  and                  of each year, commencing on                 , 2005; provided, however, that following the stock purchase date, interest on the senior notes shall be payable semi-annually in arrears on                  and                  of each year. Contract adjustment payments shall cease accruing on the stock purchase date. However, if the purchase contracts are settled early, at your option, or terminated (upon the occurrence of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization with respect to Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance) the right to receive contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments also will terminate.

 

Contract adjustment payments and interest payments on the senior notes will be payable to the holders of units as they are registered on the books and records of the purchase contract agent on the

 

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relevant record dates (or other applicable registrar in the event the applicable purchase contract has been settled or in the event a stripped unit has been created). The relevant record dates will be the fifteenth calendar day prior to the relevant payment dates. Contract adjustment payments will be paid through the purchase contract agent, which will hold amounts received in respect of the contract adjustment payments for the benefit of the holders of the purchase contracts that are a part of such units. Subject to any applicable laws and regulations, each interest payment on the senior notes will be made as described in “Global Clearance and Settlement” below. If any date on which these payments and distributions are to be made is not a business day, then amounts payable on that date will be made on the next day that is a business day (and so long as the payment is made on the next business day, without any interest or other payment on account of any such delay). However, if such business day is in the next calendar year, payment will be made on the prior business day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on the payment date.

 

Option to Defer Contract Adjustment Payments

 

Lazard Ltd may, at its option and upon prior written notice to the holders of the units and the purchase contract agent, defer payment of all or part of the contract adjustment payments on the related purchase contracts forming a part of normal units and stripped units until no later than the stock purchase date. However, deferred contract adjustment payments will accrue additional contract adjustment payments at the rate of           % per year (compounding on each succeeding payment date) until paid. If you elect to settle your purchase contracts early, or the purchase contracts are terminated upon the occurrence of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization with respect to Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, your right to receive contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments also will terminate and, except in the case of a merger early settlement, you will not receive any accrued and unpaid contract adjustment payments.

 

In the event that Lazard Ltd elects to defer the payment of contract adjustment payments on the purchase contracts until the stock purchase date, each holder of normal units and stripped units will receive on the stock purchase date in respect of the deferred contract adjustment payments, in lieu of a cash payment, a number of shares of common stock equal to the sum of the “share amounts” calculated for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008. For each of such 20 trading days, the share amount shall be equal to (a) the aggregate amount of deferred contract adjustment payments payable to the holder divided by (b) the product of 20 multiplied by the closing price of the common stock for the respective trading day.

 

Lazard Ltd will not issue any fractional shares of common stock with respect to the payment of deferred contract adjustment payments on the stock purchase date. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise issuable with respect to such payment of deferred contract adjustment payments, the holder will be entitled to receive an amount in cash equal to the fraction of a share of common stock, based on the closing price of the common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the stock purchase date.

 

In the event Lazard Ltd exercises its option to defer the payment of contract adjustment payments, then until the deferred contract adjustment payments have been paid, it will not declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of Lazard Ltd’s capital stock other than:

 

  Ÿ   repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of shares of its capital stock in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of employees, officers, directors or agents or a share purchase or dividend reinvestment plan, or the satisfaction by Lazard Ltd of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event,

 

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  Ÿ   as a result of a reclassification of capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of its capital stock for another class or series of its capital stock,

 

  Ÿ   the purchase of fractional interests in shares of its capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of the capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged,

 

  Ÿ   dividends or distributions in its capital stock (or rights to acquire its capital stock), or repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of its capital stock in connection with the issuance or exchange of its capital stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of its capital stock), or

 

  Ÿ   redemptions, exchanges or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a stockholder rights plan or the declaration or payment thereunder of a dividend or distribution of or with respect to rights in the future.

 

Lazard Ltd’s subsidiaries will not be restricted from making any similar payments on their capital stock if Lazard Ltd exercises its option to defer payments of any contract adjustment payments.

 

Description of the Purchase Contracts

 

Each purchase contract underlying a unit, unless earlier terminated or earlier settled at your option or upon a cash merger and other transactions described below, will obligate you to purchase, and Lazard Ltd to sell, for $25, on the stock purchase date a number of newly issued shares of common stock equal to the settlement rate. The settlement rate is an amount equal to the sum of the “daily amounts” calculated for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008.

 

The daily amount for each of the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008 is equal to, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances as described under “—Anti-dilution Adjustments” below:

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is less than or equal to the reference price, a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/reference price,

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is greater than the reference price but less than the threshold appreciation price, a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/closing price,

 

and

 

  Ÿ   for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for Lazard Ltd’s common stock is greater than or equal to the threshold appreciation price, a fraction of a share of Lazard Ltd’s common stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/threshold appreciation price.

 

As a result, on the stock purchase date you will receive a total of between            of one share and one share of our common stock for each purchase contract you own. We refer to the number of shares of common stock per purchase contract specified in each of the three classes above as the share components.

 

For purposes of determining the settlement rate, the closing price of the common stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price or, if no closing sale price is reported, the last

 

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reported sale price of the common stock on the NYSE on that date. If our common stock is not listed for trading on the NYSE on any date, the closing price of the common stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price as reported in the composite transactions for the principal U.S. securities exchange on which our common stock is listed, or if our common stock is not so listed on a U.S. securities exchange, as reported by the Nasdaq stock market, or, if our common stock is not so reported, the last quoted bid price for our common stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if that bid price is not available, the market value of our common stock on that date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained by Lazard for this purpose.

 

A trading day is a day on which our common stock (1) is not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (2) have traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the common stock by the close of business on such day. If 20 trading days for our common stock have not occurred during the period beginning on                 , 2008 and ending on                 , 2008 (1) all remaining trading days will be deemed to occur on                 , 2008 (or the first trading day thereafter if such day is not a trading day) and (2) the closing price for each of the remaining trading days will be the closing price on                 , 2008.

 

Settlement

 

Settlement of the purchase contracts will occur on the stock purchase date, unless:

 

  Ÿ   you have settled the related purchase contract prior to the stock purchase date through the delivery of cash to the purchase contract agent in the manner described in “—Early Settlement,”

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd is involved in a merger, amalgamation, acquisition or consolidation prior to the stock purchase date in which at least 30% of the consideration for the common stock consists of cash or cash equivalents, and you have settled the related purchase contract through an early settlement as described in “—Early Settlement upon Cash Merger,” or

 

  Ÿ   an event described under “—Termination of Purchase Contracts” below has occurred.

 

The settlement of the purchase contracts on the stock purchase date will occur as follows:

 

  Ÿ   in the case of normal units where there has been a successful remarketing, a portion of proceeds from the remarketing equal to the principal amount of the senior notes remarketed automatically will be applied to satisfy in full the holders’ obligation to purchase shares of our common stock under the related purchase contracts,

 

  Ÿ   for the stripped units or normal units that include pledged treasury securities, the cash payments on the treasury securities automatically will be applied to satisfy in full your obligation to purchase the shares of common stock under the purchase contracts,

 

  Ÿ   for normal units, subject to certain provisions set forth below in “—Notice to Settle with Cash,” you may deliver cash on the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date, and

 

  Ÿ   for the normal units in which the related senior notes remain a part of the normal units because of a failed remarketing, Lazard Ltd will exercise its rights as a secured party to dispose of the senior notes in accordance with applicable law in order to satisfy in full your obligation to purchase shares of common stock under the purchase contracts.

 

In any such event, the shares of common stock will then be issued and delivered to you or your designee, upon payment of the applicable consideration, presentation and surrender of the certificate

 

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evidencing the units, if the units are held in certificated form, and payment by you of any transfer or similar taxes payable in connection with the issuance of the shares of common stock to any person other than you.

 

Prior to the date on which the shares of common stock are issued in settlement of the purchase contracts, the shares of common stock underlying the related purchase contracts will not be deemed to be outstanding for any purpose and you will have no rights with respect to the shares of common stock, including voting rights, rights to respond to tender offers and rights to receive any dividends or other distributions on the shares of common stock, by virtue of holding the purchase contracts.

 

No fractional shares of common stock will be issued by Lazard Ltd pursuant to the purchase contracts. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise issuable, you will be entitled to receive an amount in cash equal to the fraction of a share of common stock, calculated on an aggregate basis in respect of the purchase contracts you are settling, multiplied by the closing price of the common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the stock purchase date.

 

Remarketing

 

The senior notes held by each holder of normal units will be remarketed in a remarketing, unless the holder opts out of participation in the remarketing. In the event of a successful remarketing, the proceeds of such remarketing will be used to settle directly the purchase contracts on the stock purchase date.

 

Unless a holder of normal units delivers the requisite amount of cash and opts out of participation in the remarketing, as described below, the senior notes that are included in the normal units will be remarketed on the remarketing date. The remarketing period will be the seven business day period beginning on the ninth business day prior to the stock purchase date and ending on the third business day prior to the stock purchase date. We anticipate that the settlement date of any successful remarketing will be on or before                 , 2008.

 

Upon a remarketing of the senior notes, the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the Lazard Group notes also will be reset on the same terms such that the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on the Lazard Group notes mirror the senior notes.

 

Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance will enter into a remarketing agreement with a nationally recognized investment banking firm, pursuant to which that firm will agree, as remarketing agent, to use reasonable best efforts to remarket the senior notes that are included in normal units (or separately held senior notes) that are participating in the remarketing, at a price per senior note that will result in net cash proceeds equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes.

 

Prior to any remarketing, Lazard Group Finance and Lazard Ltd plan to file and obtain effectiveness of a registration statement with respect to the remarketing if so required under the U.S. federal securities laws at the time.

 

The remarketing agent will deduct as a remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the total proceeds from such remarketing. Such proceeds, less the remarketing fee, will be paid in direct settlement of the obligations of the holders of normal units to purchase shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock. The remarketing agent will remit the remaining portion of the proceeds, if any, for payment to the holders of the normal units participating in the remarketing. The proceeds of the remarketing of senior notes not held as part of normal units, less the remarketing fee, will be paid to the holders of such senior notes participating in the remarketing.

 

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Alternatively, a holder of normal units may elect not to participate in the remarketing and, instead, retain the senior notes underlying those normal units by delivering, in respect of each senior note to be retained, cash in the amount of $25 for each purchase contract, to the purchase contract agent on or prior to the thirteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date, and such cash will be used in settlement of the obligations of such non-participating holder under the related purchase contracts. If a holder of senior notes does not participate in the remarketing, the interest rate, payment dates and maturity date on such senior notes nevertheless will be reset if the remarketing is successful.

 

The purchase contract agent will give holders of normal units and separate senior notes notice of the remarketing, which we refer to in this prospectus as the “remarketing notice,” including the amount of cash that must be delivered by holders that elect not to participate in the remarketing, on or prior to the sixteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date. A holder electing not to participate in the remarketing must notify the purchase contract agent of such election and deliver the requisite amount of cash to the purchase contract agent in accordance with the procedures set forth in the remarketing notice. A holder that notifies the purchase contract agent of such election but does not so deliver the requisite amount of cash or a holder that does not notify the purchase contract agent of its intention to make a cash settlement as described in “—Notice to Settle with Cash” below and, in either case, does not otherwise opt out of participation in the remarketing will be deemed to have elected to participate in the remarketing.

 

In order to facilitate the remarketing of the senior notes at the principal amount of the senior notes described above, the remarketing agent will reset the rate of interest on the senior notes, effective from the settlement date of a successful remarketing until their maturity. The reset rate will be the rate sufficient to cause the then-current market value of each senior note to be equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes. If the remarketing agent cannot establish a reset rate meeting such requirements on the ninth business day preceding the stock purchase date and, therefore, cannot remarket the senior notes participating in the remarketing at a price per senior note equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes, the remarketing agent will attempt to establish a reset rate meeting these requirements on each of the six immediately following business days. Any such remarketing will be at a price per senior note equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes on the subsequent remarketing date. The maturity date of the senior notes will be the stock purchase date in the event that the remarketing agent fails to remarket the senior notes participating in the remarketing by the end of the third business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date. On such maturity date, the principal amount of, and any accrued and unpaid interest on, such senior notes shall be due and payable to holders of the senior notes. The proceeds from the repayment of the principal amount of the senior notes that form part of the normal units will be used by the collateral agent to settle the respective stock purchase contracts on the stock purchase date. If there is a failed remarketing, the maturity date of the Lazard Group notes also will be the stock purchase date. If Lazard Group Finance does not satisfy its obligation to pay the principal amount of the applicable senior notes on the stock purchase date because Lazard Group has not repaid the principal amount of the Lazard Group notes, then the collateral agent will retain such senior notes as collateral and deliver the senior notes to Lazard Ltd, which will exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to the senior notes and, subject to applicable law, may retain the pledged senior notes or sell them in one or more public or private sales to satisfy in full such holder’s obligation to purchase shares of common stock under the related purchase contracts.

 

In the event of a successful remarketing, the maturity date of the senior notes will be, as we may elect, in our sole discretion, on any date no earlier than                 , 2010 and no later than                 , 2035.

 

The obligation of a holder of purchase contracts to pay the purchase price for the shares of common stock under the underlying purchase contracts on the stock purchase date is a non-recourse

 

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obligation payable solely out of the proceeds of the senior notes or treasury securities pledged as collateral to secure the purchase obligation. A holder of a stripped unit who receives any payments of principal on account of any pledged treasury securities will be obligated to deliver such payments to us for application to its obligation under the related purchase contracts. In no event will a holder of a purchase contract be liable for any deficiency between such proceeds and the purchase price for the shares of our common stock under the purchase contract.

 

In the event of a failed remarketing, we will cause a notice of failed remarketing to be published by 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the day following such failed remarketing. We also will release this information by means of Bloomberg and Reuters (or a successor or equivalent) newswire.

 

Optional Remarketing

 

On or prior to the fourth business day immediately preceding the first day of the remarketing period, but no earlier than the sixteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date, holders of senior notes that are not included as part of normal units may elect to have their senior notes included in the remarketing by delivering their senior notes along with a notice of this election to the collateral agent. The collateral agent will hold these senior notes in an account separate from the collateral account in which the securities pledged to secure the holders’ obligations under the purchase contracts will be held. Holders of senior notes electing to have their senior notes remarketed also will have the right to withdraw that election on or prior to the fourth business day immediately preceding the first day of the remarketing period.

 

The remarketing agent will use reasonable best efforts to remarket the separately held senior notes included in the remarketing on the remarketing date at a price per senior note equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the senior notes. After deducting as a remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the total proceeds from such remarketing, the remarketing agent will remit to the collateral agent the remaining portion of the proceeds for payment to such participating holders.

 

Early Settlement

 

At any time not later than 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth business day prior to                 , 2008, a holder of units may settle the related purchase contracts by delivering to the purchase contract agent immediately available funds in an amount equal to $25 multiplied by the number of purchase contracts being settled, plus, if Lazard Ltd has not elected to defer the contract adjustment payments and such delivery is made during the period from the close of business on any record date next preceding any payment date to the opening of business on such payment date, an amount equal to the contract adjustment payments payable, if any, on such payment date on such settled purchase contracts, provided that, at such time, if so required under the U.S. federal securities laws, there is in effect a registration statement covering the shares of common stock to be delivered in respect of the purchase contracts being settled (subject to customary blackout periods). If such registration is required, Lazard Ltd will use its reasonable best efforts to file and obtain effectiveness of such registration statement. Holders may settle the related purchase contracts early only in integral multiples of 40.

 

No later than the third business day after an early settlement, Lazard Ltd will issue and deliver, and the holder will be entitled to receive,            shares of common stock for each unit early settled, regardless of the market price of the shares of common stock on the date of early settlement, subject to adjustment under the circumstances described under “—Anti-dilution Adjustments” below. At that time, the holder’s right to receive contract adjustment payments and any deferred contract adjustment payments will terminate. The holder also will receive ownership interests in the senior notes or treasury securities underlying those units.

 

Notice to Settle with Cash

 

Unless treasury securities have replaced the ownership interests in the senior notes as a component of normal units as a result of a special event redemption or the purchase contract has been

 

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settled early or otherwise terminated, a holder of normal units may settle the related purchase contract with cash prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date. A holder of a normal unit wishing to settle the related purchase contract with cash must notify the purchase contract agent by presenting and surrendering the normal unit certificate evidencing the normal unit at the offices of the purchase contract agent with the form of “Notice to Settle by Separate Cash” on the reverse side of the certificate completed and executed as indicated on or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date. If a holder fails to deliver the requisite amount of cash to the collateral agent prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth business day immediately preceding the stock purchase date, such holder will be deemed to have elected to participate in the remarketing and, if the remarketing fails, directed us to retain the related ownership interests in the senior note in full satisfaction of the holder’s obligation to purchase common stock under the related purchase contract.

 

Early Settlement upon Cash Merger

 

Prior to the stock purchase date, if Lazard Ltd is involved in a merger, amalgamation, acquisition or consolidation (other than with one of its subsidiaries) in which at least 30% of the consideration for its common stock consists of cash or cash equivalents, which we refer to in this prospectus as “cash merger,” then on or after the date of the cash merger each holder of the units will have the right to accelerate and settle the related purchase contract at the settlement rate in effect immediately before the date of consummation of the cash merger. For purposes of calculating the applicable settlement rate, the daily amounts will be calculated on each of the 20 consecutive trading days ending on the fifth trading day immediately preceding the date of the cash merger. This right is referred to in this prospectus as the “merger early settlement right.” Lazard Ltd will provide each of the holders with a notice of the completion of a cash merger within five business days thereof. The notice will specify a date, which shall be not less than 20 nor more than 30 calendar days after the date of the notice, on which the merger early settlement will occur and a date by which each holder’s merger early settlement right must be exercised. The notice will set forth, among other things, the applicable settlement rate and the amount of the cash, securities and other consideration receivable by the holder upon settlement. To exercise the merger early settlement right, you must deliver to the purchase contract agent, on or before 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the day specified in the notice, the certificate evidencing your units, if the units are held in certificated form, and payment of the applicable purchase price in the form of a certified or cashier’s check. If you exercise the merger early settlement right, Lazard Ltd will deliver to you on the date specified in the notice as the merger early settlement date the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that you would have been entitled to receive if the purchase contract had been settled immediately before the cash merger at the settlement rate in effect at such time. You also will receive the senior notes or treasury securities underlying those units. If you do not elect to exercise your merger early settlement right, your units will remain outstanding and continue to be subject to normal settlement on the stock purchase date.

 

Anti-dilution Adjustments

 

The daily amounts used in determining the settlement rate and the number of shares of common stock to be delivered upon an early settlement will be subject to adjustment (by adjusting the share components), without duplication, under the following circumstances:

 

  (1) Stock dividends in common stock: The payment of a dividend or other distributions on the common stock to all holders of our common stock exclusively in shares of common stock.

 

  (2)

Issuance of rights or warrants: The issuance to all or substantially all holders of common stock of rights, options or warrants, other than pursuant to any dividend reinvestment, share purchase or similar plans, entitling them to subscribe for or purchase the shares of common stock for a period expiring within 60 days from the date of issuance of the rights or warrants

 

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at less than the current market price (as defined below), provided that no adjustment will be made if holders of units may participate in the transaction on a basis and with notice that our board of directors determines to be fair and appropriate. To the extent that such rights or warrants are not exercised prior to their expiration (and as a result no additional shares of common stock are delivered or issued pursuant to such rights or warrants), the share components shall be readjusted to the share components that would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of delivery or issuance of only the number of shares of common stock actually delivered or issued.

 

  (3) Stock splits or recombinations: Subdivisions, splits and recombinations of common stock.

 

  (4) Distributions of indebtedness, securities or assets: Distributions to all or substantially all holders of our common stock of evidences of indebtedness, shares of capital stock, securities, cash or other assets (excluding any dividend or distribution covered by clause (1) or (2) above or clause (6) below), provided that no adjustment will be made if all holders of the equity security units issued in this offering may participate in the transaction.

 

  (5) Tender or exchange offers: The successful completion of a tender or exchange offer made by Lazard Ltd or one of its subsidiaries for shares of common stock that involves an aggregate consideration that, when combined with (a) any cash and the fair market value of other consideration payable in respect of any other tender or exchange offer (other than consideration payable in respect of any odd-lot tender offer) by Lazard Ltd or one of its subsidiaries for its shares of common stock concluded within the preceding 12 months and (b) the aggregate amount of any all-cash distributions (other than regular quarterly, semi-annual or annual cash dividends and dividends and distributions described in clause (6) below) to all holders of shares of common stock made within the preceding 12 months, exceeds 10% of Lazard Ltd’s aggregate market capitalization on the date of expiration of such tender or exchange offer.

 

  (6) Cash dividends or distributions: Regular quarterly, semi-annual or annual cash dividends or any other distributions by Lazard Ltd consisting exclusively of cash to all holders of Lazard Ltd’s common stock, excluding any regular cash dividend on common stock to the extent that the aggregate cash dividend per ordinary share in any quarter does not exceed $0.09 (which we refer to in this prospectus as the “dividend threshold amount;” the dividend threshold amount is subject to adjustment in the same proportion as the daily amounts for any adjustment made to the daily amounts pursuant to clause (1) or clause (3)).

 

The daily amounts used in determining the settlement rate will not be adjusted:

 

  Ÿ   upon the issuance of any shares of common stock pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of Lazard Ltd and the investment of additional optional amounts in common shares under any plan,

 

  Ÿ   upon the issuance of any shares of common stock or options or rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program of or assumed by Lazard Ltd or any of its subsidiaries, or

 

  Ÿ   upon the issuance of any shares of common stock pursuant to any option, warrant, right or exercisable, exchangeable, or convertible security outstanding as of the date the units were first issued.

 

Except as specifically described above, the daily amounts and the number of shares to be delivered on early settlement will not be subject to adjustment in the case of the issuance of any

 

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shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock, the issuance of rights, the distribution of separate certificates representing rights, the exercise of redemption of rights or the termination or invalidations of any rights in each case pursuant to a rights plan of Lazard.

 

Solely as used above, the “current market price” per share of common stock on any day means the average of the closing price per share of common stock on each of the 20 consecutive trading days ending on the earlier of the day in question and the day before the “ex date” with respect to the issuance or distribution requiring such computation. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “ex date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, means the first date on which the shares of common stock trade without the right to receive the issuance or distribution.

 

In the case of reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, amalgamations, sales or transfers of assets or other transactions that cause the common stock to be converted into the right to receive other securities, cash or property, each purchase contract then outstanding would, without the consent of the holders of units, become a contract to purchase only the kind and amount of such securities, cash or property instead of common stock. In such event, on the stock purchase date the settlement rate then in effect will be applied to the value on the stock purchase date of the securities, cash or property a holder would have received if it had held the shares covered by the purchase contract when the applicable transaction occurred. Holders have the right to settle their obligations under the purchase contracts early in the event of certain cash mergers as described under “—Early Settlement upon Cash Merger.”

 

If an event requiring an adjustment occurs on any day during the 20 trading days beginning on                 , 2008, the daily amount calculated for each trading day in this period before the event requiring an adjustment occurs will be adjusted in the same manner as the adjustment to the share components for each trading day in this period on or after the event requiring an adjustment occurs pursuant to the procedures described above.

 

Adjustments to the settlement rate will be calculated to the nearest 1/10,000 of a share. No adjustment in the settlement rate will be required unless the adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the settlement rate. If an adjustment is not required to be made because it would not increase or decrease the settlement rate by at least 1%, then the adjustment will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. However, all such adjustments (even if less than 1%) will apply on the stock purchase date.

 

Lazard Ltd will be required, as soon as practicable following the occurrence of an event that requires or permits an adjustment in the settlement rate, to provide written notice to the purchase contract agent of the occurrence of that event. Lazard Ltd also will be required to deliver a statement setting forth in reasonable detail the method by which the adjustment to the settlement rate was determined and setting forth the revised settlement rate.

 

Each adjustment to the settlement rate will result in a corresponding adjustment to the number of shares of common stock issuable upon early settlement of a purchase contract.

 

Pledged Securities and Pledge Agreement

 

The ownership interests in the senior notes or treasury securities underlying the units will be pledged to the collateral agent for Lazard Ltd’s benefit. Under the pledge agreement, the pledged securities will secure the obligations of holders of units to purchase shares of common stock under the related purchase contracts. A holder of a unit cannot separate or separately transfer the purchase contract from the pledged securities underlying the unit. Your rights to the pledged securities will be

 

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subject to the security interest created by the pledge agreement. You will not be permitted to withdraw the pledged securities related to the units from the pledge arrangement except:

 

  Ÿ   to substitute specified treasury securities for the related pledged ownership interests in the senior notes or other pledged treasury securities in order to create a stripped unit,

 

  Ÿ   to substitute ownership interests in the senior notes or specified treasury securities for the related pledged treasury securities upon the recreation of a normal unit,

 

  Ÿ   upon delivering the requisite amount of cash when electing not to participate in a remarketing, or

 

  Ÿ   upon the termination or early settlement of the purchase contracts.

 

Subject to Lazard Ltd’s security interest and the terms of the purchase contract agreement and the pledge agreement:

 

  Ÿ   each holder of normal units that include ownership interests in the senior notes will retain ownership of the interests in the senior notes and will be entitled through the purchase contract agent and the collateral agent to all of the rights of a holder of ownership interests in the senior notes, including interest payments, voting, redemption and repayment rights, and

 

  Ÿ   each holder of units that include treasury securities will retain ownership of the treasury securities.

 

Lazard Ltd will have no interest in the pledged securities other than its security interest.

 

Quarterly Payments on Pledged Securities

 

The collateral agent, upon receipt of quarterly payments on the pledged securities underlying the normal units, will distribute those payments to the purchase contract agent, which will, in turn, distribute such amount to persons who were the holders of normal units on the record date for the payment.

 

Termination of Purchase Contracts

 

The purchase contracts, Lazard Ltd’s related rights and obligations and those of the holders of the units, including their rights to receive contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments and obligations to purchase shares of common stock, automatically will terminate in accordance with their terms upon the occurrence of particular events of bankruptcy, insolvency reorganization of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance.

 

Upon such a termination of the purchase contracts, the collateral agent will release the securities held by it to the purchase contract agent for distribution to the holders. If a holder would otherwise have been entitled to receive less than $1,000 principal amount at maturity of any treasury security upon termination of the purchase contract, the purchase contract agent will dispose of the security for cash and pay the cash to the holder. Upon termination, however, the release and distribution may be subject to a delay. If Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance becomes the subject of a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, a delay in the release of the pledged ownership interests in the senior notes or treasury securities may occur as a result of the imposition of an automatic stay under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code and continue until the automatic stay has been lifted. The automatic stay will not be lifted until such time as the bankruptcy judge agrees to lift it and allow your collateral to be returned to you. Similarly, if Lazard Ltd becomes the subject of winding up proceedings under the Companies Act, a delay may result from the automatic stay of proceedings against Lazard Ltd and may continue until the court decides to lift the stay.

 

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The Purchase Contract Agreement

 

Distributions on the units will be payable, purchase contracts will be settled and transfers of the units will be remittable at the office of the purchase contract agent in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. In addition, if the units do not remain in book-entry only form, payment of distributions on the units may be made, at our option, by check mailed to the address of the persons shown on the unit register on the record date for such payment.

 

If any quarterly payment date or the stock purchase date is not a business day, then any payment or settlement required to be made on that date will be made on the next business day (and so long as the payment is made on the next day that is a business day, without any interest or other payment on account of any such delay), except that, in the case of a quarterly payment date only, if the next business day is in the next calendar year, the payment will be made on the prior business day with the same force and effect as if made on the payment date.

 

If your units are held in certificated form and you fail to surrender the certificate evidencing your units to the purchase contract agent on the stock purchase date, the shares of common stock issuable in settlement of the related purchase contracts will be registered in the name of the purchase contract agent. These shares, together with any distributions on them, will be held by the purchase contract agent as agent for your benefit, until the certificate is presented and surrendered or you provide satisfactory evidence that the certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the purchase contract agent and us.

 

If your units are held in certificated form and (1) the purchase contracts have terminated prior to the stock purchase date, (2) the related pledged securities have been transferred to the purchase contract agent for distribution to the holders and (3) you fail to surrender the certificate evidencing your units to the purchase contract agent, the pledged securities that would otherwise be delivered to you and any related payments will be held by the purchase contract agent as agent for your benefit, until you present and surrender the certificate or provide the evidence and indemnity described above.

 

The purchase contract agent will not be required to invest or to pay interest on any amounts held by it before distribution.

 

No service charge will be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of the units, except for any applicable tax or other governmental charge.

 

Modification

 

The purchase contract agreement and the pledge agreement will contain provisions permitting Lazard Ltd and the purchase contract agent and, in the case of the pledge agreement, the collateral agent, to modify the purchase contract agreement or the pledge agreement without the consent of the holders for, among other things, the following purposes:

 

  Ÿ   to evidence the succession of another person to Lazard Ltd’s obligations,

 

  Ÿ   to add to the covenants for the benefit of holders or to surrender any of Lazard Ltd’s rights or powers under those agreements so long as such covenants or such surrender do not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created under the pledge agreement,

 

  Ÿ   to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment of a successor purchase contract agent or a successor collateral agent, custodial agent or securities intermediary, or

 

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  Ÿ   to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions that may be inconsistent, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions, provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interest of the holders.

 

The purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement and the purchase contracts may be amended or modified with the consent of the holders of a majority of the units at the time outstanding. However, no modification or amendment may, as to any holder of a unit affected thereby, without the consent of such holder:

 

  Ÿ   change any payment date,

 

  Ÿ   change the amount or type of pledged securities required to be pledged to secure obligations under the units, impair the right of the holder of any pledged securities to receive distributions on the pledged securities underlying the units or otherwise materially adversely affect the holder’s rights in or to the pledged securities,

 

  Ÿ   reduce any contract adjustment payment or change the place or currency of that payment or increase any amounts payable by the holders in respect of the units or decrease any other amounts receivable by holders in respect of the units,

 

  Ÿ   impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any purchase contract or the right to receive any contract adjustment payments,

 

  Ÿ   reduce the number of shares of common stock purchasable under any purchase contract, increase the price to purchase shares of common stock on settlement of any purchase contract, change the stock purchase date or otherwise materially adversely affect the holders’ rights under any purchase contract, or

 

  Ÿ   reduce the above stated percentage of outstanding units the consent of whose holders is required for the modification or amendment of the provisions of the purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement or the purchase contracts,

 

provided, that if any amendment or proposal referred to above would adversely affect only the normal units or the stripped units, then only the affected class of holders as of the record date for the holders entitled to vote thereon will be entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal and such amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with the consent of not less than a majority of such class.

 

No Consent to Assumption

 

Each holder of units, by acceptance of the units, will under the terms of the purchase contract agreement and the units be deemed expressly to have withheld any consent to assumption (i.e., affirmance) of the related purchase contracts by Lazard Ltd or its trustee if Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance becomes the subject of a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.

 

Consolidation, Amalgamation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance

 

Lazard Ltd will agree in the purchase contract agreement that it will not (1) merge or amalgamate with or into or consolidate with any other entity or (2) transfer, lease or convey all or substantially all of its assets to any other person, unless:

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd is the continuing entity or the successor entity is organized under the laws of Bermuda or the U.S. or any state thereof or the District of Columbia,

 

  Ÿ   the successor entity expressly assumes Lazard Ltd’s obligations under the purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement, the purchase contracts and the remarketing agreement, and

 

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  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd is not, or the successor entity is not, immediately after such merger, amalgamation, consolidation, transfer, lease or conveyance, in default in the performance of any of its obligations under the purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement, the purchase contracts or the remarketing agreement.

 

Title

 

Lazard Ltd, the purchase contract agent and the collateral agent and any agent of Lazard Ltd, the purchase contract agent and the collateral agent may treat the registered holder of any units as the absolute owner of those units for the purpose of making payment and settling the related purchase contracts and for all other purposes regardless of any notice to the contrary.

 

Defaults Under the Purchase Contract Agreement

 

Within 30 days after the occurrence of any default by Lazard Ltd in any of its obligations under the purchase contract agreement of which a responsible officer of the purchase contract agent (as defined in the purchase contract agreement) has actual knowledge, the purchase contract agent will give notice of such default to the holders of the units unless such default has been cured or waived.

 

The purchase contract agent is not required to enforce any of the provisions of the purchase contract agreement against Lazard Ltd. Each holder of units shall have the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment of contract adjustment payments then due and payable and the right to purchase common stock as provided in such holder’s purchase contract and generally exercise any other rights and remedies provided by law.

 

Governing Law

 

The purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement and the purchase contracts will be governed by and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

 

Global Units

 

Lazard Ltd will issue the units in the form of a global security registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee for the Depository Trust Company. For a discussion of the global securities, see “Global Clearance and Settlement.”

 

Replacement of Units Certificates

 

If physical certificates are issued, Lazard Ltd will replace any mutilated certificate at your expense upon surrender of that certificate to the purchase contract agent. Lazard Ltd will replace certificates that become destroyed, lost or stolen at your expense upon delivery to Lazard Ltd and to the purchase contract agent of satisfactory evidence that the certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the purchase contract agent and Lazard Ltd.

 

Lazard Ltd, however, is not required to issue any certificates representing units on or after the fifth business day immediately preceding the earlier of the stock purchase date or the date the purchase contracts terminate. In place of the delivery of a replacement certificate following the stock purchase date, the purchase contract agent, upon delivery of the evidence and indemnity described above, will deliver the shares of common stock issuable pursuant to the purchase contracts included in the units evidenced by the certificate, or, if the purchase contracts have terminated prior to the stock purchase date, transfer the pledged senior notes or the pledged securities related to the units evidenced by the certificate.

 

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Information Concerning the Purchase Contract Agent

 

The Bank of New York initially will act as purchase contract agent. The purchase contract agent will act as the agent and attorney-in-fact for the holders of units from time to time. The purchase contract agreement will not obligate the purchase contract agent to exercise any discretionary authority in connection with a default under the terms of the purchase contract agreement, the pledge agreement, the purchase contract or the pledged securities.

 

The purchase contract agreement will contain provisions limiting the liability of the purchase contract agent. The purchase contract agreement will contain provisions under which the purchase contract agent may resign or be replaced. Resignation or replacement of the purchase contract agent would be effective upon the appointment of a successor.

 

Information Concerning the Collateral Agent

 

The Bank of New York initially will act as collateral agent. The collateral agent will act solely as our agent and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any of the holders of the units except for the obligations owed by a pledgee of property to the owner thereof under the pledge agreement and applicable law.

 

The pledge agreement will contain provisions limiting the liability of the collateral agent. The pledge agreement will contain provisions under which the collateral agent may resign or be replaced. Resignation or replacement of the collateral agent would be effective upon the appointment of a successor.

 

Miscellaneous

 

The purchase contract agreement will provide that Lazard Ltd will pay all fees and expenses related to:

 

  Ÿ   the enforcement by the purchase contract agent of the rights of the holders of the units, and

 

  Ÿ   with certain exceptions, stock transfer and similar taxes attributable to the initial issuance and delivery of shares of common stock upon settlement of the purchase contracts.

 

Should you elect to create stripped units or recreate normal units, you will be responsible for any fees or expenses payable in connection with the substitution of the applicable pledged securities, as well as any commissions, fees or other expenses incurred in acquiring the pledged securities to be substituted, and none of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance will be responsible for any of those fees or expenses.

 

All monies paid by us to a paying agent or a trustee for contract adjustment or interest payments related to any unit which remains unclaimed at the end of one year after such payment has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holders of such unit thereafter may only look to us for payment thereof.

 

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE SENIOR NOTES

 

Lazard Group Finance will issue the senior notes under an indenture it will enter into with The Bank of New York, as trustee. We are filing the form of the indenture as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See “Where You Can Find More Information.” The following description is a summary only of material terms and conditions, is not complete and is qualified in all respects by reference to the indenture. You should read the indenture and the associated documents carefully to fully understand the terms of the senior notes.

 

Maturity and Interest

 

The title of the senior notes will be           % Senior Notes due 2035. The senior notes will mature (a) in the event of a successful remarketing, as described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” on any date no earlier than                 , 2010 and no later than                 , 2035, as we may elect, (b) in the event of a failed remarketing, as described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” on the stock purchase date and (c) otherwise on                 , 2035. The senior notes will bear interest from the original issuance date or from the most recent interest payment date on which interest has been paid or duly provided for, as the case may be. The senior notes initially will pay interest at the annual rate of           %, payable quarterly in arrears on each of                 ,                 ,                  and                 , commencing on                 , 2005. After the stock purchase date, the senior notes will pay interest semi-annually in arrears on each of                 and                  until maturity. If the senior notes are successfully remarketed, the amount of interest accrued with respect to any period commencing on or after the settlement date of the successful remarketing and ending on or prior to their maturity will be calculated at the reset rate described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing.” If the remarketing agent cannot establish a reset rate meeting the requirements described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” the remarketing agent will not reset the interest rate on the senior notes and the reset rate will continue to be the initial annual rate of           % until maturity. The senior notes are not redeemable prior to their stated maturity except as described below and will not have the benefit of a sinking fund.

 

The amount of interest payable for any period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. The amount of interest payable for any period shorter than a full quarterly or semi-annual period for which interest is computed will be computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in the applicable period. In the event that any date on which interest is payable on the senior notes is not a business day, the payment of the interest payable on that date will be made on the next succeeding day that is a business day, without any interest or other payment in respect of the delay, except that, if the business day is in the next succeeding calendar year, then the payment will be made on the immediately preceding business day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on the scheduled payment date.

 

Lazard Group Finance is a holding company that will own no material assets other than its controlling voting equity interest in Lazard Group and the notes issued by Lazard Group. As a result, the ability of Lazard Group Finance to pay its obligations under the senior notes depends on its ability to obtain interest and principal payments on the Lazard Group notes. Various financing arrangements, charter provisions and regulatory requirements may impose certain restrictions on the abilities of Lazard Group Finance’s affiliates to transfer funds to Lazard Group Finance in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances.

 

There are no provisions in either the indenture or the senior notes that protect the holders in the event that Lazard Group incurs substantial additional indebtedness, whether or not in connection with a change in control.

 

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Pledge of Lazard Group Notes

 

Lazard Group Finance will use the proceeds from this offering to purchase senior, unsecured notes from Lazard Group. The Lazard Group notes will be pledged to secure the obligations of Lazard Group Finance under the senior notes. The Lazard Group notes will have the following terms and conditions:

 

  Ÿ   the aggregate principal amount of the Lazard Group notes will be equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will accrue interest at a rate equivalent to interest rate applicable from time to time on the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will mature on the same date as the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   the notes will be a senior, unsecured obligation of Lazard Group, ranking pari passu with all other senior, unsecured indebtedness of Lazard Group, and

 

  Ÿ   the notes will be issued in denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.

 

As noted above, the Lazard Group notes will be a senior, unsecured obligation of Lazard Group. The senior notes and the Lazard Group notes, however, will rank effectively junior to the indebtedness of any subsidiary of Lazard Group. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma basis, there was approximately $1.7 billion of liabilities and other obligations, including certain minority interests (other than intercompany liabilities and obligations), of subsidiaries of Lazard Group that would have ranked senior to the senior notes and the Lazard Group notes as a result of this structural subordination. The senior notes and the Lazard Group notes do not limit the ability of Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group or any of their respective subsidiaries to incur indebtedness.

 

The form of the Lazard Group notes is included in the Lazard Group indenture as an exhibit. The Bank of New York will act as collateral agent for the pledge of the Lazard Group notes.

 

Remarketing

 

The senior notes will be remarketed as described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing.”

 

Optional Remarketing

 

Under the purchase contract agreement, on or prior to the fourth business day immediately preceding the first day of the remarketing period but no earlier than the sixteenth business day prior to the stock purchase date, holders of senior notes that are not included as part of normal units may elect to have their senior notes included in the remarketing by delivering their senior notes along with a notice of this election to the collateral agent. For more information, see “Description of the Equity Security Units—Optional Remarketing.”

 

Special Event Redemption

 

If a special event occurs and is continuing, Lazard Group Finance may, at its option, redeem the senior notes in whole, but not in part, at any time at the redemption price for each senior note referred to below. Installments of interest on senior notes which are due and payable on or prior to a redemption date will be payable to holders of the senior notes registered as such at the close of business on the relevant record dates. If, following the occurrence of a special event, Lazard Group Finance exercises its option to redeem the senior notes, the proceeds of the redemption will be payable in cash to the holders of the senior notes. If a special event redemption occurs prior to a successful remarketing of the senior notes, the redemption price for the senior notes forming part of normal units at the time of the special event redemption will be distributed to the collateral agent, who

 

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in turn will purchase the applicable treasury portfolio described below on behalf of the holders of normal units and remit the remainder of the redemption price, if any, to the purchase contract agent for payment to such holders. The treasury portfolio will be substituted for the redeemed senior notes and will be pledged to the collateral agent to secure the obligations of the holders of the normal units to purchase the shares of common stock under the purchase contracts.

 

“Special event” means either a redemption accounting event or a tax event.

 

“Redemption accounting event” means the receipt, at any time prior to the stock purchase date, by the audit committee of Lazard Ltd’s board of directors of a written report in accordance with SAS No. 97, “Amendment to SAS No. 50—Reports on the Application of Accounting Principles,” from our independent auditors, provided at the request of management, to the effect that, as a result of any change in accounting rules or interpretations thereof after the date of this prospectus, we must either (a) account for the purchase contracts under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (or otherwise mark-to-market or measure the fair value of all or any portion of the purchase contracts with changes appearing in our statement of income) (or any successor accounting standard) or (b) account for the units using the if-converted method under SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share (or any successor accounting standard), and that such accounting treatment will cease to apply upon redemption of the senior notes.

 

“Tax event” means the receipt by Lazard Group Finance of an opinion of nationally recognized tax counsel to the effect that there is more than an insubstantial increase in the risk that interest payable by Lazard Group Finance on the senior notes on the next interest payment date is not, or within 90 days of the date of such opinion, will not be deductible, in whole or in part, by Lazard Group for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of (i) any amendment to, change in, or announced proposed change in, the laws, or any regulations thereunder, of the U.S. or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein affecting taxation (other than any such amendment, change or announced proposed change to the so-called “earnings stripping” provisions of Section 163(j) of the Code, which limit the ability of U.S. corporations to deduct interest on certain debt owed to or guaranteed by related foreign persons), (ii) any amendment to or change in an official interpretation or application of any such laws or regulations by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority or (iii) any official interpretation, pronouncement or application that provides for a position with respect to any such laws or regulations that differs from the generally accepted position on the date of this prospectus, which amendment, change or proposed change is effective or which interpretation or pronouncement is announced on or after the date of this prospectus.

 

If a special event redemption occurs prior to a successful remarketing of the senior notes, the treasury portfolio to be purchased on behalf of the holders of the normal units will consist of a portfolio of zero coupon U.S. treasury securities consisting of (i) interest or principal strips of U.S. treasury securities that mature on or prior to the stock purchase date, in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes included in the normal units on the special event redemption date and (ii) with respect to each scheduled interest payment date on the senior notes that occurs after the special event redemption date, and on or before                 , 2008, interest or principal strips of U.S. treasury securities that mature on or prior to that interest payment date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes included in the normal units on that date if the interest rate of the senior notes were not reset, on the applicable remarketing date. These treasury securities would be non-callable by Lazard Group Finance.

 

Solely for purposes of determining the treasury portfolio purchase price in the case of a special event redemption date occurring after either a successful remarketing of the senior notes or the stock purchase date, “treasury portfolio” means a portfolio of zero coupon U.S. treasury securities consisting

 

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of principal or interest strips of U.S. treasury securities that mature on or prior to the date specified at the time of the remarketing as the maturity date of the senior notes in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes outstanding on the special event redemption date and with respect to each scheduled interest payment date on the senior notes that occurs after the special event redemption date, interest or principal strips of U.S. treasury securities that mature on or prior to that interest payment date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes outstanding on the special event redemption date.

 

“Redemption price” means for each senior note, whether or not included in a normal unit, the greater of (a) the principal amount of the senior note and (b) the product of the principal amount of the senior note and a fraction the numerator of which is the treasury portfolio purchase price and the denominator of which is, in the case of a special event redemption occurring prior to a successful remarketing of the senior notes, the aggregate principal amount of senior notes included in normal units, and in the case of a special event redemption occurring after a successful remarketing of the senior notes or after the stock purchase date, the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes.

 

“Treasury portfolio purchase price” means the lowest aggregate price quoted by a primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City to the quotation agent on the third business day immediately preceding the special event redemption date for the purchase of the treasury portfolio for settlement on the special event redemption date.

 

“Quotation agent” means each of Goldman, Sachs & Co. or its successor or any other primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City selected by Lazard Group Finance.

 

Notice of any redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the redemption date to each registered holder of senior notes to be redeemed at its registered address. Unless Lazard Group Finance defaults in payment of the redemption price, on and after the redemption date, interest shall cease to accrue on the senior notes. In the event any senior notes are called for redemption, neither Lazard Group Finance nor the trustee will be required to register the transfer of or exchange the senior notes to be redeemed during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing.

 

Form and Denomination

 

Global Notes

 

Lazard Group Finance will issue the senior notes that are released from the pledge following the substitution or early settlement in the form of a global security registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. For a discussion of global securities, see “Global Clearance and Settlement.”

 

Definitive Notes

 

If Lazard Group Finance issues definitive senior notes, you may have your senior notes broken into more senior notes of the same series of smaller authorized denominations or combined into fewer senior notes of the same series of larger authorized denominations, as long as the total principal amount is not changed. This is called an “exchange.”

 

You may exchange or transfer definitive senior notes at the office of the trustee. The trustee acts as Lazard Group Finance’s agent for registering senior notes in the names of holders and transferring senior notes. Lazard Group Finance may change this appointment to another entity or itself. The entity performing the role of maintaining the list of registered holders is referred to in this prospectus as the “security registrar.”

 

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You will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange definitive senior notes, but you may be required to pay for any tax or other governmental charge associated with the exchange or transfer. The transfer or exchange will only be made if the security registrar is satisfied with your proof of ownership.

 

Lazard Group Finance may cancel the designation of any particular transfer agent. Lazard Group Finance also may approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts.

 

Payments

 

Lazard Group Finance will pay interest to you if you are a direct holder listed in the trustee’s records at the close of business on a particular day in advance of each interest payment date, even if you no longer own the senior note on the interest payment date. That particular day is called the regular record date. The regular record date relating to an interest payment date for any senior note will be the fifteenth calendar day prior to the relevant interest payment date. Holders buying and selling senior notes must work out between them how to compensate for the fact that Lazard Group Finance will pay all the interest for an interest period to the one who is the registered holder on the regular record date. The most common manner is to adjust the sales price of the senior notes to prorate interest fairly between buyer and seller. This prorated interest amount is called “accrued interest.”

 

Lazard Group Finance will pay interest, principal, any premium and any other money due on the senior notes at the corporate trust office of the trustee in New York City. That office is currently located at                 . You must make arrangements to have your payments picked up at or wired from that office. Lazard Group Finance also may choose to pay interest by mailing checks.

 

Lazard Group Finance also may arrange for additional payment offices, and may cancel or change these offices, including use of the trustee’s corporate trust office. These offices are called paying agents. Lazard Group Finance also may choose to act as its own paying agent. Lazard Group Finance will notify you of changes in the paying agents for the senior notes.

 

Notices

 

Lazard Group Finance and the trustee will send notices regarding the senior notes only to direct holders, using their addresses as listed in the trustee’s records.

 

Regardless of who acts as paying agent, all money paid by Lazard Group Finance to a paying agent that remains unclaimed at the end of one year after the amount is due to direct holders will be repaid to Lazard Group Finance. After that one-year period, you may look only to Lazard Group Finance or Lazard Ltd for payment and not to the trustee, any other paying agent or anyone else.

 

Overview of Remainder of This Description

 

In the remainder of this description “you” or “your” refer to direct holders and not “street name” or other indirect holders of senior notes. As an indirect holder of an interest in the global note, you should read the subsection above entitled “—Form and Denomination.”

 

The remainder of this description summarizes:

 

  Ÿ   your rights under several special situations, such as if Lazard Group Finance merges with another company or if Lazard Group Finance wants to change a term of the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   promises Lazard Group Finance makes to you about how it will run its business, or certain business actions that Lazard Group Finance promises not to take (known as “restrictive covenants”), and

 

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  Ÿ   your rights if Lazard Group Finance, Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group defaults or experiences other financial difficulties.

 

Mergers and Similar Events

 

In this section, person refers to any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision of a government or governmental agency.

 

Lazard Group Finance

 

Lazard Group Finance is not permitted to consolidate with or merge into any other person or liquidate or dissolve (by way of distribution, dividend or otherwise), provided that Lazard Group Finance may merge with and into Lazard Group pursuant to a Lazard Group merger, which is described below. All of the voting stock or other voting equity interests of Lazard Group Finance (or, following a Lazard Group merger, Lazard Group) must be beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by Lazard Ltd. Prior to a Lazard Group merger, all of the capital stock or other equity interest (other than voting stock or other voting equity interests) of Lazard Group Finance must be beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by Lazard Group. A Lazard Group merger means the merger or consolidation of Lazard Group Finance with and into Lazard Group, with Lazard Group continuing as the surviving entity, or a liquidation or dissolution pursuant to which all of the assets of Lazard Group Finance are transferred to Lazard Group. Lazard Group Finance will not enter into a Lazard Group merger unless Lazard Group has agreed to be legally responsible for Lazard Group Finance’s obligations under the senior notes and the indenture and, simultaneously with the Lazard Group Merger, the Lazard Group notes previously pledged to secure the senior notes are exchanged for the senior notes (i.e., the Lazard Group notes will take the place of the senior notes, including for purposes of acting as collateral for the obligations of the holder under the related purchase contract, as applicable).

 

In addition, Lazard Group Finance may merge with or into any other person for the sole purpose of effecting a change of jurisdiction of organization, provided that the successor person is organized under the laws of a State or the District of Columbia or under federal law and the successor person agrees to be legally responsible for Lazard Group Finance’s obligations under the senior notes and the indenture.

 

Lazard Group

 

All of the voting stock or other voting equity interests of Lazard Group must be beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by Lazard Group Finance (or, following a Lazard Group merger, Lazard Ltd). Except as provided above, Lazard Group generally will be permitted to consolidate with or merge into any other person. Lazard Group also is permitted to sell substantially all of its assets to any other person or to buy substantially all of the assets of any other person. Lazard Group will not take any of these actions, however, unless all the following conditions are met:

 

  Ÿ   Where Lazard Group merges out of existence or sells all or substantially all of its assets, the other person must be organized under the laws of a State or the District of Columbia or under federal law, and the successor person must agree to be legally responsible for Lazard Group’s obligations under the Lazard Group notes or, if a Lazard Group merger has occurred, the successor person must agree to be legally responsible for the senior notes and the indenture. Upon assumption of Lazard Group’s obligations by such a person in such circumstances, Lazard Group shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under the indenture and the senior notes.

 

  Ÿ  

The merger, sale of all or substantially all of Lazard Group’s assets or other transaction must not cause a default on the senior notes, and there must not be any existing default on the

 

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senior notes unless the merger or other transaction would cure the default. For purposes of this no-default test, a default would include an event of default that has occurred and not been cured, as described below under “—What is an Event of Default?” A default for this purpose also would include any event that would be an event of default if Lazard Group Finance received the required notice of default or if under the indenture the default would become an event of default after existing for a specified period of time.

 

Modification and Waiver

 

There are three types of changes Lazard Group Finance can make to the indenture and the senior notes.

 

Changes Requiring Your Approval

 

First, there are changes that cannot be made to the indenture or the senior notes without your specific approval. Following is a list of those types of changes:

 

  Ÿ   change the stated maturity of the principal or interest on a senior note,

 

  Ÿ   reduce any amounts due on a senior note, including amounts payable as set forth below under “—Payment of Additional Amounts,”

 

  Ÿ   reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of a senior note following an event of default,

 

  Ÿ   change the place or currency of payment for a senior note,

 

  Ÿ   materially impair your right to sue for payment,

 

  Ÿ   reduce the percentage in principal amount of the senior notes, the approval of the holders of which is needed to modify or amend the indenture or the rights of holders of the senior notes,

 

  Ÿ   reduce the percentage in principal amount of the senior notes, the approval of the holders of which is needed to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture or to waive certain defaults,

 

  Ÿ   materially modify any other aspect of the provisions dealing with modification and waiver of the indenture, except to increase the percentage required for any modification or to provide that other provisions of the indenture may not be modified or waived without your consent, and

 

  Ÿ   change in any manner adverse to the interests of the holders the obligations of Lazard Group Finance in respect of the due and punctual payment of principal and interest on the senior notes, interest payments on overdue interest payments and principal amounts due under the senior notes and any other payments due to holders of the senior notes under the senior notes.

 

Changes Not Requiring Approval

 

The second type of change does not require any vote by holders of the senior notes. This type is limited to corrections and clarifications and certain other changes that would not adversely affect holders of the senior notes. Lazard Group Finance also may make changes or obtain waivers that do not adversely affect a particular senior note, even if they affect other senior notes. In those cases, Lazard Group Finance needs only to obtain any required approvals from the holders of the affected senior notes.

 

Changes Requiring a Majority Vote

 

Any other change to the indenture and the senior notes must be approved by the holders of a majority in principal amount of the senior notes. Most changes fall into this category.

 

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The same vote would be required for Lazard Group Finance to obtain a waiver of a past default. However, Lazard Group Finance cannot obtain a waiver of a payment default or any other aspect of the indenture or the senior notes listed in the first category described previously under “—Changes Requiring Your Approval” unless Lazard Group Finance obtains your individual consent to the waiver.

 

Further Details Concerning Voting

 

Senior notes will not be considered outstanding, and therefore not eligible to vote, if Lazard Group Finance has deposited with the trustee or any paying agent other than Lazard Group Finance or set aside in trust for you money for their payment or redemption.

 

Lazard Group Finance generally will be entitled to set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the holders of outstanding senior notes that are entitled to vote or take other action under the indenture. In certain limited circumstances, the trustee will be entitled to set a record date for action by holders. If Lazard Group Finance or the trustee sets a record date for a vote or other action to be taken by holders of senior notes, that vote or action may be taken only by persons who are holders of outstanding senior notes on the record date and must be taken within 180 days following the record date or another period that Lazard Group Finance may specify (or as the trustee may specify, if it set the record date). Lazard Group Finance may shorten or lengthen (but not beyond 180 days) this period from time to time.

 

“Street name” and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how approval may be granted or denied if Lazard Group Finance seeks to change the indenture or the senior notes or request a waiver.

 

Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness of Lazard Group Finance

 

Lazard Group Finance will not create, assume, incur, guarantee or otherwise permit to exist any indebtedness of Lazard Group Finance other than the senior notes for so long as any senior notes are outstanding. The indenture and the senior notes will not, however, limit the ability of Lazard or Lazard Group or their subsidiaries (other than Lazard Group Finance) to incur indebtedness or issue securities.

 

Limitations on Liens

 

Lazard Group Finance will not create or otherwise permit to exist any lien upon any of the voting stock or other voting equity or managing member interests of Lazard Group or any subsidiary of Lazard Group Finance that holds any such stock or equity interest of Lazard Group. Lazard Group Finance will not permit Lazard Group to create or otherwise permit to exist any lien upon any of the capital stock or other equity interests of Lazard Group Finance owned, directly or indirectly, by Lazard Group (or any subsidiary of Lazard Group directly or indirectly owning such capital stock).

 

Limitation on Activities of Lazard Group Finance

 

Lazard Group Finance will not engage in any business or activity or incur any obligation other than as may be necessary from time to time in connection with its status as the issuer of the senior notes and as the managing member of Lazard Group.

 

Events of Default

 

You will have special rights if an event of default occurs and is not cured.

 

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What Is an Event of Default?

 

The term “event of default” means any of the following:

 

  Ÿ   Principal or any premium on a senior note is not paid on its due date.

 

  Ÿ   Interest on a senior note is not paid within 30 days of its due date.

 

  Ÿ   The pledge of the Lazard Group notes (or the proceeds thereof) ceases to be in full force and effect, other than as a result of the issuance thereof to the holders following a Lazard Group merger.

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group Finance or Lazard Group defaults under any instrument or instruments under which there is or may be secured or evidenced any of Lazard Group Finance’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness for money borrowed (other than the senior notes and the Lazard Group notes) having an outstanding principal amount of $           million (or its equivalent in any other currency or currencies) or more, individually or in the aggregate, that has caused the holders thereof to declare such indebtedness to be due and payable prior to its stated maturity, unless such declaration has been rescinded within 30 days or such indebtedness has been satisfied.

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group Finance or Lazard Group defaults in the payment when due of the principal or premium, if any, of any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of Lazard Group Finance’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness, in each case for money borrowed, or in the payment of principal or premium, if any, under any mortgage, indenture, agreement or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any of Lazard Group Finance’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness for money borrowed, which default for payment of principal or premium, if any, is in an aggregate principal amount exceeding $           million (or its equivalent in any other currency or currencies), if such default shall continue unremedied or unwaived for more than 30 days after the expiration of any grace period or extension of the time for payment applicable thereto.

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Group Finance fails to pay when due any additional amounts with respect to interest on any senior notes (as described below under “—Payment of Additional Amounts”), when such amounts become due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days, or Lazard Group Finance fails to pay when due any additional amounts payable with respect to any principal of or premium on any senior notes, when such additional amounts become due and payable either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration of acceleration or otherwise and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days.

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance files for bankruptcy or certain other events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

 

Without limiting the foregoing, a failure of the remarketing agent to remarket the senior notes, as described in “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing,” will not itself be deemed to constitute an event of default.

 

Remedies If an Event of Default Occurs

 

If an event of default has occurred and has not been cured, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the senior notes may declare the entire principal amount of all the senior notes due and immediately payable by notice in writing to us (and the trustee if given by the holders thereof). This is called a declaration of acceleration of maturity. If an event of default occurs because of certain events in bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal amount of all the senior notes will be automatically accelerated, without any action by the trustee or any holder. A declaration of acceleration of maturity may be cancelled by the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the senior notes.

 

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Except in cases of default, where the trustee has some special duties, the trustee is not required to take any action under the indenture at the request of any holders unless the holders offer the trustee reasonable protection from expenses and liability (called an “indemnity”). If reasonable indemnity is provided, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the senior notes outstanding may direct the time, method and place of conducting any lawsuit or other formal legal action seeking any remedy available to the trustee. These majority holders may also direct the trustee in performing any other action under the indenture.

 

Before you bypass the trustee and bring your own lawsuit or other formal legal action or take other steps to enforce your rights or protect your interests relating to the senior notes, the following must occur:

 

  Ÿ   You must give the trustee written notice that an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.

 

  Ÿ   The holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all outstanding senior notes must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the event of default and must offer reasonable indemnity to the trustee against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action.

 

  Ÿ   The trustee must have not taken action for 90 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity.

 

  Ÿ   No direction inconsistent with this written request has been given to the trustee during the same 90-day period by the holders of a majority in principal amount of outstanding senior notes.

 

However, you are entitled at any time to bring a lawsuit for the payment of money due on your senior note on or after the due date of that payment.

 

“Street name” and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and to make or cancel a declaration of acceleration.

 

Payment of Additional Amounts

 

All amounts payable (whether in respect of principal, interest, distributions or otherwise) in respect of the senior notes will be made free and clear of and without withholding or deduction for or on account of any present or future taxes, duties, levies, assessments or governmental charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of the U.S. or any political subdivision thereof or any authority or agency therein or thereof having power to tax, unless the withholding or deduction of such taxes, duties, levies, assessments or governmental charges is required by law. In that event, Lazard Group Finance in respect of the senior notes will pay, or cause to be paid, such additional amounts receivable by a holder after such withholding or deduction shall equal the respective amounts that would have been receivable by such holder had no such withholding or deduction been required, provided that such holder provides Lazard Group Finance a duly executed IRS Form W-9 or appropriate IRS Form W-8. The foregoing shall not apply to any Holder that is described in Section 881(c)(3) of the Code; provided, however, Lazard Group Finance will not withhold on any amounts payable in respect of the senior notes to any holder that has provided appropriate documentation establishing an exemption from withholding under an applicable tax treaty.

 

Regarding the Trustee

 

The Bank of New York is the trustee under the indenture. The trustee shall be subject to all the duties and responsibilities specified with respect to an indenture trustee under the Trust Indenture Act.

 

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GLOBAL CLEARANCE AND SETTLEMENT

 

Lazard Ltd will issue the units, in the form of a global security, or “global security,” registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. In the event any senior notes are separated from the units, the senior notes also will be issued (by Lazard Group Finance) in the form of a similar global security. We refer to the global security representing the units as the “global unit” and to the global security representing the senior notes as the “global note.” Each global security will be issued only in fully registered form and the global note will be issued without interest coupons.

 

You may hold your beneficial interests in a global security directly through DTC if you have an account at DTC, or indirectly through organizations that have accounts at DTC.

 

What Is a Global Security?

 

A global security is a special type of indirectly held security in the form of a certificate held by a depositary for the investors in a particular issue of securities. Since Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance choose to issue the units and the senior notes in the form of a global security, the ultimate beneficial owners can only be indirect holders. This is done by requiring that the global units and the global notes be registered in the name of a financial institution selected by Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance, as appropriate, and by requiring that the units included in the global units and the senior notes included in the global note not be transferred to the name of any other direct holder unless the special circumstances described below occur.

 

The financial institution that acts as the sole direct holder of a global security is referred to in this prospectus as the “depositary.” Any person wishing to own a unit or a senior note must do so indirectly by virtue of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary. In the case of the units and the senior notes, DTC will act as depositary and Cede & Co. will act as its nominee.

 

Except under the limited circumstances described below or upon the creation of normal units, a global security may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to DTC, to another nominee of DTC or to a successor of DTC or its nominee. Beneficial interests in a global security will be represented, and transfers of such beneficial interests will be made, through accounts of financial institutions acting on behalf of beneficial owners either directly as account holders, or indirectly through account holders, at DTC.

 

Beneficial interests in the global unit will be in multiples of $25 and beneficial interests in the global note will be in multiples of $1,000.

 

Special Investor Considerations for Global Securities

 

As an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to the global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, DTC, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance will not recognize this type of investor as a holder of units or senior notes and instead will deal only with DTC, the depositary that holds the global securities.

 

An investor in units or separate senior notes should be aware that because these securities will be issued only in the form of global securities:

 

  Ÿ   The investor cannot get units or senior notes registered in his or her own name.

 

  Ÿ   The investor cannot receive physical certificates for his or her interest in the units or senior notes.

 

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  Ÿ   The investor will be a “street name” (in computerized book-entry form) holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the senior notes and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the units or senior notes.

 

  Ÿ   The investor may not be able to sell interests in the units or senior notes to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in the form of physical certificates.

 

  Ÿ   DTC’s policies will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to the investor’s interest in the global securities. Lazard Group Finance and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of DTC’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global note. Likewise, Lazard Ltd and the purchase contract agent have no responsibility for any aspect of DTC’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global unit. None of Lazard Group Finance, Lazard Ltd, the trustee or the purchase contract agent supervises DTC in any way.

 

Description of DTC

 

DTC has provided the following description of DTC to Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance.

 

DTC is a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

DTC was created to hold securities for financial institutions that have accounts with it, and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between the account holders through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. DTC account holders include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system is also available to banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through, or maintain a custodial relationship with, a DTC account holder, either directly or indirectly.

 

DTC’s rules are on file with the SEC.

 

DTC’s records reflect only the identity of its participants to whose accounts beneficial interests in the global securities are credited. These participants may or may not be the owners of the beneficial interests so recorded. The participants will be responsible for keeping account of their holdings on behalf of their beneficial owners.

 

Definitive Securities

 

In a few special situations described in the next paragraph, a global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing senior notes or units, as the case may be. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold the senior notes or units directly or in “street name” (in computerized book-entry form) will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own bank or broker to find out how to have their interests in units or senior notes transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders.

 

The special situations for termination of the global securities are:

 

  Ÿ   When DTC notifies Lazard Group Finance or Lazard Ltd, as the case may be, that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary.

 

  Ÿ   Lazard Ltd elects to terminate its arrangement with the depositary with respect to the units.

 

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  Ÿ   In the case of the global note, when an event has occurred that constitutes, or with the giving of notice or passage of time would constitute, an event of default and has not been cured. See “Description of the Senior Notes—Events of Default.”

 

  Ÿ   In the case of a global unit, whenever continuing default by Lazard Ltd in respect of its obligations under one or more purchase contracts has occurred.

 

Lazard Group Finance would issue definitive notes:

 

  Ÿ   only in fully registered form,

 

  Ÿ   without interest coupons, and

 

  Ÿ   in denominations of $1,000 and even multiples of $1,000 except that a senior note held as part of a normal unit represents an ownership interest of 1/40, or 2.5%, of a senior note in aggregate principal amount of $1,000 and will therefore correspond to the stated amount of $25 per normal unit.

 

Lazard Ltd would issue definitive units:

 

  Ÿ   only in fully registered form, and

 

  Ÿ   in denominations of $25 and even multiples of $25.

 

When a global security terminates, DTC (and not Lazard Group Finance, Lazard Ltd, the purchase contract agent or the trustee) is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

 

Exercise of Legal Rights Under the Units and the Senior Notes

 

Lazard Ltd’s and Lazard Group Finance’s obligations, as well as the obligations of the purchase contract agent and the trustee and those of any third parties employed by Lazard Group Finance, Lazard Ltd, the purchase contract agent or the trustee, run only to persons who are registered as holders of units or senior notes, as the case may be. Lazard Group Finance and Lazard do not have obligations to you so long as the units or senior notes you hold are issued in the form of global securities, or if definitive securities are issued, if you hold in “street name” or by other indirect means. For example, once Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance makes payment to the registered holder, it has no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to you as a “street name” customer but does not do so.

 

So long as you hold units or senior notes as a beneficial interest in a global security or if Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance issues definitive securities and you hold them in “street name,” you should check with the institution through which you hold your beneficial interest to find out, among other things:

 

  Ÿ   how it handles securities payments and notices,

 

  Ÿ   whether it imposes fees or charges,

 

  Ÿ   how it would handle voting if ever required,

 

  Ÿ   whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a direct holder as described below, and

 

  Ÿ   how it would pursue rights under the senior notes or units if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests.

 

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Payment and Paying Agents

 

The trustee will make payments of principal of, and interest and any premium on, each global note to Cede & Co., the nominee for DTC, as the registered owner. The purchase contract agent will make contract adjustment payments on each global unit to Cede & Co., the nominee for DTC, as the registered owner. The principal of, and interest and any premium on, the global note and the contract adjustment payments on the global unit will be payable in immediately available funds in U.S. dollars.

 

We understand that it is DTC’s current practice, upon DTC’s receipt of any payment of principal of, or interest or any premium on, global securities such as the global unit and the global note, to credit the accounts of DTC account holders with payment in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the stated amount of the global unit or principal amount of the global note as shown on the records of DTC. Payments by DTC participants to owners of beneficial interests in the global unit or global note held through these participants will be the responsibility of the participants, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers registered in “street name.”

 

None of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance, the purchase contract agent nor the trustee will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of DTC’s or its participants’ records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial ownership interests in the global units or global note or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to these beneficial ownership interests.

 

“Street name” holders and other owners of beneficial interests in a global note should consult their banks or brokers for information on how they will receive payments.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

 

The following summary is a description of the material terms of our share capital. Lazard Ltd has filed its certificate of incorporation and memorandum of association and bye-laws as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See “Where You Can Find More Information.” The following summary also highlights material differences between Bermuda and Delaware corporate laws. The following summary also contains a description of the material terms of the capital stock of Lazard Group.

 

General

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 500,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 1 share of Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share and 15,000,000 preference shares, par value $0.01 per share.

 

Common Stock

 

Immediately following the completion of the equity public offering, there will be 33,653,846 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, and one share of Class B common stock issued and outstanding. No preference shares will be issued or outstanding at that time.

 

Voting

 

Each share of common stock will entitle its holder to one vote per share. On all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders, the Class B common stock held by LAZ-MD Holdings will entitle LAZ-MD Holdings to the number of votes equal to the number of shares of our common stock that would be issuable if all of the then outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests issued to LAZ-MD Holdings were exchanged for shares of our common stock on the applicable record date. The voting power of our outstanding Class B common stock will, however, represent not less than 50.1% of the voting power of our company until December 31, 2007. The members of our board of directors will be elected by the common stockholders and the Class B common stockholder voting together as a single class. Generally, all matters to be voted on by stockholders must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by all shares of common stock and Class B common stock present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class, subject to any voting rights granted to holders of any preference shares. However, except as otherwise provided by law, and subject to any voting rights granted to holders of any preference shares, mergers and amalgamations, amendments to the memorandum of association or bye-laws and any removal of a director for cause must be approved by a majority of the combined voting power of all of the outstanding common stock and Class B common stock, voting together as a single class. However, amendments to the bye-laws that would alter or otherwise modify provisions of the bye-laws relating to the size or classified nature of the board of directors, the ability to remove directors only for cause, the ability of the board of directors to adopt a rights plan and certain other matters must be approved by at least 66 2/3% of the combined voting power of all common stock and Class B common stock voting as a single class. In addition, amendments to the memorandum of association or bye-laws that would alter or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the common stock or the Class B common stock so as to affect them adversely also must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of the class of shares affected by the amendment, present in person or represented by proxy, voting as a separate class.

 

Economic Rights

 

Pursuant to our bye-laws, each share of our common stock is entitled to equal economic rights. However, the Class B common stock will have no rights to dividends or any liquidation preference.

 

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Accordingly, although immediately after this offering the Class B common stock will represent approximately 66.3% of the voting power of Lazard Ltd, the Class B common stock will have no economic rights.

 

Dividends

 

Lazard Ltd has not declared or paid any cash dividends on Lazard Ltd’s common equity since its inception. Subject to compliance with applicable law, Lazard Ltd currently intends to declare quarterly dividends on all outstanding shares of Lazard Ltd common stock and expects its initial quarterly dividend to be approximately $0.09 per share, payable in respect of the second quarter of 2005 (to be prorated for the portion of that quarter following the closing of this offering). The Class B common stock will not be entitled to dividend rights.

 

The declaration of this and any other dividends and, if declared, the amount of any such dividend, will be subject to the actual future earnings, cash flow and capital requirements of Lazard Ltd, the amount of distributions to Lazard Ltd from Lazard Group and the discretion of Lazard Ltd’s board of directors. Lazard Ltd’s board of directors will take into account:

 

  Ÿ   general economic and business conditions,

 

  Ÿ   the financial results of Lazard Ltd company and Lazard Group,

 

  Ÿ   capital requirements of Lazard Ltd company and its subsidiaries (including Lazard Group),

 

  Ÿ   contractual, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions and implications on the payment of dividends by Lazard Ltd to its stockholders or by Lazard Ltd’s (including Lazard Group) to us, and

 

  Ÿ   such other factors as Lazard Ltd’s board of directors may deem relevant.

 

Lazard Ltd is a holding company and have no direct operations. As a result, Lazard Ltd will depend upon distributions from Lazard Group to pay any dividends. Lazard Ltd expects to cause Lazard Group to pay distributions to Lazard Ltd in order to fund any such dividends, subject to applicable law and the other considerations discussed above. In addition, as managing directors and other members of LAZ-MD Holdings convert their interests into shares of Lazard Ltd common stock, they will also have a proportionate interest in the excess cash held by Lazard Ltd to the extent that Lazard Ltd retains excess cash balances or acquire additional assets with excess cash balances. For a discussion of Lazard Group’s intended distribution policy, see “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

Additionally, Lazard Ltd is subject to Bermuda legal constraints that may affect its ability to pay dividends on Lazard Ltd common stock and make other payments. Under the Companies Act, Lazard Ltd may declare or pay a dividend out of distributable reserves only if Lazard Ltd has reasonable grounds for believing that it is, or would after the payment be, able to pay our liabilities as they become due and if the realizable value of its assets would thereby not be less than the aggregate of its liabilities and issued share capital and share premium accounts. Further, except under specific circumstances, the declaration and payment of dividends will be prohibited if certain contract adjustment payments in respect of the equity security units are deferred. See “Description of the Equity Security Units—Option to Defer Contract Adjustment Payments.”

 

Preference Shares

 

Pursuant to Bermuda law and our bye-laws, our board of directors by resolution may establish one or more series of preference shares having such number of shares, designations, dividend rates, relative voting rights, conversion or exchange rights, redemption rights, liquidation rights and other

 

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relative participation, optional or other special rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions as may be fixed by the board of directors without any stockholder approval. Such rights, preferences, powers and limitations as may be established could also have the effect of discouraging an attempt to obtain control of Lazard Ltd. We currently have 15,000,000 authorized preference shares. We have no present plans to issue any preference shares. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Common Stock—We may issue preference shares and our bye-laws and Bermuda law may discourage takeovers, which could affect the rights of holders of our common stock.”

 

Acquisition of Shares by Us

 

Our bye-laws provide that if our board of directors determines that we or any of our subsidiaries do not meet, or in the absence of repurchases of shares will fail to meet, the ownership requirements of a limitation on benefits article of a bilateral income tax treaty with the U.S., and that such tax treaty would provide material benefits to us or any of our subsidiaries, we generally have the right, but not the obligation, to repurchase at fair market value (as determined in the good faith discretion of our board of directors) shares from any stockholder who beneficially owns more than 0.25% of our outstanding shares and who fails to demonstrate to our satisfaction that such stockholder is either (a) a U.S. citizen or (b) a qualified resident of the U.S. or the other contracting state of the applicable tax treaty (as determined for purposes of the relevant provision of the limitation on benefits article of such treaty). IXIS is not subject to this repurchase right with respect to the aggregate number of shares it acquired pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement. The number of shares that may be repurchased from any such stockholder will equal the product of the total number of shares that we reasonably determine to purchase to ensure on-going satisfaction of the limitation on benefits article of the applicable tax treaty, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of shares beneficially owned by such subject stockholder (other than the aggregate number of shares IXIS acquired pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement) and the denominator of which is the total number of shares (reduced by the aggregated number of shares IXIS acquired pursuant to the IXIS investment agreement) beneficially owned by stockholders. Instead of exercising the repurchase right described above, we will have the right, but not the obligation, to cause the transfer to, and procure the purchase by, any U.S. citizen or a qualified resident of the U.S. or the other contracting state of applicable tax treaty of the number of outstanding shares beneficially owned by any stockholder that are otherwise subject to repurchase under our bye-laws as described above, at fair market value (as determined in the good faith discretion of our board of directors).

 

Bermuda Law

 

Our board of directors believes that it is of primary importance that our stockholders are treated fairly and have proper access to and recourse against the company. Bermuda was chosen as our place of incorporation for several reasons, including its acceptability to our working members, who are domiciled around the world, and potential investors. Bermuda has an established corporate law which, coupled with the provisions of our bye-laws, we believe provides stockholders with an appropriate level of protection and rights.

 

We are an exempted company organized under the Companies Act. The rights of our stockholders, including those persons who will become stockholders in connection with the equity public offering, are governed by Bermuda law and our memorandum of association and bye-laws. The Companies Act differs in some material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and their stockholders. The following is a summary of material provisions of Bermuda law and our organizational documents not discussed above.

 

 

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Dividends

 

Under Bermuda law, a company may pay dividends that are declared from time to time by its board of directors unless there are reasonable grounds for believing that the company is or would, after payment, be unable to pay its liabilities as they become due or that the realizable value of its assets would as a result be less than the aggregate of its liabilities and issued share capital and share premium accounts.

 

Voting Rights

 

Under Bermuda law, voting rights of stockholders are regulated by the company’s bye-laws and, in certain circumstances, the Companies Act. Our bye-laws generally provide that all matters to be voted on by stockholders must be approved by a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by all shares of our common stock and Class B common stock present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class, subject to any voting rights granted to holders of any preference shares. Our bye-laws also contain heightened voting requirements and class vote requirements, as described above in “—Common Stock—Voting.”

 

Classified Board; Removal of Directors

 

The Companies Act does not contain statutory provisions specifically mandating classified board arrangements for a Bermuda company. However, a Bermuda company may validly provide for a classified board in its bye-laws. Our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors serving staggered three-year terms. As a result, approximately one-third of the board of directors will be elected each year. In addition, directors may only be removed for cause, by vote of shares representing a majority of the combined voting power of all of our common stock and Class B common stock, voting together as a single class. The existence of a classified board of directors may deter a stockholder from removing incumbent directors and simultaneously gaining control of the board of directors by filling vacancies with its own nominees.

 

Rights in Liquidation

 

Under Bermuda law, in the event of a liquidation or winding-up of a company, after satisfaction in full of all claims and creditors and subject to the preferential rights accorded to any series of preference shares and subject to any specific provisions of the company’s bye-laws, the proceeds of the liquidation or winding-up are distributed pro rata among the holders of common shares.

 

Meetings of Stockholders

 

Under Bermuda law, a company is required to convene at least one stockholders’ meeting each calendar year. Bermuda law provides that a special general meeting may be called by the board of directors and must be called upon the request of stockholders holding not less than 10% of the paid-up share capital of the company carrying the right to vote. Bermuda law also requires that stockholders be given at least five days’ advance notice of a general meeting, but the accidental omission to give notice to any person does not invalidate the proceedings at a meeting. Our bye-laws provide that our board of directors may convene an annual general meeting or a special general meeting. Under our bye-laws, we must give each stockholder at least 30 days’ notice of the annual general meeting and at least 10 days’ notice of any special general meeting.

 

Under Bermuda law, the number of stockholders constituting a quorum at any general meeting of stockholders is determined by the bye-laws of a company. Our bye-laws provide that the presence in person or by proxy of two or more stockholders entitled to attend and vote and holding shares representing more than 50% of the combined voting power constitutes a quorum.

 

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The holders of not less than 5% of the total voting rights of all stockholders or one hundred stockholders, whichever is the lesser, may require the directors to include in the notice for the next annual general meeting of a company any resolution which may properly be moved and is intended to be moved. In addition, such persons may also require the directors to circulate to the other stockholders a statement on any matter which is proposed to be considered at any general meeting.

 

Access to Books and Records and Dissemination of Information

 

Members of the general public have the right to inspect the public documents of a company available at the office of the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda. These documents include a company’s certificate of incorporation, its memorandum of association, including its objects and powers, and any alteration to its memorandum of association. The stockholders have the additional right to inspect the bye-laws of the company, minutes of general meetings and the company’s audited financial statements. The register of members of a company is also open to inspection by stockholders without charge and by members of the general public on the payment of a fee. A company is required to maintain its share register in Bermuda but may, subject to the provisions of Bermuda law, establish a branch register outside Bermuda. We maintain a share register in Hamilton, Bermuda. A company is required to keep at its registered office a register of its directors and officers that is open for inspection for not less than two hours each day by members of the public without charge. Bermuda law does not, however, provide a general right for stockholders to inspect or obtain copies of any other corporate records.

 

Board Actions

 

Under Bermuda law, at common law, the directors of a Bermuda company owe their fiduciary duty to the company rather than the stockholders. In addition, the Companies Act imposes a specific duty on directors and officers of a Bermuda company to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company and requires them to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. The Companies Act also imposes various duties on officers of a company with respect to certain matters of management and administration of the company. Our bye-laws provide that some actions are required to be approved by our board of directors. A majority of the directors then in office constitutes a quorum. Actions must be approved by a majority of the directors present and entitled to cast votes at a properly convened meeting of our board of directors, provided, however, that our Chairman of the Board or Chief Executive Officer may be removed or requested to resign or retire from such office or may have the power or authority granted to him or her reduced or limited by our board of directors only upon the recommendation of a majority of the members of our nominating and corporate governance committee to the full board of directors and the approval of a majority of the full board of directors then in office. Notice of any meeting of our board of directors to discuss, resolve or act upon such matter following the recommendation of the nominating and corporate governance committee must be given at least seven business days before the date of such meeting.

 

Our bye-laws provide that our business is to be managed and conducted by our board of directors. Bermuda law requires that our directors be individuals, but there is no requirement in our bye-laws or Bermuda law that directors hold any of our shares. There is also no requirement in our bye-laws or Bermuda law that our directors must retire at a certain age.

 

Our bye-laws provide that our directors may (but are not required to) in taking any action (including an action that may involve or relate to a change of control or potential change of control of Lazard Ltd) consider, among other things, the effects that the action may have on other interests or persons (including our stockholders and employees and the communities in which we do business) as long as the director acts honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of Lazard Ltd.

 

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Amendment of Memorandum of Association and Bye-laws

 

Bermuda law provides that the memorandum of association of a company may be amended by a resolution passed at a general meeting of stockholders of which due notice has been given. An amendment to the memorandum of association, other than an amendment that alters or reduces a company’s share capital, also requires the approval of the Bermuda Minister of Finance, who may grant or withhold approval at his or her discretion. Our bye-laws may be amended if it is first approved by our board of directors and then is approved by our stockholders by a resolution passed by the requisite vote of our stockholders.

 

Under Bermuda law, the holders of an aggregate of no less than 20% in par value of a company’s issued share capital or any class of issued share capital have the right to apply to the Bermuda Supreme Court for an annulment of any amendment of the memorandum of association adopted by stockholders at any general meeting, other than an amendment that alters or reduces a company’s share capital. Where such an application is made, the amendment becomes effective only to the extent that it is confirmed by the Bermuda Supreme Court. An application for the annulment of an amendment of the memorandum of association or continuance must be made within 21 days after the date on which the resolution altering the company’s memorandum of association is passed and may be made on behalf of the persons entitled to make the application by one or more of their number as they may appoint in writing for the purpose. No such application may be made by persons voting in favor of the amendment.

 

Appraisal Rights and Stockholder Suits

 

Under Bermuda law, in the event of an amalgamation of a Bermuda company with another company, a stockholder of the Bermuda company who is not satisfied that fair value has been offered for his or her shares in the Bermuda company may apply to the Bermuda Supreme Court within one month of notice of the stockholders’ meeting, to appraise the fair value of his or her shares. Under Bermuda law and our bye-laws, the amalgamation of Lazard Ltd with another company or corporation (other than certain affiliated companies) requires the amalgamation agreement to first be approved and then recommended by our board of directors and by resolution of our stockholders.

 

Class actions and derivative actions are generally not available to stockholders under Bermuda law. The Bermuda Court, however, would ordinarily be expected to permit a stockholder to commence an action in the name of a company to remedy a wrong done to the company where the act complained of is alleged to be beyond the corporate power of the company or is illegal or would result in violation of the company’s memorandum of association or continuance or bye-laws. Furthermore, consideration would be given by the Bermuda Court to acts that are alleged to constitute a fraud against the minority stockholders or, for instance, where an act requires the approval of a greater percentage of the company’s stockholders than that which actually approved it.

 

When the affairs of a company are being conducted in a manner oppressive or prejudicial to the interests of some part of the stockholders, one or more stockholders may apply to the Bermuda Court for an order regulating the company’s conduct of affairs in the future or compelling the purchase of the shares of any stockholder, by other stockholders or by the company.

 

Discontinuance

 

Under Bermuda law, an exempted company may be discontinued and be continued in a jurisdiction outside Bermuda as if it had been incorporated under the laws of that other jurisdiction. Our bye-laws provide that our board of directors may exercise all our power to discontinue to another jurisdiction without the need of any stockholder approval.

 

 

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Mergers and Similar Arrangements

 

A Bermuda exempted company may acquire the business of another Bermuda exempted company or a company incorporated outside Bermuda when the business of the target company is within the acquiring company’s objects as set forth in its memorandum of association. Any merger or amalgamation first requires the approval of our board of directors and then the approval of our stockholders, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the combined voting power of all of the outstanding common stock and Class B common stock, voting together as a single class, subject to any voting rights granted to holders of any preference shares.

 

Takeovers

 

Bermuda law provides that where an offer is made for shares of a company and, within four months of the offer, the holders of not less than 90% of the shares which are the subject of the offer accept, the offeror may by notice require the non-tendering stockholders to transfer their shares on the terms of the offer.

 

Dissenting stockholders may apply to the court within one month of the notice objecting to the transfer. The test is one of fairness to the body of the stockholders and not to individuals, and the burden is on the dissentient stockholder to prove unfairness, not merely that the scheme is open to criticism.

 

In the event of a fundamental transaction, as set forth in the bye-laws, completed within the first year of the date of closing of this offering, holders of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will have the right to participate in that fundamental transaction on the same terms and for the same consideration as our common stock on an as-if-converted basis.

 

Registration Rights

 

For a description of registration rights available under the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement, see “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.” Registration rights also will be granted to IXIS. See “—IXIS Investment in Our Common Stock—Registration Rights” and “—IXIS Investment in Exchangeable Debt Securities—Registration Rights.”

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

A register of holders of our common stock will be maintained by Codan Services Limited in Bermuda, and a branch register will be maintained in the U.S. by the Bank of New York, who will serve as branch registrar and transfer agent.

 

Description of Lazard Group Membership Interests

 

Lazard Group Common Membership Interests

 

Immediately following this offering and the separation and recapitalization transactions, there will be 100,000,000 Lazard Group common membership interests issued and outstanding (or 104,569,686 assuming that the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full), 66,346,154 of which will be beneficially owned by LAZ-MD Holdings and 33,653,846 of which will be beneficially owned by us and certain of our wholly-owned subsidiaries (or 38,223,532 assuming that the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). The profits and losses of Lazard Group will be allocated to holders of the Lazard Group common membership interests after deducting amounts allocated to the Lazard Group participatory interests described below.

 

The number of outstanding Lazard Group common membership interests owned by us and our wholly-owned subsidiaries will initially equal the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after this offering.

 

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We expect that the net cash proceeds received by Lazard Ltd from any issuance of shares of our common stock, including with regard to the exercise of options issued under the Equity Incentive Plan and an exchange of any of the exchangeable securities will be transferred to Lazard Group in exchange for Lazard Group common membership interests equal in number to such number of shares of common stock.

 

Pursuant to the terms of our memorandum of association, bye-laws and the master separation agreement, each Lazard Group common membership interest owned by LAZ-MD Holdings is exchangeable on a one-for-one basis with our common stock at any time by a holder of a LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interest subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure.”

 

Participatory Interests

 

We also intend to grant participatory interests in Lazard Group to certain of our current and future managing directors in connection with the separation and recapitalization transactions which are described under “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—Participatory Interests in Lazard Group.”

 

IXIS Investment in Our Common Stock

 

We have entered into an investment agreement with IXIS as part of the additional financing transactions. Under the investment agreement, IXIS has agreed to purchase an aggregate of $200 million of securities concurrently with this offering, $150 million of which will be securities that are the same as the equity security units and $50 million of which will be shares of our common stock. See “Description of Indebtedness—IXIS Investment in Exchangeable Debt Securities.”

 

Board Composition

 

In connection with IXIS’s investment in us as part of the additional financing transactions, we have agreed that we will nominate one person designated by IXIS to our board of directors until such time as (1) the shares of our common stock then owned by IXIS, plus (2) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us then owned by IXIS, constitute less than 50% of the sum of (a) the shares of our common stock initially purchased by IXIS, plus (b) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us initially purchased by IXIS.

 

Voting

 

In connection with IXIS’s investment in us as part of the additional financing transactions, until such time as (a) IXIS is no longer entitled to designate a person of its choice to our board of directors, (b) IXIS owns securities representing less than 5% of our outstanding common stock on an as exchanged or as-if-exchanged basis and (c) the arrangements contemplated by the cooperation arrangement are terminated, IXIS has agreed to vote all of our common stock beneficially owned by them in the manner recommended by our board of directors, except that IXIS may freely vote on matters relating to:

 

  Ÿ   certain transactions that might involve a change in our control submitted to a vote of our common stockholders,

 

  Ÿ   amendments to our organizational documents that may adversely affect the rights of holders of our securities, and

 

  Ÿ   matters directly relating to the arrangements contemplated by the cooperation arrangement.

 

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Registration Rights

 

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement, we have agreed to grant IXIS registration rights with respect to our securities held by them. The IXIS registration rights agreement will provide that holders of those securities generally will have unlimited “piggyback” registration rights. The registration rights agreement also will grant IXIS four demand registration rights requiring that we register the shares of our common stock held by IXIS, provided that the amount of securities subject to such demand constitutes at least 25% of the shares of our common stock held by IXIS and have an aggregate market value in excess of $20 million.

 

Lock-up Agreements

 

In connection with its investment as part of the additional financing transactions, IXIS has agreed not to make any disposition, sale, transfer, pledge or hedge (including by way of short selling) or to otherwise encumber any of our securities purchased by them for a period of 545 days from the date of purchase. In addition, following the expiration of the 545 day period, IXIS will not make any transfers of our securities representing more than 2.5% of our then outstanding common stock to any person, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that, after giving effect to such transfer, would beneficially own common stock or securities exchangeable for our common stock representing more than 5% of our outstanding common stock or make any transfers to any person, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that beneficially owns common stock or securities exchangeable into our common stock representing more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, unless, in either case the transferee agrees in writing to be bound by the transfer restrictions applicable to IXIS.

 

Limitations on Activities of IXIS

 

Until such time as (a) IXIS is no longer entitled to designate a person of their choice to our board of directors, (b) IXIS owns securities representing less than 5% of our outstanding common stock on an as-if-exchanged basis and (c) the arrangements contemplated by the cooperation arrangement are terminated, IXIS may not, among other things:

 

  Ÿ   acquire, offer to acquire or agree to acquire beneficial ownership of any of our common stock,

 

  Ÿ   acquire, offer to acquire or agree to acquire any of our businesses or material assets or any of our subsidiaries,

 

  Ÿ   initiate or propose any offer by any third party to acquire, offer to acquire or agree to acquire beneficial ownership of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exerciseable or exchangeable for any other of our voting securities,

 

  Ÿ   initiate, propose or enter into any merger, tender offer, business combination, sale or other disposition outside of the ordinary course of business of any material portion of our assets or any of our subsidiaries or other extraordinary transaction involving us or any of our subsidiaries,

 

  Ÿ   call, or seek to call, a meeting of our stockholders,

 

  Ÿ   act, alone or in concert with others, to seek to affect or influence the control of our board of directors or our management, or our business, operations, affairs or policies,

 

  Ÿ   initiate or propose any stockholder proposal or make, or in any way participate in, directly or indirectly, any solicitation of proxies to vote, or seek to influence any stockholder with respect to the voting of our securities,

 

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  Ÿ   form, join or in any way participate in a group for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting or disposing of any of our securities, or

 

  Ÿ   propose, or agree to, or enter into any discussions, negotiations or arrangements with, or provide any confidential information to, any third party with respect to any of the foregoing.

 

Preemptive Rights

 

In connection with IXIS’s investment as part of the additional financing transactions, we have agreed that for so long as IXIS is entitled to designate a person of their choice to our board of directors, in the event of a sale by us of any of our common stock (or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock) in a broadly distributed, underwritten public offering (or broadly distributed offering made in compliance with Regulation S under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended), in which the consideration to be received by us consists solely of cash, other than any offer or sale of securities (a) to working partners or employees of Lazard Group or LAZ-MD Holdings, (b) relating to a merger, amalgamation, consolidation or acquisition or (c) relating to a strategic transaction, IXIS shall be entitled to purchase an amount of such securities so as to maintain their proportionate share of ownership of our common stock.

 

Delaware Law

 

The terms of share capital of corporations incorporated in the U.S., including Delaware, differ from corporations incorporated in Bermuda. The following discussion highlights material differences of the rights of a stockholder of a Delaware corporation compared with the rights of our stockholders under Bermuda law.

 

Under Delaware law, a corporation may indemnify its director or officer (other than in action by or in the right of of the corporation) against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding by reason of such position if such director or officer (i) acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and (ii) with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

 

Delaware law provides that a majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, constitutes a quorum at a meeting of stockholders. In matters other than the election of directors, with the exception of special voting requirements related to extraordinary transactions, the affirmative vote of a majority of shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote is required for stockholder action, and the affirmative vote of a plurality of shares is required for the election of directors. With certain exceptions, a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all the assets of a corporation must be approved by the board of directors and a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon. Under Delaware law, a stockholder of a corporation participating in certain major corporate transactions may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to appraisal rights pursuant to which such stockholder may receive cash in the amount of the fair value of the shares held by such stockholder (as determined by a court) in lieu of the consideration such stockholder would otherwise receive in the transaction.

 

Under Delaware law, subject to any restrictions contained in the company’s certificate of incorporation, a company may pay dividends out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and for the preceding fiscal year. Delaware law also provides that dividends may not be paid out of net profits if, after the payment of the dividend, capital is less than the capital represented by the outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.

 

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Delaware law permits corporations to have a classified board of directors. Delaware law permits the board of directors or any person who is authorized under a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or by-laws to call a special meeting of stockholders. Under Delaware law, the business and affairs of a corporation are managed by or under the direction of its board of directors. In exercising their powers, directors are charged with a fiduciary duty of care to protect the interests of the corporation and a fiduciary duty of loyalty to act in the best interests of its stockholders.

 

Delaware law permits any stockholder to inspect or obtain copies of a corporation’s stockholder list and its other books and records for any purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder.

 

Class actions and derivative actions generally are available to stockholders under Delaware law for, among other things, breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste and actions not taken in accordance with applicable law, and the court generally has discretion in such actions to permit the winning party to recover attorneys’ fees.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF INDEBTEDNESS

 

The following are summaries of the material terms and conditions of our principal indebtedness.

 

Credit Facilities

 

Lazard Group entered into a commitment letter dated April 14, 2005 that provides that, subject to customary conditions precedent for transactions of this nature, including the consummation of this offering, a group of lenders will provide a five-year $125 million revolving credit facility for Lazard Group and a separate $25 million subordinated credit facility for Lazard Frères & Co. LLC, our U.S. broker-dealer. The Lazard Frères & Co. LLC facility will be a four-year revolving credit, and then will continue as term loan facility for an additional year. Each facility will contain customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default for facilities of this type. The facilities will, among other things, limit the ability of the borrower to incur debt, grant liens, pay dividends, enter into mergers or to sell all or substantially all of its assets. In addition, each facility will contain financial covenants that must be maintained. The Lazard Frères & Co. LLC facility is intended to qualify as a satisfactory subordination agreement in accordance with the applicable NASD rules and regulations.

 

Lazard Group Senior Notes

 

Concurrently with this offering and as part of the additional financing transactions, we are privately placing $650 million aggregate principal amount of           % senior notes due                 , 2015. Interest on the notes is due on                  and                  of each year, and the maturity date of the notes is                 . The notes are unsecured.

 

The indenture governing the Lazard Group senior notes will contain covenants that limit our ability and that of our subsidiaries, subject to important exceptions and qualifications, to, among other things create a lien on any shares of capital stock of any designated subsidiary, and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of our subsidiaries. The indenture governing the Lazard Group Senior Notes also may contain a customary make-whole provision in the event of early redemption.

 

Lazard Group Finance Senior Notes

 

See “Description of the Senior Notes.”

 

IXIS Investment in Exchangeable Debt Securities

 

Exchangeable Debt Securities

 

We have entered into an investment agreement with IXIS as part of the additional financing transactions. Under the investment agreement, IXIS has agreed to purchase an aggregate of $200 million of securities concurrently with this offering, $150 million of which will be securities that are the same as the equity security units and $50 million of which will be shares of our common stock. See “Description of Capital Stock—IXIS Investment in Our Common Stock.” In the event that we choose to issue exchangeable debt securities with terms other than those agreed to by IXIS in the investment agreement, IXIS will have ten business days to choose to accept those securities. If they do not so choose, the investment agreement with IXIS will terminate automatically.

 

The features of the exchangeable debt securities to be purchased by IXIS will be as agreed with IXIS and will be the same as those we sell to the public in a registered public offering or qualified

 

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institutional investors in a private placement. The price per security to be paid by IXIS will be equal to the initial public offering price in a registered public offering of securities or the price offered to qualified institutional investors in a private placement of securities, as the case may be. With respect to the exchangeable debt securities, IXIS or one of its affiliates will receive underwriting fees or commissions equal in percentage terms to those paid to the underwriters for the public offering or private placement of the exchangeable debt securities. Our obligation to sell any securities to IXIS will be conditioned upon the completion of this offering and our decision to issue the equity security units. IXIS’s obligation to purchase any securities from us will be conditioned upon (a) the completion of the equity public offering in an aggregate amount not less than $500 million, exclusive of the amount invested by IXIS, (b) the acceptance for listing of our common stock on the NYSE, subject to official notice of issuance and other customary initial listing conditions, and (c) the completion of the public offering or private placement of exchangeable debt securities in an aggregate amount of not less than $200 million exclusive of the amount invested by IXIS. IXIS has informed us that it has relied upon descriptions of Bruce Wasserstein’s intention to roll forward his historical partner interest into Lazard Ltd, and, with respect to the other working partners, the non-compete undertakings and the undertakings relating to their equity interests, in the aggregate. Consequently, in the event that there were to occur prior to the completion of this offering a fundamental change in either of the arrangements which would materially and adversely affect this offering, IXIS has stated that it reserves the right to void its undertaking to make the agreed upon investment.

 

Board Composition

 

In connection with IXIS’s investment in us as part of the additional financing transactions, we have agreed that we will nominate one person designated by IXIS to our board of directors until such time as: (i) the shares of our common stock then owned by IXIS, plus (ii) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us then owned by IXIS, constitute less than 50% of the sum of (x) the shares of our common stock initially purchased by IXIS, plus (y) the shares of our common stock issuable under the terms of any exchangeable securities issued by us initially purchased by IXIS.

 

Registration Rights

 

Pursuant to a registration rights agreement, we have agreed to grant IXIS registration rights with respect to our securities held by them. The IXIS registration rights agreement will provide that holders of those securities generally will have unlimited piggyback registration rights. The registration rights agreement also will grant IXIS one demand registration right requiring that we register the debt securities held by IXIS, provided that the amount of securities subject to such demand constitutes at least 33% of the debt securities held by IXIS.

 

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX AND BERMUDA TAX CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of purchase contracts, ownership interests in the senior notes and treasury securities that are or may be the components of our normal units and our common stock acquired under such purchase contracts. This discussion (including, and subject to, the matters and qualifications set forth in such discussion), to the extent expressing conclusions as to the application of U.S. federal income tax law, constitutes the opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, our U.S. tax counsel. The advice of such firm does not include any factual or accounting matters, determinations or conclusions, such as amounts and computations or facts relating to the business, income, activities or ownership of Lazard. This discussion applies to you only if you purchase our normal units in the initial offering at their issue price and you hold our normal units, purchase contracts, ownership interests in senior notes, treasury securities and shares of our common stock as capital assets (generally, for investment). In particular, this discussion does not apply to you if you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:

 

  Ÿ   dealers in securities or currencies,

 

  Ÿ   financial institutions,

 

  Ÿ   regulated investment companies,

 

  Ÿ   real estate investment trusts,

 

  Ÿ   tax-exempt entities,

 

  Ÿ   insurance companies,

 

  Ÿ   persons holding our normal units, purchase contracts, ownership interests in senior notes, treasury securities or shares of our common stock as part of a straddle, hedging, constructive sale, conversion or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

  Ÿ   traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings,

 

  Ÿ   persons liable for alternative minimum tax,

 

  Ÿ   U.S. individual or corporate expatriates,

 

  Ÿ   entities treated as “controlled foreign corporations” or “passive foreign investment companies” for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

  Ÿ   investors in pass-through entities,

 

  Ÿ   U.S. holders (as defined below) whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar, or

 

  Ÿ   individuals who are non-U.S. holders (as defined below) and who are present in the U.S. for 183 days or more in a taxable year.

 

This discussion is based on the Code, its legislative history, existing and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations, published rulings and court decisions, all as in effect on the date of this prospectus. These laws are subject to change or different interpretation, possibly retroactively. Except for certain aspects relating to Bermuda taxation, this discussion does not address state, local or foreign tax consideration.

 

For purposes of this discussion, you are a “U.S. holder” if you are a beneficial owner of our normal units and you are:

 

  Ÿ   a citizen or resident of the United States,

 

  Ÿ   a U.S. domestic corporation, or other entity treated as a domestic corporation, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

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  Ÿ   an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source, or

 

  Ÿ   a trust if a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

 

If a partnership is a beneficial owner of our normal units, purchase contracts, ownership interests in senior notes, treasury securities or shares of our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership generally will depend on the status of such partner and the activities of such partnership. If you are a partner in a partnership holding our normal units (or any component thereof), you should consult your own tax advisors.

 

If you are considering the purchase of our normal units, you should consult with your own tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of purchasing, owning and selling our normal units in your particular circumstances.

 

Shares of Lazard Ltd Common Stock Treated As Partnership Interests

 

Under the purchase contracts of our normal units, you are obligated to purchase, and Lazard Ltd is obligated to sell, shares of common stock of Lazard Ltd. Lazard Ltd is a company formed under the laws of Bermuda. However, Lazard Ltd has elected to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, under the purchase contracts of our normal units, shares of the common stock you purchase will be treated as partnership interests in Lazard Ltd for U.S. federal income tax purposes. See “—Tax Status of Lazard Ltd and Its Subsidiaries.”

 

Characterization of Normal Units

 

Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, is of the opinion that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

  Ÿ   the senior notes and the purchase contracts will be treated as separate securities,

 

  Ÿ   the purchase contracts will be treated as forward contracts to purchase shares of our common stock, and

 

  Ÿ   the senior notes will be treated as debt instruments of Lazard Group.

 

However, opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, and the IRS may challenge this conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge. If the IRS successfully challenges the tax treatment described in this discussion, you could become subject to a different tax treatment that could adversely affect the amount, timing or character of income, gain or loss in respect of your investment in our normal units.

 

You should therefore consult your own tax advisors as to the proper characterization of our normal units for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Taxation of U.S. Holders

 

The following section of this discussion applies only to U.S. holders.

 

Normal Units

 

Allocation of Purchase Price

 

You will be treated as purchasing a normal unit consisting of two components, the ownership interest in the senior note of Lazard Group and the purchase contract of Lazard Ltd. Your purchase price for each or our normal units will be allocated between your ownership interest in the senior note

 

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and your purchase contract in proportion to their relative fair market values at the time of your purchase, and this allocation will establish your initial tax basis in both your ownership interest in the senior note and your purchase contract. We will report the fair market value of each senior note at $           and the fair market value of each purchase contract as $0, which will be binding on you (but not the IRS) unless you explicitly disclose a contrary allocation on a statement attached to your timely filed U.S. federal income tax return for the taxable year in which you purchase our normal units. Thus, absent such disclosure, you are required to allocate your purchase price for each of our normal units in accordance with the foregoing. The remainder of this discussion assumes that this allocation will be respected for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Ownership of Senior Notes or Treasury Securities

 

You will be treated as owning your ownership interest in the senior notes or the treasury securities, as applicable. By virtue of your purchase of our normal units, you agree to treat yourself as the owner of the senior notes or the treasury securities, as the case may be, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the remainder of this discussion assumes such treatment.

 

Sales, Exchanges or Other Taxable Dispositions of Normal Units

 

If you sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of a normal unit, you generally will be treated as having simultaneously sold, exchanged or disposed of two separate assets, your purchase contract and your ownership interest in the senior note (or specified pledged treasury securities). Thus, your proceeds realized on such disposition would be allocated between your purchase contract and your ownership interest in the senior note in proportion to their respective fair market values. As a result, as to each of your purchase contract and your ownership interests in senior notes (or specified pledged treasury securities), you generally will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the portion of your proceeds that is allocable to your purchase contract and your ownership interest in the senior note and your adjusted tax basis in such purchase contract and such ownership interest in such senior note (or specified pledged treasury securities). In the case of your purchase contract and your senior note, your adjusted tax basis is the amount of your purchase price allocated to such instrument. In the case of your specified pledged treasury securities, your adjusted tax basis is your pro rata portion of the amount paid by the collateral agent for the treasury securities, increased by the amount of original issue discount (as defined below) included in income with respect thereto and decreased by the amount of cash received in respect of your share of the treasury securities.

 

In the case of your purchase contract and your ownership interest in the senior note, such gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss except that amounts received with respect to accrued but unpaid interest on senior notes will be treated as ordinary interest income to the extent not previously taken into income. If at the time of your disposition your holding period for our normal unit is more than one year and you are an individual, any gain realized by you will be long-term capital gain taxable at a maximum rate of 15%. Your holding period for a normal unit comprised of your purchase contract and your senior note commences on the day following your purchase of such normal unit. By contrast, short-term capital gains of individuals as well as any capital gains of corporate holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rates as ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

If you dispose of your normal unit at a time when your purchase contract constituting part of such normal unit has a negative value, the tax consequences are, in the absence of any authorities on point, not clear. You should consult your own tax advisors regarding such a disposition.

 

For amounts received with respect to contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments see “—Purchase Contracts—Termination of Purchase Contract—Contract Adjustment Payments and Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments.”

 

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Senior Notes

 

Classification as Debt Instruments

 

Our U.S. tax counsel, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, will deliver an opinion that, under the laws of the U.S. as of the date of this prospectus, the senior notes issued by Lazard Group Finance will be treated as debt instruments of Lazard Group for U.S. federal income tax purposes. By purchasing ownership interests in the senior notes, you agree to treat the senior notes as debt for all U.S. federal income tax purposes. The remainder of this discussion assumes such treatment.

 

Accrual of Interest

 

We expect to treat, and will report interest you receive in respect of your ownership interest in a senior note as taxable to you as ordinary interest income at the time you receive or accrue it, depending upon your regular method of tax accounting. However, it is possible that the IRS would disagree with this treatment of the senior notes, and would instead treat the senior notes as contingent payment debt obligations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such treatment could significantly alter the amount, timing and character of income and gain you realize on the senior notes. You should consult your own tax advisor concerning alternative treatments of the senior notes.

 

Tax Basis in Senior Notes

 

Your tax basis in your ownership interest in a senior note will be equal to the portion of your purchase price for our normal unit allocated to such ownership interest in such senior note as described above. See “—Normal Units—Allocation of Purchase Price.”

 

Sales, Exchanges, Remarketing or Other Taxable Disposition of Senior Notes

 

Absent a non-recognition provision, you will recognize gain or loss if you dispose of your ownership interest in a senior note (including upon a special event redemption or upon the remarketing of the senior notes) in an amount equal to the difference between your amount realized on your disposition of the ownership interest in such senior note and your adjusted tax basis in such ownership interest. Your selling expenses, including the remarketing fee, will reduce the amount of gain or increase the amount of loss recognized by you on your disposition of the ownership interest in a senior note. Your gain or loss recognized generally will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term gain or loss if you held your ownership interest in such senior note for more than one year. Long-term capital gains of individuals are subject to a maximum tax rate of 15%. By contrast, short-term capital gains of individuals as well as any capital gains of corporate holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rates as ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

Purchase Contracts

 

Purchase of Our Common Stock Under a Purchase Contract

 

You generally will not recognize gain or loss on the purchase of shares of our common stock (treated as partnership interests for U.S. federal income tax purposes) under your purchase contract. Your initial tax basis in Lazard Ltd’s shares of common stock acquired under your purchase contract should generally equal your purchase price paid for such shares of common stock, plus the properly allocable portion of your adjusted tax basis, if any, in your purchase contract (see “—Normal Units—Allocation of Purchase Price”), plus your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, less the amount of any cash paid to you in lieu of fractional shares of common stock. Your holding period for your shares of common stock will commence on the day following your purchase of such shares of common stock.

 

 

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Early Settlement of Purchase Contract

 

Your purchase of shares of our common stock upon early settlement of your purchase contract will be treated as described in the foregoing paragraph. You will not recognize gain or loss on the return of your proportionate share of your ownership interests in the senior notes or treasury securities upon early settlement of your purchase contract and will have the same adjusted tax basis and holding period in such senior notes or treasury securities as before such early settlement.

 

Termination of Purchase Contract

 

If your purchase contract terminates, you will generally recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between your amount realized, if any, and your adjusted tax basis, if any, in the purchase contract at the time of such termination. Your gain or loss will be capital and will generally be long-term capital gain or loss if you held the purchase contract for more than one year prior to such termination. Long-term capital gains of individuals are taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. By contrast, short-term capital gains of individuals as well as any capital gains of corporate holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rates as ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

You will not recognize gain or loss on the release of your proportionate share of ownership interests in the senior notes or treasury securities upon termination of the purchase contract and you will have the same adjusted tax basis and holding period in such ownership interests in such senior notes or treasury securities as before such termination.

 

Contract Adjustment Payments and Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments

 

There is no direct authority addressing the proper treatment of the contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments. Consequently, the treatment of such payments is unclear. Contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments may constitute taxable ordinary income to you when received or accrued, in accordance with your regular method of tax accounting. To the extent we are required to file information returns with respect to the contract adjustment payments or deferred contract adjustment payments, we intend to report such payments as taxable ordinary income to you.

 

You should consult your own tax advisor concerning the treatment of contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments, including the possibility that any contract adjustment payment or deferred contract adjustment payment may be treated as a loan, purchase price adjustment, rebate or payment analogous to an option premium rather than being includable in income on a current basis.

 

The treatment of contract adjustment payments and deferred contract adjustment payments could affect your adjusted tax basis in your purchase contract or shares of our common stock received under a purchase contract or your amount realized upon a sale or disposition of a normal unit or the termination of a purchase contract. See “—Normal Units—Sales, Exchanges or Other Taxable Dispositions of Normal Units” and “—Termination of Purchase Contract.”

 

Ownership of Our Common Stock

 

The following subsection of the discussion describes the material tax consequences relating to your ownership of shares of Lazard Ltd’s common stock under a purchase contract.

 

Tax Status of Lazard Ltd and Its Subsidiaries

 

Bermuda

 

Under current Bermuda law, Lazard Ltd is not subject to any Bermuda income or profits tax, capital gains tax, capital transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax. Lazard Ltd has obtained an

 

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assurance from the Minister of Finance of Bermuda under the Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966 that, in the event that any legislation is enacted in Bermuda imposing any tax computed on profits or income, or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, such tax shall not, until March 28, 2016, be applicable to Lazard Ltd or to any of Lazard Ltd’s operations or to our shares, debentures or other obligations except insofar as such tax applies to persons ordinarily resident in Bermuda or to any taxes payable by us in respect of real property owned or leased by us in Bermuda.

 

Partnership Status of Lazard Ltd for U.S. Federal Income Tax Purposes

 

Upon formation, Lazard Ltd elected to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, Lazard Ltd is not itself a taxable entity and therefore incurs no U.S. federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner of Lazard Ltd (that is, each common stockholder) must take into account his or her allocable share of items of income, gain, loss, and deduction of Lazard Ltd in computing his or her U.S. federal income tax liability, regardless of whether Lazard Ltd actually distributes cash to him or her. Lazard Ltd’s distributions of cash to its partners (that is, its common stockholders) are generally not taxable unless the amount of cash distributed to a partner is in excess of such partner’s adjusted basis in his or her partnership interest (that is, in his or her shares of common stock).

 

In order to avoid being treated as a corporation despite its election to be treated as a partnership, Lazard Ltd must meet certain requirements under Section 7704 of the Code that govern “publicly traded partnerships,” including the requirement that at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year is “qualifying income.” Although the IRS might successfully challenge our position, we believe that we currently meet these requirements. While we intend to operate our affairs so that we will meet these requirements in the future as well, we may not, however, be able to do so.

 

Subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd

 

Lazard Group, Lazard Ltd’s indirect operating subsidiary, has been structured as a limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As members of Lazard Group, certain U.S. subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on their share of the income of Lazard Group and its subsidiaries. In addition, certain non-U.S. subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on the income of Lazard Group and its subsidiaries that is “effectively connected” with their conduct of a trade or business within the U.S. In addition, those non-U.S. subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd will be subject to a “branch profits tax” on their “effectively connected earnings and profits” (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes), with certain adjustments. The branch profits tax is imposed at a rate of 30%, unless an applicable income tax treaty provides for a lower rate. The eligibility of Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries for income tax treaty benefits depends upon their being “qualified residents” of their country, which in turn depends upon, among other things, at least 50% of the principal class of their stock being considered “ultimately owned” by U.S. citizen’s or person’s that are “qualified residents” of the U.S. or of the treaty partner. We expect that these subsidiaries initially will be eligible for benefits under the income tax treaty between the U.S. and the relevant foreign country, which provides for a maximum branch profits tax rate of 5%. This requirement may not, however, be satisfied in any taxable year, and we may not be able to document that fact to the satisfaction of the IRS.

 

Taxation of Lazard Ltd’s Stockholders

 

Bermuda

 

Under current Bermuda law, there is no Bermuda income or profits tax, withholding tax, capital gains transfer tax, estate duty or inheritance tax payable by our stockholders in respect of Lazard Ltd’s common stock.

 

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Partner Status

 

Beneficial owners of shares of our common stock who are also stockholders of record of Lazard Ltd will be treated as partners of Lazard Ltd for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Beneficial owners whose shares of common stock are held in street name or by a nominee and who have the right to direct the nominee in the exercise of all substantive rights attendant to the ownership of their shares of common stock will also be treated as partners of Lazard Ltd for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

If your shares of common stock are transferred by your broker to a short seller to complete a short sale, you would lose your status as a partner of Lazard Ltd for U.S. federal income tax purposes. See “—Treatment of Stock Lent to Short Sellers.”

 

Basis of Common Stock

 

You will have an initial tax basis in your shares of common stock equal to the amount you paid for shares of our common stock under your purchase contract plus the properly allocable portion of your adjusted tax basis, if any, in your purchase contract (see “—Normal Units—Allocation of Purchase Price”), plus your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, less the portion of such purchase price and adjusted basis allocable to fractional shares, if any.

 

Your initial basis in shares of our common stock will be decreased, but not below zero, by distributions from Lazard Ltd, by your share of Lazard Ltd’s losses, by any decrease in your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, and by your share of Lazard Ltd’s expenditures that are not deductible in computing Lazard Ltd’s taxable income and are not required to be capitalized.

 

Flow-through of Taxable Income

 

Lazard Ltd itself will not pay any U.S. federal income tax. Instead, you must report on your income tax return your allocable share of Lazard Ltd’s income, gains, losses, and deductions without regard to whether you receive any corresponding cash distributions from Lazard Ltd. Although we generally intend to operate our business so that Lazard Ltd’s only net income consists of dividends received from its subsidiaries (and possibly interest), and we intend to allocate that income to our stockholders to whom we distribute such income, you may be required to report a share of Lazard Ltd’s income on your income tax return even if you have not received a cash distribution from Lazard Ltd. You must include in income your allocable share of Lazard Ltd’s income, gain, loss and deduction for Lazard Ltd’s taxable year ending with or within your own taxable year.

 

We expect that Lazard Ltd’s gross income will be derived principally from distributions on, and redemptions of, shares of its wholly-owned subsidiaries’ stock. Such distributions and redemptions will be taxable as dividend income to the extent of the payor corporation’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles, then treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of Lazard Ltd’s basis in the payor corporation’s shares of stock, and thereafter taxed as capital gain.

 

To the extent Lazard Ltd receives dividends from a U.S. subsidiary, such dividend income received before 2009 that is allocable to you should be eligible for reduced rates of tax on “qualified dividend income,” provided that you are an individual and that you satisfy certain holding period requirements.

 

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Subject to the discussions below relating to the potential application of the passive foreign investment company, or “PFIC,” rules to Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries, dividend income received from Lazard Ltd’s direct non-U.S. subsidiaries before 2009 that is allocable to you should be characterized as “qualified dividend income” eligible for reduced rate of tax, provided that you are an individual, you satisfy certain holding period requirements and the non-U.S. payor subsidiary is a “qualified resident” of the relevant income tax treaty partner.

 

Flow Through of Losses and Limitations on Deductibility of Losses

 

As described above, you must report, among other items, your share of Lazard Ltd’s losses on your income tax return. However, the deductibility of such losses is subject to certain limitations. In particular, your deductions of your share of Lazard Ltd’s losses will be limited to your tax basis in your shares of common stock. Moreover, if you are an individual or a closely held corporation, you may also be subject to the “at risk” limitation rules of Section 465 of the Code. Such rules could further limit your ability to deduct your share of Lazard’s losses on your income tax return.

 

We intend to operate Lazard Ltd’s business so that such business will not constitute the “conduct of a trade or business” for purposes of the “passive activity loss” limitation rules of Section 469 of the Code. Thus, the “passive activity loss” limitation rules should not be applicable to you, if you are an individual, estate, trust, a certain type of a closely held corporation or a personal service corporation. We cannot be certain, however, that Lazard Ltd’s manner of operations will remain unchanged and that you will not become subject to the “passive activity loss” limitation rules in the future.

 

Because we do not expect Lazard Ltd to hold any significant assets other than shares of stock of its subsidiaries, Lazard Ltd will likely incur losses, if any, only under limited circumstances, including, potentially, upon a sale of some or all of the shares of stock of its subsidiaries.

 

You should consult your own tax advisor regarding the possible effects of the various loss limitation rules relevant in your particular circumstances.

 

Allocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deductions

 

In general, if Lazard Ltd has a net profit or net loss, its items of income, gain, loss, and deduction are allocated among Lazard Ltd’s stockholders in accordance with their particular percentage interest in Lazard Ltd. Special allocation rules apply to gain or loss attributable to “contributed property” (other than cash). These special rules will have limited relevance to you because you purchase your common shares from Lazard Ltd for cash.

 

Although we generally intend to operate our business so that Lazard Ltd’s only net income will consist of dividends received from its subsidiaries (and possibly interest), and we intend to allocate that income to our stockholders to whom we distribute such income, a stockholder may be allocated a share of Lazard Ltd’s income even if it has not received a cash distribution.

 

We do not expect that our operations will result in the creation of “negative capital accounts” for purposes of the U.S. federal partnership allocation rules. If, however, such “negative capital accounts” nevertheless occur, items of Lazard Ltd’s income and gain will be allocated in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the negative balance in such capital accounts as quickly as possible.

 

Treatment of Distributions

 

In general, Lazard Ltd’s distributions to you will not be taxable to you for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent of your tax basis in your shares of common stock immediately before such distributions. Lazard Ltd’s cash distributions in excess of your tax basis in your shares of common

 

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stock generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of the shares of common stock, taxable in accordance with the rules described under “—Disposition of Common Stock.” Any reduction in your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, will be treated as a deemed cash distribution to you. A decrease in your percentage interest in Lazard Ltd due to Lazard Ltd’s issuance of additional shares of common stock would decrease your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, and thus would result in a corresponding deemed cash distribution to you. However, we generally intend to operate Lazard Ltd’s business so that Lazard Ltd has no direct nonrecourse liabilities.

 

Disposition of Common Stock

 

Absent a non-recognition rule, you will recognize gain or loss on a sale of your shares of common stock equal to the difference between your amount realized and your tax basis for your shares of common stock sold. Your amount realized will be measured by the sum of the cash or the fair market value of other property received plus your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any. Because the amount realized includes your share of Lazard Ltd’s nonrecourse liabilities, if any, your gain recognized on the sale of shares of common stock could result in a tax liability in excess of any cash received from the sale. However, we generally intend to operate our business so that Lazard Ltd has no direct nonrecourse liabilities.

 

Prior distributions from Lazard Ltd that decreased your tax basis in your shares of common stock will, in effect, become taxable income if your shares of common stock are sold at a price greater than your tax basis in your shares of common stock, even if the price is less than their original cost.

 

Gain or loss recognized by you on the sale or exchange of your shares of common stock will generally be taxable as capital gain or loss and as long-term capital gain or loss if you held such shares of common stock for more than a year. Long-term capital gains of individuals are taxed at a maximum rate of 15%. By contrast, short-term capital gains of individuals as well as any capital gains of corporate holders are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same rates as ordinary income. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

 

The IRS has ruled that a partner who acquires interests in a partnership in separate transactions must combine those interests and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all those partnership interests. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of those interests, a portion of that single tax basis must be allocated to the interests sold using an “equitable apportionment” method.

 

Section 754 Election

 

Lazard Ltd will make the election permitted by Section 754 of the Code. This election is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. The election generally permits Lazard Ltd to adjust your tax basis in Lazard Ltd’s assets (“inside basis”) under Section 743(b) of the Code to reflect your purchase price. The election does not apply to you if you purchase shares of our common stock directly from Lazard Ltd. The Section 743(b) adjustment is made solely with respect to the purchaser and does not affect any other partner. For purposes of this discussion, a partner’s inside basis in Lazard Ltd’s assets will be considered to have two components, (i) its share of Lazard Ltd’s tax basis in Lazard Ltd’s assets (“common basis”) and (ii) its Section 743(b) adjustment to such common basis.

 

Because we do not expect Lazard Ltd to hold any significant assets other than stock of its subsidiaries, Lazard Ltd’s Section 754 election will likely not be relevant to you except if Lazard Ltd sells, or is treated as selling, all or part of its stock of its subsidiaries. Generally, a Section 754 election is advantageous to a transferee stockholder if such stockholder’s tax basis in its shares of common stock is higher than the applicable share of the aggregate tax basis of Lazard Ltd’s assets immediately

 

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prior to the transfer. In that case, as a result of the election, the transferee stockholder would have a higher tax basis in its share of Lazard Ltd’s assets for purposes of calculating, among other items, its share of any gain or loss on a sale of Lazard Ltd’s assets. Conversely, a Section 754 election is disadvantageous to a transferee stockholder if such transferee stockholder’s tax basis in its common stock is lower than the applicable share of the aggregate tax basis of Lazard Ltd’s assets immediately prior to the transfer. Thus, the fair market value of our common stock may be affected either favorably or adversely by the election.

 

Constructive Termination

 

Subject to the “electing large partnership rules” described below, Lazard Ltd will be considered to have been terminated for U.S. federal income tax purposes if a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in Lazard Ltd’s capital and profits within a 12-month period takes place. Lazard Ltd’s termination would result in a closing of Lazard Ltd’s taxable year for all of its stockholders. If you report on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of Lazard Ltd’s taxable year may result in more than 12 months of Lazard Ltd’s taxable income or loss being includable in your taxable income for the year of termination. Moreover, Lazard Ltd would be required to make new U.S. federal income tax elections after termination, including a new election under Section 754 of the Code. A termination could also result in penalties if Lazard Ltd were unable to determine that the termination had occurred. Moreover, a termination might either accelerate the application of, or subject us to, any tax legislation enacted before the termination.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

 

In general, a corporation that is not a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes will be a “passive foreign investment company,” or PFIC, during a given year if (1) 75% or more of its gross income constitutes “passive income” or (2) 50% or more of its assets produce such passive income.

 

If any of Lazard Ltd’s direct non-U.S. subsidiaries were characterized as a PFIC during a given year, you as the holder of shares of Lazard’s common stock would be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, including a penalty tax at the time of the sale at a gain of, or receipt of an “excess distribution” with respect to, your shares of common stock, unless you made a “qualified electing fund election” or a “mark-to-market” election. For these purposes, shares of stock of a PFIC that are owned by Lazard Ltd will be considered as owned proportionately by Lazard Ltd’s stockholders. It is uncertain that Lazard would be able to provide you with the information necessary to make a “qualified electing fund election” with respect to Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries.

 

We believe that none of Lazard Ltd’s non-U.S. subsidiaries should be treated as a PFIC. However, the actual determination of PFIC status is fundamentally factual in nature and cannot be made until the close of the applicable taxable year. Moreover, we cannot be certain that the IRS will not successfully challenge our position. You should consult your tax advisors as to the effects of the PFIC rules.

 

Treatment of Stock Lent to Short Sellers

 

If your shares of common stock are loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of shares of common stock, you may be considered as having disposed of your ownership of those shares of common stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If so, you would no longer be a partner of Lazard Ltd with respect those shares of common stock during the period of the loan of those shares of common stock and, although you will receive no cash, you may recognize gain or loss from the

 

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disposition, which will generally be capital gain or loss as described above under “—Disposition of Common Stock.” As a result, during this loan period:

 

  Ÿ   any of Lazard Ltd’s income, gain, deduction or loss with respect to those shares of common stock would not be reportable by you,

 

  Ÿ   any cash distributions received by you with respect to those shares of common stock would be fully taxable to you, and

 

  Ÿ   all of these distributions would appear to be treated as ordinary income.

 

Your holding period in your shares of common stock loaned to a “short seller” to cover a short sale of shares of common stock will restart when the shares of common stock are returned to you. If you want to avoid the risk of gain recognition you should amend any applicable brokerage account agreements to prohibit your brokers from borrowing your shares of common stock.

 

You should consult your own tax advisors with respect to the tax consequences of such loans to short sellers in your particular circumstances.

 

Administrative Matters

 

We intend to furnish to you, within 90 days after the close of each calendar year, specific U.S. federal income tax information, which describes your share of Lazard Ltd’s income, gain, loss and deductions for Lazard Ltd’s preceding taxable year. In preparing this information, which generally will not be reviewed by counsel, we will use various accounting and reporting conventions. The IRS may successfully challenge the use of such conventions as impermissible. Any successful challenge by the IRS could negatively affect the value of shares of our common stock.

 

The Code allows large partnerships to elect streamlined procedures for U.S. federal income tax reporting. In addition, this election would prevent Lazard Ltd from suffering a “constructive termination” for U.S. federal income tax purposes (see above “—Taxation of Lazard Ltd’s Stockholders—Constructive Termination”). When eligible, Lazard Ltd may make such an election.

 

Treatment of Amounts Withheld

 

If Lazard Ltd must withhold any U.S. tax on distributions made to you, Lazard Ltd will pay such withheld amount to the IRS. That payment, if made, will be treated as a cash distribution to you and will reduce the amount of cash to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

Stripped Units

 

Substitution of Treasury Securities to Create Stripped Units

 

If you hold our normal units and deliver treasury securities to the collateral agent in substitution for your pledged ownership interests in the senior notes, you generally will not recognize gain or loss upon your delivery of such treasury securities or the collateral agent’s release of your ownership interests in the senior notes to you. By virtue of purchasing our normal units, you agree to treat your share of the treasury securities constituting a part of your stripped units as owned by you for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

You will continue to take into account items of income or deduction otherwise includable or deductible, respectively, by you with respect to such treasury securities and ownership interests in the senior notes. In general, you will be required for U.S. federal income tax purposes to recognize your pro rata share of original issue discount, or “OID,” on the treasury securities on a constant yield basis,

 

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or acquisition discount (in the case of any treasury security with a maturity of one year or less from the date of its issuance) on the treasury securities when it is paid or accrues generally in accordance with your normal method of accounting. If you are an accrual basis taxpayer, you will generally accrue acquisition discount on a short-term treasury security on a straight-line basis, unless you make an election to accrue such acquisition discount on a constant yield to maturity basis.

 

Your tax basis and your holding period in your ownership interests in the senior notes, the pledged treasury securities and the purchase contract will not be affected by your delivery of treasury securities and the collateral agent’s release of your ownership interests in senior notes. You should consult your own tax advisor concerning the tax consequences of purchasing, owning and disposing of the treasury securities so delivered to the collateral agent.

 

Substitution of Senior Notes to Recreate Normal Units

 

If you hold treasury securities and deliver senior notes to the collateral agent in substitution for your pledged treasury securities, you generally will not recognize gain or loss upon your delivery of such senior notes or the collateral agent’s release of your treasury securities to you.

 

You will continue to take into account items of income or deduction otherwise includable or deductible, respectively, by you with respect to such treasury securities and ownership interests in the senior notes. Your tax basis and your holding period in your treasury securities, the pledged ownership interests in senior notes and the purchase contract will not be affected by such delivery and release.

 

Treasury Securities Purchased on a Special Event Redemption

 

In General

 

A remarketing or a special event redemption will be a taxable event for you, which will be subject to tax in the manner described above under “—Senior Notes—Sales, Exchanges, Remarketing or Other Taxable Disposition of Senior Notes.”

 

Ownership of Treasury Securities

 

In the event of a special event redemption prior to the stock purchase date, you agree (by virtue of purchasing normal units) to treat your share of the treasury securities constituting a part of your normal units as owned by you for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In such case, you must include in income any amount earned on your pro rata share of the treasury securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The remainder of this discussion assumes that you will be treated as the owner of your share of the treasury securities constituting a part of your normal units for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Interest Income and Original Issue Discount

 

In the event of a special event redemption prior to the stock purchase date, the treasury securities will consist of stripped treasury securities. Following a special event redemption prior to the stock purchase date, you must treat your pro rata portion of each stripped treasury security as a bond that was originally issued on the date the collateral agent acquired the relevant treasury security and that has OID equal to your pro rata portion of the excess of the amounts payable on such treasury security over the value of such treasury security at the time the collateral agent acquires such treasury security on your behalf. You will be required to include such OID (or acquisition discount, in the case of a short-term treasury security) in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes as it accrues in the same manner as described above under “—Stripped Units—Substitution of Treasury Securities to Create Stripped Units.” To the extent that a payment from the treasury security made in respect of a

 

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scheduled interest payment on a special event redeemed senior note exceeds the amount of such OID allocable to such treasury security, such payment will be treated as a tax-free return of your investment in the treasury security for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

In the case of any treasury security with a maturity of one year or less from the date of its issue (or from the date the collateral agent acquired the relevant treasury security in the case of any stripped treasury security), you will generally be required to include acquisition discount in income in the same manner described above under “—Stripped Units—Substitution of Treasury Securities to Create Stripped Units.”

 

Tax Basis in Treasury Securities

 

Your initial tax basis in your share of treasury securities will equal your pro rata portion of the amount paid by the collateral agent for the treasury securities. Your adjusted tax basis in your share of the treasury securities will be increased by the amount of OID included in income with respect thereto and decreased by the amount of cash received in respect of your share of the treasury securities.

 

Sales, Exchanges or Other Dispositions of Your Share of Treasury Securities

 

If you obtain the release of your share of the treasury securities and you subsequently dispose of your interest, you will recognize gain or loss on your disposition in an amount equal to the difference between your amount realized upon such disposition and your adjusted tax basis in your share of treasury securities, except that amounts received with respect to accrued but unpaid interest (including acquisition discount) on treasury securities will not be treated as part of the amount realized, but rather, will be treated as ordinary interest income to the extent not previously taken into income.

 

Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders

 

This section of the discussion deals with non-U.S. holders of our normal units. You are a “non-U.S. holder” if you are not a U.S. holder.

 

U.S. Federal Withholding Tax on Interest

 

In general, the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax will not apply to any payment of principal or interest (including OID and acquisition discount) on the senior notes or the treasury securities, provided that:

 

  Ÿ   in the case of the senior notes, you do not actually (or constructively) own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our voting stock within the meaning of the Code and the Treasury regulations,

 

  Ÿ   in the case of the senior notes, you are not a controlled foreign corporation that is related to us through stock ownership,

 

  Ÿ   you are not a bank within the meaning of Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code, and

 

  Ÿ   (i) you provide your name, address and certain other information on an IRS Form W-8BEN (or a suitable substitute form), and certify, under penalties of perjury, that you are not a U.S. person or (ii) you hold your senior notes or treasury securities through certain foreign intermediaries or certain foreign partnerships and certain certification requirements are satisfied.

 

Purchase of Our Common Stock Under a Purchase Contract

 

You will not recognize gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes on the purchase of our common stock (treated as partnership interests for U.S. federal income tax purposes) under your purchase contract.

 

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U.S. Federal Income Tax

 

We intend to manage our affairs in a manner so that Lazard Ltd will not be deemed to be engaged in a trade or business within in the U.S. We may not, however, be effective in doing so. If Lazard Ltd were to be engaged in a trade or business within the U.S., you would also be deemed to be engaged in Lazard Ltd’s trade or business within the U.S. and you would therefore be subject to U.S. federal income tax (but not U.S. federal withholding tax) on a net basis on your income that is “effectively connected” with such trade or business. If you are a foreign corporation you would also become subject to the 30% U.S. branch profits tax, unless you are entitled to a lower rate under an applicable income tax treaty.

 

If you are otherwise engaged in a trade or business with the U.S. (and, if an income tax treaty applies, if you otherwise maintain a permanent establishment within the U.S.) and interest (including OID and acquisition discount) on the senior notes or the treasury securities, distributions with regard to Lazard Ltd’s common stock, and, to the extent they constitute taxable income, contract adjustment payments made with respect to the purchase contracts are effectively connected with your conduct of such trade or business (and, if an income tax treaty applies, attributable to such permanent establishment), you will also be subject to U.S. federal income tax (but not U.S. withholding tax) on such income on a net income basis in the same manner as if you were a U.S. holder. In addition, in certain circumstances, if you are a foreign corporation you may be subject to a 30% (or, if an income tax treaty applies, such lower rate as provided) branch profits tax.

 

U.S. Federal Withholding Tax on Dividends

 

To the extent Lazard Ltd receives dividends from a U.S. subsidiary, Lazard Ltd’s distributions of such dividend income to you will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a rate of 30%. Your ability to lower such withholding rate under an applicable income tax treaty will likely be limited due to special rules under the Code relating to hybrid entities, such as Lazard Ltd, which is a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes but which may not be under the laws of your country of residence.

 

To the extent, however, Lazard Ltd receives dividends from a non-U.S. subsidiary, distributions of such dividend income to you will not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, unless such dividend income would be deemed to be effectively connected with a trade or business within the U.S.

 

Application of an Income Tax Treaty

 

If an income tax treaty applies, you may be eligible for exemption from, or a reduced rate of, withholding. In order to claim any such exemption from or reduction in the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, you should provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN (or suitable substitute form) claiming a reduction of or an exemption from withholding under an applicable income tax treaty.

 

Tax on Gain from Dispositions

 

If you dispose of our normal units, purchase contracts, senior notes, treasury securities or common stock, any gain recognized will generally not be subject U.S. federal withholding tax.

 

In addition, your gain or income realized on the disposition of a normal unit, a purchase contract, a senior note, a treasury note or shares of our common stock will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless your gain or income is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business within the U.S., and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to your U.S. permanent establishment.

 

However, as Lazard Ltd is a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, you would be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon the sale or disposition of your shares of common stock to the

 

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extent that you recognize gain upon such sale or disposition that is effectively connected with a trade or business within the U.S. because the IRS has publicly ruled that a partner’s gain upon his or her disposition of his or her partnership interest will be treated as effectively connected with a trade or business within the U.S. to the extent that his or her partnership is treated as engaged in a trade or business within the U.S. and the partner’s gain is attributable to his or her partnership’s U.S. source property. As described above, we intend to manage our affairs in a manner so that Lazard Ltd will not be engaged in a trade or business within the U.S.

 

Treatment of Amounts Withheld

 

If Lazard Ltd or its subsidiaries must withhold any U.S. tax on distributions made to you, or to Lazard Ltd that are allocable to you, Lazard Ltd or such subsidiaries will pay such withheld amount to the IRS. That payment, if made, will be treated as a cash distribution to you and will reduce the amount of cash to which you would otherwise be entitled.

 

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

 

Unless you are an exempt recipient, such as a corporation, payments under the senior notes, the purchase contracts, the treasury securities or our common stock and the proceeds received from the sale of units, ownership interests in senior notes, purchase contracts, treasury securities or our common stock, may be subject to information reporting. In addition, such payments may be subject to U.S. federal backup withholding tax (currently at a rate of 28%) if you fail to comply with applicable U.S. information reporting or certification requirements or if you are a U.S. person and you fail to supply your accurate taxpayer identification number (that is, your Social Security number if you are an individual).

 

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Thus, any amounts so withheld will be allowed as a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability.

 

This discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences is general in nature and is not tax advice. Accordingly, you should consult your own tax advisor as to the particular tax consequences to you of purchasing, holding and disposing of our units, including the applicability and effect of any state, local or foreign tax laws.

 

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ERISA CONSIDERATIONS

 

The following is a summary of certain considerations associated with the acquisition, holding and disposition of units (and the securities underlying such units) by employee benefit plans that are subject to Title I of the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or “ERISA,” plans, individual retirement accounts and other arrangements that are subject to provisions under any federal, state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that are similar to such provisions of ERISA or the Code (collectively, “similar laws”) plans described in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, including individual retirement accounts and Keogh plans and entities whose underlying assets are considered to include “plan assets” of such plans, accounts and arrangements (each, a “plan”).

 

This summary is based on the provisions of ERISA and the Code (and the related regulations and administrative and judicial interpretations) as of the date this prospectus. This summary does not purport to be complete, and future legislation, court decisions, administrative regulations, rulings or administrative pronouncements could significantly modify the requirements summarized below. Any such changes may be retroactive and may thereby apply to transactions entered into prior to the date of their enactment or release.

 

General Fiduciary Matters

 

ERISA and the Code impose certain duties on persons who are fiduciaries of a plan subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and prohibit certain transactions involving the assets of a plan and its fiduciaries or other interested parties. Under ERISA and the Code, any person who exercises any discretionary authority or control over the administration of such a plan or the management or disposition of the assets of such a plan, or who renders investment advice for a fee or other compensation to such a plan, is generally considered to be a fiduciary of the plan. Plans may purchase units (and the securities underlying such units) subject to the investing fiduciary’s determination that the investment satisfies ERISA’s fiduciary standards and other requirements under ERISA, the Code or similar laws applicable to investments by the plan.

 

In considering an investment in units using a portion of the assets of any plan, a fiduciary should determine whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the plan and the applicable provisions of ERISA, the Code or any similar law relating to a fiduciary’s duties to the plan including, without limitation, the prudence, diversification, liquidity, exclusive benefit, delegation and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA, the Code and any other applicable similar laws.

 

Prohibited Transaction Issues

 

Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code prohibit plans subject to Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code from engaging in specified transactions involving plan assets with persons or entities who are “parties in interest,” within the meaning of ERISA, or “disqualified persons,” within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code, unless an exemption is available. A party in interest or disqualified person who engages in a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be subject to excise taxes and other penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code. In addition, the fiduciary of the plan that engaged in such a non-exempt prohibited transaction may be in breach of his or her fiduciary duty under ERISA or may be subject to penalties and liabilities under ERISA and the Code.

 

If a plan purchases units, the acquisition, holding and disposition of the units (and the securities underlying such units) may constitute or result in a direct or indirect prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, if Lazard Ltd or any subsequent seller, is a party in interest or disqualified person with respect to such plan, unless an exemption is available. In this

 

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regard, the U.S. Department of Labor has issued prohibited transaction class exemptions, or “PTCEs,” that may apply to these transactions. These class exemptions include, without limitation, PTCE 84-14 respecting transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers, PTCE 90-1 respecting insurance company pooled separate accounts, PTCE 91-38 respecting bank collective investment funds, PTCE 95-60 respecting life insurance company general accounts, and PTCE 96-23 respecting transactions determined by in-house asset managers. Each of these PTCEs contains conditions and limitations on its application. Fiduciaries of plans that consider purchasing units (and the securities underlying such units) in reliance on any of these or any other PTCEs should carefully review such PTCE to ensure it is applicable.

 

Accordingly, by its purchase of the units (and the securities underlying such units), each holder, and the fiduciary of any plan that is a holder, will be deemed to have represented and warranted on each day from and including the date of its purchase of the units (and the securities underlying such units) through and including the date of satisfaction of its obligation under the purchase contract and the disposition of any such unit (and any security underlying such unit) either (i) that it is not using the assets of any plan to acquire or hold the units (or any security underlying such unit) or (ii) that the acquisition, holding and the disposition of any unit (and any security underlying such unit) by such holder does not and will not constitute a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and will not violate any applicable similar law.

 

In addition, each holder using the assets of any plan and the fiduciary of such plan will be deemed to have represented and warranted to Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group Finance and the remarketing agent that such participation in the remarketing program will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of applicable similar laws.

 

The foregoing discussion is general in nature and is not intended to be all-inclusive. Each plan should consult its own ERISA and tax advisors and/or counsel regarding the consequences of an investment in the units (and the securities underlying such units).

 

The sale of units (and the securities underlying such units) shall not be deemed a representation by Lazard Ltd or Lazard Group Finance that the investment meets all relevant legal requirements with respect to plans generally or any particular plan or that such an investment is appropriate for plans generally or any particular plan.

 

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

 

Prior to the equity public offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of the common stock. Furthermore, because only a limited number of shares will be available for sale shortly after the equity public offering due to existing contractual and legal restrictions on resale as described below, there may be sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the restrictions lapse. This could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock and our ability to raise equity capital in the future. Upon completion of the equity public offering, there will be 33,653,846 shares of common stock outstanding (or 38,223,532 shares assuming the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full). Of the shares of common stock outstanding, 30,464,579 shares of common stock sold in this offering will be freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act. In addition, we will have 66,346,154 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance in connection with the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests.

 

The following table reflects the timetable for exchangeability of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests assuming continued employment of the current managing directors. As described below, exchangeability may be accelerated under certain circumstances as described in “Management—Arrangements with Our Managing Directors—The Retention Agreements in General—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—Relationship with LAZ-MD Holdings and LFCM Holdings—Master Separation Agreement—LAZ-MD Holdings Exchangeable Interests.”

 

Anniversary of offering


   Number of additional shares of common stock that
are expected to become available for exchange
under LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests


First

   234,906

Second

   622,872

Third

   21,155,974

Fourth

   20,709,760

Fifth

   21,493,452

Sixth

   —  

Seventh

   —  

Eighth

   2,129,190
    

Total

   66,346,154
    

 

The exchangeable securities we expect to issue in connection with this offering and the additional financing transactions will be effectively exchangeable into up to                  shares of our common stock on the third anniversary of purchase. We expect that shares of common stock issued upon settlement of the purchase contracts relating to the equity security units will be freely tradeable upon issuance. The shares of our common stock that IXIS will acquire as part of the additional financing transactions generally may not be transferred for a period of 545 days from the date of purchase, but thereafter may be transferred or sold under certain circumstances. See “Description of Our Capital Stock—Securities Issued in the Additional Financing Transactions.” Under limited, agreed upon circumstances, a few of our European managing directors will have the right to cause an early exchange of a portion of their exchangeable interests. In addition, between the first and third anniversaries of this offering, a limited number of our managing directors will be entitled to exchange a portion of their LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests in connection with their anticipated future retirement from us. Our Chief Executive Officer, who has elected to exchange his interests for shares of our common stock in lieu of the cash consideration in the redemption, will hold shares of our common stock after this offering that will be available for resale upon expiration of the underwriters’ lock-up arrangements, subject to

 

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compliance with the Securities Act. See “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—The Recapitalization of LAZ-MD Holdings and Lazard Group” and “The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure—The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions—Exchange of Working Member Interests for LAZ-MD Holdings Interests.”

 

The shares of common stock to be received upon exchange of the LAZ-MD Holdings exchangeable interests will constitute “restricted securities” for purposes of the Securities Act. As a result, absent registration under the Securities Act or compliance with Rule 144 thereunder or an exemption therefrom, these shares of common stock will not be freely transferable to the public.

 

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated), including an affiliate, who beneficially owns “restricted securities” may not sell those securities until they have been beneficially owned for at least one year. Thereafter, the person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:

 

  Ÿ   1% of the number of shares of common stock then outstanding, or

 

  Ÿ   the average weekly trading volume of the common stock on the NYSE during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing with the SEC of a notice on the SEC’s Form 144 with respect to such sale.

 

Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to certain other requirements regarding the manner of sale, notice and availability of current public information about Lazard Ltd.

 

Under Rule 144(k), a person who is not, and has not been at any time during the 90 days preceding a sale, an affiliate of Lazard Ltd and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least two years (including the holding period of any prior owner except an affiliate) is entitled to sell such shares without complying with the manner of sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement—Registration Rights.”

 

We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 with the SEC to register the shares of common stock and other securities being offered under our Equity Incentive Plan. See “Management—The Equity Incentive Plan.” We also will grant registration rights in connection with the LAZ-MD Holdings stockholders’ agreement. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.”

 

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UNDERWRITING

 

Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group Finance and the underwriters named below have entered into an underwriting agreement with respect to the equity security units being offered. Subject to certain conditions, each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase the number of equity security units indicated in the following table. Goldman, Sachs & Co. is acting as sole book-running manager of this offering and is acting as the representative of the underwriters.

 

Underwriters

   Number of Units

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

    

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

    

Lazard Frères & Co. LLC

    

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
               Incorporated

    

Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated

    

Credit Suisse First Boston LLC

    

J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.

    
    

Total

   10,000,000
    

 

The underwriters are committed to take and pay for all of the equity security units being offered, if any are taken, other than the equity security units covered by the option described below unless and until this option is exercised.

 

The completion of this offering is conditioned upon the consummation of the concurrent equity public offering and the debt offering.

 

This prospectus, and the registration for which it forms a part, may be used in connection with the remarketing of the senior notes. The remarketing is described under “Description of the Equity Security Units—Remarketing.”

 

If the underwriters sell more equity security units than the total number set forth in the table above, the underwriters have an option to buy up to an additional 1,500,000 equity security units from us to cover such sales. They may exercise that option for 30 days. If any shares are purchased pursuant to this option, the underwriters will severally purchase equity security units in approximately the same proportion as set forth in the table above.

 

The following table shows the per equity security unit and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters by us. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase 1,500,000 additional equity security units.

 

Paid by Lazard


   No Exercise

   Full Exercise

Per Equity Security Unit

   $                        $                      

Total

   $                 $             

 

Equity security units sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. Any equity security units sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount of up to $             per equity security unit from the initial public offering price. Any such securities dealers may resell any equity security unit purchased from the underwriters to certain other brokers or dealers at a discount of up to $             per equity security unit from the initial public offering price. If all of the equity security units are not sold at the initial public offering price, the representatives may change the offering price and the other selling terms.

 

The units are a new issue of securities with no established trading market. A liquid trading market may not develop for the units.

 

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We have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of our units or securities convertible into or exchangeable for units during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of Goldman, Sachs & Co. In addition, in connection with their participation in this offering, we have requested that each of the underwriters commit to specified limitations on their ability to hire our managing directors or employees and such underwriters have agreed to abide by such commitments for a specified period of time.

 

The 180-day restricted period described in the preceding paragraph will be automatically extended if during the last 17 days of the 180-day restricted period we issue an earnings release or announce material news or a material event or prior to the expiration of the 180-day restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 15-day period following the last day of the 180-day period, in which case the restrictions described in the preceding paragraph will continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release of the announcement of the material news or material event. This agreement does not apply to the units underlying any future awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan.

 

Prior to the ESU offering and the concurrent equity public offering, there has been no public market for the units or Lazard Ltd’s common stock. The annual rate of the contact adjustment payments, the reference price and threshold appreciation price of the purchase contracts and the initial annual interest rate on the senior notes included in the units will be negotiated among Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group Finance and the representative of the underwriters. Among the factors to be considered in determining these terms of the units, in addition to prevailing market conditions, will be the initial public offering price of Lazard Ltd’s common stock set in the concurrent equity public offering, Lazard’s historical performance, estimates of Lazard’s business potential and earnings prospects, an assessment of Lazard’s and LAZ-MD Holdings’ management and the consideration of the above factors in relation to market valuation of companies in related businesses.

 

The normal units have been approved for listing on the NYSE under the symbol “LDZ”.

 

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell the equity security units in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of the equity security units than they are required to purchase in this offering. “Covered” short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional equity security units from us in this offering. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional equity security units or purchasing equity security units in the open market. In determining the source of the equity security units to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of the equity security units available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase additional equity security units pursuant to the option granted to them. “Naked” short sales are any sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing the equity security units in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the equity security units in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of the equity security units made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of this offering.

 

The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the

 

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representative has repurchased the equity security units sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.

 

Purchases to cover a short position and stabilizing transactions may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the equity security units and, together with the imposition of the penalty bid, may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the equity security units. As a result, the price of the equity security units may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued at any time. These transactions may be effected on the NYSE, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

 

The Lazard Capital Markets division has agreed to purchase approximately 5% of the equity security units being offered in this offering. After the offering, because the Lazard Capital Markets division is a member of the NYSE and because of its relationship to us, it does not intend to make markets in or recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of the equity security units. This may adversely affect the trading market for the equity security units.

 

Also, because of the relationship between us and the Lazard Capital Markets division, this offering is being conducted in accordance with Rule 2720 of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. That rule requires that the initial public offering price can be no higher than that recommended by a “qualified independent underwriter,” as defined by the NASD. Goldman, Sachs & Co. is serving in that capacity and has performed due diligence investigations and reviewed and participated in the preparation of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Goldman, Sachs & Co. will receive $10,000 from us as compensation for such role.

 

The underwriters may not confirm sales to discretionary accounts without the prior written approval of the customer.

 

Each underwriter has represented, warranted and agreed that: (a) it has not offered or sold and, prior to the expiry of a period of six months from the closing date, will not offer or sell any equity security units to persons in the U.K. except to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public in the U.K. within the meaning of the Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995; (b) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”)) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of any shares in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the Issuer; and (c) it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares in, from or otherwise involving the U.K.

 

The equity security units may not be offered or sold, transferred or delivered as part of their initial distribution or at any time thereafter, directly or indirectly, to any individual or legal entity in the Netherlands other than to individuals or legal entities who or which trade or invest in securities in the conduct of their profession or trade, which includes banks, securities intermediaries, insurance companies, pension funds, other institutional investors and commercial enterprises, which, as an ancillary activity, regularly trade or invest in securities.

 

The equity security units may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than to persons whose ordinary business is to buy or sell shares or debentures, whether as principal or agent, or in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares may be issued, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are

 

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likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to the equity security units which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder.

 

This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation, subscription or purchase, of the securities may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the securities be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than under circumstances in which such offer, sale or invitation does not constitute an offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the securities to the public in Singapore.

 

The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan (the “Securities and Exchange Law”) and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.

 

We estimate that our share of the total expenses of this offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $1,650,000.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

 

Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they have received or may receive customary fees and expenses. We and our affiliates have in the past provided, and may in the future from time to time provide, similar services to the underwriters and their affiliates on customary terms and for customary fees. An indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Lazard Group will be participating in the distribution of this offering. Affiliates of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. are lenders in a senior subordinated credit facility provided to Lazard Frères & Co. LLC. An affiliate of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. also is a lender in an existing senior credit facility provided to one of our affiliates in London. An affiliate of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. also is a lender in an existing senior credit facility provided to one of our affiliates in Paris. None of these credit facilities will be repaid with the proceeds of this offering. Additionally, certain employees of some of the underwriters and their affiliates have invested their personal assets in various funds managed by our affiliates.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the purchase contracts and the shares of common stock issuable upon the settlement of the purchase contracts under Bermuda law will be passed upon for Lazard Ltd by Conyers Dill & Pearman, Hamilton, Bermuda. The validity of the purchase contracts, the senior notes and the pledge will be passed upon for Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz. The underwriters have been represented by Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, New York, New York. The validity of the purchase contracts and the shares of common stock issuable upon their settlement under Bermuda law will be passed upon for the underwriters by Appleby Spurling Hunter. Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP has, from time to time, represented, and will continue to represent, us, our managing directors and our affiliates, for which it has received, and will receive, customary fees and reimbursement of expenses.

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, included in this prospectus and the related financial statement schedule included elsewhere in the registration statement have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports appearing herein and elsewhere in the registration statement, and have been so included in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We have filed with the SEC, in Washington, D.C., a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the equity security units offered hereby. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement and, as permitted by the SEC’s rules, does not contain all of the information presented in the registration statement. For further information with respect to us, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and the equity security units offered hereby, reference is made to the registration statement and the exhibits and any schedules filed therewith. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete and in each instance, if such contract or document is filed as an exhibit, reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. A copy of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules thereto, may be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov, from which interested persons can electronically access the registration statement, including the exhibits and any schedules thereto. The registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules thereto, is also available for reading and copying at the offices of the NYSE at 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.

 

We also have filed a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) relating to the equity public offering. You also may review a copy of that registration statement at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. as well as through the SEC’s internet site.

 

As a result of this offering, we will become subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We will fulfill our obligations with respect to such requirements by filing periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We intend to furnish our stockholders with annual reports containing consolidated financial statements certified by an independent public accounting firm. We also maintain an Internet site at www.lazard.com. Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and you should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our securities.

 

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Consolidated Financial Statements*

    

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, as of December 31, 2003 and 2004

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004

   F-6

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Members’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004

   F-7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-8

* The historical consolidated financial statements reflect the historical results of operations and financial position of Lazard LLC (the “Company” or “Lazard Group”), including the separated businesses, for all periods presented. Accordingly, the historical financial statements do not reflect what the results of operations and financial position of Lazard Ltd or the Company would have been had these companies been stand-alone, public companies for the periods presented. Specifically, the historical results of operations do not give effect to the following matters:

 

  Ÿ   The separation of the Company’s Capital Markets and Other activities, which consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, merchant banking fund management activities outside of France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities.

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by the Company’s managing directors, which, as a result of the Company operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, the Company’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, Lazard Ltd will include all payments for services rendered by its managing directors in employee compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Company has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Company’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., the Company historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on the Company’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (“UBT”) attributable to the Company’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Members of

Lazard LLC:

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Lazard LLC and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, and the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and changes in members’ equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

/s/    Deloitte & Touche LLP

New York, New York

March 14, 2005

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004

(in thousands)

 

     December 31,

     2003

   2004

ASSETS

             

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 315,817    $ 273,668

Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes

     82,737      82,631

Marketable investments

     182,040      112,467

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

     166,674      153,681

Securities owned—at fair value:

             

Bonds—Corporate

     379,405      397,258

Non-U.S. Government and agency securities

     49,463      53,528

U.S. Government and agency securities pledged as collateral

     38,755      98,342

Equities

     28,412      48,101
    

  

       496,035      597,229

Swaps and other contractual agreements

     700      666

Securities borrowed

     891,976      852,266

Receivables—net:

             

Fees

     242,340      284,376

Customers

     129,336      130,668

Banks

     127,721      346,285

Brokers and dealers

     77,015      128,979

Other

     14,684      1,216
    

  

       591,096      891,524

Long-term investments

     214,429      202,644

Other investments

     4,009      9,118

Property—net

     192,476      199,453

Goodwill

     16,547      17,205

Other assets

     102,693      106,672
    

  

Total assets

   $ 3,257,229    $ 3,499,224
    

  

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION—(Continued)

DECEMBER 31, 2003 AND 2004

(in thousands)

 

     December 31,

     2003

   2004

LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY

             

Notes payable

   $ 57,911    $ 70,777

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     109,351      196,338

Securities sold, not yet purchased—at fair value:

             

Bonds—Corporate

     76,480      76,425

U.S. Government and agency securities

     20,575      133,775

Equities

     13,562      22,281
    

  

       110,617      232,481

Swaps and other contractual agreements

     3,222      4,619

Securities loaned

     616,706      624,918

Payables:

             

Banks

     340,464      379,797

Customers

     207,618      178,728

Brokers and dealers

     21,979      43,057
    

  

       570,061      601,582

Accrued employee compensation

     181,043      204,898

Capital lease obligations

     62,167      51,546

Other liabilities

     541,348      652,547

Subordinated loans

     200,000      200,000

Mandatorily redeemable preferred stock

     100,000      100,000
    

  

Total liabilities

     2,552,426      2,939,706

Commitments and contingencies

             

Minority interest

     169,078      174,720

Members’ equity (including $49,777 and $18,058 of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax)

     535,725      384,798
    

  

Total liabilities and members’ equity

   $ 3,257,229    $ 3,499,224
    

  

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002, 2003 AND 2004

(in thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

   2004

REVENUE

                    

Investment banking and other advisory fees

   $ 521,994    $ 676,001    $ 642,367

Money management fees

     444,114      346,955      430,727

Commissions

     60,896      53,003      65,526

Trading gains and losses—net

     62,231      42,499      35,508

Underwriting

     23,888      27,821      54,585

Investment gains (losses), non-trading—net

     25,796      18,212      31,968

Interest income

     63,973      47,025      47,373

Other

     26,770      22,029      20,126
    

  

  

Total revenue

     1,229,662      1,233,545      1,328,180

Interest expense

     63,383      50,161      53,875
    

  

  

Net revenue

     1,166,279      1,183,384      1,274,305
    

  

  

OPERATING EXPENSES

                    

Employee compensation and benefits

     469,037      481,212      573,779

Premises and occupancy costs

     82,121      98,412      96,668

Professional fees

     67,862      56,121      73,547

Travel and entertainment

     41,225      45,774      50,822

Communications and information services

     30,103      34,199      38,848

Equipment costs

     20,527      21,422      26,239

Other

     79,359      56,890      56,640
    

  

  

Total operating expenses

     790,234      794,030      916,543
    

  

  

OPERATING INCOME

     376,045      389,354      357,762

Provision for income taxes

     38,583      44,421      28,375
    

  

  

INCOME ALLOCABLE TO MEMBERS BEFORE MINORITY INTEREST AND EXTRAORDINARY GAIN

     337,462      344,933      329,387

Minority interest

     40,015      94,550      87,920
    

  

  

INCOME ALLOCABLE TO MEMBERS BEFORE EXTRAORDINARY GAIN

     297,447      250,383      241,467

Extraordinary gain

     —        —        5,507
    

  

  

NET INCOME ALLOCABLE TO MEMBERS

   $ 297,447    $ 250,383    $ 246,974
    

  

  

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002, 2003 AND 2004

(in thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,

 
     2002

    2003

    2004

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

                        

Net income allocable to Members

   $ 297,447     $ 250,383     $ 246,974  

Adjustments to reconcile net income allocable to Members to net cash provided by operating activities:

                        

Noncash charges included in net income allocable to Members:

                        

Depreciation and amortization

     12,156       13,994       16,938  

Minority interest

     40,015       94,550       87,920  

(Increase) decrease in operating assets:

                        

Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes

     558,700       (19,654 )     106  

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

     247,132       (70,911 )     11,444  

Securities owned, at fair value and swaps and other contractual agreements

     676,528       (10,017 )     (71,505 )

Securities borrowed

     (239,570 )     (420,916 )     39,710  

Receivables

     (106,008 )     101,149       (254,382 )

Marketable and long-term investments

     136,058       (190,433 )     101,504  

Other assets

     14,275       8,301       (2,965 )

Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:

                        

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     (510,439 )     27,419       82,919  

Securities sold, not yet purchased, at fair value and swaps and other contractual agreements

     (288,017 )     40,572       122,743  

Securities loaned

     201,539       415,167       8,212  

Payables

     (610,181 )     (110,948 )     (8,633 )

Accrued employee compensation and other liabilities

     7,429       77,865       45,296  
    


 


 


Net cash provided by operating activities

     437,064       206,521       426,281  
    


 


 


CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

                        

Consolidation of VIEs, net of cash

     —         —         110  

Proceeds from formation of strategic alliance in Italy

     —         100,000       —    

Additions to property

     (22,938 )     (56,230 )     (19,012 )

Disposals and retirements of property

     4,995       10,208       8,606  
    


 


 


Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

     (17,943 )     53,978       (10,296 )
    


 


 


CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

                        

Issuance of subordinated debt relating to strategic alliance in Italy

     —         200,000       —    

Distributions to Members and capital withdrawals, net of issuance of interests to LAM Members in 2003 of $27,483 relating to formation of LAM

     (395,017 )     (381,141 )     (366,182 )

Proceeds from notes payable

     19,729       1,636       15,046  

Repayment of notes payable

     (11,844 )     (22,914 )     (2,179 )

Repayment of capital lease obligations

     (7,490 )     (11,647 )     (14,242 )

Repayment of subordinated loans

     (2,968 )     (2,367 )     —    

Proceeds from subordinated loans

     2,367       —         —    

Net capital contributions and distributions from (to) minority interest stockholders

     (14,605 )     (70,862 )     (102,330 )
    


 


 


Net cash used in financing activities

     (409,828 )     (287,295 )     (469,887 )
    


 


 


EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH

     9,538       10,100       11,753  
    


 


 


NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

     18,831       (16,696 )     (42,149 )

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—Beginning of year

     313,682       332,513       315,817  
    


 


 


CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—End of year

   $ 332,513     $ 315,817     $ 273,668  
    


 


 


SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

                        

Cash paid during the year for:

                        

Interest

   $ 59,448     $ 39,722     $ 41,639  
    


 


 


Income taxes

   $ 89,885     $ 19,458     $ 61,877  
    


 


 


 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBERS’ EQUITY

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002, 2003 AND 2004

(in thousands)

 

     Capital and
Retained
Earnings


    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
Net of Tax


    Total
Members’
Equity


 

BALANCE—January 1, 2002

   $ 741,759     $ (37,062 )   $ 704,697  
    


 


 


Comprehensive income (loss):

                        

Net income allocable to Members

     297,447       —         297,447  

Other comprehensive income—net of tax:

                        

Currency translation adjustments

     —         46,923       46,923  

Minimum pension liability adjustments

     —         (5,139 )     (5,139 )
    


 


 


Comprehensive income

     297,447       41,784       339,231  

Distributions and withdrawals to Members

     (395,017 )     —         (395,017 )
    


 


 


BALANCE—December 31, 2002

     644,189       4,722       648,911  
    


 


 


Comprehensive income (loss):

                        

Net income allocable to Members

     250,383       —         250,383  

Other comprehensive income—net of tax:

                        

Currency translation adjustments

     —         51,042       51,042  

Minimum pension liability adjustments

     —         (5,987 )     (5,987 )
    


 


 


Comprehensive income

     250,383       45,055       295,438  

Distributions and withdrawals to Members

     (408,624 )     —         (408,624 )
    


 


 


BALANCE—December 31, 2003

     485,948       49,777       535,725  
    


 


 


Comprehensive income (loss):

                        

Net income allocable to Members

     246,974       —         246,974  

Other comprehensive income—net of tax:

                        

Currency translation adjustments

     —         29,890       29,890  

Minimum pension liability adjustments

     —         (61,609 )     (61,609 )
    


 


 


Comprehensive income (loss)

     246,974       (31,719 )     215,255  

Distributions and withdrawals to Members

     (366,182 )     —         (366,182 )
    


 


 


BALANCE—December 31, 2004

   $ 366,740     $ 18,058     $ 384,798  
    


 


 


 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

1.    ORGANIZATION

 

Lazard LLC (collectively referred to with its subsidiaries as the “Company” or “Lazard Group”) is a Delaware limited liability company. The Company is governed by its Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated as of January 1, 2002 (the “Operating Agreement”).

 

The Company’s principal activities are divided into three business segments:

 

  Ÿ   Financial Advisory, which includes providing advice on mergers, acquisitions, restructurings and other financial matters,

 

  Ÿ   Asset Management, which includes the management of equity and fixed income securities and merchant banking funds, and

 

  Ÿ   Capital Markets and Other, which consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, merchant banking fund management activities outside of France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities.

 

In addition, the Company records selected other activities in Corporate, including cash and marketable investments, certain long-term investments, and the Company’s Paris-based Lazard Frères Banque SA (“LFB”). LFB is a registered bank regulated by the Banque de France. LFB’s primary operations include commercial banking, the management of the treasury positions of the Company’s Paris House through its money market desk and, to a lesser extent, credit activities relating to securing loans granted to clients of Lazard Frères Gestion (“LFG”) and custodial oversight over assets of various clients. In addition, LFB also operates many support functions of the Paris House. The Company also allocates outstanding indebtedness to Corporate.

 

The consolidated financial statements include the Company’s principal operating subsidiaries, Lazard Frères & Co. LLC (“LFNY”), a New York limited liability company, along with its subsidiaries, including Lazard Asset Management LLC and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “LAM”); Lazard Frères SAS and Maison Lazard SAS, along with its subsidiaries, including LFB (collectively referred to as “LFP”), French limited liability companies; and Lazard & Co., Limited (“LCL”), through Lazard & Co., Holdings Limited, an English private limited company (“LCH”); together with their jointly-owned affiliates and subsidiaries.

 

See Note 18 for information regarding a contemplated initial public offering and separated businesses.

 

2.    SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Presentation—The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company’s policy is to consolidate all majority-owned subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest as well as variable interest entities where the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary (Note 3). All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

 

The consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. Many of the Company’s non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency (i.e., the currency in which operational activities are primarily conducted) that is other than the U.S. dollar, generally the currency of the country in which such subsidiaries are domiciled. Such subsidiaries’ assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, while revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiary’s functional

 

F-8


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

currency are reported as a component of Members’ equity. Foreign currency remeasurement gains and losses on transactions in non-functional currencies are included on the consolidated statements of income.

 

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions regarding certain trading inventory valuations, compensation liabilities and other matters that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents—The Company defines cash equivalents as short-term, highly liquid securities and cash deposits with original maturities of 90 days or less, other than those used for trading purposes.

 

Cash and Securities Segregated for Regulatory Purposes—At December 31, 2003 and 2004, cash and securities with a market value of $35,971 and $27,200, respectively, were deposited in a special reserve account for the exclusive benefit of customers pursuant to Rule 15c3-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The remaining balance at December 31, 2003 and 2004 of $46,766 and $55,431, respectively, relates to restricted cash deposits made by the Company to satisfy the requirements of various non-U.S. regulatory authorities.

 

Marketable and Long-Term Investments—“Marketable investments” and “long-term investments” consist principally of investments in exchange traded funds, merchant banking and alternative investment funds, and other privately managed investments. These investments are carried at fair value on the consolidated statements of financial condition, with unrealized gains and losses reflected net on the consolidated statements of income. Where applicable, the fair value of a publicly traded investment is determined by quoted market prices. Most of the Company’s investments included in “long-term investments,” however, are not publicly traded and, as a result, are valued based upon management’s best estimate. The fair value of such investments is based upon an analysis of the investee’s financial results, condition, cash flows and prospects. The carrying value of such investments is adjusted when changes in the underlying fair values are readily ascertainable, generally as evidenced by third party transactions or transactions that directly affect the value of such investments. The Company’s investments in partnership interests, including general partnership and limited partnership interests in real estate funds, are recorded at fair value based on changes in the fair value of the partnerships’ underlying net assets. Because of the inherent uncertainty in the valuation of investments that are not readily marketable, estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been reported had a ready market for such investments existed.

 

The Company’s gross non-trading investment gains and (losses) of $52,465 and $(26,669), $23,948 and $(5,736), and $39,808 and $(7,840) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively, are included in “investment gains (losses), non-trading-net” on the consolidated statements of income.

 

Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase—Securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are treated as collateralized financing transactions. The agreements provide that the transferor will receive substantially the same securities in return at the maturity of the

 

F-9


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

agreement and the transferor will obtain from the transferee sufficient cash or collateral to purchase such securities during the term of the agreement. These securities are carried at the amounts at which they will be subsequently resold or repurchased plus accrued interest. The Company’s policy is to take possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell. As these transactions are short-term in nature, their carrying amounts are a reasonable estimate of fair value.

 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and securities purchased under agreements to resell with the same counterparty are reported net by the counterparty in accordance with Financial Interpretation No. (“FIN”) 41, Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements.

 

Securities Owned and Securities Sold, Not Yet Purchased—Securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased, are stated at quoted market values with realized and unrealized trading and investment gains and losses reflected in “trading gains and lossesnet” on the consolidated statements of income. Securities transactions and the related revenue and expenses are recorded on a trade date basis.

 

Swaps and Other Contractual Agreements—A derivative is typically defined as an instrument whose value is “derived” from an underlying instrument or index, such as a future, forward, swap, or option contract, or other financial instrument with similar characteristics. Derivative contracts often involve future commitments to exchange interest payment streams or currencies based on a notional or contractual amount (i.e., interest rate swaps or currency forwards) or to purchase or sell other financial instruments at specified terms on a specified date (i.e., options to buy or sell securities or currencies).

 

Derivatives are reported separately as assets and liabilities unless a legal right of set-off exists under a master netting agreement enforceable by law. Balances related to the fair value of trading and non-trading derivative transactions are included in “swaps and other contractual agreements” on the consolidated statements of financial condition. There are no non-trading derivative transactions to which hedge accounting under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, is applied, and, as such, the related gains and losses are reported in the consolidated statements of income.

 

The Company periodically enters into transactions principally for the purchase or sale of government and agency securities with customers that do not settle during the normal settlement cycle, generally three business days (extended settlement or delayed delivery transactions). Accordingly, such delayed delivery transactions are treated in a manner consistent with forward contracts and are recorded on the consolidated statement of financial condition on a settlement date basis with the related gains and losses in value between the trade and settlement date reported as a component of “trading gains and losses—net” on the consolidated statements of income.

 

Securities Borrowed and Securities Loaned—Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded at the amount of cash collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions facilitate the settlement process and require the Company to deposit cash or other collateral with the lender. With respect to securities loaned, the Company receives collateral in the form of cash or other collateral. The amount of collateral required to be deposited for securities borrowed, or received for securities loaned, is an amount generally in excess of the market value of the applicable securities

 

F-10


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

borrowed or loaned. The Company monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned, with additional collateral obtained, or excess collateral recalled, when deemed appropriate. As the majority of such financing activities are short-term in nature, the carrying value of securities borrowed and securities loaned approximates fair value. Interest related to securities loaned and securities borrowed is included in interest income and interest expense, respectively, on the consolidated statements of income.

 

Collateral—As described above, the Company accepts and pledges collateral in secured financing and securities borrowing and lending transactions. Agreements covering these transactions may permit the secured party to sell or repledge the collateral. Collateral accepted under reverse repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements and margin loans are used to cover short positions, to enter into secured financing transactions and to satisfy reserve requirements under SEC Rule 15c3-3. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, the market value of collateral accepted under reverse repurchase agreements, in securities borrowed transactions and for customer margin loans was $985,669 and $995,525, respectively, of which $688,877 and $747,056 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, was sold or repledged.

 

Customer Transactions—Customer securities transactions are recorded on a settlement date basis with the related commissions recorded on a trade date basis and included in “commissions” on the consolidated statements of income. Receivables from and payables to customers include amounts due on cash and margin transactions. Securities owned by customers, including those that collateralize margin or other similar transactions, are not reflected on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Receivables from and payables to customers are short-term in nature, and accordingly, their carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

 

Receivables—net—Receivables are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $19,960 and $16,444 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. The estimate is derived by management of the Company by utilizing past client transaction history and an assessment of the client’s creditworthiness. The Company recorded bad debt expense of approximately $13,245, $3,391 and $4,093 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. The Company recorded recoveries, charge-offs and other adjustments to the allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $616, $(4,724) and $(7,609) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

 

Property—net—At December 31, 2003 and 2004 property-net consists of the following:

 

     December 31,

 
     2003

    2004

 

Buildings

   $ 159,302     $ 171,821  

Leasehold improvements

     130,161       111,658  

Furniture and equipment

     40,206       67,283  
    


 


Total

     329,669       350,762  

Less—Accumulated depreciation and amortization

     (137,193 )     (151,309 )
    


 


Property-net

   $ 192,476     $ 199,453  
    


 


 

Buildings, leasehold improvements, and furniture and equipment are stated at cost, or in the case of buildings under capital leases, the present value of the future minimum lease payments, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Buildings represent amounts recorded pursuant to capital

 

F-11


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

leases (Note 11), with the related obligations recorded as capital lease obligations. Such buildings are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which approximate 33 years. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and are amortized over the lesser of the economic useful life of the improvement or the term of the lease. Depreciation of furniture and equipment is determined using estimated useful lives, generally between two to five years. Amortization expense on buildings and leasehold improvements of $7,991, $9,147 and $11,972 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively, is included in “premises and occupancy costs” on the consolidated statements of income. Depreciation expense on furniture and equipment of $4,165, $4,847 and $4,966 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively, is included in “equipment costs” on the consolidated statements of income. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

Goodwill—In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are no longer amortized, but instead are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. In connection with the implementation of SFAS No. 142, the Company was required to assess goodwill for impairment. It was determined that there was no impairment of goodwill at January 1, 2002. The Company has selected December 31 as the date to perform the annual impairment test. At December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, the Company compared the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill and determined that the fair value exceeded its carrying value. Therefore, the Company determined that no impairment existed. Goodwill reflected on the consolidated statements of financial condition relates to the Financial Advisory business segment.

 

Minority Interest—Minority interest recorded on the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2002 and for the year then ended relates primarily to minority interests in various LAM-related general partnership interests. The Company consolidates various LAM related general partnership interests that it controls but does not wholly own. As a result, the Company includes on its consolidated statements of income all of the general partnerships’ net revenue with an appropriate minority interest expense.

 

As of December 31, 2003 and 2004 and for the years then ended, minority interest principally relates to minority interests in (i) various LAM-related general partnership interests, (ii) the Company’s business in Italy (Note 5) and (iii) LAM (Note 6).

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Investment Banking and Other Advisory Fees—Fees for mergers and acquisitions advisory services and financial restructuring advisory services are recorded when billed, which is generally the date the related transactions are consummated. Transaction related expenses, which are directly related to such transactions and billable to clients, are deferred to match revenue recognition. Client reimbursements of expenses are presented net in “investment banking and other advisory fees” on the Company’s consolidated statements of income. The Company also includes receivables related to client reimbursement of expenses in “fees receivable” on the consolidated statements of financial condition. The amounts of expenses reimbursed by clients for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are $9,655, $11,041 and $11,583, respectively.

 

Money Management Fees—Money management fees are derived from fees for investment management and advisory services provided to institutional and private clients. Revenue is recorded on an accrual basis primarily based on the contractual investment advisory fee applied

 

F-12


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

to the level of client assets under management. Fees vary with the type of assets managed, with higher fees earned on actively managed equity assets, alternative investment (such as hedge funds) and merchant banking products, and lower fees earned on fixed income and money market products. The Company also earns performance-based incentive fees on some investment products, such as hedge funds and merchant banking funds. Incentive fees on hedge funds generally are recorded at the end of the year and typically are calculated based on a specified percentage of a fund’s net appreciation during the year. Incentive fees on hedge funds generally are subject to loss carry-forward provisions in which losses incurred by the funds in any year are applied against future period net appreciation before any incentive fees can be earned. The Company makes merchant banking investments with its own capital, usually alongside capital of qualified institutional and individual investors. These activities typically are organized in funds that make investments in private or public companies, generally through privately negotiated transactions. With respect to merchant banking funds, the Company also may earn incentive fees in accordance with the terms of the funds’ respective agreements. These fees are in the form of a carried interest and are recognized when realized or unrealized gains relating to the underlying investments of the fund exceed a specified threshold. Accordingly, revenue from merchant banking incentive fees are recorded when the return on the underlying investments have exceeded certain contractually established thresholds. Any future underperformance by the merchant banking funds would reduce the Company’s incentive fee revenue, money management fees (since revenue is based on the value of assets under management) and the value of the Company’s merchant banking investments. Receivables relating to money management fees are reported in “fees receivable” on the consolidated statements of financial condition. There are no unrecorded merchant banking incentive fees as of December 31, 2004.

 

Commissions—Commissions charged for executing customer transactions are accrued on a trade date basis and are included in current period earnings.

 

Trading Gains and Losses—netChanges in the fair value (i.e., unrealized gains and losses) of securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased are recognized in trading gains and losses—net in the current period. Realized gains and losses and any related interest amounts are included in trading gains and losses—net and interest income and interest expense, respectively, depending on the nature of the instrument. Trading gains and losses are recorded on a trade date basis. Dividend income and expense incurred on trading long and short securities is reported net in trading gains and losses—net.

 

Underwriting—Underwriting revenue is accrued on a trade date basis and represents fees earned, net of estimated transaction related expenses, on primary offerings of debt and equity securities.

 

Soft Dollar Arrangements—The Company’s Asset Management business obtains research and other services through “soft dollar” arrangements. Consistent with the “soft dollar” safe harbor established by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Asset Management business does not have any contractual obligation or arrangement requiring it to pay for research and other services obtained through soft dollar arrangements with brokers. Instead, the broker is obligated to pay for the services. Consequently, the Company does not incur any liability and does not accrue any expenses in connection with any research or other services obtained by the Asset Management business pursuant to such soft dollar arrangements. If the use of soft dollars is limited or prohibited in the future by regulation, we may have to bear the costs of research and other services.

 

F-13


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Income Taxes—The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expenses on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The Company operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Company’s income is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S. the Company principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on the Company’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (“UBT”) attributable to the Company’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

Net Income Allocable to MembersPayment for services rendered by the Company’s managing directors, as a result of the Company operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, the Company’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors.

 

Reclassifications—Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the manner of presentation in the current year.

 

3.    RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted FIN 45, Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others—an Interpretation of FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and Rescission of FASB Interpretation No. 34. FIN 45 requires certain disclosures to be made by a guarantor about its obligations under certain guarantees issued. It also requires a guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The adoption of FIN 45 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In December 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FIN 46R, Consolidation of Certain Variable Interest Entities—an interpretation of ARB No. 51, that further clarifies FIN 46 which was issued on January 17, 2003. FIN 46R clarifies when an entity should consolidate a Variable Interest Entity (“VIE”), more commonly referred to as a special purpose entity (“SPE”). A VIE is an entity in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, and may include many types of SPEs. FIN 46R requires that an entity shall consolidate a VIE if that entity has a variable interest that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected losses if they occur, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns if they occur, or both. FIN 46R does not apply to certain qualifying SPEs (“QSPEs”), the accounting for which is governed by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financing Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities. FIN 46R is effective for newly created VIEs beginning January 1, 2004 and for existing VIEs as of the first reporting period beginning after March 15, 2004.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Effective January 1, 2004, the Company adopted FIN 46R for VIEs created after December 31, 2003 and for VIEs in which the Company obtained an interest after December 31, 2003. The Company adopted FIN 46R in the second quarter of 2004 for VIEs in which it holds a variable interest that it acquired on or before December 31, 2003.

 

The Company is involved with various entities in the normal course of business that are VIEs and hold variable interests in such VIEs. Transactions associated with these entities primarily include investment management, real estate and private equity investments. Those VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary were consolidated in the second quarter of 2004 in accordance with FIN 46R. Those VIEs include company sponsored venture capital investment vehicles established in connection with the Company’s compensation plans (Note 7).

 

The Company’s merchant banking activities consist of making private equity, venture capital and real estate investments on behalf of customers. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, in connection with its merchant banking activities, the net assets of entities for which the Company has a significant variable interest was approximately $148,398 and $96,733, respectively. The Company’s variable interests associated with these entities, consisting of investments, carried interest and management fees, were approximately $24,449 and $23,983 at such dates which represent the maximum exposure to loss, only if total assets declined 100% at December 31, 2003 and 2004. At December 31, 2004, the consolidated statement of financial condition included $21,013 of incremental assets relating to the consolidation of VIEs for such merchant banking activities in which the Company was deemed to be the primary beneficiary.

 

In connection with its Capital Markets and Other segment activities, the Company holds a significant variable interest in an entity with assets of $3,600 and liabilities of $15,800 at December 31, 2003 and with assets of $2,000 and liabilities of $14,600 at December 31, 2004. The Company’s variable interests associated with this entity, primarily paid-in-kind notes, were approximately $15,800 and $14,600 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. As the noteholders have sole recourse only to the underlying assets, the Company has no exposure to loss at December 31, 2003 and 2004. Also, as the Company is not the primary beneficiary, the entity has not been consolidated.

 

In connection with its Asset Management business, the Company was the asset manager and held a significant variable interest in a hedge fund, where the aggregate net assets at December 31, 2003 was approximately $8,222. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss at December 31, 2003 was $7,019. This fund was liquidated as of December 31, 2004.

 

In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 149 clarifies the circumstances under which a contract with an initial investment meets the characteristics of a derivative under SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 149 also amended other existing pronouncements to result in more consistent reporting of derivative contracts. This pronouncement is effective for all contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003. The Company adopted SFAS No. 149 as required, with no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2003, the FASB issued the SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS No. 150 requires that the issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability. The initial recognition of SFAS No. 150 applies

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

to financial instruments entered into or modified after May 2003, and otherwise is effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The Company’s classification of mandatorily redeemable preferred stock (Note 10) is in accordance with SFAS No. 150.

 

In December 2003, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 132R, Employers’ Disclosure about Pensions and Other Post-Retirement Benefits. The Statement requires additional disclosures to those in the original SFAS 132 about assets, obligations, cash flows and net periodic benefit costs of defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit post-retirement plans.

 

In March 2004, the EITF reached a final consensus on Issue 03-1, The Meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. EITF 03-1 requires that when the fair value of an investment security is less than its carrying value, an impairment exists for which the determination must be made as to whether the impairment is other-than-temporary. The EITF 03-1 impairment model applies to all investment securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities and to investment securities accounted for under the cost method to the extent an impairment indicator exists. Under the guidance, the determination of whether an impairment is other-than-temporary and therefore would result in a recognized loss depends on market conditions and management’s intent and ability to hold the securities with unrealized losses. Subsequent to its issuance, the FASB deferred certain provisions of EITF 03-1; however, the disclosure requirements remain effective. The adoption of EITF 03-1 did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations since the Company does not have any securities accounted for under SFAS No. 115.

 

4.    TRADING ACTIVITIES AND RELATED RISKS

 

The Company’s trading activities include providing securities brokerage and underwriting services. Trading activities are primarily related to proprietary positions taken by the Company based on expectations of future market movements and conditions as well as to facilitate client order flow.

 

Market Risk—Market risk is the potential change in an instrument’s value caused by fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity prices, or other risks. The level of market risk is influenced by the volatility and the liquidity in the markets in which financial instruments are traded.

 

The Company seeks to mitigate market risk associated with trading inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price, and spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging activities. The Company uses a combination of cash instruments and derivatives to hedge its market exposure. The following discussion describes the types of market risk faced by the Company.

 

Interest Rate Risk—Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of financial instruments, primarily the Company’s securities owned and securities sold but not yet purchased. The Company typically uses U.S. Treasury securities to manage interest rate risk relating to interest bearing deposits of non-U.S. banking operations as well as certain non-U.S. securities owned. The Company often hedges its interest rate risk by using interest rate swaps and forward rate agreements. Interest rate swaps generally involve the exchange of fixed and floating interest payment obligations without the exchange of the underlying principal amounts. Forward rate agreements are contracts under which two counterparties agree on the interest to be paid on a notional deposit of a specified maturity at a specific future settlement date with no exchange of principal.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Currency RiskCurrency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments. The Company uses currency forwards and options to manage currency risk. Exchange rate contracts include cross-currency swaps and foreign exchange forwards. Currency swaps are agreements to exchange future payments in one currency for payments in another currency. These agreements are used to transform the assets or liabilities denominated in different currencies. Foreign exchange forwards are contracts for delayed delivery of currency at a specified future date.

 

Equity Price Risk—Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities. The Company is subject to equity price risk primarily in securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased, as well as for equity swap contracts entered into for trading purposes.

 

Credit Risk—The Company is exposed to the risk of loss if an issuer or counterparty fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms and the collateral held, if any, is insufficient or worthless. Both cash instruments and derivatives expose the Company to this type of credit risk. The Company has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including establishing and reviewing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.

 

In the normal course of business, the Company executes, settles and finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of securities transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities by the Company that exposes the Company to default risk arising from the potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their obligations. In these situations, the Company may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations to other customers or counterparties. The Company seeks to control the risks associated with its customer margin activities by requiring customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal guidelines.

 

Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions (i.e., securities failed-to-receive) are recorded at the amount for which the securities were acquired and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities failed-to-receive, the Company may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek reimbursement for losses from the counterparty.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk—The Company’s exposure to credit risk associated with its trading and other activities is measured on the individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes. To reduce the potential for risk concentration, credit limits are established and monitored in light of changing counterparty and market conditions.

 

At December 31, 2003 and 2004, the Company’s most significant concentration of credit risk was with the U.S. Government and its agencies. This concentration consists of both direct and indirect exposures. Direct exposure primarily results from securities owned that are issued by the U.S. Government and its agencies. The Company’s indirect exposure results from maintaining U.S. Government and agency securities as collateral for resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions. The Company’s direct exposure on these transactions is with the counterparty; thus, the Company has credit exposure to the U.S. Government and its agencies only in the event of the counterparty’s default.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Trading and Non-Trading Derivatives—The Company enters into forward foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps and other trading contracts for trading purposes and non-trading derivative contracts, including forward foreign exchange rate contracts, interest rate swaps, cross- currency interest rate swaps and other derivative contracts to hedge exposures to interest rate and currency fluctuations. These trading and non-trading contracts are recorded at their fair values on the statements of financial condition. The related gains and losses on trading contracts are included in “trading gains and losses—net” on the consolidated statements of income. The Company’s hedging strategy is an integral part of its trading strategy, and therefore the related gains and losses on the Company’s hedging activities also are recorded in “trading gains and losses—net” on the consolidated statements of income.

 

The table below presents the fair values of the Company’s trading and non-trading derivatives as of December 31, 2003 and 2004:

 

     December 31,

     2003

   2004

Assets

             

Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

   $ 695    $ 377

Exchange rate contracts

     5      289
    

  

Total

   $ 700    $ 666
    

  

Liabilities

             

Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

   $ —      $ 1,124

Exchange rate contracts

     —        291
    

  

Total trading derivatives

     —        1,415
    

  

Non-Trading Derivatives:

             

Interest rate swap contracts

     3,222      3,204
    

  

Total

   $ 3,222    $ 4,619
    

  

 

Off-Balance Sheet Risks—The Company may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected on the consolidated financial statements for securities sold, not yet purchased, should the value of such securities rise.

 

For transactions in which the Company extends credit to others, the Company seeks to control the risks associated with these activities by requiring the counterparty to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and internal guidelines. Counterparties include customers who are generally institutional investors and brokers and dealers that are members of major exchanges. The Company monitors required margin levels daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, requests counterparties to deposit additional collateral or reduce securities positions when necessary.

 

It is the Company’s policy to take possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell. The Company monitors the market value of the assets acquired to ensure their adequacy as compared to the amount at which the securities will be subsequently resold, as specified in the respective agreements. The agreements provide that, where appropriate, the Company may require the delivery of additional collateral.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

In connection with securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company monitors the market value of assets delivered to ensure that the collateral value is not excessive as compared to the amount at which the securities will be subsequently repurchased.

 

5.    STRATEGIC ALLIANCE IN ITALY

 

In September 2002, the Company and Banca Intesa S.p.A. (“Intesa”) announced their agreement to form a strategic alliance (the “Strategic Alliance”). Pursuant to the terms of the Strategic Alliance, effective January 2003, Intesa became a 40% partner in the Company’s business in Italy (“Lazard Italy”), and the Company and Intesa agreed to work to grow the investment banking business in Italy. Lazard Italy is consolidated in the consolidated financial statements, with Intesa’s 40% share recorded as minority interest.

 

The initial term of the Strategic Alliance ends December 31, 2007, and, unless terminated by either of the parties in connection with the end of any term, will automatically extend for additional five-year terms. Both the Company and Intesa have the right to terminate the Strategic Alliance arrangement at the end of each five-year term or at any other time should certain defined events occur, such as changes in control involving either party, transfers of either party’s interest in Lazard Italy or the removal of the chairman of that business under certain circumstances.

 

In connection with the Strategic Alliance, Intesa became an economic partner of the Company through an aggregate financial investment of $300,000. The investments made by Intesa consist of (i) a March 2003 purchase from a subsidiary of the Company of a $150,000 Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note (the “Subordinated Convertible Note”), convertible into a contractual right that entitles the holder to receive payments that would be equivalent to those that a holder of a three percent equity goodwill interest (see Note 12) in the Company would be entitled to in certain fundamental events and (ii) $150,000 invested in Lazard Italy in June 2003, comprised of an investment of euro then equal to $100,000 for 40% of the capital stock in Lazard Italy and the purchase of a $50,000 Subordinated Promissory Note issued by Lazard Italy (the “Subordinated Promissory Note”). The Subordinated Promissory Note has a scheduled maturity date in the year 2078 (subject to extension), with interest payable annually at the rate of 3.0% per annum. The Subordinated Convertible Note, which is guaranteed by the Company, has a scheduled maturity date in the year 2018 and has interest payable annually at a variable interest rate of not less than 3%, and not more than 3.25%, per annum (with such annual interest rate for the years ending March 2004 and March 2005 being 3.0%). Under certain circumstances, including a termination of the Strategic Alliance, the Subordinated Convertible Note and the Subordinated Promissory Note could be redeemed earlier than its stated maturity, and in connection with a termination of the Strategic Alliance, the Company has the obligation to repurchase Intesa’s capital stock of Lazard Italy and the Subordinated Promissory Note and may be obligated to redeem the Subordinated Convertible Note at face value. The proceeds from the sale of capital stock in Lazard Italy exceeded the underlying book value of the net assets purchased by Intesa by approximately $55,000. This amount has been deferred and included in “other liabilities” on the consolidated statement of financial condition as Lazard Italy could be required to repurchase such amount of capital stock held by Intesa in the event of a termination of the Strategic Alliance.

 

The Company has provided financial advisory services to Intesa.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

6.    FORMATION OF LAM

 

On January 1, 2003, in connection with the formation of the Company’s LAM subsidiary, certain Members of the Company (the managing directors of LAM) who provide services to LAM exchanged their Members’ equity in the Company in the amount of $27,483 for membership interests in LAM of a like amount. As a result, these managing directors ceased being Members of the Company and became exclusively Members of LAM. Following the formation of LAM, the Company continues to control, and thereby consolidates, the operations of LAM with the membership interest held by the LAM managing directors included in “minority interest” on the consolidated statement of financial condition.

 

Pursuant to the formation of LAM, the LAM managing directors also were granted equity units in LAM. In addition, certain other key LAM employees were granted equity units in LAM. The LAM equity units entitle holders to payments only in connection with selected fundamental transactions affecting the Company or LAM, including a dissolution or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or LAM, a merger of or sale of all of the interests in LAM whereby the Company ceases to own a majority of, or have the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of LAM or a non-ordinary course sale of assets by LAM that exceeds $50,000 in value. As a general matter, in connection with a fundamental transaction that triggers the LAM equity units, the holders of the LAM equity units would be entitled in the aggregate to 21.75% of the net proceeds or imputed valuation of LAM in such a transaction after deductions for payment of creditors of LAM and the return of LAM capital, with the remaining 78.25% being retained by the Company. The LAM equity units are not entitled to share in the operating results of LAM. A separate class of interests in LAM is entitled to the ordinary profit and losses of LAM, all of which is owned by the Company. Accordingly, in the absence of a fundamental transaction that triggers the LAM equity units, all of LAM’s net income is allocable to the Company. The equity units granted to LAM managing directors are a part of the LAM managing directors’ membership interest in LAM, and, therefore, all transactions related to the equity units are treated as equity transactions among members. The equity units granted to LAM employees are considered to be compensation for financial accounting purposes. As a fundamental transaction has not yet been considered probable of occurrence, no compensation cost has been recognized to date. The Company has no current intention to cause or otherwise trigger a fundamental transaction that would give rise to payment obligations to the holders of interests in LAM.

 

Commencing in 2003, payments for services rendered by LAM managing directors and other key LAM employees were accounted for as minority interest expense on the consolidated statement of income. The substantial portion of such payments related to compensation of LAM managing directors, which, in prior years, had been accounted for as “distributions to Members” and, therefore, was not reported in prior years’ consolidated statements of income. Such amount was approximately $89,000 for the year ended December 31, 2002. The remainder of such payments, which related to compensation of employee members of LAM, was recorded as employee compensation and benefits expense in prior years’ consolidated statements of income.

 

On and after January 1, 2006, the board of directors of LAM (a majority of which are appointed by the Company) may, in its discretion, grant LAM equity interests that include profit rights to managing directors of, and other persons providing services to, LAM, as a portion of their ongoing compensation. If granted, these equity interests will be subject to specified vesting conditions with 50% of the equity interests vesting on the second anniversary of the date of issuance and the remaining 50% of the equity interests vesting on the third anniversary of the date of issuance.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

7.    EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

 

The Company, through its subsidiaries, provides certain retirement and other post-employment benefits to certain of its employees through defined contribution and defined benefit pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plans. The retirement and post-employment benefit plans costs incurred for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are included in “employee compensation and benefits” on the consolidated statements of income. The Company has the right to amend or terminate its benefit plans at any time subject to the terms of such plans. Expenses incurred related to the defined benefit pension plans amounted to $12,011, $20,319 and $21,609 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Expenses (benefits) incurred related to the defined benefit pension plan supplement amounted to $355, $418 and $(60) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Expenses (benefits) incurred related to the post-retirement health care plans amounted to $3,848, $5,007 and $(1,444) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

 

The Company also has an incentive compensation plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to which amounts are invested in a Company sponsored investment vehicle for certain key employees. The Company records expenses for the Plan on the dates on which capital calls from such vehicle are funded. Net costs related to the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 amounted to approximately $2,000, $2,000 and $100, respectively, and are included in “employee compensation and benefits” on the consolidated statements of income. At December 31, 2004, the Company had remaining commitments of approximately $9,400 under the Plan.

 

LFNY Pension and Post-Retirement Benefits—LFNY has two non-contributory defined benefit pension plans—the Employees’ Pension Plan (“EPP”), which provides benefits to substantially all employees based on certain averages of compensation, as defined, and the Employees’ Pension Plan Supplement (“EPPS”), which provides benefits to certain employees whose compensation exceeds a defined threshold. It is LFNY’s policy to fund EPP to meet the minimum funding standard as prescribed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”). At December 31, 2003 and 2004, the pension plan assets were invested in a portfolio consisting primarily of equity and fixed-income mutual fund investments managed by LAM. EPPS is a non-qualified supplemental plan and was unfunded at December 31, 2004. LFNY utilizes the “projected unit credit” actuarial method for financial reporting purposes.

 

LFNY also has a non-funded contributory post-retirement medical plan (the “Medical Plan”) covering substantially all of its employees. The Medical Plan pays stated percentages of most necessary medical expenses incurred by retirees, after subtracting payments by Medicare or other providers and after stated deductibles have been met. Participants become eligible for benefits if they retire from the Company after reaching age 62 and completing 10 years of service.

 

LFNY Defined Contribution Plan—LFNY sponsors a defined contribution plan, which covers substantially all of its employees. The Company historically has not matched employee contributions to the plan. On December 14, 2004, the plan was amended to provide for certain matching contributions by the Company as described below. LFNY also sponsors a profit sharing plan, which covers eligible Managing Directors of LFNY who are also Members of the Company. LFNY makes contributions to the profit sharing plan from funds that would have otherwise been distributable profits. As such, contributions to the profit sharing plan are included in “distributions and withdrawals to Members” on the consolidated statement of changes in Members’ equity.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Amendments to LFNY Employee Benefit Plans—On December 14, 2004, LFNY announced the following amendments to its defined benefit pension plan, defined benefit pension plan supplement, defined contribution plan and post-retirement medical plan, all of which will be implemented subsequent to December 31, 2004:

 

  Ÿ   LFNY Defined Benefit Pension Plan and Pension Plan Supplement—Effective as of January 31, 2005, the LFNY Employees’ Pension Plan and the Employees’ Pension Plan Supplement were amended to cease future benefit accruals and future participation. As a result of such amendment, active participants will continue to receive credit for service completed after January 31, 2005 for purposes of vesting; however, future service will not count for purposes of future benefit accruals under the plans. Vested benefits for active participants as of January 31, 2005 will be retained.

 

  Ÿ   LFNY Defined Contribution Plan—Effective January 1, 2005, the LFNY Defined Contribution Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) was amended to implement an employer match to participant pre-tax contributions. LFNY will match 100% of pre-tax contributions, excluding catch-up contributions, to the 401(k) Plan up to 4% of eligible compensation. Participants will be 100% vested in all employer-matching contributions after three years of service. Any service accrued prior to January 1, 2005 will count toward this three-year vesting requirement.

 

  Ÿ   LFNY Post-Retirement Medical Plan—Effective December 31, 2005, post-retirement health care benefits will no longer be offered to those Members and employees hired on or after the effective date and for those Members and employees hired before the effective date who attain the age of 40 after December 31, 2005. In addition, effective January 1, 2006, the cost sharing policy will change for those who qualify for the benefit.

 

LCH Pension and Post-Retirement Benefits—LCH also has two defined benefit pension plans and, in addition, makes contributions to personal pension plans for certain individuals. Each of the defined benefit plans has had a valuation by independent actuaries at December 31, 2003 and 2004, using the “projected unit funding” method.

 

LCH has a non-funded post-retirement medical plan, which is provided, at LCH’s discretion, to certain retired employees. The costs of private medical insurance are provided for these individuals, their spouses and eligible dependents.

 

Termination of LCH’s Post-Retirement Medical Plan—In April 2004, LCH announced a plan to terminate its Post-Retirement Medical Plan. As a result of such action, benefits available to eligible active employees and retirees will cease on February 28, 2007. In accordance with SFAS No. 106, Employers’ Accounting for Post-Retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions, the Company is recognizing the effect of such termination, which resulted in a reduction in the Company’s accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation of approximately $24,000, the effect of which reduced employee compensation and benefits expense by approximately $4,500 for the year ended December 31, 2004 and is expected to reduce employee compensation and benefits expense by approximately $9,000, $9,000 and $1,500 for the years ending December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

The following table summarizes LFNY’s and LCH’s benefit obligations, the fair value of the assets and the funded status at December 31, 2003:

 

     Pension
Plans


    Pension
Plan
Supplement


    Post-Retirement
Medical Plans


 

Change in benefit obligation

                        

Benefit obligation at January 1, 2003

   $ 384,484     $ 2,363     $ 38,625  

Service cost

     14,692       246       2,233  

Interest cost

     22,295       121       2,324  

Plan participants’ contributions

                        

Amendments

     1,723       (88 )        

Actuarial gain

     (3,955 )     (23 )     (620 )

Benefits paid

     (17,750 )     (333 )     (1,322 )

Curtailment gain

     (1,482 )                

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     39,662               2,613  
    


 


 


Benefit obligation at December 31, 2003

     439,669       2,286       43,853  
    


 


 


Change in plan assets

                        

Fair value of plan assets at January 1, 2003

     294,598                  

Actual return on plan assets

     36,748                  

Employer contribution

     25,294       333       1,322  

Plan participants’ contributions

                        

Benefits paid

     (17,750 )     (333 )     (1,322 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     32,494                  
    


 


 


Fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2003

     371,384       —         —    
    


 


 


Funded status

     (68,285 )     (2,286 )     (43,853 )

Unrecognized net transition (asset)/obligation

     (115 )                

Unrecognized net prior service cost

     (2,185 )     712          

Unrecognized net actuarial (gain)/loss

     80,141       (423 )     2,932  
    


 


 


Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost recognized on the consolidated statement of financial condition

   $ 9,556     $ (1,997 )   $ (40,921 )
    


 


 


Amounts recognized on the consolidated statement of financial condition consist of:

                        

Prepaid benefit cost (included in “other assets”)

   $ 11,857                  

Accrued benefit liability (included in “other liabilities”)

     (16,743 )   $ (1,997 )   $ (40,921 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     14,442                  
    


 


 


Net amount recognized

   $ 9,556     $ (1,997 )   $ (40,921 )
    


 


 


Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31, 2003:

 

Discount rate

     5.6%       6.3%       5.8%  

Rate of annual compensation increase

     3.8% - 6.3%       5.5%       N/A      

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for year ended December 31, 2003:

  

Discount rate

     5.6%       6.5%       6.0%  

Expected long-term return on plan assets

     7.4%       N/A           N/A      

Rate of annual compensation increase

     3.8% - 6.3%       5.5%       N/A      

 

        As of December 31, 2003, the fair value of plan assets and the accumulated benefit obligation within the LFNY plan was $31,178 and $30,373, respectively, and the fair value of plan assets and the accumulated benefit obligation within the LCH plan was $340,206 and $346,767, respectively.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

The following table summarizes LFNY’s and LCH’s benefit obligations, the fair value of the assets and the funded status at December 31, 2004:

 

     Pension
Plans


    Pension
Plan
Supplement


    Post-Retirement
Medical Plans


 

Change in benefit obligation

                        

Benefit obligation at January 1, 2004

   $ 439,669     $ 2,286     $ 43,853  

Service cost

     16,143       341       1,926  

Interest cost

     24,911       138       1,088  

Plan participants’ contributions

                     46  

Amendments

     5,292       41       (15,556 )

Actuarial loss

     27,869       72       442  

Benefits paid

     (17,061 )     (131 )     (1,342 )

Curtailment gain

     (5,759 )     (1,275 )        

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     34,373               1,974  
    


 


 


Benefit obligation at December 31, 2004

     525,437       1,472       32,431  
    


 


 


Change in plan assets

                        

Fair value of plan assets at January 1, 2004

     371,384                  

Actual return on plan assets

     33,951                  

Employer contribution

     13,024       131       1,296  

Plan participants’ contributions

                     46  

Benefits paid

     (17,061 )     (131 )     (1,342 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     29,361                  
    


 


 


Fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2004

     430,659       —         —    
    


 


 


                          

Funded status

     (94,778 )     (1,472 )     (32,431 )

Unrecognized net prior service cost

     (2,697 )             (11,068 )

Unrecognized net actuarial (gain)/loss

     98,056       (334 )     3,344  
    


 


 


Prepaid (accrued) benefit cost recognized on the consolidated statement of financial condition

   $ 581     $ (1,806 )   $ (40,155 )
    


 


 


Amounts recognized on the consolidated statement of financial condition consist of:

                        

Prepaid benefit cost (included in “other assets”)

   $ 7,099                  

Accrued benefit liability (included in “other liabilities”)

     (82,568 )   $ (1,806 )   $ (40,155 )

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     76,050                  
    


 


 


Net amount recognized

   $ 581     $ (1,806 )   $ (40,155 )
    


 


 


Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31, 2004:

 

Discount rate

     5.4%       6.0%       5.0%  

Rate of annual compensation increase

     3.8% - 6.3%       5.5%       N/A      

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for year ended December 31, 2004:

  

Discount rate

     5.8%       6.3%       5.3%  

Expected long-term return on plan assets

     7.4%       N/A           N/A      

Rate of annual compensation increase

     3.8% - 6.3%       5.5%       N/A      

 

        As of December 31, 2004, the fair value of plan assets and the accumulated benefit obligation within the LFNY plan was $34,919 and $34,703, respectively, and the fair value of plan assets and the accumulated benefit obligation within the LCH plan was $395,740 and $478,308, respectively.

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

In selecting the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the Company considered the average rate of earnings expected on the funds invested or to be invested to provide for the benefits of the plan. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on expected returns on different asset classes held by the plan in light of prevailing economic conditions as well as historic returns. This included considering the trusts’ asset allocation and the expected returns likely to be earned over the life of the plan. This basis is consistent with the prior year.

 

For measurement purposes, an 8.8% and 9.8% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits was assumed for the computation of the December 31, 2003 and 2004 benefit obligations, respectively. The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to 6.7% through 2006 and remain at that level thereafter.

 

The assumed cost of healthcare has an effect on the amounts reported for the firm’s post-retirement plans. A 1% change in the assumed healthcare cost trend rate would have the following effects:

 

     1% Increase

   1% Decrease

 
     2003

   2004

   2003

    2004

 

Cost

   $ 1,322    $ 899    $ (968 )   $ (652 )

Obligation

     10,586      1,176      (8,072 )     (988 )

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

The following table summarizes the components of benefit costs, return on plan assets, benefits paid and contributions for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 for LFNY and LCH:

 

     Pension
Plans


    Pension
Plan
Supplement


    Post-
Retirement
Medical
Plans


 

Year Ended December 31, 2002

                        

Components of net periodic benefit costs:

                        

Service cost

   $ 13,243     $ 265     $ 1,742  

Interest cost

     19,518       148       2,065  

Expected return on plan assets

     (22,950 )                

Amortization of transition (asset)/obligation

     (63 )                

Amortization of net:

                        

Prior service cost

     (301 )     96          

Recognized actuarial (gain) loss

     387       (46 )     41  
    


 


 


Net periodic benefit cost

     9,834       463       3,848  

Settlements

     2,177       (108 )        
    


 


 


Total benefit cost

   $ 12,011     $ 355     $ 3,848  
    


 


 


Actual return on plan assets

   $ (24,204 )                

Employer contribution

     24,341     $ 587     $ 975  

Plan participants’ contributions

                        

Benefits paid

     25,729       587       975  

Year Ended December 31, 2003

                        

Components of net periodic benefit costs:

                        

Service cost

   $ 14,692     $ 246     $ 2,233  

Interest cost

     22,295       121       2,324  

Expected return on plan assets

     (20,930 )                

Amortization of transition (asset)/obligation

     (13 )                

Amortization of net:

                        

Prior service cost

     (240 )     87          

Recognized actuarial (gain) loss

     4,515       (36 )     450  
    


 


 


Net periodic benefit cost

     20,319       418       5,007  

Settlements

                        
    


 


 


Total benefit cost

   $ 20,319     $ 418     $ 5,007  
    


 


 


Actual return on plan assets

   $ 36,749                  

Employer contribution

     25,294     $ 333     $ 1,285  

Plan participants’ contributions

                     37  

Benefits paid

     17,750       333       1,322  

Year Ended December 31, 2004

                        

Components of net periodic benefit costs:

                        

Service cost

   $ 16,998     $ 341     $ 1,926  

Interest cost

     25,373       138       1,088  

Expected return on plan assets

     (27,422 )                

Amortization of transition (asset)/obligation

     (116 )                

Amortization of net:

                        

Prior service cost

     532       87          

Recognized actuarial (gain) loss

     2,588       (17 )     30  
    


 


 


Net periodic benefit cost

     17,953       549       3,044  

Settlements (curtailments)

     3,656       (609 )     (4,488 )
    


 


 


Total benefit cost (benefit)

   $ 21,609     $ (60 )   $ (1,444 )
    


 


 


Actual return on plan assets

   $ 33,951                  

Employer contribution

     13,024     $ 131     $ 1,297  

Plan participants’ contributions

     —         —         46  

Benefits paid

     17,061       131       1,343  

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Expected Benefit Payments—The following table summarizes the expected benefit payments for each of the Company’s plans for the next five fiscal years and in the aggregate for the five fiscal years thereafter:

 

     Pension
Plans


   Pension Plan
Supplement


   Post-Retirement
Medical Plans


2005

   $ 16,289    $ 23    $ 1,302

2006

     17,587      26      1,348

2007

     18,469      35      438

2008

     19,283      40      446

2009

     20,093      43      472

2010-2014

     114,869      325      3,159

 

Plan Assets—The Company’s pension plan weighted-average asset allocations at December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2004 by asset category are as follows:

 

     Plan Assets at December 31

 
     2003

    2004

 

Asset Category

            

Equity Securities

   53 %   53 %

Debt Securities

   38     41  

Other

   9     6  
    

 

Total

   100 %   100 %
    

 

 

The “Other” asset category includes cash, annuities and accrued dividends.

 

Investment Policies and Strategies—The Company’s Employees’ Pension Trust—The primary investment goal is to ensure that the plan remains well funded, taking account of the likely future risks to investment returns and contributions. As a result, a portfolio of assets is maintained with appropriate liquidity and diversification that can be expected to generate long-term future returns that minimize the long-term costs of the pension plan without exposing the trust to an unacceptable risk of under funding. The Company’s likely future ability to pay such contributions as are required to maintain the funded status of the plan over a reasonable time period is considered when determining the level of risk that is appropriate.

 

Measurement Date—The measurement date for the Company’s employee benefit plans was December 31, 2004.

 

Cash Flows

 

Employer Contributions—The Company is expected to make a pension contribution during fiscal year 2005 in the amount of $7,300.

 

Employee Contributions—Employee pension contributions are neither required nor allowed.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

8.    BORROWINGS AND INDEBTEDNESS

 

Notes Payable—The Company’s principal notes payable at December 31, 2003 and 2004 are described below:

 

In May 2001, the Company issued $50,000 of Senior Notes due 2011 (the “Notes”). The Notes, which are unsecured obligations, bear interest at an annual rate of 7.53%. Under certain circumstances the interest rate could be increased to 8.03% if a rating downgrade were to occur, with the interest rate returning to 7.53% if a rating upgrade were to occur subsequent to a rating downgrade. A rating downgrade would be deemed to have occurred if the rating most recently assigned to the Notes by a designated rating agency is below investment grade. If, at any time after a rating downgrade has occurred the Notes are assigned a rating of at least investment grade by a designated rating agency, a rating upgrade would have been deemed to have occurred. The Notes are redeemable from time to time in whole or in part at the option of the Company, with payment of a make-whole amount, and the Company is required to offer to redeem the Notes upon a change of control. The proceeds from the Notes were used for general corporate purposes.

 

The remaining balance at December 31, 2003 and 2004 consists of overdrafts of $3,512 and $18,310, respectively, and borrowings under credit arrangements of approximately $4,399 and $2,467, respectively, at various interest rates ranging from approximately 3.0% to 8.6% per year, maturing through 2005. Of such arrangements, $3,067 and $1,535 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively, relates to a non-recourse term loan, which is collateralized solely by certain fixed assets and leasehold improvements of an equal amount.

 

The carrying value of borrowings described above approximates fair value.

 

Subordinated Loans—Subordinated loans at December 31, 2003 and 2004 amounted to $200,000 and consist of amounts due to Intesa in connection with the Strategic Alliance transaction in Italy (Note 5).

 

LFNY can borrow up to $150,000 of subordinated debt under a Revolving Credit Agreement, which, based on an approval obtained from LFNY’s regulators, qualifies as additional net capital. The interest rate on such borrowings is based upon the prevailing market rate on the dates issued. There were no borrowings outstanding under this agreement as of December 31, 2003 and 2004.

 

Debt maturities relating to notes payable and subordinated loans outstanding at December 31, 2004 for the five years in the period ending December 31, 2009 and thereafter are set forth below:

 

Year Ending December 31,


   Amount

2005

   $ 20,777

2006

    

2007

    

2008

    

2009

    

Thereafter

     250,000
    

     $ 270,777
    

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

In regard to notes payable and subordinated loans, as of December 31, 2004, the Company is in compliance with all obligations under its various borrowing arrangements.

 

Also see Note 10 below regarding the Company’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock.

 

9.    OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES

 

Other assets, at December 31, 2003 and 2004, primarily include prepaid pension assets, current and deferred tax assets, deferred expenses, advances and prepayments and deposits.

 

Other liabilities, at December 31, 2003 and 2004, primarily include pension and post-retirement medical plan liabilities, deferred income, current and deferred tax liabilities, deferred compensation, liabilities for certain lease commitments relating to abandoned leases (Note 11), accrued expenses and other payables. Additionally, the Company reclassified amounts principally related to tax liabilities from customer payables to other liabilities at December 31, 2003. This reclassification was to conform to the current year presentation.

 

No individual amount within other assets or other liabilities was greater than 5% of total assets or total liabilities.

 

10.    MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK

 

In 2001, the Company issued mandatorily redeemable preferred stock (“Class C Preferred Interests”) for an aggregate amount of $100,000. The Class C Preferred Interests are subject to mandatory redemption by the Company in March 2011 and, prior to such date, are redeemable in whole or in part, at the Company’s option. The Class C Preferred Interests are entitled to receive distributions out of the profits of the Company at a rate of 8% per annum, which distributions must be paid prior to any distributions of profits to holders of any other existing class of interests in the Company. Unpaid distributions on the Class C Preferred Interests accrue but are not compounded. Upon liquidation of the Company, the Class C Preferred Interests rank senior to Members’ equity. Interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred stock for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 of $8,000 per year is included in “interest expense” on the consolidated statements of income.

 

11.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Leases—The Company leases office space under non-cancelable lease agreements, which expire on various dates through 2022.

 

Occupancy lease agreements, in addition to base rentals, generally are subject to escalation provisions based on certain costs incurred by the landlord. Included in “premises and occupancy costs” on the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 is $39,520, $48,503 and $54,689, respectively, of rental expense relating to operating leases. The Company subleases office space under agreements, which expire on various dates through March 2013. Sublease income from such agreements was $2,208, $2,437 and $3,201 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

 

In June 2002, the Company determined that it would no longer utilize certain operating leases in the U.K., which were abandoned in April 2003. In accordance with EITF 88-10, Costs Associated with Lease Modification or Termination, the Company has recorded a liability for operating lease

 

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LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

commitments, which expire in 2008, that will continue to be incurred for the remaining term of the lease without substantive future use or benefit to the Company. The liability is based on the discounted future commitment net of expected sublease income. The liability approximated $39,000 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, and is included in “other liabilities” on the consolidated statements of financial condition. Approximately $25,000 was recorded as “premises and occupancy costs” on the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2002. During the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, due to the deterioration in the market for rentals relating to the abandoned lease and the resulting reduction in the expected sublease income, and increases in costs relating to the abandoned space, the Company recorded approximately $16,000 and $6,000 as “premises and occupancy costs” on the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

 

Capital lease obligations recorded under sale/leaseback transactions are payable through 2017 at a weighted average interest rate of approximately 6.2%. Such obligations are collateralized by certain assets with a net book value of approximately $109,400 and $114,024 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. The carrying value of capital lease obligations approximates fair value.

 

At December 31, 2004, minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases, net of sublease income, are approximately as follows:

 

Year Ending December 31


   Minimum Rental Commitments

         Capital      

         Operating      

2005

   $ 26,558    $ 50,145

2006

     2,885      48,218

2007

     2,885      46,138

2008

     2,885      44,789

2009

     2,885      43,625

Thereafter

     28,456      309,209
    

  

Total minimum lease payments

     66,554    $ 542,124
           

Less amount representing interest

     15,008       
    

      

Present value of capital lease commitments

   $ 51,546       
    

      

 

Other Commitments—At December 31, 2004, the Company has commitments for capital contributions of $14,031 to Company-sponsored investment funds through 2006 (including $9,400 in connection with the Company’s compensation plans – see Note 7) and for guaranteed compensation arrangements with advisors aggregating $1,644 through 2005. In addition, the Company has agreements relating to future minimum distributions to certain Members or compensation to certain employees of $62,801 and $8,128, respectively, through 2007 and 2009, respectively, incurred for the purpose of recruiting and retaining these senior professionals. The future minimum distributions relating to Members and employees are $36,364, $28,403, $5,180, $619 and $363 for the years ending December 31, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Such agreements are cancelable under certain circumstances. Payments to Members relating to these commitments have been accounted for as distributions from Members’ capital. Amounts relating to employees have been reflected as “employee compensation and benefits,” on the consolidated statements of income in the period such expenses are incurred. See Note 18 for information relating to a commitment made subsequent to December 31, 2004.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

The Company has various other contractual commitments arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the consummation of such commitments will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

Exchange/Clearinghouse Member Guarantees—The Company is a member of various U.S. and non-U.S. exchanges and clearinghouses that trade and clear securities or futures contracts. Associated with its membership, the Company may be required to pay a proportionate share of the financial obligations of another member who may default on its obligations to the exchange or the clearinghouse. To mitigate these performance risks, the exchanges and clearinghouses often require members to post collateral as well as meet minimum financial standards. While the rules governing different exchange or clearinghouse memberships vary, the Company’s guarantee obligations generally would arise only if the exchange or clearinghouse had previously exhausted its resources. In addition, any such guarantee obligation would be apportioned among the other non-defaulting members of the exchange or clearinghouse. Any potential contingent liability under these membership agreements cannot be estimated. The Company has not recorded any contingent liability in the consolidated financial statements for these agreements and believes that any potential requirement to make payments under these agreements is remote.

 

Legal—The Company’s businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation throughout the world. The Company is involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our businesses. Management believes, based on currently available information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition but might be material to its operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period. As of December 31, 2004, the Company has recorded an accrual for losses for one matter that was settled subsequent thereto.

 

The Company has received a letter from the NASD as part of what it understands to be an industry investigation relating to gifts and gratuities. In addition, the Company has received a subpoena from the SEC similarly seeking information concerning gifts and entertainment involving a mutual fund company. The Company believes that other broker-dealers have received similar subpoenas. The investigations primarily are focused on the capital markets business that will be part of the separated businesses. These investigations are in their early stages and the Company cannot predict their potential outcomes or estimate any potential loss or range of losses related to them. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded an accrual for losses related to any such judicial, regulatory or arbitration proceedings.

 

12.    MEMBERS’ EQUITY

 

Pursuant to the Company’s Operating Agreement, the Company allocates and distributes to its Members a substantial portion of its distributable profits in three monthly installments, as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal year. Such installment distributions usually begin in February. In addition, other periodic distributions to Members include, as applicable, capital withdrawals, fixed return on Members’ equity and income tax advances made on behalf of Members. Fixed return on Members’ equity includes (i) a fixed rate on Class C Preferred Interests of 8% per annum, (ii) a defined annual rate of return at the broker’s call rate for undistributed payments for services rendered, and (iii) a fixed rate of return of 6% per annum on all other capital excluding certain preferences of Members, as agreed to by all Members. The return on Class C Preferred Interests has been reflected in the consolidated statements of income as “interest expense” (see Note 10). The returns on capital (which, exclusive of the interest on mandatorily redeemable preferred stock, aggregated $19,677, $22,061 and

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

$23,991 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively) have been reflected as “distributions and withdrawals to Members” on the consolidated statements of changes in Members’ equity.

 

In addition, Members of the Company (other than in respect of their Class C Preferred Interests) also generally are entitled to participate in goodwill of the Company. The right to participate in goodwill represents the right to share (after payments or reserve for existing preferences of creditors, holders of the Class C Preferred Interests and the capital or capital equivalents of the Members) in the net proceeds of fundamental corporate events, such as a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or a disposition of a line of business. At December 31, 2004, the aggregate preferences of Members exceeds the amount shown on the consolidated statement of financial condition as Members’ equity by approximately $587,000. This amount consists of (i) amounts allocated to the historical partners in respect of the revaluation of the Company’s business as a result of the formation of the predecessor entity to Lazard Group in 1984, (ii) amounts allocated to Members in fiscal years 2002, 2003 and 2004 to reflect the value of additional intangibles not previously recognized in the capital accounts of Lazard Group prior to such years and (iii) the cumulative effect of other charges to Members’ equity reflected in the consolidated statement of financial condition (such as minimum pension liability adjustments) that were not charged to individual Members’ capital accounts. The amounts related to the revaluation and additional intangibles in clauses (i) and (ii) in the preceding sentence are not reflected in the consolidated statement of financial condition. These aggregate preferences, when added together with Members’ equity as shown on the consolidated statement of financial condition, equal the total amount of capital associated with the historical partner interest and working member interests.

 

13.    REGULATORY AUTHORITIES

 

LFNY is a U.S. registered broker-dealer and is subject to the net capital requirements of Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Under the alternative method permitted by this rule, the minimum required net capital, as defined, is 2% of aggregate debit items arising from customer transactions or $1,500, whichever is greater. LFNY’s regulatory net capital at December 2002, 2003 and 2004 was $74,875, $146,761 and $83,165, respectively, which exceeded the minimum requirement by $73,375, $145,261 and $81,665, respectively.

 

Certain U.K. subsidiaries of the Company, LCL, Lazard Brothers & Co., Limited, Lazard Fund Managers Limited, Lazard Asset Management Limited and in 2004, Lazard European Private Equity Partners LLP (the “U.K. Subsidiaries”) are regulated by the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”). At December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, the aggregate regulatory net capital of the U.K. subsidiaries was $308,515, $320,312 and $179,963, respectively, which exceeded the minimum requirement by approximately $170,083, $201,603 and $52,578, respectively.

 

The Financial Advisory activities of Lazard Frères SAS (“LF”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including LFB, are authorized by the Comité des Etablissements de Crédit et des Entreprises d’Investissement and are regulated by the Comité de la Réglementation Bancaire et Financière. Supervision is exercised by the Commission Bancaire, which is responsible, in liaison with the Banque de France, for ensuring compliance with the regulations. In this context LF has the status of a bank holding company (“Compagnie Financière”) and LFB is a registered bank (“Etablissement de Crédit”). In addition, the investment services activities of the Paris group, exercised through LFB and other subsidiaries, primarily LFG (asset management) and Fonds Partenaires Gestion (private equity, merchant banking), are subject to regulation and supervision by the Autorité des Marchés Financiers.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

At December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, the consolidated regulatory net capital of LF was $94,300, $137,800 and $149,000, respectively, which exceeded the minimum requirement set for regulatory capital levels by approximately $17,600, $45,000 and $49,000, respectively.

 

Certain other U.S. and non-U.S. subsidiaries are subject to various other capital adequacy requirements promulgated by various regulatory and exchange authorities in the countries in which they operate. At December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004, for those subsidiaries with regulatory capital requirements, aggregate net capital of those subsidiaries were $18,612, $28,125 and $26,126, respectively, which exceeded the minimum required capital by $7,508, $14,466 and $15,544, respectively.

 

At December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, each of these subsidiaries individually were in compliance with its regulatory requirements.

 

14.    INCOME TAXES

 

Income taxes reflected on the consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (“UBT”) attributable to the Company’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

The provisions for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 consist of:

 

     2002

    2003

   2004

 

Current expense:

                       

Foreign

   $ 43,018     $ 33,505    $ 23,750  

U.S. (UBT)

     2,421       5,070      4,665  
    


 

  


Total current

     45,439       38,575      28,415  
    


 

  


Deferred expense (benefit):

                       

Foreign

     (6,856 )     5,846      (40 )
    


 

  


Total deferred

     (6,856 )     5,846      (40 )
    


 

  


Total

   $ 38,583     $ 44,421    $ 28,375  
    


 

  


 

UBT attributable to certain Member distributions has been reimbursed by the Members under an agreement with the Company.

 

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rates is set forth below:

 

     2002

    2003

    2004

 

U.S. federal statutory income tax rate

   35.0 %   35.0 %   35.0 %

Rate benefit for U.S. partnership operations

   (35.0 )   (35.0 )   (35.0 )

Impact of Foreign operations

   9.6     10.1     6.6  

State and local (UBT)—net

   0.7     1.3     1.3  
    

 

 

Effective Income Tax Rate

   10.3 %   11.4 %   7.9 %
    

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. Such temporary differences are reflected in deferred tax assets and liabilities and are included in “other assets” and “other liabilities,” respectively, on the consolidated statements of financial condition.

 

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the level of historical taxable income, scheduled reversals of deferred taxes, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies that can be implemented by the Company in making this assessment. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, deferred tax assets of $60,278 and $88,007, respectively, have been offset by a valuation allowance primarily due to the uncertainty of realizing the benefit of certain foreign net operating loss carry-forwards. Considering the cumulative recent historical losses incurred in the U.K., there is uncertainty related to the potential for future taxable profits to be recognized in the U.K., and there are various limitations under U.K. tax law applied to carry-forward losses. Therefore, management has determined that it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2004, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries have net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $196,000, which may be carried forward indefinitely, subject to various limitations on use which affect the ability to apply such loss carry-forwards to future taxable profits.

 

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2003 and 2004 are as follows:

 

     2003

    2004

 

Deferred Tax Assets:

                

Compensation and benefits

   $ 2,483     $ 5,308  

Pensions

     7,411       15,919  

Depreciation and amortization

     878       17  

Other

     1,669       6,409  

Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards

     47,837       64,672  
    


 


Gross deferred tax assets

     60,278       92,325  

Valuation allowance

     (60,278 )     (88,007 )
    


 


Total deferred tax assets (net of valuation allowance)

   $ —       $ 4,318  
    


 


Deferred Tax Liabilities:

                

Compensation and benefits

   $ 1,085     $ —    

Unrealized gains on long-term investments

     4,924       3,998  

Other

     —         40  

Depreciation and amortization

     15,760       21,158  
    


 


Total deferred tax liabilities

   $ 21,769     $ 25,196  
    


 


 

15.    SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS

 

The Company’s reportable segments offer different products and services and are managed separately as different levels and types of expertise are required to effectively manage the segments’ transactions. Each segment is reviewed to determine the allocation of resources and to assess its

 

F-34


Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

performance. In reporting to management, the Company’s business results are categorized into the following three segments: Financial Advisory, Asset Management and Capital Markets and Other. Financial Advisory includes providing advice on mergers, acquisitions, restructurings and other financial matters. Asset Management includes the management of equity and fixed income securities and merchant banking funds. Capital Markets and Other consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, merchant banking fund management activities outside of France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities. In addition, the Company records selected other activities in Corporate, including cash and marketable investments, certain long-term investments, and LFB. LFB is a registered bank regulated by the Banque de France. LFB’s primary operations include commercial banking, the management of the treasury positions of the Company’s Paris House through its money market desk and, to a lesser extent, credit activities relating to securing loans granted to clients of LFG and custodial oversight over assets of various clients. In addition, LFB also operates many support functions of the Paris House. The Company also allocates outstanding indebtedness to Corporate.

 

The accounting policies of the segments are consistent with those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 2.

 

The Company’s segment information for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 is prepared using the following methodology:

 

  Ÿ   Revenue and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining operating income.

 

  Ÿ   Expenses not directly associated with specific segments are allocated based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount, square footage and other factors.

 

  Ÿ   Segment assets are based on those directly associated with each segment, and include an allocation of certain assets relating to various segments, based on the most relevant measures applicable, including headcount, square footage and other factors.

 

The Company allocates trading gains and losses, investment gains and losses, interest income and interest expense among the various segments based on the segment in which the underlying asset or liability is reported.

 

Each segment’s operating expenses include (i) employee compensation and benefits expenses that are incurred directly in support of the businesses and (ii) other operating expenses, which include directly incurred expenses for premises and occupancy, professional fees, travel and entertainment, communications and information services, equipment and indirect support costs (including compensation and other operating expenses related thereto) for administrative services. Such administrative services include, but are not limited to, accounting, tax, legal, facilities management and senior management activities.

 

The Company evaluates segment results based on net revenue and operating income.

 

There were no clients for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 that individually constituted more than 10% of total revenue.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

Management believes that the following information provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to net revenue, operating expenses, operating income and total assets. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the manner of presentation in the current year.

 

          As of or for the Year Ended December 31,

 
          2002

   2003

    2004

 

Financial Advisory

   Net Revenue    $ 532,896    $ 690,967     $ 655,200  
     Operating Expenses (a)      330,802      380,250       443,682  
         

  


 


     Operating Income    $ 202,094    $ 310,717     $ 211,518  
         

  


 


     Total Assets    $ 222,653    $ 339,454     $ 380,331  
         

  


 


Asset Management

   Net Revenue    $ 454,683    $ 350,348     $ 417,166  
     Operating Expenses (a)      298,617      239,888       282,029  
         

  


 


     Operating Income    $ 156,066    $ 110,460     $ 135,137  
         

  


 


     Total Assets    $ 252,629    $ 198,692     $ 245,449  
         

  


 


Capital Markets and Other

   Net Revenue    $ 174,309    $ 135,534     $ 188,100  
     Operating Expenses (a)      158,411      182,195       192,471  
         

  


 


     Operating Income (Loss)    $ 15,898    $ (46,661 )   $ (4,371 )
         

  


 


     Total Assets    $ 1,037,493    $ 1,422,758     $ 1,488,675  
         

  


 


Corporate

   Net Revenue    $ 4,391    $ 6,535     $ 13,839  
     Operating Expenses (a)      2,404      (8,303 )     (1,639 )
         

  


 


     Operating Income    $ 1,987    $ 14,838     $ 15,478  
         

  


 


     Total Assets    $ 947,950    $ 1,296,325     $ 1,384,769  
         

  


 


Total

   Net Revenue    $ 1,166,279    $ 1,183,384     $ 1,274,305  
     Operating Expenses (a)      790,234      794,030       916,543  
         

  


 


     Operating Income    $ 376,045    $ 389,354     $ 357,762  
         

  


 


     Total Assets    $ 2,460,725    $ 3,257,229     $ 3,499,224  
         

  


 



(a) Operating expenses include depreciation and amortization as set forth in table below.

 

     Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

   2004

Financial Advisory

   $ 4,138    $ 5,686    $ 4,792

Asset Management

     4,475      1,638      1,871

Capital Markets and Other

     434      2,082      2,295

Corporate

     3,109      4,588      7,980
    

  

  

Total

   $ 12,156    $ 13,994    $ 16,938
    

  

  

 

Geographic Information

 

Due to the highly integrated nature of international financial markets, the Company manages its business based on the profitability of the enterprise as a whole. The Company’s revenue and identifiable assets are generally allocated based on the country or domicile of the legal entity providing the service.

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

The following table sets forth the net revenue and identifiable assets of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries by geographic region allocated on the basis described above.

 

     As of or for the Year Ended December 31,

     2002

   2003

   2004

Net Revenue:

                    

North America

   $ 652,090    $ 675,223    $ 675,736

United Kingdom

     189,426      136,599      212,522

France

     169,053      164,669      188,507

Other Western Europe

     118,567      178,424      175,065

Rest of World

     37,143      28,469      22,475
    

  

  

Total

   $ 1,166,279    $ 1,183,384    $ 1,274,305
    

  

  

Identifiable Assets:

                    

North America

   $ 1,085,657    $ 1,763,544    $ 1,804,346

United Kingdom

     358,212      330,461      396,873

France

     874,818      942,930      1,082,432

Other Western Europe

     119,416      194,250      182,144

Rest of World

     22,622      26,044      33,429
    

  

  

Total

   $ 2,460,725    $ 3,257,229    $ 3,499,224
    

  

  

 

16.    PANMURE GORDON—ASSET ACQUISITION

 

In January 2004, a subsidiary of the Company acquired certain assets, net of certain liabilities, of West LB Panmure Limited, an unrelated entity in the U.K. Subsequent to the acquisition, the acquired business became part of the Company’s Capital Markets and Other segment, operating as Panmure Gordon, a division of LCL. Panmure Gordon provides clients with corporate finance advisory services, corporate broking capabilities and equity sales and trading. The total purchase price allocated to the net assets of the business acquired was $1,580 related to legal costs incurred to complete the transaction. The fair value of the net assets acquired over the purchase price of those net assets amounted to $5,658. In accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, the Company recognized an extraordinary gain of $5,507 after reducing long-lived assets principally representing property to $0. See Note 18 for further information relating to Panmure Gordon.

 

17.    FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

 

The majority of the Company’s assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value or at amounts that approximate fair value. Such assets and liabilities include: cash and cash equivalents, cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes, marketable investments and long-term investments, securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, securities owned and securities sold, not yet purchased, swaps and other contractual agreements, receivables and payables, and other short-term borrowings and payables (also see discussion in Note 2).

 

The fair value of certain of the Company’s other assets and liabilities are disclosed below.

 

Subordinated Loans—The Company’s subordinated loans are recorded at historical amounts. The fair value of the Company’s subordinated loans was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

on the Company’s current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. At December 31, 2004, the carrying value of the Company’s subordinated loans approximated fair value.

 

Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Stock—The Company’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock is recorded at $100,000 which approximates fair value. The fair value was estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on the Company’s current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements and the Company’s ability to redeem the preferred stock at its option. At December 31, 2003 and 2004, the estimated fair value of the Company’s mandatorily redeemable preferred stock approximated the carrying value.

 

18.    SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 

Initial Public OfferingIt is currently contemplated that the Company will cause Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda company, to proceed with an initial public offering involving a portion of the Company’s business as well as certain additional financing transactions. The historical consolidated financial statements reflect the historical results of operations and financial position of the Company, including the separated businesses, for all years presented. Accordingly, the historical financial statements do not reflect what the results of operations and financial position of Lazard Ltd or the Company would have been had these companies been stand-alone, public companies for the years presented. Specifically, the historical results of operations do not give effect to the following matters:

 

  Ÿ   The separation of the Company’s Capital Markets and Other activities, which consists of equity, fixed income and convertibles sales and trading, broking, research and underwriting services, merchant banking fund management activities outside of France and specified non-operating assets and liabilities.

 

  Ÿ   Payment for services rendered by the Company’s managing directors, which, as a result of the Company operating as a limited liability company, historically has been accounted for as distributions from members’ capital, or in some cases as minority interest, rather than as compensation and benefits expense. As a result, the Company’s operating income historically has not reflected payments for services rendered by its managing directors. After this offering, Lazard Ltd will include all payments for services rendered by its managing directors in compensation and benefits expense.

 

  Ÿ   U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Company has operated in the U.S. as a limited liability company that was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Company’s income has not been subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Outside the U.S., the Company historically has operated principally through subsidiary corporations and has been subject to local income taxes. Income taxes shown on the Company’s historical consolidated statements of income are attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities and to UBT attributable to the Company’s operations apportioned to New York City.

 

In addition, the business alliance agreement to be entered into between the Company and LFCM Holdings LLC, a newly-formed Delaware limited liability company that will hold the business to be separated from Lazard Group in connection with the initial public offering, or “LFCM Holdings,” will grant the Company the option to acquire the North American and European fund management activities of Lazard Alternative Investments Holdings LLC (“LAI”), the subsidiary of LFCM Holdings that will own and operate all of LFCM Holdings’ merchant banking activities, exercisable at any time prior to

 

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Table of Contents

LAZARD LLC

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

(dollars in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

 

the ninth anniversary of the consummation of this offering for a total price of $10,000. The option may be exercised by Lazard Group in two parts, consisting of an $8,000 option to purchase the North American merchant banking activities and a $2,000 option to purchase the European merchant banking activities. LAI’s merchant banking activities initially will consist of the merchant banking management and general partner entities, together with the Company’s direct investments in related funds, that were transferred to LFCM Holdings pursuant to or in anticipation of the separation.

 

On February 25, 2005, Lazard Group formed a new private equity fund, Corporate Partners II Limited, with $1 billion of institutional capital commitments and a $100 million capital commitment from Lazard Group through 2010. Pursuant to the master separation and business alliance agreements, following the completion of the separation, this fund will be managed by a subsidiary of LFCM Holdings, and Lazard Group will retain a capital commitment to the fund and will be entitled to receive the carried interest distributions made by the fund (other than the carried interest distributions made to investment professionals who manage the fund).

 

The business alliance agreement will provide the Company with certain governance rights with respect to LAI and provide for support by LFCM Holdings of the business of LAI. With respect to historic investments and funds transferred to LFCM Holdings as part of the separation, profits realized prior to the option exercise would be for the account of LFCM Holdings whereas profits realized after the exercise of the option would be for the account of Lazard Group. Lazard Group intends to invest capital in future funds to be managed by LFCM Holdings’ subsidiaries and will be entitled to receive incentive fee payments from such funds, as well as profits related to such investments, if any, irrespective of whether it exercises its purchase option.

 

If the initial public offering and additional financing transactions are consummated, the Company intends to use the net proceeds primarily to (i) redeem membership interests held by the historical partners based on their total capital, including preferences (Note 12), (ii) capitalize the separated businesses, and (iii) repay the 7.53% Senior Notes due 2011 in aggregate principal amount of $50,000 (Note 8).

 

Panmure Gordon— On February 1, 2005, Lazard Group announced that it had entered into a non-binding memorandum of understanding with Durlacher Corporation PLC, an unaffiliated U.K. broking firm focused on the small and mid cap sector, for the acquisition by Durlacher of Panmure Gordon. The Company expects that if consummated, the combined company would be owned one-third by former Durlacher stockholders, one-third by the Company (or upon completion of the separation, LFCM Holdings) and one-third by the employees of the combined company. The transaction is subject to entry into definitive agreements and customary closing conditions, including approval of the Durlacher stockholders. Pursuant to the terms of a letter agreement, Lazard Group and LFCM Holdings will share any cash proceeds to be derived from the sale of Panmure Gordon to Durlacher if the separation is completed and such sale occurs within six months of the date of the letter agreement.

 

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Table of Contents

No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the units offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

Prospectus Summary

   1

Risk Factors

   36

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

   66

The Separation and Recapitalization Transactions and the Lazard Organizational Structure

   67

Use of Proceeds

   77

Dividend Policy

   78

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

   79

Dilution

   80

Capitalization

   82

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

   83

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

   85

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   96

Business

   134

Management

   150

Principal Stockholders

   168

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

   170

Lazard Group Finance

   186

Accounting Treatment

   186

Description of the Equity Security Units

   188

Description of the Senior Notes

   207

Global Clearance and Settlement

   217

Description of Capital Stock

   221

Description of Indebtedness

   232

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations

   234

ERISA Considerations

   249

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

   251

Underwriting

   253

Legal Matters

   257

Experts

   257

Where You Can Find More Information

   257

Index to Financial Statements

   F-1

 


 

Through and including                     , 2005 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.

 



 

10,000,000 Units

 

Lazard Ltd

 

         % Equity Security Units

 


 

LOGO

 


 

 

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

Citigroup

Lazard

Merrill Lynch & Co.

Morgan Stanley

Credit Suisse First Boston

JPMorgan

 

 

 



Table of Contents

PART II

 

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

 

The following table sets forth the estimated costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, payable by Lazard Ltd (“Lazard”) and Lazard Group Finance LLC (“Lazard Group Finance” and, together with Lazard, the “Registrants”) in connection with the sale of the equity security units being registered, all of which will be paid by the Registrants:

 

     Amount

SEC registration fee

   $ 67,678

New York Stock Exchange listing fee

     83,000

National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. filing fee

     58,000

Printing and engraving expenses

     600,000

Legal fees and expenses

     550,000

Accounting fees and expenses

     224,000

Blue sky fees and expenses

     15,000

Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses

     8,000

Miscellaneous

     44,332
    

Total

   $ 1,650,000
    


* To be filed by amendment.

 

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

 

The bye-laws of Lazard provide for indemnification of Lazard’s officers and directors against all liabilities, loss, damage or expense incurred or suffered by such party as an officer or director of Lazard; provided that such indemnification shall not extend to any matter which would render it void pursuant to the Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda (the “Companies Act”).

 

The Companies Act provides that a Bermuda company may indemnify its directors and officers in respect of any loss arising or liability attaching to them as a result of any negligence, default or breach of trust of which they may be guilty in relation to the company in question. However, the Companies Act also provides that any provision, whether contained in the company’s bye-laws or in a contract or arrangement between the company and the director or officer, indemnifying a director or officer against any liability which would attach to him or her in respect of his fraud or dishonesty will be void.

 

The operating agreement of Lazard Group Finance provides that Lazard Group Finance shall indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any of its members, managing members, directors, officers or managers made, or threatened to be made a party to an action, suit, appeal or other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person or, such person’s testator or intestate is or was a member, director, officer or manager of Lazard Group Finance.

 

The directors and officers of the Registrants are covered by directors’ and officers’ insurance policies maintained by Lazard.

 

The proposed form of underwriting agreement to be filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement provides for indemnification of directors and certain officers of the Registrants by the underwriters against certain liabilities.

 

II-1


Table of Contents

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

 

On November 1, 2004, Lazard issued 12,000 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, 11,880 of which were issued to Lazard Frères & Co. LLC and 120 of which were issued to Lazard Holdings, Inc. In the opinion of the Registrants, this transaction was exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof in that such transaction did not involve any public offering.

 

Concurrently with this offering, Lazard LLC intends to privately place $650 million aggregate principal amount of           % senior notes due 2015. The completion of that offering will be conditioned upon the completion of this offering and the equity public offering. In the opinion of the Registrants, this transaction is exempt from registration under Rule 144A of the Securities Act.

 

As part of the additional financing transactions, Lazard has entered into an investment agreement with IXIS—Corporate & Investment Bank, or “IXIS.” Under the investment agreement, IXIS has agreed to purchase an aggregate of $200 million of Lazard’s securities concurrently with this offering, $150 million of which will be securities that are the same as the equity security units and $50 million of which will be shares of Lazard’s common stock. The price per security to be paid by IXIS will be equal to the initial public offering price in a registered public offering of securities or the price offered to qualified institutional investors in a private placement of securities, as the case may be. With respect to the equity security units issued to IXIS, IXIS or one of its affiliates will receive underwriting fees or commissions equal in percentage terms to those paid to the underwriters for the public offering or private placement of these securities. In the opinion of the Registrants, this transaction is exempt from registration under the Securities Act under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation S promulgated thereunder.

 

Lazard intends to offer to redeem Lazard LLC Class B-1 interests from the principal executive officer of Lazard LLC in exchange for shares of Lazard’s common stock. This holder will be entitled to receive the number of shares of Lazard’s common stock (valued at the price per share in this offering) equal in value to the aggregate price that such holder would have been able to receive in cash for such redemption. The exchange of Class B-1 interests shall be effected by the holder contributing such interests to a newly formed corporation, and then exchanging the shares of that corporation with Lazard for shares of Lazard’s common stock. In the opinion of the Registrants, this transaction is exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

 

II-2


Table of Contents

Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


1.1     

Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the equity public offering of Lazard Ltd.†

1.2     

Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the equity security units offering of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC.

2.1     

Form of Master Separation Agreement.†

2.2     

Class B-1 and Class C Members Transaction Agreement.**

3.1     

Certificate of Incorporation and Memorandum of Association of Lazard Ltd.****

3.2     

Certificate of Incorporation in Change of Name of Lazard Ltd.****

3.3     

Form of Amended and Restated Bye-laws of Lazard Ltd.†

3.4     

Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group Finance LLC.*

3.5     

Form of Lazard Group Finance LLC Operating Agreement.†††

4.1     

Form of Specimen Certificate for Class A common stock.†

4.2     

Form of Indenture of Lazard Group Finance LLC.

4.3     

Form of First Supplemental Indenture to the Indenture relating to the Lazard Group Finance LLC senior notes.†††

4.4     

Form of Purchase Contract Agreement relating to the Lazard Ltd purchase contracts, which are components of the Lazard Ltd equity security units.

4.5     

Form of Pledge Agreement relating to the Lazard Group Finance LLC senior notes, which are components of the Lazard Ltd equity security units.

4.6     

Form of Pledge Agreement relating to the Lazard Group notes.

4.7     

Form of Normal Equity Security Units Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.4).

4.8     

Form of Stripped Equity Security Units Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.4).

4.9     

Form of Senior Note (included in Exhibit 4.3).

5.1     

Form of Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda.

8.1     

Form of Accuracy Opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz.

8.2     

Form of Debt Opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz.

8.3     

Form of Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda (included in Exhibit 5.1).

10.1     

Form of the LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.****

10.2     

Form of Lazard Group Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement.****

10.3     

Form of Tax Receivable Agreement.††

10.4     

Form of Employee Benefits Agreement.††

10.5     

Form of Insurance Matters Agreement.****

10.6     

Form of Lazard License Agreement.****

10.7     

Form of Administrative Services Agreement.****

10.8     

Form of Business Alliance Agreement.****

10.9     

First Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Lazard Asset Management LLC, dated as of January 10, 2003.***

10.10   

Master Transaction and Relationship Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2003, by and among Banca Intesa S.p.A., Lazard LLC and Lazard & Co. S.r.l.***

10.11   

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2003, by and among Lazard Funding LLC, Lazard LLC and Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

10.12   

$150 Million Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note due 2018, issued by Lazard Funding LLC to Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

 

II-3


Table of Contents
Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


10.13   

$50 Million Subordinated Non-Transferable Promissory Note due 2078, issued by Lazard & Co. S.r.l. to Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

10.14   

Guaranty of Lazard LLC to Banca Intesa S.p.A., dated as of March 26, 2003.**

10.15   

Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Lazard Strategic Coordination Company LLC, dated as of January 1, 2002.***

10.16   

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2001, by and between Lazard Funding Limited LLC, Lazard LLC, and the purchasers thereto.***

10.17   

Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 27, 2003, to the Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2001, by and between Lazard Funding Limited LLC, Lazard LLC and the purchasers thereto.***

10.18   

Lease, dated as of January 27, 1994, by and between Rockefeller Center Properties and Lazard Frères & Co.***

10.19   

Lease with an Option to Purchase, dated as of July 11, 1990, by and between Sicomibail and Finabail and SCI du 121 Boulevard Hausmann (English translation).***

10.20   

Occupational Lease, dated as of August 9, 2002, Burford (Stratton) Nominee 1 Limited, Burford (Stratton) Nominee 2 Limited, Burford (Stratton) Limited, Lazard & Co., Limited and Lazard LLC.***

10.21   

2005 Equity Incentive Plan.****

10.22   

2005 Bonus Plan.****

10.23   

Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants between Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group LLC and Bruce Wasserstein.†

10.24   

Form of Agreement relating to Reorganization of Lazard by and between Lazard LLC and Bruce Wasserstein.†

10.25   

Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants between Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group LLC and Steven J. Golub.†

10.26   

Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants applicable to, and related Schedule I, for each of Michael J. Castellano, Scott D. Hoffman and Charles G. Ward III.†

10.27   

Form of Agreements relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants.†

10.28   

Form of Amended and Restated Letter Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2004, between Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. and Lazard Frères & Co. LLC.††

10.29   

Letter Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2005, from IXIS Corporate and Investment Bank to Lazard LLC and Lazard Ltd.****

10.30   

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, by and among Lazard Group Finance LLC, Lazard, Lazard LLC and IXIS Corporate and Investment Bank.****

12.1   

Condensed Financial Information of Lazard LLC for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004.*

12.2   

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.*

21.1   

List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd.

21.2   

List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Group Finance LLC.

23.1   

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.

23.2   

Consent of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda.

23.3   

Consent of Bruce Wasserstein to be named as a director nominee.*

23.4   

Consent of Robert Charles Clark to be named as a director nominee.

 

II-4


Table of Contents
Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


23.5   

Consent of Ellis Jones to be named as a director nominee.

23.6   

Consent of Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. to be named as a director nominee.

23.7   

Consent of Anthony Orsatelli to be named as a director nominee.

23.8   

Consent of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz (included in Exhibit 8.1).

23.9   

Consent of Appleby Spurling Hunter.†††

24.1   

Powers of Attorney.*

24.2   

Power of Attorney for Bruce Wasserstein.


* Previously filed.
** Incorporated by reference to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on December 17, 2004, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
*** Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 1 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on February 11, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
**** Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 2 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on March 21, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 3 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on April 11, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
†† Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 4 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on April 18, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
††† To be filed by amendment.

 

Item 17. Undertakings

 

(i) The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the Underwriting Agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

(ii) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrants pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrants have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrants of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of either of the Registrants in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrants will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

(iii) The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake that:

 

(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrants pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or

 

II-5


Table of Contents

497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

 

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

II-6


Table of Contents

Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Lazard Ltd has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on April 18, 2005.

 

LAZARD LTD

By:

    /s/ Bruce Wasserstein
   
    Name: Bruce Wasserstein
    Title:    Chief Executive Officer

 

Power of Attorney

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/ Bruce Wasserstein


Bruce Wasserstein

   Director and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)   April 18, 2005

/s/ Steven J. Golub


Steven J. Golub

   Director and President   April 18, 2005

/s/ Michael J. Castellano


Michael J. Castellano

   Director and Vice President (principal financial and accounting officer)   April 18, 2005

/s/ Scott D. Hoffman


Scott D. Hoffman

  

Director and Vice President

  April 18, 2005

 

II-7


Table of Contents

Signatures

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Lazard Group Finance LLC has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on April 18, 2005.

 

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

By:

   /s/ Steven J. Golub
   
    Name: Steven J. Golub
    Title:    President

 

Power of Attorney

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Signature


  

Title


 

Date


/s/ Steven J. Golub


Steven J. Golub

  

Director and President

(principal executive officer)

  April 18, 2005

/s/ Michael J. Castellano


Michael J. Castellano

   Director and Vice President (principal financial and accounting officer)   April 18, 2005

/s/ Scott D. Hoffman


Scott D. Hoffman

  

Director and Vice President

  April 18, 2005

 

II-8


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


1.1     

Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the equity public offering of Lazard Ltd.†

1.2     

Form of Underwriting Agreement relating to the equity security units offering of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC.

2.1     

Form of Master Separation Agreement.†

2.2     

Class B-1 and Class C Members Transaction Agreement.**

3.1     

Certificate of Incorporation and Memorandum of Association of Lazard Ltd.****

3.2     

Certificate of Incorporation in Change of Name of Lazard Ltd.****

3.3     

Form of Amended and Restated Bye-laws of Lazard Ltd.†

3.4     

Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group Finance LLC.*

3.5     

Form of Lazard Group Finance LLC Operating Agreement.†††

4.1     

Form of Specimen Certificate for Class A common stock.†

4.2     

Form of Indenture of Lazard Group Finance LLC.

4.3     

Form of First Supplemental Indenture to the Indenture relating to the Lazard Group Finance LLC senior notes.†††

4.4     

Form of Purchase Contract Agreement relating to the Lazard Ltd purchase contracts, which are components of the Lazard Ltd equity security units.

4.5     

Form of Pledge Agreement relating to the Lazard Group Finance LLC senior notes, which are components of the Lazard Ltd equity security units.

4.6     

Form of Pledge Agreement relating to the Lazard Group notes.

4.7     

Form of Normal Equity Security Units Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.4).

4.8     

Form of Stripped Equity Security Units Certificate (included in Exhibit 4.4).

4.9     

Form of Senior Note (included in Exhibit 4.3).

5.1     

Form of Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda.

8.1     

Form of Opinion Accuracy of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz.

8.2     

Form of Debt Opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz.

8.3     

Form of Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda (included in Exhibit 5.1).

10.1     

Form of the LAZ-MD Holdings Stockholders’ Agreement.****

10.2     

Form of Lazard Group Fourth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement.****

10.3     

Form of Tax Receivable Agreement.††

10.4     

Form of Employee Benefits Agreement.††

10.5     

Form of Insurance Matters Agreement.****

10.6     

Form of Lazard License Agreement.****

10.7     

Form of Administrative Services Agreement.****

10.8     

Form of Business Alliance Agreement.****

10.9     

First Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Lazard Asset Management LLC, dated as of January 10, 2003.***

10.10   

Master Transaction and Relationship Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2003, by and among Banca Intesa S.p.A., Lazard LLC and Lazard & Co. S.r.l.***

10.11   

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2003, by and among Lazard Funding LLC, Lazard LLC and Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

10.12   

$150 Million Subordinated Convertible Promissory Note due 2018, issued by Lazard Funding LLC to Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

 

II-9


Table of Contents
Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


10.13   

$50 Million Subordinated Non-Transferable Promissory Note due 2078, issued by Lazard & Co. S.r.l. to Banca Intesa S.p.A.***

10.14   

Guaranty of Lazard LLC to Banca Intesa S.p.A., dated as of March 26, 2003.**

10.15   

Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of Lazard Strategic Coordination Company LLC, dated as of January 1, 2002.***

10.16   

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2001, by and between Lazard Funding Limited LLC, Lazard LLC, and the purchasers thereto.***

10.17   

Amendment No. 1, dated as of August 27, 2003, to the Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 11, 2001, by and between Lazard Funding Limited LLC, Lazard LLC and the purchasers thereto.***

10.18   

Lease, dated as of January 27, 1994, by and between Rockefeller Center Properties and Lazard Frères & Co.***

10.19   

Lease with an Option to Purchase, dated as of July 11, 1990, by and between Sicomibail and Finabail and SCI du 121 Boulevard Hausmann (English translation).***

10.20   

Occupational Lease, dated as of August 9, 2002, Burford (Stratton) Nominee 1 Limited, Burford (Stratton) Nominee 2 Limited, Burford (Stratton) Limited, Lazard & Co., Limited and Lazard LLC.***

10.21   

2005 Equity Incentive Plan.****

10.22   

2005 Bonus Plan.****

10.23    Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants between Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group LLC and Bruce Wasserstein.†
10.24   

Form of Agreement relating to Reorganization of Lazard by and between Lazard LLC and Bruce Wasserstein.†

10.25   

Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants between Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group LLC and Steven J. Golub.†

10.26   

Form of Agreement relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants applicable to, and related to Schedule I, for each of Michael J. Castellano, Scott D. Hoffman and Charles G. Ward III.†

10.27   

Form of Agreements relating to Retention and Noncompetition and Other Covenants.†

10.28   

Form of Amended and Restated Letter Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2004, between Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. and Lazard Frères & Co. LLC. ††

10.29   

Letter Agreement, dated as of March 15, 2005, from IXIS Corporate and Investment Bank to Lazard LLC and Lazard Ltd.****

10.30   

Form of Registration Rights Agreement, by and among Lazard Group Finance LLC, Lazard, Lazard LLC and IXIS Corporate and Investment Bank.****

12.1     

Condensed Financial Information of Lazard LLC for the Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004.*

12.2     

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.*

21.1     

List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd.

21.2     

List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Group Finance LLC.

23.1     

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.

23.2     

Consent of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda.

23.3     

Consent of Bruce Wasserstein to be named as a director nominee.*

23.4     

Consent of Robert Charles Clark to be named as a director nominee.

 

II-10


Table of Contents
Exhibit
Number


  

Exhibit Title


23.5     

Consent of Ellis Jones to be named as a director nominee.

23.6     

Consent of Vernon E. Jordan, Jr. to be named as a director nominee.

23.7     

Consent of Anthony Orsatelli to be named as a director nominee.

23.8     

Consent of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz (included in Exhibit 8.1).

23.9     

Consent of Appleby Spurling Hunter.†††

24.1     

Powers of Attorney.*

24.2     

Power of Attorney for Bruce Wasserstein.


* Previously filed.
** Incorporated by reference to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on December 17, 2004, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
*** Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 1 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on February 11, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
**** Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 2 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on March 21, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
†   Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 3 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on April 11, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
†† Incorporated by reference to Amendment No. 4 to Lazard Ltd’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121407) filed on April 18, 2005, relating to Lazard Ltd’s concurrent common stock offering.
††† To be filed by amendment.

 

II-11

Form of Underwriting Agreement

Exhibit 1.2

 

Lazard Ltd

 

Equity Security Units

 


 

Underwriting Agreement

 

                    , 2005

 

Goldman, Sachs & Co.,

    As representative of the several Underwriters

        named in Schedule I hereto,

c/o Goldman, Sachs & Co.

85 Broad Street,

New York, New York 10004

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Lazard Ltd, a company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda (the “Company”) proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to enter into the Purchase Contracts (the “Purchase Contracts”) with you on behalf of the Underwriters named in Schedule I hereto (the “Underwriters”). The Purchase Contracts are evidenced by the Unit Certificates and are referred to in the Purchase Contract Agreement, to be dated as             , 2005 (the “Purchase Contract Agreement”), between the Company and The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent (the “Purchase Contract Agent”), underlying an aggregate of Equity Security Units with a stated amount of $25 (the “Firm Units”). In connection therewith, the Company and its affiliate, Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware corporation (“Lazard Group Finance”), propose, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, that Lazard Group Finance issue and sell to the Underwriters an aggregate of $             of         % senior notes (the “Notes”). The Notes will be issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of , 2005 (the “Base Notes Indenture”), between the Company, Lazard Group Finance and The Bank of New York, as Notes Trustee (the “Notes Trustee”), as supplemented by the First Supplemental Notes Indenture, to be dated as of , 2005 (the “First Supplemental Notes Indenture and, together with the Base Notes Indenture, the “Notes Indenture”) between the Company, Lazard Group Finance and the Notes Trustee.

 

In connection with the Purchase Contract Agreement, pursuant to the Notes Pledge Agreement, to be dated as of , 2005 (the “Notes Pledge Agreement”), among the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent and The Bank of New York, as collateral agent, custodial agent and securities intermediary (the “Notes Collateral Agent”), the Notes initially will be pledged by the Purchase Contract Agent on behalf of the holders of the Units to secure such holders’

 


obligations to the Company under the Purchase Contracts underlying such Units. The rights to purchase newly issued shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (the “Issuable Common Stock”) under a Purchase Contract, together with a 2.5% ownership interest in a Pledged Note or Pledged Treasury Consideration or a Pledged Treasury Security securing such Purchase Contract, subject to (a) the obligations owed to the Company under such Purchase Contract and (b) the pledge arrangements under the Note Pledge Agreement securing the foregoing obligations, collectively constitute an Equity Security Unit (a “Unit”). Unless the context otherwise requires, for purposes of this Agreement, the act of entering into a Purchase Contract underlying a Unit and purchasing an ownership interest in a Note underlying a Unit shall be referred to as a “purchase” of such Unit. In addition to the purchase of Firm Units subject to the terms and conditions herein, the Company and Lazard Group Finance propose to grant the Underwriters an option to purchase up to              additional Units (the “Optional Units”). The Firm Units and the Optional Units the Underwriters elect to purchase pursuant to Section 2 hereof are herein collectively called the “Units”.

 

Pursuant to the Senior Notes Pledge Agreement, to be dated as of             , 2005 (the “Senior Notes Pledge Agreement”), among Lazard Group Finance, the Notes Trustee and The Bank of New York, as collateral agent, custodial agent and securities intermediary (the “Senior Notes Collateral Agent”), senior notes to be issued by Lazard Group pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of             , 2005 (the “Base Senior Notes Indenture”), between the Company, Lazard Group and The Bank of New York, as Senior Notes Trustee (the “Senior Notes Trustee”), as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Senior Notes Indenture, to be dated as of , 2005 (the “Second Supplemental Senior Notes Indenture and, together with the Base Senior Notes Indenture, the “Senior Notes Indenture”), between Lazard Group and the Senior Notes Trustee, initially will be pledged by Lazard Group Finance to secure its obligations to the holders of the Notes under the Notes Indenture.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, it shall be understood and agreed by the parties hereto that any and all references in this Agreement to “subsidiaries” of the Company shall be deemed to include Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Lazard Group”), Lazard Group Finance and each other significant subsidiary of the Company as such term is defined in Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”).

 

Any reference in this Agreement, to the extent the context requires, to the “additional financing transactions”, “separation” or “recapitalization” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Prospectus (as defined below). Any reference to the business, assets, earnings, losses, properties, liabilities, contracts, agreements, obligations, instruments or subsidiaries of Lazard Group means the business, assets, earnings, losses, properties, liabilities, contracts, agreements, obligations, instruments or subsidiaries of the Company and Lazard Group that have been or will be retained by Lazard Group pursuant to the separation and after giving effect to the recapitalization.

 

1. Each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance represent and warrant to, and agree with, each of the Underwriters that:

 

(a) A registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-123463) (the “Initial Registration Statement”) in respect of the Units, the Purchase Contracts and the Notes underlying the Units and the Issuable Common Stock (collectively, the “Securities”) has been filed with the Commission; the Initial Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, each in the form heretofore delivered to you, and, excluding exhibits thereto, to you for each of the other Underwriters, have been declared effective by the Commission in such form; other than a registration statement, if any, increasing

 

2


the size of the offering (a “Rule 462(b) Registration Statement”), filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), which became effective upon filing, no other document with respect to the Initial Registration Statement has heretofore been filed with the Commission; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Initial Registration Statement, any post-effective amendment thereto or the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or threatened by the Commission (any preliminary prospectus included in the Initial Registration Statement or filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the Act is hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus”; the various parts of the Initial Registration Statement and the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, including all exhibits thereto and including the information contained in the form of final prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof and deemed by virtue of Rule 430A under the Act to be part of the Initial Registration Statement at the time it was declared effective, each as amended at the time such part of the Initial Registration Statement became effective or such part of the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, if any, became or hereafter becomes effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration Statement”; and such final prospectus, in the form first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act, is hereinafter called the “Prospectus”);

 

(b) No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”) and, in each case, the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company or Lazard Group Finance by Goldman Sachs & Co. or any other Underwriter by or through Goldman, Sachs & Co. expressly for use therein;

 

(c) The Registration Statement conforms, and the Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Act, the Trust Indenture Act and, in each case, the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and do not and will not, as of the applicable effective date as to the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto and as of the applicable filing date as to the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by Goldman Sachs & Co. or any other Underwriter by or through Goldman, Sachs & Co. expressly for use therein;

 

(d) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements of Lazard Group included in the Prospectus any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or

 

3


court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus; and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and other than as set forth in the Prospectus, including the additional financing transactions, there has not been (i) any material change in the capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (ii) any change in the amount of long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in excess of $[ ], or (iii) any material adverse change, or any development involving a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ or members’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole (a “Material Advance Effect”), otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, including the pro forma financial and capitalization information contained therein;

 

(e) The Company, and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real property and good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as are described in the Prospectus or such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its subsidiaries; and any real property and buildings held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company and its subsidiaries;

 

(f) (i) The Company (a) has been duly incorporated and is existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Bermuda (meaning solely that it has not failed to make any filing with any Bermuda governmental authority, or to pay any Bermuda government fee or tax, which would make it liable to be struck off the Register of Companies and thereby cease to exist under the laws of Bermuda), with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus, (b) has been duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing as a foreign corporation would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (c) is not subject to any material liability or disability by reason of the failure to be so qualified in any such jurisdiction; (ii) Lazard Group (a) has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with limited liability company power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus, (b) has been duly qualified as a foreign company for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification, except where

 

4


the failure to be so qualified or in good standing as a foreign corporation would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (c) is not subject to any material liability or disability by reason of the failure to be so qualified in any such jurisdiction; (iii) Lazard Group Finance (a) has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited liability company in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with limited liability company power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus, (b) has been duly qualified as a foreign company for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing as a foreign corporation would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and (c) is not subject to any material liability or disability by reason of the failure to be so qualified in any such jurisdiction; and (iv) each other subsidiary of the Company has been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation, as applicable, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(g) The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in the Prospectus, and all of the issued shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and conform to the description of the shares contained in the Prospectus; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company, after giving effect to the separation and recapitalization, will entitle the holders thereof to preemptive or other similar rights to acquire the shares; all of the issued shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each subsidiary of the Company have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable and (except for directors’ qualifying shares and except as set forth in the Prospectus) are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances or claims, except (i) such liens, encumbrances or claims as described in the Prospectus or (ii) such liens, encumbrances or claims that, individually or in the aggregate, do not materially affect the value of such shares of capital stock or otherwise would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(h) The Issuable Common Stock have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance and, when issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Contracts, the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Notes Pledge Agreement, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and will conform in all material respects to the description of the Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share of the Company (“Common Stock”) contained in the Prospectus or to any amended or supplemented description of the Common Stock contained in a then effective report or registration statement filed pursuant to the Exchange Act, and the issuance of Issuable Common Stock will not be subject to any preemptive or other similar right;

 

(i) The Unit Certificates, by which the Purchase Contracts are evidenced, have been duly authorized and, when duly executed, authenticated and delivered against payment therefor as provided herein and in the Purchase Contract Agreement, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, and will be in the form contemplated by, and will be entitled to the benefits of, the Purchase Contract Agreement; the Purchase Contracts as evidenced by the Unit Certificates will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus; and the issuance of the Purchase Contracts evidenced by the Unit Certificates is not subject to preemptive or similar rights;

 

(j) The Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act and will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus;

 

(k) The Notes have been duly authorized by Lazard Group Finance and, when the Notes are duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as provided herein and in the Notes Indenture, the Notes will constitute valid and legally binding

 

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obligations of Lazard Group Finance, and will be in the form contemplated by, and will be entitled to the benefits of, the Indenture; and the Notes will conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus;

 

(l) The Notes Pledge Agreement creates, as collateral security for the performance when due by the holders from time to time of the Units of their respective obligations under the Purchase Contracts constituting part of such Units, a valid and perfected security interest (as defined in the Uniform Commercial Code, as adopted and in effect in the State of New York (the “New York UCC”)) in favor of the Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company, in the right, title and interest of such holders in the securities and other assets and interests pledged to the Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Notes Pledge Agreement (the “Notes Pledged Securities”);

 

(m) The Senior Notes Pledge Agreement creates, as collateral security for the performance when due by Lazard Group Finance of its obligations under the Notes, a valid and perfected security interest (as defined in the New York UCC) in favor of the Senior Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Notes, in the right, title and interest of Lazard Group Finance in the securities and other assets and interests pledged to the Senior Notes Collateral Agent pursuant to the Senior Notes Pledge Agreement (the “Senior Notes Pledged Securities”);

 

(n) The Units have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject to notice of issuance, and at each Time of Delivery, the Units issued at or prior to such Time of Delivery, upon notice of issuance, will be listed on the New York Stock Exchange;

 

(o) The Company has been designated as a non-resident company of Bermuda for the purposes of the Exchange Control Act 1972 and, as such, is free to acquire, hold and sell foreign currency (including the payment of dividends) without restriction;

 

(p) (i) The issuance and sale of the Units to be sold by the Company hereunder, (ii) the issuance by Lazard Group Finance of the Notes in accordance with the Indenture and the First Supplemental Indenture relating to the Notes and the sale by Lazard Group Finance of the Notes hereunder and (iii) the compliance by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance with all of the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of (a) any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, (b) the provisions of the Memorandum of Association or Bye-laws of the Company, the Certificate of Formation or limited liability company agreement of Lazard Group or Certificate of Formation or limited liability company agreement of Lazard Group Finance or (c) any statute or any order, rule or regulation of, any court or governmental agency or body or any stock exchange authorities (a “Governmental Agency”) having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties (hereinafter referred to as “Governmental Authorizations”), except, in the case of clauses (a) and (c), for such violations that would not, individually or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of the Units, the ability of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance to

 

6


consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration, or qualification of or with any such Governmental Agency is required for the issuance and sale of the Units or the consummation by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except (A) the registration under the Act of the Units, (B) such Governmental Authorizations as have been duly obtained and are in full force and effect and copies of which have been furnished to you, (C) such Governmental Authorizations as may be required under the Trust Indenture Act and state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Units by or for the account of the Underwriters or to list the shares on the New York Stock Exchange and (D) such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders, registrations or qualifications the failure of which to obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of the Units, the ability of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(q) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any of its constituent documents, or, except for such defaults which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, is in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound;

 

(r) There is no income or other tax of Bermuda (imposed by withholding or otherwise) on any dividend or distribution to be made by the Company to the holders of the Units;

 

(s) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has taken, directly or indirectly, any action which was designed to or which has constituted or which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Units;

 

(t) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Equity Security Units”, insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of the terms of the Units, under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations”, and under the caption “Underwriting”, insofar as they purport to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate and complete summaries of such provisions in all material respects;

 

(u) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of the Company’s, Lazard Group’s and Lazard Group Finance’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any Governmental Agency or threatened by others;

 

(v) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Units, will be an “investment company”, as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”);

 

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(w) The Company, Lazard Group Finance and each of the other subsidiaries of the Company have all licenses, franchises, permits, authorizations, approvals and orders and other concessions of and from all Governmental Agencies that are necessary to own or lease their other properties and conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus, except to the extent that the failure to have or obtain such licenses, franchises, permits, authorizations, approvals and orders would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(x) None of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance is a Passive Foreign Investment Company (“PFIC”) within the meaning of Section 1297 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and is not likely to become a PFIC;

 

(y) To its knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or controlled affiliates does business with the government of, or with any person located in any country targeted by any of the economic sanctions programs or similar sanctions-related measures of the United States as administered by the United States Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control; and the net proceeds from this offering and any concurrent offering will not be used to fund any operations in, finance any investments in or make any payments to any country, or to make any payments to any person, in a manner that violates in any material respect any of the economic sanctions of the United States administered by the United States Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control;

 

(z) To its knowledge, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries or controlled affiliates does business with the government of Cuba or with any person located in Cuba within the meaning of Section 517.075, Florida Statutes;

 

(aa) Deloitte & Touche LLP, who have certified certain consolidated financial statements of Lazard Group, are independent public accountants as required by the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder;

 

(bb) The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective and the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting; and

 

(cc) The Company’s internal controls over financial reporting are sufficient to enable the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer to satisfy, in a timely manner, their respective certification obligations under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 

2. Subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, (a) the Company and each of the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agree to enter into the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Firm Units as set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto, (b) Lazard Group Finance agrees that it will issue and sell to each of the Underwriters, and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from Lazard Group Finance, at a purchase price of             % of the principal amount thereof, the principal amount of Notes underlying the number of Firm Units set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto, and (c) in the event and to the extent that the Underwriters shall exercise the election to enter into additional Purchase Contracts underlying Optional Units as provided below, (i) the Company and each of the Underwriters, severally and not jointly, agree to enter into that number of additional Purchase Contracts as to which such election shall have been exercised (to be adjusted by you so as to eliminate fractional Purchase

 

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Contracts) determined by multiplying the aggregate number of additional Purchase Contracts the Underwriters elect to purchase by a fraction, the numerator of which is the maximum number of Optional Units set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto and the denominator of which is the maximum number of Optional Units set forth in total opposite the names of all such Underwriters in Schedule I hereto and (ii) Lazard Group Finance agrees that it will issue and sell to each of the Underwriters and each of the Underwriters agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from Lazard Group Finance at the purchase price set forth in clause (a) of this Section 3, an aggregate amount of Notes underlying such additional Optional Units. The Units, Purchase Contracts and Notes shall have the terms and conditions set forth on Schedule III hereto in addition to the provisions described in the Prospectus.

 

The Company hereby grants to the Underwriters the right to enter into, at their election, Purchase Contracts underlying up to              Optional Units and Lazard Group Finance hereby grants the Underwriters the right to purchase from Lazard Group Finance at their election up to an aggregate of $              principal amount of Notes underlying such Optional Units, for the sole purpose of covering sales of Units in excess of the number of Firm Units; provided, however, that the Underwriters may exercise such elections only in integral multiples of 40 Optional Units. Any such election to enter into such additional Purchase Contracts and purchase such Notes may be exercised only by written notice from you to the Company and Lazard Group Finance, given within a period of 30 calendar days after the date of this Agreement and setting forth the aggregate number of such additional Purchase Contracts to be entered into and principal amount of Notes to be purchased and the date on which the related Optional Units are to be delivered, as determined by you but in no event earlier than the First Time of Delivery (as defined in Section 5 hereof) or, unless you, the Company and Lazard Group Finance otherwise agree in writing, earlier than two or later than ten business days after the date of such notice.

 

3. Upon the authorization by you of the release of the Firm Units, the several Underwriters propose to offer the Firm Units for sale upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus.

 

4. The Company and Lazard Group Finance hereby confirms its engagement of Goldman, Sachs & Co. as, and Goldman, Sachs & Co. hereby confirms its agreement with the Company to render services as, a “qualified independent underwriter” within the meaning of Rule 2720(b)(15) of the NASD with respect to the offering and sale of the Units. Goldman, Sachs & Co., in its capacity as qualified independent underwriter and not otherwise, is referred to herein as the “QIU”. As compensation for the services of the QIU hereunder, the Company and Lazard Group Finance agree to pay the QIU $10,000 at the First Time of Delivery (as defined below).

 

5. (a) The Units to be purchased by each Underwriter hereunder, in definitive form, and in such authorized denominations and registered in such names as Goldman, Sachs & Co. may request upon at least forty-eight hours’ notice to the Company and Lazard Group Finance prior to a Time of Delivery (as defined below) (the “Notification Time”), shall be delivered by or on behalf of the Company and Lazard Group Finance to Goldman, Sachs & Co., through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), for the account of such Underwriter, against payment by or on behalf of such Underwriter of the purchase price therefor by wire transfer of Federal (same-day) funds to the account specified by the Company and Lazard Group Finance to Goldman, Sachs & Co. at least forty-eight hours in advance. Delivery of the Units by the Company and Lazard Group Finance will be made to an account or accounts specified

 

9


by Goldman, Sachs & Co., in such respective portions as Goldman, Sachs & Co. may designate, upon written notice given to the Company prior to the Notification Time. It is understood and agreed by the parties hereto that no delivery or transfer of Units to be purchased and sold hereunder at a Time of Delivery shall be effective until and unless payment therefor has been made pursuant hereto and each of DTC, the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to Goldman, Sachs & Co., on behalf of the Underwriters at such Time of Delivery certificates and other evidence reasonably satisfactory to Goldman, Sachs & Co. of the execution in favor of the Underwriters of the book-entry transfer of Units, to the custodian for DTC.

 

The time and date of such delivery and payment shall be, with respect to the Firm Units, 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on                     , 2005 or such other time and date as Goldman, Sachs & Co., the Company and Lazard Group Finance may agree upon in writing, and, with respect to the Optional Units, 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the date specified by Goldman, Sachs & Co. in the written notice given by Goldman, Sachs & Co. of the Underwriters’ election to purchase such Optional Units, or such other time and date as Goldman, Sachs & Co. and the Company and Lazard Group Finance may agree upon in writing. Such time and date for delivery of the Firm Units is herein called the “First Time of Delivery,” such time and date for delivery of the Optional Units, if not the First Time of Delivery, is herein called the “Second Time of Delivery,” and each such time and date for delivery is herein called a “Time of Delivery.”

 

(b) The documents to be delivered at each Time of Delivery by or on behalf of the parties hereto pursuant to Section 8 hereof, including the cross-receipt for the Units and any additional documents requested by the Underwriters pursuant to Section 8(n) hereof, will be delivered at the offices of Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, Worldwide Plaza, 825 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York, 10019 (the “Closing Location”), and the Units will be delivered as specified in Section (a) above, all at such Time of Delivery. A meeting will be held at the Closing Location at 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next preceding such Time of Delivery, at which meeting the final drafts of the documents to be delivered pursuant to the preceding sentence will be available for review by the parties hereto. For the purposes of this Section 5, “New York Business Day” shall mean each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in New York are generally authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

 

6. Each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance agrees with each of the Underwriters:

 

(a) To prepare the Prospectus in a form approved by Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, and to file such Prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act not later than the Commission’s close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement, or, if applicable, such earlier time as may be required by Rule 430A(a)(3) under the Act; to make no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus which shall be disapproved by Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters,

 

10


promptly after reasonable notice thereof; to advise Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended Prospectus has been filed and to furnish Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, copies thereof; to advise Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus, of the suspension of the qualification of the Units for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information; and, in the event of the issuance of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or Prospectus or suspending any such qualification, promptly to use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order;

 

(b) Promptly from time to time to take such action as Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, may reasonably request to qualify the Units for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters, may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution of the Units, provided that in connection therewith none of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance shall be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any jurisdiction or subject itself to taxation for doing business in any jurisdiction;

 

(c) Prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement and from time to time, to furnish the Underwriters with written and electronic copies of the Prospectus in New York City in such quantities as you may reasonably request, and, if the delivery of a prospectus is required at any time prior to the expiration of nine months after the time of issue of the Prospectus in connection with the offering or sale of the Units and if at such time any events shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such period to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to comply with the Act, to notify you and upon your request to prepare and furnish without charge to each Underwriter and to any dealer in securities as many written and electronic copies as you may from time to time reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance, and in case any Underwriter is required to deliver a prospectus in connection with sales of any of the Units at any time nine months or more after the time of issue of the Prospectus, upon your request but at the expense of such Underwriter, to prepare and deliver to such Underwriter as many written and electronic copies as you may request of an amended or supplemented Prospectus complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act;

 

(d) To make generally available to the Company’s and Lazard Group Finance’s securityholders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than eighteen months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act), an earnings statement of the Company and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (including, at the option of the Company, Rule 158);

 

(e) During the period beginning from the date hereof and continuing to and including the date 180 days after the date of the Prospectus (the “Initial Lock-Up

 

11


Period”), not to offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of, except as provided hereunder or in connection with the additional financing transactions, any securities of the Company, or its subsidiaries that are substantially similar to the Units, including but not limited to any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive, Units, or any such substantially similar securities (other than pursuant to employee stock option plans or other employee or director plans existing on, or upon the conversion or exchange of convertible or exchangeable securities outstanding as of, the date of this Agreement), without your prior written consent; provided, however, that if (1) during the last 17 days of the Initial Lock-Up Period, the Company releases earnings results or announces material news or a material event or (2) prior to the expiration of the Initial Lock-Up period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 15-day period following the last day of the Initial Lock-Up Period, then in each case the lock-up period will be automatically extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of release of the earnings results or the announcement of the material news or material event, as applicable, unless Goldman, Sachs & Co. waives, in writing, such extension. The Company will provide the Underwriters and each person or entity subject to a lock-up agreement with prior notice of any such announcement that gives rise to an extension of the lock-up period;

 

(f) To furnish to its stockholders as soon as practicable after the end of each fiscal year an annual report (in English) (including a balance sheet and statements of income, stockholders’ or members’ equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries certified by independent public accountants and prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”)) and, as soon as practicable after the end of each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year (beginning with the fiscal quarter ending after the effective date of the Registration Statement), to make available to its stockholders consolidated summary financial information of the Company and its subsidiaries for such quarter in each case as required by the rules and regulations of the Act, provided that the Company may satisfy the requirements of this subsection by filing such information and all other information on Form 10-Q or Form 10-K as may be required by Rule 463 under the Act;

 

(g) During a period of two years from the effective date of the Registration Statement, to furnish to you copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to the Company’s stockholders, and to deliver to you as soon as practicable after they are available, copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Company and Lazard Group Finance is listed;

 

(h) To use the net proceeds received from the sale of the Units pursuant to this Agreement and received in connection with the additional financing transactions in the manner specified in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds”;

 

(i) Not to (and to cause the Company’s subsidiaries not to) take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to or which constitutes or which would reasonably be expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or facilitate the sale or resale or the Units;

 

(j) To use its best efforts to list, subject to notice of issuance, the Units and the Issuable Common Stock related thereto on the New York Stock Exchange;

 

(k) If the Company and Lazard Group Finance elect to rely upon Rule 462(b), the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall file a Rule 462(b) Registration

 

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Statement with the Commission in compliance with Rule 462(b) by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement, and the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall at the time of filing either pay to the Commission the filing fee for the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement or give irrevocable instructions for the payment of such fee pursuant to Rule 111(b) under the Act;

 

(l) Upon request of any Underwriter, to furnish, or cause to be furnished, to such Underwriter an electronic version of the Company’s, Lazard Group’s or Lazard Group Finance’s trademarks, servicemarks and corporate logo for use on the website, if any, operated by such Underwriter for the purpose of facilitating the on-line offering of the Units (the “License”); provided, however, that the License shall be used solely for the purpose described above, is granted without any fee and may not be assigned or transferred;

 

(m) To reserve, free of preemptive rights, Issuable Common Stock to satisfy the obligation of the Company to issue Common Stock pursuant to the Purchase Contracts; and

 

(n) To enter into a remarketing agreement with a nationally recognized investment banking firm at least one month prior to , 2008, such remarketing agreement to contain provisions that are consistent in all material respects with the descriptions in the Prospectus of the rights and obligations of each of the Company, Lazard Group Finance, the Purchase Contract Agent and the remarketing agent under the remarking agreement.

 

7. The Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance covenant and agree with the several Underwriters that they will jointly and severally pay or cause to be paid the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s, Lazard Group’s and Lazard Group Finance’s counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Units under the Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Underwriters and dealers; (ii) the cost of printing or producing any Agreement among Underwriters, this Agreement, the Blue Sky Memorandum, closing documents (including compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of the Units; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Units for offering and sale under state securities laws as provided in Section 6(b) hereof, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky surveys; (iv) all fees and expenses in connection with listing the Units on the New York Stock Exchange; (v) the filing fees incident to, and the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with, securing any required review by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. of the terms of the sale of the Units; (vi) any fees charged by securities rating services for rating the Units; (vii) the cost of preparing the Securities and any certificates thereof and any agreements, documents and instruments incident thereto; (viii) the fees and expenses of the Purchase Contract Agent and Collateral Agent, and any agent of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent, and the fees and disbursements of any counsel for the Purchase Contract Agent, Collateral Agent or remarketing agent pursuant to and in connection with the Purchase Contract Agreement, Pledge Agreement or remarketing agreement; (ix) the fees and expenses of the Trustee under the Indenture, and any agent of the Trustee, and the fees and disbursements of any counsel for the Trustee pursuant to and in connection with the Indenture and the Notes; and (x) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its

 

13


obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section. It is understood, however, that, except as provided in this Section, and Sections 10 and 13 hereof, the Underwriters will pay all of their own costs and expenses, including the fees of their counsel, stock transfer taxes (other than any imposed by Bermuda or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein) on resale of any of the Units by them, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers they may make.

 

8. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder, as to the Units to be delivered at each Time of Delivery, shall be subject to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance herein are, at and as of such Time of Delivery, true and correct, the condition that each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance shall have performed all of its and their obligations hereunder theretofore to be performed, and the following additional conditions:

 

(a) The Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by the rules and regulations under the Act and in accordance with Section 6(a) hereof; if the Company and Lazard Group Finance have elected to rely upon Rule 462(b), the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement shall have become effective by 10:00 P.M., Washington, D.C. time, on the date of this Agreement; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with to your reasonable satisfaction;

 

(b) Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, shall have furnished to you such written statement, opinion or opinions, dated such Time of Delivery, with respect to the matters covered in the paragraph following paragraph (viii) of subsection (d) below as well as such other related matters as you may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such papers and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters;

 

(c) Appleby Spurling Hunter, Bermuda counsel for the Underwriters, shall have furnished to you such written opinion or opinions, dated such Time of Delivery, with respect to the matters covered in paragraphs (i), (ii), (iii), (ix), (x) and (xi) of subsection (e) below as well as such other related matters as you may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such papers and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters;

 

(d) Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, counsel for the Company and its subsidiaries, shall have furnished to you their written opinion (in the form set forth in Annex II(b) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, to the effect that:

 

(i) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance;

 

(ii) Under the laws of the State of New York relating to personal jurisdiction, each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance has, pursuant to Section 16 of this Agreement, validly and irrevocably submitted to the personal jurisdiction of any state or federal court located in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, New York (each a “New York Court”) in any action arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, has validly and irrevocably waived any objection to the venue of a proceeding in any such court, and has validly and irrevocably

 

14


appointed the Authorized Agent (as defined herein) as its authorized agent for the purpose described in Section 16 hereof; and service of process effected on such agent in the manner set forth in Section 16 hereof will be effective to confer valid personal jurisdiction over each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance;

 

(iii) To such counsel’s knowledge and other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company, or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely the Company or any of its subsidiaries would individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(iv) (i) The issuance and sale of the Units being delivered at such Time of Delivery to be sold by the Company, (ii) the issuance and sale by Lazard Group Finance of the Notes comprising a part of the Units to be delivered at such Time of Delivery and (iii) the compliance by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance with all of the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any agreement or instrument filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group, the Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group Finance or any statute under the laws of the State of New York or the federal securities laws of the United States of America or any order, rule or regulation known to such counsel of any United States Federal or New York Governmental Agency having jurisdiction over the Company, Lazard Group Finance or any other subsidiary of the Company or any of their properties;

 

(v) No Governmental Authorization of the United States or the State of New York is required for the issuance and sale of the Units or the consummation by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except the registration under the Act of the Units, such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications that have been obtained or as may be required under the Trust Indenture Act and state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Units by the Underwriters and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications the failure of which to obtain would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(vi) The Notes Indenture has been duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act;

 

(vii) The Notes have been duly authorized, executed, authenticated, issued and delivered by Lazard Group Finance and constitute valid and legally binding obligations of Lazard Group Finance; the Notes are in the form contemplated by, and are entitled to the benefits of, the Notes Indenture;

 

(viii) Under the NY UCC in effect at such Time of Delivery, the Notes Pledge Agreement creates, as collateral security for the performance when due by the holders of the Units under the respective Purchase Contracts, a valid security interest (as that term is defined in the New York UCC) in favor of the Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company, in the right, title and

 

15


interest of such holders in all of the Notes Pledged Securities that constitute “securities” (as that term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(15) of the New York UCC); and in the case of such Notes Pledged Securities that are certificated (as defined in the New York UCC), such security interest shall be perfected upon delivery of such certificates (endorsed in blank) to the Notes Collateral Agent in New York and, assuming that neither the Collateral Agent nor the Company has notice on or prior to the date of such delivery of an adverse claim (as that term is defined in the New York UCC) with respect to such Notes Pledged Securities, the Notes Collateral Agent has acquired a security interest in the Notes Pledged Securities free of any adverse claim; in the case of Notes Pledged Securities that are credited by a securities intermediary (as defined in the New York UCC), whose jurisdiction (as determined under Section 8-110(e) of the New York UCC) is New York, to a securities account (as defined in the New York UCC) in the name of the Notes Collateral Agent, the Notes Collateral Agent shall have a perfected security interest in all security entitlements (as defined in the New York UCC) relating to such Notes Pledged Securities;

 

(ix) Under the NY UCC in effect at such Time of Delivery, the Senior Notes Pledge Agreement creates, as collateral security for the performance when due by Lazard Group Finance under the Notes, a valid security interest (as that term is defined in the New York UCC) in favor of the Senior Notes Collateral Agent for the benefit of the holders of the Notes, in the right, title and interest of Lazard Group Finance in all of the Senior Notes Pledged Securities that constitute “securities” (as that term is defined in Section 8-102(a)(15) of the New York UCC); and in the case of such Senior Notes Pledged Securities that are certificated (as defined in the New York UCC), such security interest shall be perfected upon delivery of such certificates (endorsed in blank) to the Senior Notes Collateral Agent in New York and, assuming that neither the Senior Notes Collateral Agent nor the Notes Trustee or such holders has notice on or prior to the date of such delivery of an adverse claim (as that term is defined in the New York UCC) with respect to such Senior Notes Pledged Securities, the Senior Notes Collateral Agent has acquired a security interest in the Senior Notes Pledged Securities free of any adverse claim; in the case of Senior Notes Pledged Securities that are credited by a securities intermediary (as defined in the New York UCC), whose jurisdiction (as determined under Section 8-110(e) of the New York UCC) is New York, to a securities account (as defined in the New York UCC) in the name of the Senior Notes Collateral Agent, the Senior Notes Collateral Agent shall have a perfected security interest in all security entitlements (as defined in the New York UCC) relating to such Senior Notes Pledged Securities;

 

(x) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations”, insofar as they purport to constitute a summary of U.S. laws and the documents referred to therein, and under the caption “Underwriting”, insofar as they purport to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate and complete summaries of such provisions in all material respects;

 

(xi) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any further amendments and supplements thereto made by the Company and Lazard Group Finance prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein,

 

16


as to which such counsel need express no opinion) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act and, in each case, the rules and regulations thereunder; and

 

(xii) Counsel does not know of any amendment to the Registration Statement required to be filed or of any contracts or other documents of a character required to be filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement or required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which are not filed or described as required.

 

Although counsel has not verified, is not passing upon, and does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, except for those referred to in the opinion in subsection (x) of this Section 8(d), no facts have come to such counsel’s attention that lead them to believe, and such counsel has no other reason to believe, that, as of its effective date, the Registration Statement or any further amendment thereto made by the Company prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that, as of its date, the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or that, as of such Time of Delivery, either the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

In rendering their opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact, to the extent such counsel deems proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance, as applicable, and certificates or other written statements of officials of jurisdictions having custody of documents respecting the corporate existence or good standing of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, as applicable.

 

With respect to the matters to be covered in paragraphs (xi), (xii) and the paragraph following paragraph (xii) above, such counsel may state that their opinion is based upon their participation in the preparation of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and discussions with representatives of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance and its auditors (including discussions in which the Underwriters and their counsel participated) in connection with such preparation of the Registration Statement and Prospectus and any amendments or supplements

 

17


thereto but without independent check or verification, except as with respect to matters set forth in paragraph x above, except as specified.

 

In rendering their opinion, such counsel may state that they express no opinion other than as to the law of the State of New York and the federal securities laws of the United States.

 

(e) Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda counsel for the Company and its subsidiaries shall have furnished to you their written opinion (in the form as set forth in Annex II(c) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, to the effect that:

 

(i) The Company (i) has been duly incorporated and is existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of Bermuda (meaning solely that it has not failed to make any filing with any Bermuda governmental authority, or to pay any Bermuda government fee or tax, which would make it liable to be struck off the Register of Companies and thereby cease to exist under the laws of Bermuda) and (ii) has the necessary corporate power and authority to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus;

 

(ii) The statements contained in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Capital Stock”, to the extent that they constitute statements of Bermuda law, are accurate in all material respects;

 

All issued shares of capital stock of the Company (including, when issued and paid for, the Issuable Common Stock to be issued and delivered by the Company in accordance with the Underwriting Agreement and the Purchase Contracts), will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (which term when used herein means that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue thereof) and will not be subject to any statutory pre-emptive or similar rights;

 

(iii) No order, consent, approval, licence, authorisation or validation of, filing with or exemption by any government or public body or authority of Bermuda or any sub-division thereof is required to authorise or is required in connection with the execution, delivery, performance and enforcement of this Agreement, including the issuance and sale of the Units, or the ownership or lease of the Company’s properties and conduct of its businesses as described in the Prospectus, except such as have been duly obtained or filed in accordance with Bermuda law;

 

(iv) The Company has taken all corporate action required to authorise its execution and filing of the Registration Statement and its execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Company, and constitutes the valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with the terms thereof;

 

(v) The Company has taken all corporate action required to authorise its execution, delivery and performance of the Purchase Contracts evidenced by the Unit Certificates and the Notes Pledge Agreement. When duly executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Company, the Notes Pledge Agreement will constitute the valid and binding obligations of the Company in accordance with the terms thereof and when duly authorized, executed, authenticated, issued and delivered by the Company, and assuming due execution by the Purchase Contract Agent as attorney-in-fact of the holders thereof and due authentication

 

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by the Purchase Contract Agent, the Unit Certificates, by which the Purchase Contracts are evidenced, will be valid and binding obligations of the Company in accordance with the terms thereof; the issuance of the Purchase Contracts evidenced by the Unit Certificates is not subject to preemptive or similar rights.

 

(vi) The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance by the Company of its obligations thereunder will not result in any violation of the provisions of the Memorandum of Association or Bye-laws of the Company or any applicable law, regulation, order or decree in Bermuda;

 

(vii) The statements contained in the Prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement under the captions “Prospectus Summary—Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations,” “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations—Taxation of Lazard and its Subsidiaries—Bermuda” and “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations—Taxation of Stockholders—Bermuda”, to the extent that they constitute statements of Bermuda law, are accurate in all material respects;

 

(viii) The Company has received an assurance from the Ministry of Finance in Bermuda that in the event of there being enacted in Bermuda any legislation imposing tax computed on profits or income or computed on any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, then the imposition of any such tax shall not be applicable to the Company or any of its operations or its shares, debentures or other obligations (subject to the proviso expressed in such assurance as described in the Prospectus);

 

(ix) The choice of the laws of the State of New York as the governing law of the Documents is a valid choice of law and would be recognised and given effect to in any action brought before a court of competent jurisdiction in Bermuda, except for those laws (i) which such court considers to be procedural in nature, (ii) which are revenue or penal laws or (iii) the application of which would be inconsistent with public policy, as such term is interpreted under the laws of Bermuda. To the extent Bermuda law is applicable, the submission in the Documents to the exclusive jurisdiction of the New York Court is valid and binding upon the Company;

 

The courts of Bermuda would recognise as a valid judgment, a final and conclusive judgment in personam obtained in the Foreign Courts against the Company based upon the Documents under which a sum of money is payable (other than a sum of money payable in respect of multiple damages, taxes or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty) and would give a judgment based thereon provided that (a) such courts had proper jurisdiction over the parties subject to such judgment, (b) such courts did not contravene the rules of natural justice of Bermuda, (c) such judgment was not obtained by fraud, (d) the enforcement of the judgment would not be contrary to the public policy of Bermuda, (e) no new admissible evidence relevant to the action is submitted prior to the rendering of the judgment by the courts of Bermuda and (f) there is due compliance with the correct procedures under the laws of Bermuda;

 

(x) The Company is not entitled to any immunity under the laws of Bermuda, whether characterised as sovereign immunity or otherwise, from any

 

19


legal proceedings to enforce the Documents in respect of itself or its property; and

 

(xi) The Company has been designated as non-resident of Bermuda for the purposes of the Exchange Control Act 1972 and, as such, is free to acquire, hold and sell foreign currency (including the payment of dividends) without restriction. There is no income or other tax of Bermuda imposed by withholding or otherwise on any dividend or distribution to be made by the Company to the holders of the Units.

 

(f) Scott D. Hoffman, Esq., General Counsel of the Company, shall have furnished to you his written opinion (in the form set forth in Annex II(d) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, to the effect that:

 

(i) Each of the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and each other subsidiary of Lazard Ltd (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the SEC) has been duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification, or is subject to no material liability or disability by reason of failure to be so qualified in any such jurisdiction, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing as a foreign corporation would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect (such counsel being entitled to rely in respect of the opinion in this clause upon opinions of local counsel and in respect of matters of fact upon certificates of officers of the Company, provided that such counsel shall state that they believe that both you and they are justified in relying upon such opinions and certificates);

 

(ii) Each subsidiary of Lazard Ltd (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X as promulgated by the SEC) has been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing as a corporate entity in good standing under the laws of its jurisdiction of incorporation or formation, as applicable, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and all of the issued shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each such subsidiary have been duly and validly authorized and issued, are fully paid and non-assessable, and (except for directors’ qualifying shares and shares or interests in the Paris subsidiary that are owned by Lazard Group’s French managing directors and except as otherwise set forth or described in the Prospectus) are owned directly or indirectly by the Company, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, equities or claims, except for such liens, encumbrances, equities or claims as described in the Prospectus (such counsel being entitled to rely in respect of the opinion in this clause upon opinions of local counsel and in respect of matters of fact upon certificates of officers of the Company or its subsidiaries, provided that such counsel shall state that they believe both you and they are justified in relying upon such opinions and certificates);

 

(iii) To the best of such counsel’s knowledge and other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries would individually

 

20


or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of such counsel’s knowledge and other than as set forth in the Prospectus, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any Governmental Agency or threatened by others;

 

(iv) The issuance and sale of the Units, the issuance and sale by Lazard Group Finance of the Notes, compliance by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance with all of the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions herein contemplated will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument known to such counsel to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, except for such breaches, violations or defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group or the Certificate of Formation of Lazard Group Finance;

 

(v) To the best of such counsel’s knowledge, the Company and each of its subsidiaries have all licenses and concessions of and from all Governmental Agencies that are necessary to own or lease their properties and conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus; and the Company and each of its subsidiaries have all franchises, permits, authorizations, approvals and orders and other licenses and concessions of and from all Governmental Agencies that are necessary to own or lease their other properties and conduct their businesses as described in the Prospectus except for such licenses, franchises, permits, authorizations, approvals and orders the failure to obtain which will not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(vi) To best of such counsel’s knowledge, none of the Company’s subsidiaries is in violation of its constituent documents and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties may be bound except for such defaults which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect;

 

(vii) The statements set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”, insofar as they purport to describe the provisions of the documents referred to therein, are accurate and complete summaries of such provisions in all material respects; and

 

(viii) Although such counsel has not verified, is not passing upon, and does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, except for those referred to in the opinion in subsection (vii) of this Section 8(f), no facts have come to such counsel’s attention that lead him to believe and such counsel has no other reason to believe, that, as of its effective date, the Registration Statement or any further amendment thereto made by the Company prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related

 

21


schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that, as of its date, the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company and Lazard Group Finance prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading or that, as of such Time of Delivery, either the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto made by the Company and Lazard Group Finance prior to such Time of Delivery (other than the financial statements and related schedules and notes or other financial or statistical data included therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) contains an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.

 

In rendering his opinion, such counsel may state that he expresses no opinion other than as to the law of the State of New York and the federal securities laws of the United States.

 

(g) Richards, Layton and Finger, P.A., Special Delaware counsel for the Company and Lazard Group, shall have furnished to you their written opinion (in the form set forth in Annex II(d) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, to the effect that the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Lazard Group and the performance by Lazard Group of its obligations hereunder, do not violate (i) any Delaware law, rule or regulation generally applicable to Delaware limited liability companies and (ii) the limited liability company agreement of Lazard Group as in effect at the Time of Delivery;

 

(h) Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, Investment Company Act counsel for the Company and its subsidiaries, shall have furnished to you their written opinion (in the form set forth in Annex II(c) hereto), dated such Time of Delivery, to the effect that none of the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance LLC, LLtd Corp I or LLtd Corp II, is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Units, will be an “investment company”, as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act;

 

(i) On the date of the Prospectus of a time prior to the execution of this Agreement, at 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement and also at each Time of Delivery, Deloitte & Touche LLP shall have furnished to you a letter or letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof, in form and substance satisfactory to you, to the effect set forth in Annex I hereto (the executed copy of the letter delivered prior to the execution of this Agreement is attached as Annex I(a) hereto and a draft of the form of letter to be delivered on the effective date of any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement and as of each Time of Delivery is attached as Annex I(b) hereto);

 

(j) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries shall have sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Prospectus any loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity,

 

22


whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, and (ii) since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus there shall not have been (a) any material change in the capital stock of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (b) any change in the amount of long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in excess of $[ ], or (c) any change, or any development involving a prospective change, in or affecting the general affairs, management, financial position, stockholders’ or members’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus, including the pro forma financial and capitalization information included therein, the effect of which, in any such case described in clause (i) or (ii), is in the judgment of the Representative so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Units being delivered at such Time of Delivery on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

 

(k) On or after the date hereof (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded the Company’s debt securities or preferred stock (if any) by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization”, as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Act, and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Company’s debt securities or preferred stock (if any);

 

(l) On or after the date hereof there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the London Stock Exchange; (ii) a suspension or material limitation in trading in the Company’s securities on the New York Stock Exchange; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in New York or London declared by the relevant authorities, or a material disruption in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States or the United Kingdom; (iv) a change or development involving a prospective change in Bermuda taxation affecting the Company, the Units or the transfer thereof; (v) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States, the United Kingdom or Bermuda or the declaration by the United States, the United Kingdom or Bermuda of a national emergency or war; or (vi) the occurrence of any other calamity or crisis or any change in financial, political or economic conditions or currency exchange rates or controls in the United States, the United Kingdom, Bermuda or elsewhere, if the effect of any such event specified in clause (v) or (vi) in the judgment of the Representative makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Units being delivered at such Time of Delivery on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus;

 

(m) The Units to be sold by the Company at such Time of Delivery shall have been duly listed, subject to notice of issuance, on the New York Stock Exchange;

 

(n) The Company and Lazard Group Finance shall have complied with the provisions of Section 6(c) hereof with respect to the furnishing of prospectuses on the New York Business Day next succeeding the date of this Agreement;

 

(o) The additional financing transactions, other than the transactions relating to the IXIS investment agreement (as described in the Prospectus), shall have been completed (or shall close simultaneously with the transactions contemplated by this

 

23


 

Agreement) and the net proceeds contemplated thereby (in an amount not less than $[        ]) shall have been received (or shall be received simultaneously with the receipt of the net proceeds payable hereunder) by the Company, Lazard Group Finance or the applicable subsidiary of the Company;

 

(p) The “separation” and “recapitalization” shall have occurred (or shall close simultaneously with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement); and

 

(q) Each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to you at such Time of Delivery certificates of officers of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance reasonably satisfactory to you as to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance herein at and as of such Time of Delivery, as to the performance by each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance of all of their respective obligations hereunder to be performed at or prior to such Time of Delivery, and as to such other matters as you may reasonably request, and each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance shall have furnished or caused to be furnished certificates as to the matters set forth in subsections (a) and (h) of this Section, and as to such other matters as you may reasonably request.

 

9. (a) The Company and Lazard Group Finance will indemnify and hold harmless Goldman, Sachs & Co., in its capacity as QIU, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which the QIU may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon (i) an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, (ii) the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or (iii) any act or omission to act or any alleged act or omission to act by Goldman, Sachs & Co. in connection with any transaction contemplated by this Agreement or undertaken in preparing for the purchase, sale and delivery of the Units in each case as QIU, except as to this clause (iii) to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability results from the gross negligence or bad faith of Goldman, Sachs & Co. in performing the services as QIU, and will reimburse the QIU for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the QIU in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred.

 

(b) Promptly after receipt by the QIU under subsection (a) above of notice of the commencement of any action, the QIU shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company under such subsection, notify the Company in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to the QIU otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against the QIU and it shall notify the Company and Lazard Group Finance of the commencement thereof, the Company shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to the QIU (who shall not, except with the consent of the QIU, be counsel to the Company and Lazard Group Finance), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to the QIU of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to the QIU under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred

 

24


by the QIU, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. The Company and Lazard Group Finance shall not, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the QIU is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the QIU from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of QIU.

 

(c) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 9 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless Goldman, Sachs & Co., in its capacity as QIU, under subsection (a) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then the Company shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by the QIU as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand and the QIU on the other from the offering of the Units. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the QIU failed to give the notice required under subsection (b) above, then the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by the QIU in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the QIU on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand and the QIU on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company, as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus, bear to the fee payable to the QIU pursuant to Section 4 hereof. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand or the QIU on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company, Lazard Group Finance and the QIU agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this subsection (c) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (c). The amount paid or payable by the QIU as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (c) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

 

(d) The obligations of the Company and Lazard Group Finance under this Section 9 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company and Lazard Group Finance may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls the QIU within the meaning of the Act.

 

25


10. (a) The Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance will jointly and severally indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Underwriter may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will jointly and severally reimburse each Underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company and Lazard Group shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any such amendment or supplement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company and Lazard Group by any Underwriter through Goldman, Sachs & Co. expressly for use therein; provided, further, that the Company shall not be liable to any Underwriter under the indemnity agreement in this subsection (a) with respect to any Preliminary Prospectus to the extent that it shall have been determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that any such loss, claim, damage or liability of such Underwriter resulted solely from the fact that such Underwriter sold Units to a person to whom there was not sent or given (to the extent required by law), at or prior to the written confirmation of such sale, a copy of the Prospectus (excluding documents incorporated by reference) as then amended or supplemented (excluding documents incorporated by reference) if the Company had previously furnished copies thereof (sufficiently in advance of the Time of Delivery to allow for distribution prior to the confirmation of such sale) to such Underwriter and the loss, claim, damage or liability of such Underwriter resulted from an untrue statement or omission of a material fact contained in the Preliminary Prospectus which was corrected in the Prospectus (excluding documents incorporated by reference) as then amended or supplemented (excluding documents incorporated by reference) and the Company advised the Underwriters at the time the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented (excluding documents incorporated by reference), was furnished to the Underwriters that the Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented (excluding documents incorporated by reference), contained such corrections.

 

(b) Each Underwriter will indemnify and hold harmless the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any such amendment or supplement in reliance upon and in conformity with written information

 

26


 

furnished to the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance by such Underwriter through Goldman, Sachs & Co. expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred.

 

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against an indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (which shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

 

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 10 is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Units. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the indemnified party failed to give the notice required under subsection (c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering of the

 

27


 

Units purchased under this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company and Lazard Group Finance bear to the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters with respect to the Units purchased under this Agreement, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance on the one hand or the Underwriters on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Units underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters’ obligations in this subsection (d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective underwriting obligations and not joint.

 

(e) The obligations of each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance under this Section 10 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of the Act; and the obligations of the Underwriters under this Section 10 shall be in addition to any liability which the respective Underwriters may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each officer and director of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance and to each person, if any, who controls the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance within the meaning of the Act.

 

11. (a) If any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to purchase the Units which it has agreed to purchase hereunder at a Time of Delivery, you may in your discretion arrange for you or another party or other parties to purchase such Units on the terms contained herein. If within thirty-six hours after such default by any Underwriter you do not arrange for the purchase of such Units, then the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall be entitled to a further period of thirty-six hours within which to procure another party or other parties satisfactory to you to purchase such Units on such terms. In the event that, within the respective prescribed periods, you notify the Company and Lazard Group Finance that you have so arranged for the purchase of such Units, or the Company and Lazard Group Finance notify you that they have so arranged for the purchase of such Units, you, the Company or Lazard Group Finance

 

28


shall have the right to postpone such Time of Delivery for a period of not more than seven days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or in any other documents or arrangements, and the Company and Lazard Group Finance agrees to file promptly any amendments to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which in your opinion may thereby be made necessary. The term “Underwriter” as used in this Agreement shall include any person substituted under this Section with like effect as if such person had originally been a party to this Agreement with respect to such Units.

 

(b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Units of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by you and the Company and Lazard Group Finance as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate number of such Units which remains unpurchased does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate number of all of the Units to be purchased at such Time of Delivery, then the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the number of Units which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder at such Time of Delivery and, in addition, to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase its pro rata share (based on the number of Units which such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder) of the Units of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

 

(c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Units of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by you and the Company and Lazard Group Finance as provided in subsection (a) above, the aggregate number of such Units which remains unpurchased exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate number of all of the Units to be purchased at such Time of Delivery, or if the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall not exercise the right described in subsection (b) above to require non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase Units of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then this Agreement (or, with respect to the Second Time of Delivery, the obligations of the Underwriters to purchase and of the Company and Lazard Group Finance to sell the Optional Units) shall thereupon terminate, without liability on the part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, except for the expenses to be borne by the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance and the Underwriters as provided in Section 7 hereof and the indemnity and contribution agreements in Section 10 hereof; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

 

12. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and the several Underwriters, as set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof) made by or on behalf of any Underwriter or any controlling person of any Underwriter or the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, or any officer or director or controlling person of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, or any controlling person, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Units.

 

13. If this Agreement shall be terminated pursuant to Section 11 hereof, the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance shall not then be under any liability to any Underwriter except as provided in Sections 7 and 10 hereof; but, if for any other reason any Units are not delivered by or on behalf of the Company and Lazard Group Finance as provided herein, the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance will jointly and severally reimburse the

 

29


Underwriters through you for all out-of-pocket expenses approved in writing by you, including fees and disbursements of counsel, reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in making preparations for the purchase, sale and delivery of the Units not so delivered, but the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance shall then be under no further liability to any Underwriter in respect of the Units not so delivered except as provided in Sections 7 and 10 hereof.

 

14. In all dealings hereunder, you shall act on behalf of each of the Underwriters, and the parties hereto shall be entitled to act and rely upon any statement, request, notice or agreement on behalf of any Underwriter made or given by you jointly or by Goldman, Sachs & Co. on behalf of you as the representative.

 

All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and if to the Underwriters shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to you as the representative in care of Goldman, Sachs & Co., 32 Old Slip, 21st Floor, New York, New York 10005, Attention: Registration Department; and if to the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance or LAZ-MD Holdings shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to the address of the Company set forth in the Registration Statement, Attention: Secretary; and if to any person or entity set forth on Schedule II shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to the address or contact specified on such Schedule II; provided, however, that any notice to an Underwriter pursuant to Section 10(c) hereof shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile transmission to such Underwriter at its address set forth in its Underwriters’ Questionnaire or telex constituting such Questionnaire, which address will be supplied to the Company by you upon request. Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect upon receipt thereof.

 

15. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Underwriters, the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and, to the extent provided herein, the officers and directors of the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance and each person who controls the Company, Lazard Group, Lazard Group Finance or any Underwriter, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement. No purchaser of any of the Units from any Underwriter shall be deemed a successor or assign by reason merely of such purchase.

 

16. Each of the parties hereto irrevocably (i) agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may be instituted in any New York court, (ii) waives, to the fullest extent it may effectively do so, any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding and (iii) submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding. The Company irrevocably waives any immunity to jurisdiction to which it may otherwise be entitled or become entitled (including sovereign immunity, immunity to pre-judgment attachment, post-judgment attachment and execution) in any legal suit, action or proceeding against it arising out of or based on this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby which is instituted in any New York Court or in any competent court in Bermuda. Each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance has appointed                 , New York, New York, as its authorized agent (the “Authorized Agent”) upon whom process may be served in any such action arising out of or based on this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby which may be instituted in any New York Court by any Underwriter or by any person who controls any Underwriter, expressly consents to the jurisdiction of any such court in respect of any such action, and waives any other requirements of or objections to personal jurisdiction with respect thereto. Such appointment shall be irrevocable. Each of the

 

30


Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance represents and warrants that the Authorized Agent has agreed to act as such agent for service at process and agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents and instruments, that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as aforesaid. Service of process upon the Authorized Agent and written notice of such service to the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance shall be deemed, in every respect, effective service of process upon the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance, as applicable.

 

17. In respect of any judgment or order given or made for any amount due hereunder that is expressed and paid in a currency (the “judgment currency”) other than United States dollars, the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance will jointly and severally indemnify each Underwriter against any loss incurred by such Underwriter as a result of any variation as between (i) the rate of exchange at which the United States dollar amount is converted into the judgment currency for the purpose of such judgment or order and (ii) the rate of exchange at which an Underwriter is able to purchase United States dollars with the amount of the judgment currency actually received by such Underwriter. The foregoing indemnity shall constitute a separate and independent obligation of each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance and shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding any such judgment or order as aforesaid. The term “rate of exchange” shall include any premiums and costs of exchange payable in connection with the purchase of or conversion into United States dollars.

 

18. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day when the Commission’s office in Washington, D.C. is open for business.

 

19. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

 

20. This Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

21. Each of the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance is authorized, subject to applicable law, to disclose any and all aspects of this potential transaction that are necessary to support any U.S. federal income tax benefits expected to be claimed with respect to such transaction, and all materials of any kind (including tax opinions and other tax analyses) related to those benefits, without the Underwriters imposing any limitation of any kind.

 

31


If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us five counterparts hereof, and upon the acceptance hereof by you, on behalf of each of the Underwriters, this letter and such acceptance hereof shall constitute a binding agreement among each of the Underwriters, the Company, Lazard Group and Lazard Group Finance. It is understood that your acceptance of this letter on behalf of each of the Underwriters is pursuant to the authority set forth in a form of Agreement among Underwriters, the form of which shall be submitted to the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance for examination upon request, but without warranty on your part as to the authority of the signers thereof.

 

Very truly yours,

Lazard Ltd

By:

   
   

Name:

   

Title:

Lazard LLC

By:

   
   

Name:

   

Title:

Lazard Group Finance LLC

By:

   
   

Name:

   

Title:

 

Accepted as of the date hereof:

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

By:

   
   

Name:

   

Title:

 

    On behalf of each of the Underwriters

 

32


 

SCHEDULE I

 

Underwriter


   Total Number of
Firm Units
to be Purchased


   Number of Optional
Units to be
Purchased if
Maximum Option
Exercised


Goldman, Sachs & Co.

         

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

         

Lazard Frères & Co. LLC

         

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

         

Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated

         

Credit Suisse First Boston LLC

         

J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.

         
    
  

Total

         
    
  

 


 

SCHEDULE II

 


 

SCHEDULE III

 


 

ANNEX I

 

DESCRIPTION OF COMFORT LETTER

 

Pursuant to Section 8(i) of the Underwriting Agreement, the accountants shall furnish letters to the Underwriters to the effect that:

 

They are independent certified public accountants with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries within the meaning of the Act and the applicable published rules and regulations thereunder;

 

(i) In their opinion, the financial statements and any supplementary financial information and schedules (and, if applicable, financial forecasts and/or pro forma financial information) examined by them and included in the Prospectus or the Registration Statement comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related published rules and regulations thereunder; and they have made a review in accordance with standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants of the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, selected financial data, pro forma financial information, financial forecasts and/or condensed financial statements derived from audited financial statements of the Company for the periods specified in such letter, as indicated in their reports thereon, copies of which have been furnished to Goldman, Sachs & Co., as representative of the Underwriters (the “Representative”);

 

(ii) They have made a review in accordance with standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants of the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income, consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows included in the Prospectus as indicated in their reports thereon, copies of which have been furnished to the Representative, and on the basis of specified procedures, including inquiries of officials of the Company who have responsibility for financial and accounting matters regarding whether the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements referred to in paragraph (vi)(A)(i) below comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related published rules and regulations, nothing came to their attention that cause them to believe that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related published rules and regulations;

 

(iii) They have compared the information in the Prospectus under selected captions with the disclosure requirements of Regulation S-K and on the basis of limited procedures specified in such letter nothing came to their attention as a result of the foregoing procedures that caused them to believe that this information does not conform in all material respects with the disclosure requirements of Items 301, 302, 402 and 503(d), respectively, of Regulation S-K;

 

(iv) On the basis of limited procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, consisting of a reading of the unaudited financial statements and other information referred to below, a reading of the latest available interim financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, inspection of the minute books of the Company and its subsidiaries since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Prospectus, inquiries of officials of the Company and its subsidiaries responsible for financial and accounting matters and such other inquiries and procedures as may be specified in such letter, nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe that:

 


(A) (i) the unaudited consolidated statements of income, consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows included in the Prospectus do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the related published rules and regulations, or (ii) any material modifications should be made to the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income, consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows included in the Prospectus for them to be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(B) any other unaudited income statement data and balance sheet items included in the Prospectus do not agree with the corresponding items in the unaudited consolidated financial statements from which such data and items were derived, and any such unaudited data and items were not determined on a basis substantially consistent with the basis for the corresponding amounts in the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Prospectus;

 

(C) the unaudited financial statements which were not included in the Prospectus but from which were derived any unaudited condensed financial statements referred to in clause (A) and any unaudited income statement data and balance sheet items included in the Prospectus and referred to in clause (B) were not determined on a basis substantially consistent with the basis for the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Prospectus;

 

(D) any unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed financial statements included in the Prospectus do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act and the published rules and regulations thereunder or the pro forma adjustments have not been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of those statements;

 

(E) as of a specified date not more than five days prior to the date of such letter, there have been any changes in the consolidated capital stock (other than issuances of capital stock upon exercise of options and stock appreciation rights, upon earn-outs of performance shares and upon conversions of convertible securities, in each case which were outstanding on the date of the latest financial statements included in the Prospectus) or any increase in the consolidated long-term debt of the Company and its subsidiaries, or any decreases in consolidated net current assets or stockholders’ equity or other items specified by the Representative, or any increases in any items specified by the Representative, in each case as compared with amounts shown in the latest balance sheet included in the Prospectus, except in each case for changes, increases or decreases which the Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or which are described in such letter; and

 

(F) for the period from the date of the latest financial statements included in the Prospectus to the specified date referred to in clause (E) there were any decreases in consolidated net revenues or operating profit or the total or per share amounts of consolidated net income or other items specified by the Representative, or any increases in any

 

2


items specified by the Representative, in each case as compared with the comparable period of the preceding year and with any other period of corresponding length specified by the Representative, except in each case for decreases or increases which the Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or which are described in such letter; and

 

(v) In addition to the examination referred to in their report(s) included in the Prospectus and the limited procedures, inspection of minute books, inquiries and other procedures referred to in paragraphs (iii) and (vi) above, they have carried out certain specified procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, with respect to certain amounts, percentages and financial information specified by the Representative, which are derived from the general accounting records of the Company and its subsidiaries, which appear in the Prospectus, or in Part II of, or in exhibits and schedules to, the Registration Statement specified by the Representative, and have compared certain of such amounts, percentages and financial information with the accounting records of the Company and its subsidiaries and have found them to be in agreement.

 

3

Form of Indenture of Lazard Group Finance LLC

Exhibit 4.2

 


 

 

 

 

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

 


 

INDENTURE

 

Dated as of                 , 2005

 


 

The Bank of New York,

 

Trustee

 

 

 



TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

ARTICLE ONE

    

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

    

SECTION 1.01. Definitions.

   1

SECTION 1.02. Other Definitions.

   7

SECTION 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act

   7

SECTION 1.04. Rules of Construction

   8

ARTICLE TWO

    

THE SECURITIES

    

SECTION 2.01. Issuable in Series

   8

SECTION 2.02. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities

   8

SECTION 2.03. Denominations; Provisions for Payment

   11

SECTION 2.04. Execution and Authentication

   12

SECTION 2.05. Registrar and Paying Agent

   13

SECTION 2.06. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust

   14

SECTION 2.07. Holder Lists

   14

SECTION 2.08. Transfer and Exchange

   14

SECTION 2.09. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities

   15

SECTION 2.10. Outstanding Securities

   16

SECTION 2.11. Treasury Securities

   16

SECTION 2.12. Temporary Securities

   16

SECTION 2.13. Cancellation

   17

SECTION 2.14. Defaulted Interest

   17

SECTION 2.15. Global Securities.

   17

SECTION 2.16. CUSIP Numbers

   18

SECTION 2.17. Benefits of Indenture

   19

ARTICLE THREE

    

REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT

    

SECTION 3.01. Notices to Trustee

   19

SECTION 3.02. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed

   19

SECTION 3.03. Notice of Redemption

   20

SECTION 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption

   21

SECTION 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price

   21

SECTION 3.06. Securities Redeemed in Part

   21

 


ARTICLE FOUR

    

COVENANTS

    

SECTION 4.01. Payment of Securities

   22

SECTION 4.02. SEC Reports

   22

SECTION 4.03. Compliance Certificate

   22

SECTION 4.04. Further Instruments and Acts

   23

SECTION 4.05. Corporate Existence

   23

SECTION 4.06. Calculation of Original Issue Discount

   23

SECTION 4.07. Limitations on Liens

   23

SECTION 4.08. Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness

   23

SECTION 4.09. Limitation on Activities

   23

ARTICLE FIVE

    

SUCCESSOR COMPANIES

    

SECTION 5.01. Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets.

   24

SECTION 5.02. Surviving Person Substituted

   25

ARTICLE SIX

    

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

    

SECTION 6.01. Events of Default

   26

SECTION 6.02. Acceleration

   28

SECTION 6.03. Other Remedies

   29

SECTION 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults

   29

SECTION 6.05. Control by Majority

   29

SECTION 6.06. Limitation on Suits

   30

SECTION 6.07. Rights of Holders to Receive Payment

   30

SECTION 6.08. Collection Suit by Trustee

   30

SECTION 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim

   31

SECTION 6.10. Priorities

   31

SECTION 6.11. Undertaking for Costs

   31

SECTION 6.12. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws

   31

ARTICLE SEVEN

    

TRUSTEE

    

SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee

   32

SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee

   33

SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee

   34

 

ii


SECTION 7.04. Trustee’s Disclaimer

   34

SECTION 7.05. Notice of Defaults

   34

SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holder

   35

SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity

   35

SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee

   35

SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger

   36

SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification

   37

SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company

   37

ARTICLE EIGHT

    

LEGAL DEFEASANCE, COVENANT DEFEASANCE AND SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

    

SECTION 8.01. Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance

   37

SECTION 8.02. Legal Defeasance and Discharge

   37

SECTION 8.03. Covenant Defeasance

   38

SECTION 8.04. Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance

   38

SECTION 8.05. Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions

   40

SECTION 8.06. Repayment to Company

   40

SECTION 8.07. Reinstatement

   41

SECTION 8.08. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture

   41

ARTICLE NINE

    

AMENDMENTS

    

SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders

   42

SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders

   43

SECTION 9.03. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act

   44

SECTION 9.04. Revocation and Effect of Consents and Waivers

   44

SECTION 9.05. Notation on or Exchange of Securities

   45

SECTION 9.06. Trustee to Sign Amendments

   45

SECTION 9.07. Payment for Consent

   45

ARTICLE TEN

    

MISCELLANEOUS

    

SECTION 10.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls

   45

SECTION 10.02. Notices

   45

SECTION 10.03. Communication by Holders with Other Holders

   46

SECTION 10.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent

   46

SECTION 10.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion

   46

 

iii


SECTION 10.06. Acts of Holders

   47

SECTION 10.07. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar

   48

SECTION 10.08. Legal Holidays

   48

SECTION 10.09. Governing Law

   48
SECTION 10.10. No Recourse Against Others    48

SECTION 10.11. Successors

   49

SECTION 10.12. Multiple Originals

   49

SECTION 10.13. Table of Contents; Headings

   49

SECTION 10.14. Severability

   49

 

 

iv


CROSS-REFERENCE TABLE*

 

Trust Indenture Act Section


   Indenture Section

310

 

(a)(1)

   7.10
   

(a)(2)

   7.10
   

(a)(3)

   Not Applicable
   

(a)(4)

   Not Applicable
   

(a)(5)

   7.10
   

(b)

   7.10
   

(c)

   Not Applicable

311

 

(a)

   7.11
   

(b)

   7.11
   

(c)

   Not Applicable

312

 

(a)

   2.06
   

(b)

   10.03
   

(c)

   10.03

313

 

(a)

   7.06
   

(b)(1)

   Not Applicable
   

(b)(2)

   7.06
   

(c)

   7.06
   

(d)

   7.06

314

 

(a)

   4.02;4.03
   

(b)

   Not Applicable
   

(c)(1)

   10.04
   

(c)(2)

   10.04
   

(c)(3)

   Not Applicable
   

(d)

   Not Applicable
   

(e)

   10.05
   

(f)

   Not Applicable

315

 

(a)

   7.01
   

(b)

   7.05
   

(c)

   7.01
   

(d)

   7.01
   

(e)

   6.11

316

 

(a) (last sentence)

   2.10
   

(a)(1)(A)

   6.05
   

(a)(1)(B)

   6.04
   

(a)(2)

   Not Applicable
   

(b)

   6.07
   

(c)

   2.13
   

317 (a)(1)

   6.08
   

(a)(2)

   6.09
   

(b)

   2.05
   

318 (a)

   10.01
   

(b)

   Not Applicable
   

(c)

   10.01
* This Cross Reference Table is not part of the Indenture.

 

 

vi


INDENTURE dated as of                 , 2005 between LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and The Bank of New York, a New York corporation, as trustee.

 

The Company and the Trustee agree as follows for the benefit of each other and for the equal and ratable benefit of the Holders of the securities issued under this Indenture (the “Securities”):

 

ARTICLE ONE

 

DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

 

SECTION 1.01. Definitions.

 

For all purposes under this Indenture and any supplemental indenture hereto, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

“Affiliate” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), when used with respect to any Person, shall mean the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise.

 

“Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or co-registrar.

 

“Bankruptcy Law” means (i) Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors or (ii) with respect to Lazard Ltd, any and all relevant provisions of the Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda, or any successor thereto, relating to the winding up of Lazard Ltd (including without limitation in the circumstances set out in Section 95 of the Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda).

 

“Board of Directors” means the Board of Directors of the Company, or any authorized committee of the Board of Directors.

 

“Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the Trustee.

 

“Business Day” means any day other than a Legal Holiday.

 

1


“Capital Stock” means, with respect to any Person, any shares or other equivalents (however designated) of any class of corporate stock or partnership interests or any other participations, rights, warrants, options or other interests in the nature of an equity interest in such Person, including preferred stock, but excluding any debt security convertible or exchangeable into such equity interest.

 

“Clearstream” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme.

 

“Commodity Price Protection Agreement” means, in respect of a Person, any forward contract, commodity swap agreement, commodity option agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in commodity prices.

 

“Company” means Lazard Group Finance LLC, and any and all successors thereto.

 

“Company Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer.

 

“Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee” shall be the address of the Trustee specified in Section 10.02 hereof or such other address as to which the Trustee may give notice to the Company.

 

“Currency Exchange Protection Agreement” means, in respect of a Person, any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement, currency option or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person against fluctuations in currency exchange rates.

 

“Debt” means, with respect to any Person (without duplication):

 

(a) the principal of and premium (if any) in respect of any obligation of such Person for money borrowed, and any obligation evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar instruments for the payment of which such Person is responsible or liable;

 

(b) all obligations of such Person as lessee under leases required to be capitalized on the balance sheet of the lessee under generally accepted accounting principles and leases of Property made as part of any sale and leaseback transaction entered into by such Person;

 

(c) all obligations of such Person issued or assumed as the deferred purchase price of Property, all conditional sale obligations of such Person and all obligations of such Person under any title retention agreement (but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business);

 

(d) all obligations of such Person for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or similar credit transaction;

 

2


(e) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (a) through (d) of other Persons and all dividends of other Persons for the payment of which, in either case, such Person is responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, as obligor, guarantor or otherwise, including by means of any Guarantee;

 

(f) all obligations of the type referred to in clauses (a) through (d) of other Persons secured by any Lien on any Property of such Person (whether or not such obligation is assumed by such Person); and

 

(g) to the extent not otherwise included in this definition, obligations pursuant to any Interest Rate Agreement, Currency Exchange Protection Agreement, Commodity Price Protection Agreement or any other similar agreement or arrangement of such Person.

 

“Default” means any event that is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

 

“Definitive Security” means a certificated Security registered in the name of the Holder thereof and issued in accordance with Section 2.08 hereof.

 

“Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities issuable or issued in whole or in part in global form, the Person specified in Section 2.15 hereof as the Depositary with respect to the Securities, and any and all successors thereto appointed as depositary hereunder and having become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Indenture.

 

“Dollar” means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or currency of the United States as at the time shall be legal tender for the payment of public and private debt.

 

“Euroclear” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System.

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

“Foreign Currency” means any currency or currency unit issued by a government other than the government of The United States of America.

 

“GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect from time to time, including those principles set forth in (i) the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, (ii) statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, (iii) such other statements by such other entity as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession and (iv) the rules and regulations of the SEC governing the inclusion of financial statements (including pro forma financial statements) in periodic reports required to be filed pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, including opinions and pronouncements in staff accounting bulletins and

 

3


similar written statements from the accounting staff of the SEC which are in effect on the date hereof.

 

“Global Security” when used with respect to any Series of Securities issued hereunder, means a Security which is executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee to the Depositary or pursuant to the Depositary’s instruction, all in accordance with this Indenture and an indenture supplemental hereto, if any, or Board Resolution and pursuant to a Company Order, which shall be registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee and which shall represent, and shall be denominated in an amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of, all the outstanding Securities of such Series or any portion thereof, in either case having the same terms, including, without limitation, the same original issue date, date or dates on which principal is due, and interest rate or method of determining interest and which shall bear the legend as prescribed by Section 2.15(c).

 

“Global Security Legend” means the legend set forth in Section 2.15(c), which is required to be placed on all Global Securities issued under this Indenture.

 

“Guarantee” means a guarantee (other than by endorsement of negotiable instruments for collection in the ordinary course of business), direct or indirect, in any manner (including, without limitation, by way of a pledge of assets or through letters of credit or reimbursement agreements in respect thereof), of all or any part of any Debt. The term “Guarantor” shall mean any Person Guaranteeing any obligation.

 

“Holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered on the Registrar’s books.

 

“Indenture” means this Indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time.

 

“Interest Payment Date” when used with respect to any Series of Securities, means the date specified in such Securities for the payment of any installment of interest on those Securities.

 

“Interest Rate Agreement” means, for any Person, any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement designed to protect against fluctuations in interest rates.

 

“Lazard Group” means Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will be renamed “Lazard Group LLC.”

 

“Lazard Group Merger” means the merger or consolidation of the Company with and into Lazard Group, with Lazard Group continuing as the surviving entity, or a liquidation or dissolution pursuant to which all of the assets of the Company are transferred to Lazard Group.

 

4


“Lazard Group Notes” means the           % senior notes issued pursuant to indenture dated as of                 , 2005, between Lazard Group and The Bank of New York, as trustee, as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Indenture.

 

“Lazard Ltd” means Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda corporation.

 

“Lien” means, with respect to any Property of any Person, any mortgage or deed of trust, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, security interest, lien, charge, encumbrance, preference, priority or other security agreement or preferential arrangement of any kind or nature whatsoever on or with respect to such Property (including any capital lease obligation, conditional sale or other title retention agreement having substantially the same economic effect as any of the foregoing or any sale and leaseback transaction).

 

“Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or installment of principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption, notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise.

 

“Offering” means the offering of the Securities by the Company.

 

“Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of such Person.

 

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed on behalf of the Company by two Officers of the Company, one of whom must be the principal executive officer, the principal financial officer, the treasurer or the principal accounting officer of the Company, that meets the requirements of Section 10.04 hereof.

 

“Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion from legal counsel, that meets the requirements of Section 10.04 hereof. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company, any Subsidiary of the Company or the Trustee.

 

“Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

 

“Participant” means, with respect to the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, a Person who has an account with the Depositary, Euroclear or Clearstream, respectively (and, with respect to the Depository Trust Company, shall include Euroclear and Clearstream).

 

“Paying Agent” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.05.

 

5


“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof or any other entity.

 

“Property” means, with respect to any Person, any interest of such Person in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed, or tangible or intangible, including Capital Stock in, and other securities of, any other Person.

 

“Registrar” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.05.

 

“Responsible Officer” with respect to the Trustee, means any Vice President, Assistant Vice President, Assistant Treasurer or any other officer of the Trustee assigned by the Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters and who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by such Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such Person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who shall have direct responsibility for administration of this Indenture.

 

“SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

“Securities” has the meaning assigned to it in the preamble to this Indenture.

 

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

“Series” or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.01 and 2.02 hereof.

 

“Service Agent” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.05.

 

“Significant Subsidiary” means any Subsidiary that would be a “Significant Subsidiary” of the Company within the meaning of Rule 1-02 under Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC.

 

“Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which an amount equal to the principal amount of such Security is due and payable.

 

“Subsidiary” of any Person means any corporation, limited liability company, association, partnership or other business entity of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of Capital Stock or other interests (including partnership interests) entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by (i) such Person, (ii) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such Person or (iii) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.

 

6


“TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. §§ 77aaa-77bbbb) and the rules and regulations thereunder as in effect on the date on which this Indenture is qualified under the TIA, except as provided in Section 9.03.

 

“Trustee” means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Indenture and thereafter means the successor serving hereunder.

 

“Trust Officer” means any officer within the Corporate Trust Administration department of the Trustee (or any successor group of the trustee) with direct responsibility for the administration of this Indenture and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

 

“U.S. Government Obligations” means direct obligations (or certificates representing an ownership interest in such obligations) of the United States of America (including any agency or instrumentality thereof) for the payment of which the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged and which are not callable or redeemable at the issuer’s option.

 

“U.S. Person” means a U.S. person as defined in Rule 902(k) under the Securities Act.

 

“Voting Stock” of any Person means all classes of Capital Stock or other interests (including partnership interests) of such Person then outstanding and normally entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof.

 

SECTION 1.02. Other Definitions.

 

Term


   Defined in Section

“Covenant Defeasance”

   8.03

“Event of Default”

   6.01

“Legal Defeasance”

   8.02

“Legal Holiday”

   10.08

 

SECTION 1.03. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. This Indenture is subject to the mandatory provisions of the TIA, which are incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings:

 

“indenture securities” means the Securities;

 

“indenture security Holder” means a Holder of a Security;

 

“indenture to be qualified” means this Indenture;

 

“indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee; and

 

7


“obligor” on the Securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities.

 

All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by the TIA’s reference to another statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA have the meanings so assigned to them.

 

SECTION 1.04. Rules of Construction. Unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(1) a term has the meaning assigned to it;

 

(2) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning assigned to it in accordance with GAAP;

 

(3) ”or” is not exclusive;

 

(4) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular;

 

(5) provisions apply to successive events and transactions; and

 

(6) references to sections of or rules under the Securities Act shall be deemed to include substitute, replacement or successor sections or rules adopted by the SEC from time to time.

 

ARTICLE TWO

 

THE SECURITIES

 

SECTION 2.01. Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is $400,000,000. The Securities may be issued in one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any matters.

 

SECTION 2.02. Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be established (as to the Series generally, in the case of Subsection 2.02(a) and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of Subsections 2.02(b) through 2.02(w)) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution:

 

8


(a) the title of the Securities of the Series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series);

 

(b) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the Series);

 

(c) the date or dates on which the principal and premium of the Securities of the Series are payable;

 

(d) the rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable) at which the Securities of the Series shall bear interest, if any, or the method of determining such rate or rates, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest, if any, shall be payable or the method by which such dates will be determined, the record dates for the determination of Holders thereof to whom such interest is payable (in the case of Securities in registered form), and the basis upon which such interest will be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months;

 

(e) the currency or currencies, including composite currencies in which Securities of the Series shall be denominated, if other than Dollars, the place or places, if any, in addition to or instead of the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee (in the case of Securities in registered form) or the principal New York office of the Trustee (in the case of Securities in bearer form), where the principal, premium and interest with respect to Securities of such Series shall be payable or the method of such payment, if by wire transfer, mail or other means;

 

(f) the price or prices at which, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part at the option of the Company or otherwise;

 

(g) the form of the Securities of the Series and whether Securities of the Series are to be issued in registered form or bearer form or both and, if Securities are to be issued in bearer form, whether coupons will be attached to them, whether Securities of the Series in bearer form may be exchanged for Securities of the Series issued in registered form, and the circumstances under which and the places at which any such exchanges, if permitted, may be made;

 

(h) if any Securities of the Series are to be issued in bearer form or as one or more Global Securities representing individual Securities of the Series in bearer form, whether certain provisions for the payment of additional interest or tax redemptions shall apply; whether interest with respect to any portion of a temporary Security of the Series in bearer form payable with respect to any Interest Payment Date prior to the exchange of such temporary Security in bearer form for definitive Securities of the Series in bearer form shall be paid to any clearing organization with respect to the portion of such temporary Security in bearer form held for its account and, in such event, the terms and conditions (including any certification requirements) upon which any such interest payment received

 

9


by a clearing organization will be credited to the Persons entitled to interest payable on such Interest Payment Date; and the terms upon which a temporary Security in bearer form may be exchanged for one or more definitive Securities of the Series in bearer form;

 

(i) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, purchase or repay the Securities of the Series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the price or prices at which, the period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which, Securities of the Series shall be redeemed, purchased or repaid, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligations;

 

(j) the terms, if any, upon which the Securities of the Series may be convertible into or exchanged for any of the Company’s common stock, preferred stock, other debt securities or warrants for common stock, preferred stock or other securities of any kind and the terms and conditions upon which such conversion or exchange shall be effected, including the initial conversion or exchange price or rate, the conversion or exchange period and any other additional provisions;

 

(k) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series shall be issuable;

 

(l) if the amount of principal, premium or interest with respect to the Securities of the Series may be determined with reference to an index or pursuant to a formula, the manner in which such amounts will be determined;

 

(m) if the principal amount payable at the Stated Maturity of Securities of the Series will not be determinable as of any one or more dates prior to such Stated Maturity, the amount that will be deemed to be such principal amount as of any such date for any purpose, including the principal amount thereof which will be due and payable upon any Maturity other than the Stated Maturity and which will be deemed to be outstanding as of any such date (or, in any such case, the manner in which such deemed principal amount is to be determined), and if necessary, the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in Dollars;

 

(n) the applicability of or any changes or additions to the defeasance and discharge provisions of Article Eight;

 

(o) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02;

 

(p) the terms, if any, of the transfer, mortgage, pledge or assignment as security for the Securities of the Series of any properties, assets, moneys, proceeds, securities or other collateral, including whether certain provisions of the TIA are applicable and any corresponding changes to provisions of this Indenture as then in effect;

 

(q) any addition to or change in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders

 

10


of such Series of Securities to declare the principal amount of, premium, if any, and interest on such Series of Securities due and payable pursuant to Section 6.02;

 

(r) if the Securities of the Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a Global Security, the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual Definitive Securities of such Series, the Depositary for such Global Security and the form of any legend or legends to be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of the Global Securities Legend;

 

(s) any Trustee, authenticating agent, Paying Agent, transfer agent, Service Agent or Registrar;

 

(t) the applicability of, and any addition to or change in, the covenants (and the related definitions) set forth in Articles Four or Five which applies to Securities of the Series;

 

(u) with regard to Securities of the Series that do not bear interest, the dates for certain required reports to the Trustee;

 

(v) the terms applicable to Original Issue Discount Securities, including the rate or rates at which original issue discount will accrue;

 

(w) any other terms of Securities of the Series (which terms shall not be prohibited by the provisions of this Indenture).

 

All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not be increased to provide for issuances of additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate.

 

SECTION 2.03. Denominations; Provisions for Payment. The Securities shall be issuable, except as otherwise provided with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.02, as registered Securities in the denominations of one thousand Dollars ($1,000) or any integral multiple thereof, subject to Sections 2.02(e) and 2.02(k). The Securities of any Series shall bear interest payable on the dates and at the rate specified with respect to that Series. Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 2.02 with respect to Securities of any Series, the principal of and the interest on the Securities of any Series, as well as any premium thereon in case of redemption thereof prior to maturity, shall be payable in Dollars. Such payment shall be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, the City and State of New York. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication. Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 2.02, interest on the Securities shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year composed of twelve 30-day months.

 

11


The interest installment on any Security that is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date for Securities of that Series shall be paid to the Person in whose name said Security (or one or more predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest installment.

 

Unless otherwise set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate establishing the terms of any series of Securities pursuant to Section 2.02 hereof, the term “regular record date” as used in this Section with respect to Securities of any Series with respect to any Interest Payment Date for such Series shall mean (i) either the fifteenth day of the month immediately preceding the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.02 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the first day of a month or (ii) the first day of the month in which an Interest Payment Date established for such series pursuant to Section 2.02 hereof shall occur, if such Interest Payment Date is the fifteenth day of a month, whether or not such date is a Business Day.

 

Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security of a Series delivered under this Indenture upon transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security of such Series shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, that were carried by such other Security.

 

SECTION 2.04. Execution and Authentication. One or more Officers shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature. If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the Security shall nevertheless be valid. A Security shall not be valid until authenticated by the manual signature of the Trustee or an authenticating agent. The signature shall be conclusive evidence that the Security has been authenticated under this Indenture. The Securities may contain such notations, legends or endorsements required by law, stock exchange rule or usage.

 

The Trustee shall at any time, and from time to time, authenticate Securities for original issue in the principal amount provided in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate, upon receipt by the Trustee of a Company Order. Such Company Order may authorize authentication and delivery pursuant to oral or electronic instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agent or agents, which oral instructions shall be promptly confirmed in writing. Each Security shall be dated the date of its authentication unless otherwise provided by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate.

 

The aggregate principal amount of Securities of any Series outstanding at any time may not exceed any limit upon the maximum principal amount for such Series set forth in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.02, except as provided in Section 2.09.

 

Prior to the issuance of Securities of any Series, the Trustee shall have received and (subject to Section 7.02) shall be fully protected in relying on: (a) the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate establishing the form of

 

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the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series and the terms of the Securities of that Series or of Securities within that Series, (b) an Officers’ Certificate complying with Section 10.04, and (c) an Opinion of Counsel complying with Section 10.04.

 

The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if the Trustee in good faith by its board of directors or trustees, executive committee or a trust committee of directors and/or vice-presidents shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities.

 

The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate of the Company.

 

SECTION 2.05. Registrar and Paying Agent. So long as Securities of any Series remaining outstanding, the Company agrees to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, the City and State of New York (or any other place or places specified with respect to such Series pursuant to Section 2.02), where Securities of such Series may be presented or surrendered for payment (“Paying Agent”), where Securities of such Series may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”) and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of such Series and this Indenture may be served (“Service Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or address, of each office or agency, Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency, Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

 

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars, additional paying agents or additional service agents and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent in each place so specified pursuant to Section 2.02 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar, additional paying agent or additional service agent. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar; the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent; and the term “Service Agent” includes any additional service agent.

 

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The Company hereby appoints the Trustee as the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent for each Series unless another Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued.

 

SECTION 2.06. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. The Company shall require each Paying Agent, other than the Trustee, to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of Holders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, (i) the agreement to hold sums in trust as provided in this Section is subject to the provisions of Section 8.06, and (ii) the Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or direct any paying agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same terms and conditions as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary) shall be released from all further liability with respect to the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of Holders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent.

 

SECTION 2.07. Holder Lists. (a) The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of Holders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA § 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each Interest Payment Date and at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Holders of each Series of Securities.

 

(b) The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 2.07(a) upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

 

SECTION 2.08. Transfer and Exchange. When Securities of a Series are presented to the Registrar or a co-registrar with a request to register a transfer or to exchange them for an equal principal amount of Securities of the same Series, the Registrar shall register the transfer or make the exchange if its requirements for such transactions are met. To permit registrations of transfers and exchanges, the Trustee shall authenticate Securities at the Registrar’s request. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.12, 3.06 or 9.05).

 

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Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series during the period beginning at the opening of business fifteen days immediately preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer or exchange of Securities of any Series selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part.

 

All Securities presented or surrendered for exchange or registration of transfer, as provided in this Section, shall be accompanied (if so required by the Company or the Registrar) by a written instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Company or the Registrar, duly executed by the Holder or by such Holder’s duly authorized attorney in writing.

 

The provisions of this Section 2.08 are, with respect to any Global Security, subject to Section 2.15 hereof.

 

SECTION 2.09. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security (without surrender thereof except in the case of a mutilated Security) if the applicant for such payment shall furnish to the Company and the Trustee such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, and, in case of destruction, loss or theft, evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of such Security and of the ownership thereof.

 

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

 

Every new Security of any Series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual

 

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obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly issued hereunder.

 

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) any and all other rights and remedies, notwithstanding any law or statute existing or hereafter enacted to the contrary, with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities, negotiable instruments or other securities.

 

SECTION 2.10. Outstanding Securities. The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding.

 

If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.09, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced Security is held by a bona fide purchaser.

 

If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary of the Company or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue.

 

A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate holds the Security.

 

In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.02.

 

SECTION 2.11. Treasury Securities. In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Company or an Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that a Responsible Officer of the Trustee actually knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. Subject to the foregoing, only Securities outstanding at the time shall be considered in any such determination.

 

SECTION 2.12. Temporary Securities. Until Definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon a Company Order. Temporary Securities shall be substantially in the form

 

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of Definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon request shall authenticate Definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary Securities shall have the same rights under this Indenture as the Definitive Securities.

 

SECTION 2.13. Cancellation. The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall dispose of such canceled Securities according to its normal operating procedures (subject to the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) and deliver a certificate of such destruction to the Company, unless the Company otherwise directs. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has paid or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation.

 

SECTION 2.14. Defaulted Interest. If the Company defaults in a payment of interest on a Series of Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Holders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least 30 days before the record date, the Company shall mail to the Trustee and to each Holder of the Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner.

 

SECTION 2.15. Global Securities.

 

(a) Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate shall establish whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depositary for such Global Security or Securities.

 

(b) Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.08 of the Indenture and in addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.08 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depositary for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depositary notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or if at any time such Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to appoint a successor Depositary within 90 days of such event, (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (iii) an Event of Default with respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have occurred and be continuing. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depositary shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security with like tenor and terms.

 

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Except as provided in this Section 2.15(b), a Global Security may only be transferred in whole but not in part (i) by the Depositary with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depositary, (ii) by a nominee of such Depositary to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or (iii) by the Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary or a nominee of such a successor Depositary.

 

(c) Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

“THIS SECURITY IS HELD BY THE DEPOSITARY (AS DEFINED IN THE INDENTURE GOVERNING THIS SECURITY) OR ITS NOMINEE IN CUSTODY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE BENEFICIAL OWNERS HEREOF, AND IS NOT TRANSFERABLE TO ANY PERSON UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES EXCEPT THAT (A) THE TRUSTEE MAY MAKE SUCH NOTATIONS HEREON AS MAY BE REQUIRED PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.04 OF THE INDENTURE, (B) THIS SECURITY MAY BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.15(B) OF THE INDENTURE, (C) THIS SECURITY MAY BE DELIVERED TO THE TRUSTEE FOR CANCELLATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 2.13 OF THE INDENTURE AND (D) EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN SECTION 2.15(B) OF THE INDENTURE, THIS SECURITY MAY BE TRANSFERRED, IN WHOLE BUT NOT IN PART, ONLY (X) BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY, (Y) BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR (Z) BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR TO A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.”

 

(d) Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 2.02, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof.

 

(e) Consents, Declaration and Directions. Except as provided in Section 2.15(d), the Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to this Indenture.

 

SECTION 2.16. CUSIP Numbers. The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that neither the Company nor the Trustee shall have any responsibility for any defect in the “CUSIP” number that appears on any Security, check, advice of payment or redemption notice, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or

 

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omission of such numbers. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee of any change in CUSIP numbers.

 

SECTION 2.17. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give or be construed to give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and the holders of the Securities, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Indenture, or under any covenant, condition or provision herein contained; all such covenants, conditions and provisions being for the sole benefit of the parties hereto and of the holders of the Securities.

 

ARTICLE THREE

 

REDEMPTION AND PREPAYMENT

 

SECTION 3.01. Notices to Trustee. The Company may, with respect to any Series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Series of Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee of the redemption date and the principal amount of Securities of the Series to be redeemed and the redemption price. The Company shall give such notice to the Trustee at least 30 but no more that 60 days before the redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to the Trustee).

 

SECTION 3.02. Selection of Securities to be Redeemed. Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officer’s Certificate, if less than all of the Securities are to be redeemed or purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed or purchased as follows:

 

(1) if the Securities are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which the Securities are listed; or

 

(2) if the Securities are not listed on any national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis, by lot or by such other method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate.

 

Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, no Securities of $1,000 of principal amount or less will be redeemed in part. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities called for redemption. The Trustee shall make the selection at least 25 days but not more than 60 days before the redemption date from outstanding Securities of a Series not previously called for redemption.

 

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If any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice of redemption that relates to such Security shall state the portion of the principal amount of that Security to be redeemed. A new Security in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion of the original Security presented for redemption will be issued in the name of the Holder thereof upon cancellation of the original Security. Securities called for redemption become irrevocably due on the date fixed for redemption at the applicable redemption price, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. On and after the redemption date, unless the Company defaults in making the applicable redemption payment, interest ceases to accrue or accrete on Securities or portions of them called for redemption.

 

SECTION 3.03. Notice of Redemption. Unless otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail or cause to be mailed, by first class mail, a notice of redemption to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed at its registered address.

 

The notice shall identify the Securities to be redeemed and shall state:

 

(1) the redemption date;

 

(2) the redemption price or the appropriate calculation of the redemption price, which in each case will include interest accrued and unpaid to the date fixed for redemption;

 

(3) if any Security is being redeemed in part, the portion of the principal amount of such Security to be redeemed and that, after the redemption date upon surrender of such Security, a new Security or Securities in principal amount equal to the unredeemed portion shall be issued upon cancellation of the original Security;

 

(4) the name and address of the Paying Agent;

 

(5) that Securities called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

 

(6) that, unless the Company defaults in making such redemption payment, interest on Securities (or portion thereof) called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date;

 

(7) the paragraph of the Securities and/or provision of this Indenture or any supplemental indenture pursuant to which the Securities called for redemption are being redeemed; and

 

(8) the CUSIP number, if any, printed on the Securities being redeemed;

 

(9) that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number, if any, listed in such notice or printed on the Securities.

 

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At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense; provided, however, that the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee, at least 45 days prior to the redemption date, an Officers’ Certificate requesting that the Trustee give such notice and setting forth the information to be stated in such notice as required by this Section.

 

SECTION 3.04. Effect of Notice of Redemption. Once notice of redemption is mailed in accordance with Section 3.03 hereof, Securities called for redemption become irrevocably due and payable on the redemption date at the redemption price. A notice of redemption may not be conditional.

 

Failure to give notice or any defect in the notice to any Holder shall not affect the validity of the notice to any other Holder.

 

SECTION 3.05. Deposit of Redemption Price. Prior to 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the redemption date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with the Paying Agent (or, if the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company is the Paying Agent, shall segregate and hold in trust) money sufficient to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, all Securities to be redeemed on that date, other than Securities or portions of Securities called for redemption that have been delivered by the Company to the Trustee for cancellation. The Trustee or the Paying Agent shall as promptly as practicable return to the Company any money deposited with the Trustee or the Paying Agent by the Company in excess of the amounts necessary to pay the redemption price of, and accrued interest on, all Securities to be redeemed. If such money is then held by the Company in trust and is not required for such purpose it shall be discharged from such trust.

 

If the Company complies with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, on and after the redemption date, interest shall cease to accrue on the Securities or the portions of Securities called for redemption. If a Security is redeemed on or after an interest record date but on or prior to the related interest payment date, then any accrued and unpaid interest shall be paid to the Person in whose name such Security was registered at the close of business on such record date. If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender for redemption because of the failure of the Company to comply with the preceding paragraph, interest shall be paid on the unpaid principal, from the redemption date until such principal is paid, and, to the extent lawful, on any interest not paid on such unpaid principal, in each case at the rate provided in the Securities.

 

SECTION 3.06. Securities Redeemed in Part. Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Company shall execute and, upon the Company’s written request, the Trustee shall authenticate for the Holder (at the Company’s expense) a new Security equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered.

 

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ARTICLE FOUR

 

COVENANTS

 

SECTION 4.01. Payment of Securities. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually make all payments in respect of each Series of Securities on the dates and in the manner provided in such Series of Securities and this Indenture. Such payments shall be considered made on the date due if on such date the Trustee or the Paying Agent holds, in accordance with this Indenture, money sufficient to make all payments with respect to such Securities then due.

 

SECTION 4.02. SEC Reports. Unless otherwise indicated in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officer’s Certificate, notwithstanding that the Company may not be subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, so long as any Securities are outstanding, the Company shall furnish to the Holders copies of its annual report and the information, documents and other reports that are specified in Sections 13 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of the covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers’ Certificates). The Company also shall comply with the other provisions of TIA § 314(a).

 

If at any time Lazard Ltd guarantees all the Securities of each Series outstanding (there being no obligation of Lazard Ltd to do so), holds no material assets other than cash, cash equivalents and the Capital Stock of the Company or of any direct or indirect parent entity of the Company and complies with Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC (or any successor provision), the reports, information and other documents required to be filed and furnished to the Holders of Securities pursuant to this provision may, at the option of the Company, be filed by and be those of Lazard Ltd rather than the Company.

 

In addition, whether or not required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, the Company shall file a copy of all such information and reports with the SEC for public availability within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing) and make such information available to securities analysts and prospective investors upon request. The Company shall at all times comply with TIA § 314(a).

 

SECTION 4.03. Compliance Certificate. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company an Officers’ Certificate stating that in the course of the performance by the signers of their duties as Officers of the Company they would normally have knowledge of any Default and whether or not the signers know of any Default that occurred during such period. If they do, the certificate shall describe the Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or

 

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proposes to take with respect thereto. The Company also shall comply with TIA § 314(a)(4).

 

SECTION 4.04. Further Instruments and Acts. The Company shall execute and deliver to the Trustee such further instruments and do such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purpose of this Indenture.

 

SECTION 4.05. Corporate Existence. Subject to Article Five hereof, the Company shall do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect:

 

(1) its limited liability company existence, and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each of its Subsidiaries, in accordance with the respective organizational documents (as the same may be amended from time to time) of the Company or any such Subsidiary and

 

(2) the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any of its Subsidiaries, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders of the Securities.

 

SECTION 4.06. Calculation of Original Issue Discount. The Company shall file with the Trustee promptly at the end of each calendar year (i) a written notice specifying the amount of original issue discount (including daily rates and accrual periods) accrued on outstanding Securities as of the end of such year and (ii) such other specific information relating to such original issue discount as may then be relevant under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

 

SECTION 4.07. Limitations on Liens. The Company shall not, directly or indirectly, incur or suffer to exist, any Lien upon any of the voting stock or other voting equity or managing member interests of Lazard Group or any subsidiary of the Company that holds any such stock or equity interest of Lazard Group. The Company shall not permit Lazard Group, and shall not permit any Subsidiary of Lazard Group to, incur or suffer to exist, any Lien securing Debt upon any Capital Stock of the Company that is owned, directly or indirectly, by Lazard Group or any Subsidiary of Lazard Group.

 

SECTION 4.08. Limitation on Incurrence of Indebtedness. The Company shall not create, assume, incur, guarantee or otherwise suffer to exist any Debt of the Company other than Debt outstanding under this Indenture for so long as any such Debt under this Indenture is outstanding.

 

SECTION 4.09. Limitation on Activities. The Company shall not engage in any business or activity or incur any obligation other than as may be necessary from time to time in connection with its status as the issuer of the Securities and as the managing member of Lazard Group.

 

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ARTICLE FIVE

 

SUCCESSOR COMPANIES

 

SECTION 5.01. Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets.

 

(a) The Company. Unless otherwise provided for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an Officers’ Certificate, the Company shall not merge, consolidate or amalgamate with or into any other Person or liquidate or dissolve (by way of distribution, dividend or otherwise), provided that Lazard Group Finance may merge with and into Lazard Group pursuant to a Lazard Group Merger. The Company shall not permit any of its Voting Stock (or, following a Lazard Group merger, Lazard Group shall not permit any of the Voting Stock of Lazard Group) to be beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any Person other than Lazard Ltd or its wholly owned Subsidiaries. Prior to a Lazard Group Merger, the Company shall not permit any of its Capital Stock (other than its Voting Stock) to be beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any Person other than Lazard Group or its wholly owned Subsidiaries.

 

(b) Lazard Group Merger. The Company shall be permitted to effect a Lazard Group Merger, provided that the following conditions are satisfied:

 

(A) Lazard Group expressly assumes, by supplemental indenture in form satisfactory to the Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee by Lazard Group, the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on, all the Securities of all Series outstanding, according to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance of all the covenants and conditions of this Indenture to be performed by the Company;

 

(B) simultaneously with the Lazard Group Merger, the Lazard Group Notes pledged to secure the Securities secured thereby are exchanged for such Securities (i.e., the Lazard Group Notes will take the place of such Securities, including for purposes of acting as collateral for the obligations of the Holder under the related purchase contract, as applicable);

 

(C) immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction or series of transactions, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

 

(D) the Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Trustee, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such transaction and the supplemental indenture, if any, in respect thereto comply with this Section and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been satisfied; and

 

(E) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a result of such transaction or series of transactions and will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same

 

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manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such transaction or series of transactions had not occurred.

 

(c) Lazard Group. The Company shall beneficially own, directly or indirectly, all of the Voting Stock of Lazard Group (or the applicable Surviving Person, as defined below), provided that, following a Lazard Group Merger, Lazard Group, as the successor to the Company, shall not permit any Person (other than Lazard Ltd and its wholly owned subsidiaries) to beneficially own any of its Voting Stock. Subject to the foregoing sentence, Lazard Group (i) shall be permitted to merge, consolidate or amalgamate with or into any other Person and (ii) shall be permitted to sell, transfer, assign, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its property to any other Person or to buy substantially all of the assets of any other Person in one transaction or a series of transactions, provided the following conditions are satisfied:

 

(A) Lazard Group shall be the surviving Person (the “Surviving Person”) or the Surviving Person (if other than Lazard Group) formed by such merger, consolidation or amalgamation or to which such sale, transfer, assignment, lease, conveyance or disposition is made shall be organized under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

(B) in the case of a sale, transfer, assignment, lease, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Property of Lazard Group, such Property shall have been transferred as an entirety or virtually as an entirety to one Person;

 

(C) immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction or series of transactions, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing;

 

(D) the Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Trustee, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such transaction and the supplemental indenture, if any, in respect thereto comply with this Section and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been satisfied; and

 

(E) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a result of such transaction or series of transactions and will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such transaction or series of transactions had not occurred.

 

SECTION 5.02. Surviving Person Substituted. (a) In case of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, conveyance, assignment, transfer, lease or other disposition and upon the assumption by the successor entity, by supplemental indenture, executed and delivered to the Trustee and satisfactory in form to the Trustee, of the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on all of the Securities

 

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of all series outstanding and the due and punctual performance of all of the covenants and conditions of this Indenture or established with respect to each series of the Securities pursuant to Section 2.02 to be performed by the Company with respect to each series, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for and may exercise every right and power of the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if it had been named as the Company herein, and thereupon the predecessor entity shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.

 

(b) In case of any such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, sale, conveyance, assignment, transfer, lease or other disposition such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

 

(c) Nothing contained in this Indenture or in any of the Securities shall prevent the Company from merging with or into another person for the sole purpose of effecting a change of jurisdiction of organization, provided that the successor person is organized under the laws of a State or the District of Columbia or under federal law and takes the action specified in Section 5.01(b)(A) (with such successor person being substituted for Lazard Group for purposes of such clause).

 

ARTICLE SIX

 

DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES

 

SECTION 6.01. Events of Default. Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series of Securities by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto, or an Officers’ Certificate, each of the following constitutes an “Event of Default” with respect to each Series of Securities:

 

(1) default in the payment of the principal or redemption price with respect to any Security of such Series when such amount becomes due and payable;

 

(2) default for 30 days in the payment of interest (including additional interest, if any,) when due on the Securities of such Series;

 

(3) the pledge of the Lazard Group Notes (or the proceeds thereof) ceases to be in full force and effect, other than as a result of the issuance thereof to the Holders following a Lazard Group Merger;

 

(4) the Company fails to comply with any of its covenants or agreements in the Securities of such Series or this Indenture (other than a failure that is subject to the foregoing clauses (1), (2) or (3)) and such failure continues for 30 days after the notice specified below;

 

(5) the Company or Lazard Group or any of their respective Subsidiaries defaults under any instrument or instruments under which there is or may be secured or evidenced any of the Company’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness for money borrowed

 

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(other than the Securities and the Lazard Group Notes) having an outstanding principal amount of                  (or its equivalent in any other currency or currencies) or more, individually or in the aggregate, that has caused the holders thereof to declare such indebtedness to be due and payable prior to its stated maturity, unless such declaration has been rescinded within 30 days or such indebtedness has been satisfied;

 

(6) the Company or Lazard Group defaults in the payment when due of the principal or premium, if any, of any bond, debenture, note or other evidence of the Company’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness for money borrowed or in the payment of principal or premium, if any, under any mortgage, indenture, agreement or instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured or evidenced any of the Company’s or Lazard Group’s indebtedness for money borrowed, which default for payment of principal or premium, if any, is in an aggregate principal amount exceeding                  (or its equivalent in any other currency or currencies), if such default shall continue unremedied or unwaived for more than 30 days after the expiration of any grace period or extension of the time for payment applicable thereto;

 

(7) the Company fails to pay when due any additional amounts with respect to interest on any Securities, when such amounts become due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days, or the Company fails to pay when due any additional amounts payable with respect to any principal of or premium on any senior notes, when such additional amounts become due and payable either at maturity, upon any redemption, by declaration of acceleration or otherwise and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days;

 

(8) Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

 

(A) commences a voluntary case;

 

(B) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case;

 

(C) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for any substantial part of its Property; or

 

(D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors;

 

or takes any comparable action under any foreign laws relating to insolvency; or

 

(9) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that:

 

(A) is for relief against Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or the Company in an involuntary case;

 

(B) appoints a Custodian of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or the Company or for any substantial part of its Property; or

 

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(C) orders the winding up or liquidation of Lazard Ltd, Lazard Group or the Company;

 

or any similar relief is granted under any foreign laws and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 60 days;

 

The foregoing will constitute Events of Default whatever the reason for any such Event of Default and whether it is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body.

 

The term “Custodian” means, for the purposes of this Article Six, any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, custodian or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 

A Default under clauses (4) and (5) is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure such Default within the time specified after receipt of such notice. Such notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that such notice is a “Notice of Default.”

 

The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 30 days after the occurrence thereof, written notice in the form of an Officers’ Certificate of any Event of Default and any event which with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become an Event of Default, its status and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto.

 

SECTION 6.02. Acceleration. (a) If an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities at the time outstanding (other than an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(8) or (9)) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series by notice to the Company, may declare the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of that Series to be due and payable. Upon such a declaration, such amounts shall be due and payable immediately. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(8) or (9) occurs, the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on all the Securities of each Series of Security shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder.

 

(b) At any time after the principal of the Securities of any Series of Securities shall have been so declared due and payable (or have become immediately due and payable), and before any judgment or decree for the payment of the moneys due shall have been obtained or entered as hereinafter provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of that Series then outstanding hereunder, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its

 

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consequences if: (i) the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay all matured installments of interest upon all the Securities of that Series and the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any and all Securities of that Series that shall have become due otherwise than by acceleration (with interest upon such principal and premium, if any, and, to the extent that such payment is enforceable under applicable law, upon overdue installments of interest, at the rate per annum expressed in the Securities of that Series to the date of such payment or deposit) and the amount payable to the Trustee under Section 7.07, and (ii) any and all Events of Default under the Indenture with respect to such Series of Securities, other than the nonpayment of principal (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security) on Securities of that Series that shall not have become due by their terms, shall have been remedied or waived as provided in Section 6.04. No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereto.

 

SECTION 6.03. Other Remedies. If an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may pursue any available remedy to collect the payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities of that Series or to enforce the performance of any provision of the Securities of that Series or this Indenture.

 

The Trustee may institute and maintain a suit or legal proceeding even if it does not possess any of the Securities of a Series or does not produce any of them in the proceeding. A delay or omission by the Trustee or any Holder in exercising any right or remedy accruing upon an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities shall not impair the right or remedy or constitute a waiver of or acquiescence in the Event of Default. No remedy is exclusive of any other remedy. All available remedies are cumulative.

 

SECTION 6.04. Waiver of Past Defaults. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series by notice to the Trustee may waive an existing Default and its consequences except (i) a Default in the payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on a Security of that Series, or (ii) a Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.02 cannot be amended without the consent of each Holder of that Series affected. When a Default is waived, it is deemed cured, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any consequent right.

 

SECTION 6.05. Control by Majority. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series may direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or of exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to that Series. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or, subject to Section 7.01, that the Trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other Holder of that Series or that would subject the Trustee to personal

 

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liability; provided, however, that the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee that is not inconsistent with such direction. Prior to taking any action hereunder, the Trustee shall be entitled to reasonable indemnity against all losses and expenses caused by taking or not taking such action.

 

SECTION 6.06. Limitation on Suits. Except to enforce the right to receive payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on a Security of any Series when due, no Holder of a Security of that Series may pursue any remedy with respect to this Indenture or the Securities of that Series unless:

 

(i) the Holder previously gave the Trustee written notice stating that an Event of Default with respect to that Series is continuing;

 

(ii) the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series make a written request to the Trustee to pursue the remedy;

 

(iii) such Holder or Holders of that Series offer to the Trustee reasonable indemnity to the Trustee against any loss, liability or expense;

 

(iv) the Trustee does not comply with the request within 60 days after receipt of the request and the offer of security or indemnity; and

 

(v) the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series do not give the Trustee a direction inconsistent with the request during such 60-day period.

 

A Holder of Securities of any Series may not use this Indenture to prejudice the rights of another Holder of that Series or to obtain a preference or priority over another Holder of that Series.

 

SECTION 6.07. Rights of Holders to Receive Payment. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture, the right of any Holder to receive payment of the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest on the Securities held by such Holder, on or after their Maturity, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after their Maturity, shall not be impaired or affected without the consent of such Holder.

 

SECTION 6.08. Collection Suit by Trustee. If an Event of Default specified in Section 6.01(1) or (2) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may recover judgment in its own name and as trustee of an express trust against the Company for the whole amount then due and owing (together with interest on any unpaid interest to the extent lawful) and the amounts provided for in Section 7.07.

 

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SECTION 6.09. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. The Trustee may file such proofs of claim and other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee and the Holders allowed in any judicial proceedings relative to the Company, its creditors or its Property and, unless prohibited by law or applicable regulations, may vote on behalf of the Holders in any election of a trustee in bankruptcy or other Person performing similar functions, and any Custodian in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and its counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.07.

 

SECTION 6.10. Priorities. If the Trustee collects any money or Property pursuant to this Article Six with respect to any Series of Securities, it shall pay out the money or Property in the following order:

 

FIRST: to the Trustee for amounts due under Section 7.07;

 

SECOND: to Holders for amounts due and unpaid on the Securities of that Series for the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on the Securities of that Series for the principal amount of (or, in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities of that Series, the portion thereby specified in the terms of such Security), premium, if any, and accrued and unpaid interest, respectively; and

 

THIRD: to the Company.

 

The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section. At least 15 days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Company a notice that states the record date, the payment date and amount to be paid.

 

SECTION 6.11. Undertaking for Costs. In any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, a court in its discretion may require the filing, by any party litigant in the suit, of an undertaking to pay the costs of the suit, and the court in its discretion may assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses, against any party litigant in the suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by the party litigant. This Section does not apply to a suit by the Trustee, a suit by a Holder pursuant to Section 6.07 or a suit by Holders of more than 10% in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities of any Series.

 

SECTION 6.12. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) shall at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner

 

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whatsoever claim to take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and shall not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but shall suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

 

ARTICLE SEVEN

 

TRUSTEE

 

SECTION 7.01. Duties of Trustee. (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing with respect to any Series of Securities, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise thereof as a prudent Person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of such Person’s own affairs.

 

(b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default with respect to any Series of Securities:

 

(1) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture with respect to the Securities of that Series, as modified or supplemented by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee; and

 

(2) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may, with respect to Securities of that Series, conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture. However, the Trustee shall examine the certificates and opinions to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

 

(c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own grossly negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that:

 

(1) this paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph (b) of this Section;

 

(2) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

 

(3) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in accordance with a direction received by it pursuant to Section 6.05.

 

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(d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section.

 

(e) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company.

 

(f) Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from funds except to the extent required by law.

 

(g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds to believe that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

 

(h) Every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section and to the provisions of the TIA.

 

SECTION 7.02. Rights of Trustee. (a) The Trustee may conclusively rely on any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper Person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document.

 

(b) Before the Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on the Officers’ Certificate or Opinion of Counsel.

 

(c) The Trustee may act through agents or attorneys and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent or attorney appointed with due care.

 

(d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers; provided, however, that the Trustee’s conduct does not constitute willful misconduct or gross negligence.

 

(e) The Trustee may consult with counsel of its choice, and the advice or opinion of counsel with respect to legal matters relating to this Indenture and the Securities, shall be full and complete authorization and protection from liability in respect to any action taken, omitted or suffered by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice or opinion of such counsel.

 

(f) Unless otherwise specifically provided in this Indenture, any demand, request, direction or notice from the Company shall be sufficient if signed by an Officer of the Company.

 

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(g) The Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any Series unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references such Securities and this Indenture.

 

(h) The rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder, and to each agent, custodian and other Person employed to act hereunder.

 

(i) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by the Trustee in compliance with such request or direction.

 

(j) The Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney at the sole cost of the Company and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation.

 

(k) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered, or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Indenture.

 

SECTION 7.03. Individual Rights of Trustee. The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or its Affiliates with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Paying Agent, Registrar or co-paying agent may do the same with like rights. However, the Trustee must comply with Sections 7.10 and 7.11.

 

SECTION 7.04. Trustee’s Disclaimer. The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities, and it shall not be responsible for any statement of the Company in this Indenture, in the Securities, or in any document executed in connection with the sale of the Securities, other than those set forth in the Trustee’s certificate of authentication.

 

SECTION 7.05. Notice of Defaults. If a Default with respect to Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing and if it is actually known to a Trust Officer of the Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder of that Series notice of the Default within 90

 

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days after it occurs. The Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Holders.

 

SECTION 7.06. Reports by Trustee to Holder. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate, as promptly as practicable after each                  beginning with the                  for so long as Securities remain outstanding, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder a brief report dated as of such reporting date that complies with § 313(a) of the TIA. The Trustee shall also comply with § 313(b) of the TIA.

 

A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Holders shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange (if any) on which the Securities are listed. The Company agrees to notify promptly the Trustee whenever the Securities become listed on any stock exchange and of any delisting thereof.

 

SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Indemnity. The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation for its services as the Company and the Trustee shall from time to time agree in writing. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred or made by it, including costs of collection, in addition to the compensation for its services. Such expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee’s agents, counsel, accountants and experts. The Company shall indemnify the Trustee against any and all loss, liability or expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by or in connection with the administration of this trust and the performance of its duties hereunder. The Trustee shall notify the Company of any claim for which it may seek indemnity promptly upon obtaining actual knowledge thereof; provided, however, that any failure so to notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of its indemnity obligations hereunder. The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss, liability or expense incurred by an indemnified party through such party’s own willful misconduct, negligence or bad faith.

 

To secure the Company’s payment obligations in this Section 7.07, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities on all money or Property held or collected by the Trustee other than money or Property held in trust to pay the principal of and interest and any additional payments on particular Securities.

 

The Company’s payment obligations pursuant to this Section 7.07 shall survive the satisfaction or discharge of this Indenture or the resignation or removal of the Trustee. When the Trustee incurs expenses after the occurrence of a Default specified in Section 6.01(8) or (9) with respect to the Company, the expenses are intended to constitute expenses of administration under the Bankruptcy Law.

 

SECTION 7.08. Replacement of Trustee. The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of any Series by so notifying the Company. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee

 

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and may appoint a successor Trustee with respect to such Series of Securities. The Company shall remove the Trustee if:

 

(1) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10;

 

(2) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent;

 

(3) a receiver or other public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its Property; or

 

(4) the Trustee otherwise becomes incapable of acting.

 

If the Trustee resigns, is removed by the Company or by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series and such Holders do not reasonably promptly appoint a successor Trustee or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason (the Trustee in such event being referred to herein as the retiring Trustee), the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee.

 

A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee under this Indenture. The successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to Holders of that Series of Securities. The retiring Trustee shall promptly transfer all Property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee, subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.07.

 

If a successor Trustee does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee or the Holders of 10% in principal amount of the Securities of that Series may petition, at the expense of the Company, any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

If the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Holder of that Series of Securities may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee.

 

Notwithstanding the replacement of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.08, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.07 shall continue for the benefit of the retiring Trustee.

 

SECTION 7.09. Successor Trustee by Merger. If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all its corporate trust business or assets to, another corporation or banking association, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee.

 

In case at the time such successor or successors by merger, conversion or consolidation to the Trustee shall succeed to the trusts created by this Indenture any of the Securities shall have been authenticated but not delivered, any such successor to the Trustee may adopt the certificate of authentication of any predecessor trustee, and deliver

 

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such Securities so authenticated; and if at that time any of the Securities shall not have been authenticated, any such successor to the Trustee may authenticate such Securities either in the name of any predecessor hereunder or in the name of the successor to the Trustee; and in all such cases such certificates shall have the full force which it is anywhere in the Securities or in this Indenture provided that the certificate of the Trustee shall have.

 

SECTION 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification. The Trustee shall at all times satisfy the requirements of TIA § 310(a). The Trustee shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 310(b); provided, however, that there shall be excluded from the operation of TIA § 310(b)(1) any indenture or indentures under which other securities or certificates of interest or participation in other securities of the Company are outstanding if the requirements for such exclusion set forth in TIA § 310(b)(1) are met.

 

SECTION 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. The Trustee shall comply with TIA § 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA § 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or has been removed shall be subject to TIA § 311(a) to the extent indicated.

 

ARTICLE EIGHT

 

LEGAL DEFEASANCE, COVENANT DEFEASANCE AND SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

 

SECTION 8.01. Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The Company may, at the option of its Board of Directors evidenced by a resolution set forth in an Officers’ Certificate, at any time, elect to have either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof be applied to all outstanding Securities of any Series upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this Article Eight.

 

SECTION 8.02. Legal Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.02, the Company shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from its obligations with respect to all outstanding Securities of that Series on the date the conditions set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, “Legal Defeasance”). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Debt represented by the outstanding Securities, which shall thereafter be deemed to be “outstanding” only for the purposes of Section 8.05 hereof and the other Sections of this Indenture referred to in (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following provisions which shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:

 

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(a) the Company’s obligations with respect to such Securities of that Series under Article Two;

 

(b) the Company’s agreements set forth in Section 5.01 and 5.02;

 

(c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection therewith under Article Two and Article Seven (including, but not limited to, the rights of the Trustee and the duties of the Company under Section 7.07, which shall survive despite the satisfaction in full of all obligations hereunder); and

 

(d) this Article Eight.

 

Subject to compliance with this Article Eight, the Company may exercise its option under this Section 8.02 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option under Section 8.03 hereof.

 

SECTION 8.03. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 with respect to any Series of Securities, the Company shall, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, be released from its obligations under the covenants contained in Section 4.07, Section 4.08, and Section 4.09 (if applicable to such Series of Securities) and any covenants made applicable to the Series of Securities which are subject to defeasance under the terms of a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate with respect to the outstanding Securities of that Series on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”), and the Securities of that Series shall thereafter be deemed not “outstanding” for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with such covenants, but shall continue to be deemed “outstanding” for all other purposes hereunder (it being understood that such Securities shall not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities of that Series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply shall not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under Section 6.01 hereof, but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities shall be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon the Company’s exercise under Section 8.01 hereof of the option applicable to this Section 8.03 hereof with respect to any Series of Securities, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in Section 8.04 hereof, Section 6.01(3) and Section 6.01(4) hereof shall not constitute Events of Default with respect to such Securities.

 

SECTION 8.04. Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance. The following shall be the conditions to the application of either Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof to the outstanding Securities:

 

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In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance with respect to any Series of Securities:

 

(1) the Company must irrevocably deposit in trust with the Trustee money or U.S. Government Obligations for the payment of principal of and interest on the Securities of such Series to maturity or redemption, as the case may be;

 

(2) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee a certificate from a nationally recognized firm of independent registered public accountants expressing their opinion that the payments of principal and interest when due and without reinvestment on the deposited U.S. Government Obligations plus any deposited money without investment will provide cash at such times and in such amounts as will be sufficient to pay principal and interest when due on all the Securities of such Series to the Stated Maturity or redemption, as the case may be;

 

(3) 123 days pass after the deposit is made and during the 123 day period no Default specified in Section 6.01(8) or (9) occurs that is continuing at the end of the period;

 

(4) no Default or Event of Default with respect to that Series of Securities shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event of Default with respect to that Series of Securities resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit);

 

(5) such deposit does not constitute a default under any other agreement binding on the Company;

 

(6) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the trust resulting from the deposit does not constitute, or is qualified as, a regulated investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940;

 

(7) in the case of Legal Defeasance, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or (ii) since the date of this Indenture there has been a change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel shall confirm that, the Holders of such Series of Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such defeasance had not occurred;

 

(8) in the case of the Covenant Defeasance, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of such Series of Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such covenant defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such covenant defeasance had not occurred; and

 

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(9) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent to the defeasance and discharge of the Securities as contemplated by this Article Eight have been complied with.

 

SECTION 8.05. Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust; Other Miscellaneous Provisions. Subject to Section 8.06 hereof, all money and noncallable U.S. Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this Section 8.05, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof in respect of the outstanding Securities of the Series shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

 

The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or noncallable U.S. Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 8.04 hereof or the principal and interest received in respect thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the outstanding Securities of that Series.

 

Anything in this Article Eight to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request of the Company any money or noncallable U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 8.04 hereof which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under Section 8.04(z) hereof), are in excess of the amount thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

 

SECTION 8.06. Repayment to Company. Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal, and premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on its request or, if then held by the Company, shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in the New York Times and The Wall Street Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

 

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SECTION 8.07. Reinstatement. If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any Dollars or noncallable U.S. Government Obligations in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then the Company’s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities shall be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had occurred pursuant to Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with Section 8.02 or 8.03 hereof, as the case may be; provided, however, that, if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security following the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.

 

SECTION 8.08. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. If at any time: (a) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee for cancellation all Securities of a Series theretofore authenticated (other than any Securities that shall have been destroyed, lost or stolen and that shall have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 2.09 and Securities for whose payment money and/or U.S. Government Obligations have theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereupon repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 8.06); or (b) all such Securities of a particular series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation shall have become due and payable, or are by their terms to become due and payable within one year or are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption, and the Company must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of that Series of Securities, cash in United States dollars, noncallable U.S. Government Obligations, or a combination thereof, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants, to pay at maturity or upon redemption all Securities of that Series not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, including principal of, premium, if any, and interest due or to become due to such date of maturity or date fixed for redemption, as the case may be, and if the Company shall also pay or cause to be paid all other sums payable hereunder with respect to such Series by the Company, and shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel and an Officers’ Certificate, each stating that all conditions precedent relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect to such Series have been complied with, then this Indenture shall thereupon cease to be of further effect with respect to such Series except for:

 

(i) (a) the Company’s obligations with respect to such Securities of that Series under Article Two;

 

(b) the Company’s agreements set forth in Section 5.01 and 5.02;

 

(c) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company’s obligations in connection therewith (including, but not limited to, the rights of the Trustee and the duties of the Company under Section 7.07, which shall survive despite the satisfaction in full of all obligations hereunder); and

 

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(d) this Article Eight,

 

each of which shall survive until the Securities of such Series have been paid in full (thereafter, the Company’s obligations in Section 7.07 only shall survive) and (ii) this Article Eight.

 

Upon the Company’s exercise of this Section 8.07, the Trustee, on demand of the Company and at the cost and expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction of and discharging this Indenture with respect to such Series of Securities.

 

ARTICLE NINE

 

AMENDMENTS

 

SECTION 9.01. Without Consent of Holders. The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities without the consent of any Holder:

 

(1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company pursuant to Article Five and the assumption by such successor of the Company’s covenants, agreements and obligations in this Indenture and in the Securities;

 

(2) to surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company by this Indenture, to add to the covenants of the Company such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the protection of the Holders of all or any Series of Securities as the Board of Directors of the Company shall consider to be for the protection of the Holders of such Securities, and to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a default in respect of any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions a Default or an Event of Default under this Indenture; provided, however, that with respect to any such additional covenant, restriction, condition or provision, such amendment may provide for a period of grace after default, which may be shorter or longer than that allowed in the case of other Defaults, may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such Default, may limit the remedies available to the Trustee upon such Default or may limit the right of Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any Series to waive such default;

 

(3) to cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any provision contained in this Indenture, in any supplemental indenture or in any Securities that may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision contained therein;

 

(4) to convey, transfer, assign, mortgage or pledge any Property to or with the Trustee, or to make such other provisions in regard to matters or questions arising under this Indenture as shall not adversely affect the interests of any Holders of Securities of any Series;

 

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(5) to modify or amend this Indenture in such a manner as to permit the qualification of this Indenture or any supplemental indenture hereto under the TIA as then in effect;

 

(6) to add or to change any of the provisions of this Indenture to provide that Securities in bearer form may be registrable as to principal, to change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal or premium with respect to Securities in registered form or of principal, premium or interest with respect to Securities in bearer form, or to permit Securities in registered form to be exchanged for Securities in bearer form, so as to not adversely affect the interests of the Holders or any coupons of any Series in any material respect or permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities of any Series in uncertificated form;

 

(7) to secure the Securities;

 

(8) to make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder;

 

(9) to add to, change, or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture with respect to one or more Series of Securities, so long as any such addition, change or elimination not otherwise permitted under this Indenture shall (A) neither apply to any Security of any Series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor modify the rights of the Holders of any such Security with respect to the benefit of such provision or (B) become effective only when there is no such Security outstanding;

 

(10) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment by a successor or separate Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more Series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of this Indenture by more than one Trustee; or

 

(11) to establish the form or terms of Securities and coupons of any Series pursuant to Article Two.

 

SECTION 9.02. With Consent of Holders. The Company and the Trustee may amend this Indenture or the Securities of any Series without notice to any Holder but with the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each Series then outstanding (including consents obtained in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer for the Securities) affected by such amendment. However, without the consent of each Holder affected, an amendment may not:

 

(1) change the stated maturity of the principal or interest on a Security,

 

(2) reduce any amounts due on a Security, including any additional amounts,

 

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(3) reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of a Security following an Event of Default,

 

(4) change the place or currency of payment for a Security,

 

(5) materially impair the right of a Holder to sue for payment,

 

(6) reduce the percentage in principal amount of Securities whose Holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver,

 

(7) materially modify any other aspect of the provisions dealing with modification and waiver of this Indenture, except to increase the percentage required for any modification or to provide that other provisions of this Indenture may not be modified or waived without the consent of a Holder, and

 

(8) change in any manner adverse to the interests of the holders the obligations of the Company in respect of the due and punctual payment of principal and interest on the Securities, interest payments on overdue interest payments and principal amounts due under the Securities and any other payments due to holders of the Securities under this Indenture or the applicable Securities.

 

It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. After an amendment under this Section becomes effective, the Company shall mail to all affected Holders a notice briefly describing such amendment. The failure to give such notice to all such Holders, or any defect therein, shall not impair or affect the validity of an amendment under this Section.

 

SECTION 9.03. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. Every amendment or supplement to this Indenture or the Securities shall comply with the TIA as then in effect.

 

SECTION 9.04. Revocation and Effect of Consents and Waivers. A consent to an amendment or a waiver by a Holder of a Security shall bind the Holder and every subsequent Holder of that Security or portion of the Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent or waiver is not made on the Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent Holder may revoke the consent or waiver as to such Holder’s Security or portion of the Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective. After an amendment or waiver becomes effective, it shall bind every Holder. An amendment or waiver becomes effective once both (i) the requisite number of consents have been received by the Company or the Trustee and (ii) such amendment or waiver has been executed by the Company and the Trustee.

 

The Company may, but shall not be obligated to, fix a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders entitled to give their consent or take any other action described above or required or permitted to be taken pursuant to this Indenture. If a record date is fixed, then notwithstanding the immediately preceding paragraph, those Persons

 

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who were Holders at such record date (or their duly designated proxies), and only those Persons, shall be entitled to give such consent or to revoke any consent previously given or to take any such action, whether or not such Persons continue to be Holders after such record date. No such consent shall be valid or effective for more than 120 days after such record date.

 

SECTION 9.05. Notation on or Exchange of Securities. If an amendment changes the terms of a Security, the Trustee may require the Holder of the Security to deliver it to the Trustee. The Trustee may place an appropriate notation on the Security regarding the changed terms and return it to the Holder. Alternatively, if the Company or the Trustee so determines, the Company in exchange for the Security shall issue and the Trustee shall authenticate a new Security that reflects the changed terms. Failure to make the appropriate notation or to issue a new Security shall not affect the validity of such amendment.

 

SECTION 9.06. Trustee to Sign Amendments. The Trustee shall sign any amendment authorized pursuant to this Article Nine if the amendment does not adversely affect the rights, duties, liabilities or immunities of the Trustee. If it does, the Trustee may but need not sign it. In signing such amendment the Trustee shall be entitled to receive indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it and to receive, and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Indenture.

 

SECTION 9.07. Payment for Consent. Neither the Company nor any Affiliate of the Company shall, directly or indirectly, pay or cause to be paid any consideration, whether by way of interest, fee or otherwise, to any Holder for or as an inducement to any consent, waiver or amendment of any of the terms or provisions of this Indenture or the Securities unless such consideration is offered to be paid to all Holders, ratably, that so consent, waive or agree to amend in the time frame set forth in solicitation documents relating to such consent, waiver or agreement.

 

ARTICLE TEN

 

MISCELLANEOUS

 

SECTION 10.01. Trust Indenture Act Controls. If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision which is required to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, the required provision shall control.

 

SECTION 10.02. Notices. Any notice or communication shall be in writing and delivered in person or mailed by first-class mail addressed as follows:

 

If to the Company:

 

Lazard Group Finance LLC

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, NY 10020

 

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If to the Trustee:

 

 

 

 

The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or communications.

 

Any notice or communication mailed to a Holder shall be mailed to the Holder at the Holder’s address as it appears on the registration books of the Registrar and shall be sufficiently given if so mailed within the time prescribed.

 

Failure to mail a notice or communication to a Holder or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Holders. If a notice or communication is mailed in the manner provided above, it is duly given, whether or not the addressee receives it.

 

SECTION 10.03. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. Holders may communicate pursuant to TIA § 312(b) with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA § 312(c).

 

SECTION 10.04. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. Upon any request or application by the Company to the Trustee to take or refrain from taking any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee:

 

(1) an Officers’ Certificate in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee stating that, in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and

 

(2) an Opinion of Counsel in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with.

 

SECTION 10.05. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a covenant or condition provided for in this Indenture shall include:

 

(1) a statement that the individual making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition;

 

(2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

 

(3) a statement that, in the opinion of such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

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(4) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such individual, such covenant or condition has been complied with.

 

SECTION 10.06. Acts of Holders. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

 

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to such officer the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than such signer’s individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of such signer’s authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

 

(c) The ownership of bearer securities may be proved by the production of such bearer securities or by a certificate executed by any trust company, bank, banker or other depositary, wherever situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory, showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such depositary, or exhibited to it, the bearer securities therein described; or such facts may be proved by the certificate or affidavit of the Person holding such bearer securities, if such certificate or affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. The Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of any bearer security continues until (i) another such certificate or affidavit bearing a later date issued in respect of the same bearer security is produced, (ii) such bearer security is produced to the Trustee by some other Person, (iii) such bearer security is surrendered in exchange for a registered security or (iv) such bearer security is no longer outstanding. The ownership of bearer securities may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

 

(d) The ownership of registered securities shall be proved by the register maintained by the Registrar.

 

(e) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be

 

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done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

 

(f) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.

 

(g) The Depositary, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize Participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.

 

SECTION 10.07. Rules by Trustee, Paying Agent and Registrar. The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Holders. The Registrar and the Paying Agent may make reasonable rules for their functions.

 

SECTION 10.08. Legal Holidays. A “Legal Holiday” is a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions in New York State are authorized or required by law to close. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday, payment shall be made on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period. If a record date is a Legal Holiday, the record date shall not be affected.

 

SECTION 10.09. Governing Law. THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK BUT WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO APPLICABLE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APPLICATION OF THE LAWS OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION WOULD BE REQUIRED THEREBY.

 

SECTION 10.10. No Recourse Against Others. A director, officer, employee or shareholder, as such, of any Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. By accepting a Security,

 

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each Holder shall waive and release all such liability. This waiver and release shall be part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities.

 

SECTION 10.11. Successors. All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successors. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind its successors.

 

SECTION 10.12. Multiple Originals. The parties may sign any number of copies of this Indenture. Each signed copy shall be an original, but all of them together represent the same agreement. One signed copy of the Indenture is enough to prove this Indenture.

 

SECTION 10.13. Table of Contents; Headings. The table of contents, cross-reference sheet and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference only, are not intended to be considered a part hereof and shall not modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof.

 

SECTION 10.14. Severability. If any provision in this Indenture is deemed unenforceable, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision set forth herein, or of the Indenture as a whole.

 

49


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the date first written above.

 

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC,
By:    
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   
The Bank of New York, as Trustee
By:    
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   

 

50

Form of Purchase Contract Agreement

Exhibit 4.4

 


 

PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT

 

between

 

LAZARD LTD

 

and

 

The Bank of New York,

 

As Purchase Contract Agent

 

Dated as of                 , 2005

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

ARTICLE I     
Definitions and Other Provisions of General Application     

SECTION 1.01.

  

Definitions

   1

SECTION 1.02.

  

Compliance Certificates and Opinions

   14

SECTION 1.03.

  

Form of Documents Delivered to Purchase Contract Agent

   15

SECTION 1.04.

  

Acts of Holders; Record Dates

   15

SECTION 1.05.

  

Notices

   17

SECTION 1.06.

  

Notice to Holders; Waiver

   18

SECTION 1.07.

  

Effect of Headings and Table of Contents

   18

SECTION 1.08.

  

Successors and Assigns

   18

SECTION 1.09.

  

Separability Clause

   18

SECTION 1.10.

  

Benefits of Agreement

   18

SECTION 1.11.

  

Governing Law

   18

SECTION 1.12.

  

Judgment Currency

   19

SECTION 1.13.

  

Legal Holidays

   19

SECTION 1.14.

  

Counterparts

   20

SECTION 1.15.

  

Inspection of Agreement

   20

SECTION 1.16.

  

Appointment of Financial Institution as Purchase Contract Agent for the Company

   20

SECTION 1.17.

  

No Waiver

   20
ARTICLE II     
Certificate Forms     

SECTION 2.01.

  

Forms of Certificates Generally

   20

 

-i-


          Page

SECTION 2.02.

  

Form of Purchase Contract Agent’s Certificate of Authentication

   22
ARTICLE III     
The Units     

SECTION 3.01.

  

Number of Units; Denominations

   22

SECTION 3.02.

  

Rights and Obligations Evidenced by the Certificates

   22

SECTION 3.03.

  

Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating

   23

SECTION 3.04.

  

Temporary Certificates

   24

SECTION 3.05.

  

Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange

   25

SECTION 3.06.

  

Book-Entry Interests

   26

SECTION 3.07.

  

Notices to Holders

   27

SECTION 3.08.

  

Appointment of Successor Clearing Agency

   27

SECTION 3.09.

  

Definitive Certificates

   27

SECTION 3.10.

  

Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Certificates

   28

SECTION 3.11.

  

Persons Deemed Owners

   29

SECTION 3.12.

  

Cancellation

   29

SECTION 3.13.

  

Establishment of Stripped Units

   30

SECTION 3.14.

  

Reestablishment of Normal Units

   31

SECTION 3.15.

  

Transfer of Collateral upon Occurrence of Termination Event

   33

SECTION 3.16.

  

No Consent to Assumption

   33

SECTION 3.17.

  

CUSIP Numbers

   34

SECTION 3.18.

  

Currency of Payments

   34

SECTION 3.19.

  

Legends

   34
ARTICLE IV     
The Notes     

SECTION 4.01.

  

Payment of Interest; Rights to Interest Payments Preserved

   34

 

-ii-


          Page

SECTION 4.02.

  

Notice and Voting

   35

SECTION 4.03.

  

Special Event Redemption

   35
ARTICLE V     
The Purchase Contracts; The Remarketing     

SECTION 5.01.

  

Purchase of Common Stock

   36

SECTION 5.02.

  

Contract Adjustment Payments

   38

SECTION 5.03.

  

Deferral of Contract Adjustment Payments

   44

SECTION 5.04.

  

Payment of Purchase Price; Remarketing

   45

SECTION 5.05.

  

Issuance of Common Stock

   50

SECTION 5.06.

  

Adjustment of Settlement Rate

   50

SECTION 5.07.

  

Notice of Adjustments and Certain Other Events

   57

SECTION 5.08.

  

Termination Event; Notice

   58

SECTION 5.09.

  

Early Settlement

   58

SECTION 5.10.

  

Early Settlement upon Cash Merger

   60

SECTION 5.11.

  

Charges and Taxes

   62

SECTION 5.12.

  

No Fractional Shares

   62
ARTICLE VI     
Remedies     

SECTION 6.01.

  

Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Purchase Contract Adjustment Payments and Purchase Common Stock

   63

SECTION 6.02.

  

Restoration of Rights and Remedies

   63

SECTION 6.03.

  

Rights and Remedies Cumulative

   63

SECTION 6.04.

  

Delay or Omission Not Waiver

   64

SECTION 6.05.

  

Undertaking for Costs

   64

SECTION 6.06.

  

Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws

   64

 

-iii-


          Page

ARTICLE VII     
The Purchase Contract Agent     

SECTION 7.01.

  

Certain Duties and Responsibilities

   64

SECTION 7.02.

  

Notice Of Default

   65

SECTION 7.03.

  

Certain Rights of Purchase Contract Agent

   66

SECTION 7.04.

  

Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Units

   67

SECTION 7.05.

  

May Hold Units

   67

SECTION 7.06.

  

Money Held in Custody

   67

SECTION 7.07.

  

Compensation and Reimbursement

   67

SECTION 7.08.

  

Corporate Purchase Contract Agent Required; Eligibility

   69

SECTION 7.09.

  

Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor

   69

SECTION 7.10.

  

Acceptance of Appointment by Successor

   70

SECTION 7.11.

  

Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business

   71

SECTION 7.12.

  

Preservation of Information

   71

SECTION 7.13.

  

No Obligations of Purchase Contract Agent

   71

SECTION 7.14.

  

Tax Compliance

   71
ARTICLE VIII     
Supplemental Agreements     

SECTION 8.01.

  

Supplemental Agreements Without Consent of Holders

   72

SECTION 8.02.

  

Supplemental Agreements With Consent of Holders

   72

SECTION 8.03.

  

Execution of Supplemental Agreements

   74

SECTION 8.04.

  

Effect of Supplemental Agreements

   74

SECTION 8.05.

  

Reference to Supplemental Agreements

   74

 

-iv-


          Page

ARTICLE IX     
Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance     

SECTION 9.01.

  

Covenant Not to Merge, Consolidate, Sell or Convey Property Except under Certain Conditions

   74

SECTION 9.02.

  

Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation

   75

SECTION 9.03.

  

Opinion of Counsel Given to Purchase Contract Agent

   75
ARTICLE X     
Covenants     

SECTION 10.01.

  

Performance under Purchase Contracts

   75

SECTION 10.02.

  

Maintenance of Office or Agency

   76

SECTION 10.03.

  

Company to Reserve Common Stock

   76

SECTION 10.04.

  

Covenants as to Common Stock

   76

SECTION 10.05.

  

Statements of Officer of the Company as to Default

   77

SECTION 10.06.

  

Listing

   77

SECTION 10.07.

  

Registration Statement

   77

SECTION 10.08.

  

Securities Contract

   77

SECTION 10.09.

  

Payment to Holders of Units on the Stock Purchase Date

   77

SECTION 10.10.

  

Consent to Treatment for Tax Purposes

   78

 

EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT A   Form of Normal Units Certificate

EXHIBIT B   Form of Stripped Units Certificate

EXHIBIT C   Instruction from Purchase Contract Agent to Collateral Agent

EXHIBIT D   Instruction to Purchase Contract Agent

EXHIBIT E   Notice to Settle by Separate Cash

 

-v-


PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT dated as of                 , 2005, between Lazard Ltd, an exempted Bermuda limited company (the “Company”), and The Bank of New York, a New York banking association, not individually but solely as purchase contract agent and attorney-in-fact for the holders from time to time of the units described herein.

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Agreement (such term, and each other capitalized term used in these recitals, having the meaning set forth herein) and the Certificates evidencing the Units.

 

WHEREAS, all things necessary to make the Purchase Contracts, when the Certificates are executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered by the Purchase Contract Agent, as provided in this Agreement, the valid obligations of the Company, and to constitute this Agreement a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

 

Definitions and Other Provisions of General Application

 

SECTION 1.01. Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(a) the terms defined in this Agreement include the plural as well as the singular, and nouns and pronouns of the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter genders;

 

(b) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States;

 

(c) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Recital, Article, Section or other subdivision; and

 

(d) the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

“Accounting Redemption Event” means the receipt, at any time prior to the Stock Purchase Date, by the audit committee of the Board of Directors of a written

 


report in accordance with Statement on Auditing Standards (“SAS”) No. 97, Amendment to SAS No. 50 – Reports on the Application of Accounting Principles, from the Company’s independent auditors, provided at the request of the management of the Company, to the effect that, as a result of a change in accounting rules or interpretations thereof applicable to the Company after                 , 2005, the Company must either (a) account for the Purchase Contracts as derivatives under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (or any successor accounting standard) (or otherwise mark-to-market or measure the fair value of all or any portion of the purchase contracts with changes appearing in the Company’s consolidated statement of income), or (b) account for the Units using the if-converted method under SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share (or any successor accounting standard), and that such accounting treatment will cease to apply upon redemption of the Notes.

 

“Act”, when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.04(a).

 

“Affiliate” has the same meaning as given to that term in Rule 405 of the Securities Act or any successor rule thereunder.

 

“Agreement” means this agreement as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more agreements supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof.

 

“Bankruptcy Code” means Title 11 of the United States Code or any other law of the United States that from time to time provides a uniform system of bankruptcy laws.

 

“Bankruptcy Law” means (i) the Bankruptcy Code or (ii) with respect to the Company, any and all relevant provisions of the Companies Act, or any successor thereto, relating to the winding up of the Company (including without limitation in the circumstances set out in Section 95 of the Companies Act).

 

“Beneficial Owner” means, with respect to a Book-Entry Interest, a Person who is the beneficial owner of such Book-Entry Interest as reflected on the books of the Clearing Agency or on the books of a Person maintaining an account with such Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing Agency Participant or as an indirect participant, in each case in accordance with the rules of such Clearing Agency).

 

“Board of Directors” means either the Board of Directors of the Company or any committee of such Board of Directors duly authorized to act generally or in any particular respect for the Board of Directors hereunder.

 

“Board Resolution” means (i) a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or the Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, (ii) a copy of a unanimous written consent of the Board of Directors or (iii) a certificate signed

 

2


by the authorized officer or officers to whom the Board of Directors has delegated its authority and, in each case, delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

“Book-Entry Interest” means a beneficial interest in a Global Certificate, ownership and transfers of which shall be maintained and made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 3.06.

 

“Business Day” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day in the City of New York or in any Place of Payment on which banking institutions are authorized by law or regulations to close.

 

“Capital Stock” means any and all shares, interests, rights to purchase, warrants, options, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated, whether voting or non-voting) corporate stock or similar equity or membership interests in other types of entities.

 

“Cash Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(iv).

 

“Cash Merger” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.10(a).

 

“Cash Merger Date” means the date on which a Cash Merger is consummated.

 

“Cash Settlement” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(a).

 

“Certificate” means a Normal Units Certificate or a Stripped Units Certificate.

 

“Clearing Agency” means an organization registered as a “clearing agency” pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act that is acting as a depositary for the Units and in whose name, or in the name of a nominee of that organization, shall be registered a Global Certificate and which shall undertake to effect book-entry transfers and pledges of the Units.

 

“Clearing Agency Participant” means a broker, dealer, bank, trust company, clearing corporation, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time the Clearing Agency effects book-entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Clearing Agency.

 

“Closing Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(c).

 

“Collateral” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(a) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

“Collateral Agent” means The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent under the Pledge Agreement until a successor Collateral Agent shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Pledge Agreement, and thereafter “Collateral Agent” shall mean the Person who is then the Collateral Agent thereunder.

 

3


“Collateral Substitution” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.13(a).

 

“Common Stock” means the Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company.

 

“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Companies Act” means the Companies Act 1981 of Bermuda.

 

“Constituent Person” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(b).

 

“Contract Adjustment Payments” means, in the case of Normal Units and Stripped Units, the amount payable on each Payment Date by the Company in respect of each Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Unit, which amount shall be equal to                     % per year of the Stated Amount, in each case computed (i) for any full quarterly period, on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and (ii) for any period shorter than a full quarterly period, on the basis of a 30-day month, and for periods of less than a month, on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed per 30-day month, plus any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments accrued pursuant to Section 5.03.

 

“Corporate Trust Office” means the corporate trust office of the Purchase Contract Agent at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally administered, which office at the date hereof is located at                 .

 

“Coupon Rate” means the percentage rate per annum at which each Note will bear interest initially.

 

“Current Market Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(a)(8).

 

“Custodial Agent” means The Bank of New York, as Custodial Agent under the Pledge Agreement until a successor Custodial Agent shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Pledge Agreement, and thereafter “Custodial Agent” shall mean the Person who is then the Custodial Agent thereunder.

 

“Daily Amount” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(a).

 

“Default” means a default by the Company in any of its obligations under this Agreement.

 

“Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.03(a).

 

“Depositary” means DTC until another Clearing Agency becomes its successor, and thereafter “Depositary” shall mean such successor.

 

“DTC” means The Depository Trust Company, the initial Clearing Agency.

 

4


“Early Settlement” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.09(a).

 

“Early Settlement Amount” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.09(a).

 

“Early Settlement Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.09(a).

 

“Early Settlement Rate” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.09(b).

 

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Expiration Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 1.04(f).

 

“Expiration Time” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(a)(5).

 

“First Supplemental Indenture” means the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of                 , 2005, to the Indenture between Lazard Group Finance LLC and the Trustee.

 

“Global Certificate” means a Certificate that evidences all or part of the Units and is registered in the name of a Depositary or a nominee thereof.

 

“Holder” means the Person in whose name the Unit evidenced by a Normal Units Certificate or a Stripped Units Certificate is registered in the related Normal Units Register or the Stripped Units Register, as the case may be.

 

“Indenture” means the Indenture dated as of                 , 2005, between Lazard Group Finance LLC and the Trustee, pursuant to which the Notes are to be issued, as originally executed and delivered and as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental thereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions thereof and shall include the terms of a particular series established as contemplated thereof.

 

“Issuer Order” or “Issuer Request” means a written order or request signed in the name of the Company by the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the President, any Vice-President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary (or other officer performing similar functions) of the Company and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

“Last Failed Remarketing” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(ii).

 

“Lazard Group” means Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will be renamed Lazard Group LLC.

 

“Lazard Group Finance” means Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

 

5


“Merger Early Settlement” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.10(a).

 

“Merger Early Settlement Amount” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.10(b).

 

“Merger Early Settlement Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.10(a)(i).

 

“Non-electing Share” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(b).

 

“Normal Unit” means the collective rights and obligations of a Holder of a Normal Units Certificate in respect of a 1/40 undivided beneficial interest in a Note in the original principal amount of $1,000 or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, subject in each case to the Pledge thereof, and the related Purchase Contract.

 

“Normal Units Certificate” means a certificate evidencing the rights and obligations of a Holder in respect of the number of Normal Units set forth on such certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto.

 

“Normal Units Register” and “Normal Units Registrar” have the respective meanings set forth in Section 3.05(a).

 

“Notes” means the           % Senior Notes initially due 2035 of Lazard Group Finance LLC issued under the Indenture on or about the date of this Agreement, including the notes issued pursuant to the First Supplemental Indenture and the restricted notes issued to the Private Purchaser pursuant to the Second Supplemental Indenture.

 

“NYSE” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(c).

 

“Officer” means, with respect to any Person, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller or the Secretary of such Person.

 

“Officers’ Certificate” means a certificate signed by the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or the President, and by the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary (or other officer performing similar functions) of the Company and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

“Opt-Out” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(iv).

 

“Opinion of Counsel” means an opinion in writing signed by legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or an Affiliate of the Company and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

6


“Outstanding Units” means, as of the date of determination, all Normal Units or Stripped Units evidenced by Certificates theretofore authenticated, executed and delivered under this Agreement, except:

 

(i) if a Termination Event has occurred, (A) Stripped Units for which the related Treasury Securities have been theretofore deposited with the Purchase Contract Agent in trust for the Holders of such Stripped Units and (B) Normal Units for which the related Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, has been theretofore deposited with the Purchase Contract Agent in trust for the Holders of such Normal Units;

 

(ii) Normal Units and Stripped Units evidenced by Certificates theretofore cancelled by the Purchase Contract Agent or delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent for cancellation or deemed cancelled pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; and

 

(iii) Normal Units and Stripped Units evidenced by Certificates in exchange for or in lieu of which other Certificates have been authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holder and delivered pursuant to this Agreement, other than any such Certificate in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Purchase Contract Agent proof satisfactory to it that such Certificate is held by a protected purchaser in whose hands the Normal Units or Stripped Units evidenced by such Certificate are valid obligations of the Company;

 

provided that, in determining whether the Holders of the requisite number of the Normal Units or Stripped Units have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Normal Units or Stripped Units owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Purchase Contract Agent shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Normal Units or Stripped Units which a Responsible Officer of the Purchase Contract Agent knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Normal Units or Stripped Units so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding Units if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Purchase Contract Agent the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Normal Units or Stripped Units and that the pledgee is not the Company or any Affiliate of the Company.

 

“Payment Date” means each                 ,                 ,                  and                 , commencing                 , 2005 and ending on                 , 2008.

 

“Person” means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

 

“Pledge” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

7


“Pledge Agreement” means the Pledge Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent, on its own behalf and as attorney-in-fact for the Holders from time to time of the Units.

 

“Pledged Notes” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

“Pledged Treasury Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

“Pledged Treasury Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

“Predecessor Certificate” means a Predecessor Normal Units Certificate or a Predecessor Stripped Units Certificate.

 

“Predecessor Normal Units Certificate” of any particular Normal Units Certificate means every previous Normal Units Certificate evidencing all or a portion of the rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder under the Normal Units evidenced thereby. For the purposes of this definition, any Normal Units Certificate authenticated and delivered under Section 3.10 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Normal Units Certificate shall be deemed to evidence the same rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Normal Units Certificate.

 

“Predecessor Stripped Units Certificate” of any particular Stripped Units Certificate means every previous Stripped Units Certificate evidencing all or a portion of the rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder under the Stripped Units evidenced thereby. For the purposes of this definition, any Stripped Units Certificate authenticated and delivered under Section 3.10 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Stripped Units Certificate shall be deemed to evidence the same rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Stripped Units Certificate.

 

“Private Purchaser” means IXIS—Corporate & Investment Bank, an entity organized under the Laws of France.

 

“Purchase Contract,” when used with respect to any Unit, means the contract forming a part of such Unit and obligating the Company to issue and sell and the Holder of such Unit to purchase Common Stock on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in Article V.

 

“Purchase Contract Agent” means the Person named as the “purchase contract agent” in the preamble to this Agreement until a successor Purchase Contract Agent shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Agreement, and thereafter “Purchase Contract Agent” shall mean such Person.

 

8


“Purchase Contract Settlement Fund” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.05.

 

“Purchase Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(a).

 

“Purchased Shares” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(a)(5).

 

“Quotation Agent” means                  or any of its successors or any other primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City selected by the Company.

 

“Record Date” for the payment of a distribution payable on any Payment Date means, the 15th calendar day preceding such Payment Date.

 

“Redemption Price” means, for each Note, whether or not included in a Normal Unit, the greater of (a) the principal amount of such Note and (b) the product of (i) the principal amount of such Note and (ii) a fraction whose numerator is the applicable Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price and whose denominator is the applicable Special Event Redemption Principal Amount.

 

“Reference Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01.

 

“Register” means the Normal Units Register and the Stripped Units Register, as applicable.

 

“Registrar” means the Normal Units Registrar and the Stripped Units Registrar, as applicable.

 

“Remarketing Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(i).

 

“Remarketing Agreement” means the Remarketing Agreement to be entered into by and among the Company, Lazard Group Finance LLC, the Remarketing Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

“Remarketing Date” means the ninth Business Day before the Stock Purchase Date, which shall be                 , 2008.

 

“Remarketing Fee” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(i).

 

“Remarketing Notice” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(i).

 

“Remarketing Period” means the seven Business Day period beginning on the Remarketing Date and ending on the third Business Day preceding the Stock Purchase Date.

 

“Remarketing Rate” means the percentage rate per year at which each Note will bear interest on and following the Reset Date.

 

9


“Remarketing Value” means, with respect to any Note, the principal amount of such Note.

 

“Reorganization Event” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.06(b).

 

“Reset Date” means the date following the Remarketing Date or a Subsequent Remarketing Date, as applicable, on which the sales of the Notes pursuant to a successful remarketing of the Notes, subject to the provisions of Section 5.04, are settled. Notwithstanding whether a successful remarketing occurs on the Remarketing Date or on a Subsequent Remarketing Date, the settlement date for such remarketing, if successful, shall be on the Stock Purchase Date; provided that the Company with the consent of the Remarketing Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent shall have the option to provide for a settlement date of a successful remarketing that is earlier than the Stock Purchase Date so long as the Company shall pay on the Stock Purchase Date to the Holders of the Normal Units and the Separate Notes payment on the Notes for the period from and including the Payment Date immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date to but excluding the Stock Purchase Date at the Coupon Rate.

 

“Responsible Officer” means, when used with respect to the Purchase Contract Agent, any officer within the corporate trust department of the Purchase Contract Agent (or any successor of the Purchase Contract Agent), including any Vice-President, any assistant Vice-President, any assistant secretary, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer, any trust officer, any senior trust officer or any other officer of the Purchase Contract Agent who customarily performs functions similar to those performed by the Persons who at the time shall be such officers, respectively, or to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of such person’s knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject and who, in each of the above cases, shall have direct responsibility for the administration of this Agreement.

 

“Second Supplemental Indenture” means the Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of                 , 2005, to the Indenture between Lazard Group Finance LLC and the Trustee.

 

“Securities Intermediary” means The Bank of New York, in its capacity as Securities Intermediary under the Pledge Agreement, together with its successors in such capacity.

 

“Senior Indebtedness” means indebtedness of any kind of the Company unless the instrument under which such indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is pari passu with, or subordinate in right of payment to, the Contract Adjustment Payments.

 

“Separate Notes” has the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement.

 

“Settlement Date” means any Early Settlement Date or Merger Early Settlement Date or the Stock Purchase Date.

 

“Settlement Rate” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(a).

 

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“Share Components” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(a).

 

“Special Event” means either an Accounting Redemption Event or a Tax Event.

 

“Special Event Redemption” means, if a Special Event shall occur and be continuing, the redemption of the Notes, at the option of Lazard Group Finance, in whole but not in part, on not less than 30 days’ nor more than 60 days’ prior written notice.

 

“Special Event Redemption Date” means the date upon which a Special Event Redemption is to occur.

 

“Special Event Redemption Principal Amount” means (i) in the case of a Special Event Redemption Date occurring prior to a successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.04, the aggregate principal amount of Notes included in Normal Units outstanding on such date and (ii) in the case of a Special Event Redemption Date occurring after either a successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.04 or the Stock Purchase Date, the aggregate principal amount of the Notes outstanding on such date.

 

“Stated Amount” means, with respect to a Normal Unit or Stripped Unit, $25 and, with respect to a Note, $1,000.

 

“Stock Purchase Date” means                 , 2008.

 

“Stripped Unit” means the collective rights and obligations of a Holder of a Stripped Units Certificate in respect of a 1/40 undivided beneficial interest in a Treasury Security or, in the case of an Opt-Out, the Cash Consideration, subject to the Pledge thereof, and the related Purchase Contract.

 

“Stripped Units Certificate” means a certificate evidencing the rights and obligations of a Holder in respect of the number of Stripped Units specified on such certificate, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto.

 

“Stripped Units Register” and “Stripped Units Registrar” have the respective meanings set forth in Section 3.05(a).

 

“Subsequent Remarketing Date” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.04(b)(ii).

 

“Tax Event” means the receipt by Lazard Group Finance of an opinion of nationally recognized tax counsel to the effect that there is more than an insubstantial increase in the risk that interest payable by Lazard Group Finance on the Notes on the next interest payment date is not, or within 90 days of the date of such opinion, will not be deductible, in whole or in part, by Lazard Group for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of (i) any amendment to, change in, or announced proposed change in, the laws, or any regulations thereunder, of the U.S. or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein affecting taxation (other than any such amendment, change or

 

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announced proposed change to the so-called “earnings stripping” provisions of Section 163(j) of the Code, which limit the ability of U.S. corporations to deduct interest on certain debt owed to or guaranteed by related foreign persons), (ii) any amendment to or change in an official interpretation or application of any such laws or regulations by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority or (iii) any official interpretation, pronouncement or application that provides for a position with respect to any such laws or regulations that differs from the generally accepted position on the date of this prospectus, which amendment, change or proposed change is effective or which interpretation or pronouncement is announced on or after the date of this prospectus.

 

“Termination Date” means the date, if any, on which a Termination Event occurs.

 

“Termination Event” means the occurrence of any of the following events:

 

(i) at any time on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a judgment, decree or court order shall have been entered granting relief under any Bankruptcy Law or any other similar foreign, federal or state law, adjudicating the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance to be insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization or liquidation of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance and, unless such judgment, decree or order shall have been entered within 60 days prior to the Stock Purchase Date, such decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(ii) except under Bermuda law, at any time on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a judgment, decree or court order for the appointment of a custodian, receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company, Lazard Group, or Lazard Group Finance or of their property substantially in the entirety, or for the winding up or liquidation of any such person’s affairs, shall have been entered, and, unless such judgment, decree or order shall have been entered within 60 days prior to the Stock Purchase Date, such judgment, decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(iii) at any time on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, the Company, Lazard Group, or Lazard Group Finance or any creditor thereof shall file a petition for relief under any Bankruptcy Law or any other foreign, federal or state law substantially similar to any Bankruptcy Law, or shall consent to the filing of a bankruptcy proceeding against any such person, or shall file a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or liquidation under any Bankruptcy Law or any other similar foreign, federal or state law, or shall consent to the filing of any such petition, or shall consent to the appointment of a custodian, receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of it or of its property substantially in the entirety, or shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due; or

 

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(iv) at any time on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a judgment, decree or court order for the appointment of a receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee or provisional liquidator in bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company or of its property under any Bankruptcy Law of Bermuda, or for the termination or liquidation of the affairs of the Company on its bankruptcy or insolvency or for the reorganization of the Company’s affairs, shall have been entered and if such judgment, decree or order shall have been entered more than 60 days prior to the Stock Purchase Date, such judgment, decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days.

 

“Threshold Appreciation Price” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(a).

 

“Trading Day” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01(c).

 

“Treasury Consideration” means, as the context requires, (i) with respect to a Normal Unit, (A) a 1/40, or 2.5%, undivided beneficial ownership interest in a $1,000 principal or interest amount of a principal or interest strip in a U.S. Treasury security included in the Treasury Portfolio which matures on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date and (B) for each scheduled interest Payment Date on the Notes that occurs after the Special Event Redemption Date and on or before the Stock Purchase Date, a           % undivided beneficial ownership interest in a $1,000 principal or interest amount of a principal or interest strip in a U.S. Treasury security included in the Treasury Portfolio that matures on or prior to that interest Payment Date or (ii) with respect to any number of Normal Units greater than one, (A) an equal number of 1/40, or 2.5%, undivided beneficial ownership interests in a $1,000 principal or interests amounts of principal or interest strips in a U.S. Treasury securities included in the Treasury Portfolio which matures on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date and (B) for each scheduled interest Payment Date on the Notes that occurs after the Special Event Redemption Date and on or before the Stock Purchase Date, an equal number of           % undivided beneficial ownership interests in a $1,000 principal or interest amounts of principal or interest strips in a U.S. Treasury securities included in the Treasury Portfolio that matures on or prior to that interest Payment Date.

 

“Treasury Portfolio” means (i) if a Special Event Redemption occurs prior to a successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.04, a portfolio of (A) zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities consisting of principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury securities that mature on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date in an aggregate amount equal to the applicable Special Event Redemption Principal Amount and (B) with respect to each scheduled interest Payment Date on the Notes that occurs after the Special Event Redemption Date and on or before the Stock Purchase Date, interest or principal strips of U.S. Treasury securities that mature on or prior to such interest Payment Date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the applicable Special Event Redemption Principal Amount on such date if the interest rate of the Notes were not reset on the Reset Date, and (ii) solely for purposes of determining the Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price in the case of a Special Event Redemption Date occurring after the successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant

 

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to the provisions of Section 5.04 or the Stock Purchase Date, a portfolio of (A) zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities consisting of principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury securities that mature on the reset maturity date of the Notes in an aggregate amount equal to the applicable Special Event Redemption Principal Amount and (B) with respect to each scheduled interest Payment Date on the Notes that occurs after the Special Event Redemption Date and on the reset maturity date of the Notes, interest or principal strips of U.S. Treasury securities that mature on or prior to such interest Payment Date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the applicable Special Event Redemption Principal Amount.

 

“Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price” means the lowest aggregate price quoted by a primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City to the Quotation Agent on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Special Event Redemption Date for the purchase of the Treasury Portfolio for settlement on the Special Event Redemption Date.

 

“Treasury Security” means a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury security (Number                 ) maturing on                 , 2008 that will pay $1,000 on such maturity date.

 

“Trustee” means The Bank of New York banking association, as trustee under the Indenture and the First Supplemental Indenture, or any successor thereto.

 

“Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

“Underwriting Agreement” means the Underwriting Agreement relating to the Units dated                 , 2005, between the Company, Lazard Group LLC, Lazard Group Finance LLC and the underwriters named therein.

 

“Unit” means a Normal Unit or a Stripped Unit, including the Units issued to the Private Purchaser.

 

“Vice-President” means any vice-president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “vice-president.”

 

SECTION 1.02. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Except as otherwise expressly provided by this Agreement, upon any application or request by the Company to the Purchase Contract Agent to take any action under any provision of this Agreement, the Company shall furnish to the Purchase Contract Agent an Officers’ Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Agreement relating to the proposed action have been complied with and, if requested by the Purchase Contract Agent, an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, such action is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and that all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Agreement relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

 

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Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Agreement shall include:

 

(a) a statement that the individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

 

(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

 

(c) a statement that, in the opinion of such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable such individual to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

 

(d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such individual based on his or her knowledge, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

 

SECTION 1.03. Form of Documents Delivered to Purchase Contract Agent. (a) In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

 

(b) Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

 

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Agreement, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

 

SECTION 1.04. Acts of Holders; Record Dates. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Agreement to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the

 

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Purchase Contract Agent and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Agreement and (subject to Section 7.01) conclusive in favor of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

 

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved in any manner which the Purchase Contract Agent deems sufficient.

 

(c) The ownership of Units shall be proved by the Normal Units Register or the Stripped Units Register, as the case may be.

 

(d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Certificate shall bind every future Holder of the same Certificate and the Holder of every Certificate issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Purchase Contract Agent or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Certificate.

 

(e) The Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Units entitled to give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Agreement to be given, made or taken by Holders of Units. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of the Outstanding Normal Units and the Outstanding Stripped Units, as the case may be, on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to take the relevant action with respect to the Normal Units or the Stripped Units, as the case may be, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite number of Outstanding Units on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite number of Outstanding Units on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Purchase Contract Agent in writing and to each Holder of Units in the manner set forth in Section 1.06.

 

(f) With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the Company may designate any date as the “Expiration Date” and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the Purchase

 

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Contract Agent in writing, and to each Holder of Units in the manner set forth in Section 1.06, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the Company shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the 180th day after the applicable record date.

 

SECTION 1.05. Notices. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Agreement to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with:

 

(a) the Purchase Contract Agent by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered, mailed, first-class postage prepaid, telecopied or delivered by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, addressed to and received by the Purchase Contract Agent at                 , Attention:                 , telecopy                 , or at any other address furnished in writing by the Purchase Contract Agent to the Holders and the Company; or

 

(b) the Company by the Purchase Contract Agent or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered, mailed, first-class postage prepaid, telecopied or delivered by overnight air courier guaranteeing at least second day delivery, addressed to and received by the Company at Lazard Ltd, Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM11, Bermuda, Attention:                 , telecopy:                 , with a copy to Lazard Ltd, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York, 10020, Attention: General Counsel, telecopy:                 , or at any other address furnished in writing to the Purchase Contract Agent by the Company; or

 

(c) the Collateral Agent by the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company or any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered, mailed, first-class postage prepaid, telecopied or delivered by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, addressed to and received by the Collateral Agent at                 , or at any other address furnished in writing by the Collateral Agent to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company and the Holders; or

 

(d) the Trustee by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered, mailed, first-class postage prepaid, telecopied or delivered by overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, addressed to and received by the Trustee at                 , Attention:                 , telecopy                 , or at any other address furnished in writing by the Trustee to the Company.

 

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SECTION 1.06. Notice to Holders; Waiver. (a) Where this Agreement provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at its address as it appears in the applicable Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Agreement provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Purchase Contract Agent, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

 

(b) In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Purchase Contract Agent shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

 

SECTION 1.07. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

 

SECTION 1.08. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in this Agreement by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

 

SECTION 1.09. Separability Clause. If any provision hereof is invalid and unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible and (ii) the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 1.10. Benefits of Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement or in the Units, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and, to the extent provided hereby, the Holders, any benefits or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement. The Holders from time to time shall be beneficiaries of this Agreement and shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions hereof and of the Units evidenced by their Certificates by their acceptance of delivery of such Certificates.

 

SECTION 1.11. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE UNITS SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, DEEMED TO BE A CONTRACT UNDER, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. The Company, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders from time to

 

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time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, hereby submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of any New York state court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City for the purposes of all legal proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which they may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

SECTION 1.12. Judgment Currency. The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Purchase Contract Agent could purchase in The City of New York the requisite amount of the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which a final unappealable judgment is given and (b) its obligations under this Agreement to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with clause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Agreement. For purpose of the foregoing, “New York Banking Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York or a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to be closed.

 

SECTION 1.13. Legal Holidays. (a) In any case where any Payment Date shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or the Normal Units Certificates) payments on the Units shall not be made on such date, but such payments shall be made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment Date, provided that no interest shall accrue or be payable by the Company in respect of such payment for the period from and after any such Payment Date, except that if such next succeeding Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment Date.

 

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(b) If any date on which Contract Adjustment Payments are to be made on the Purchase Contracts is not a Business Day, then payment of the Contract Adjustment Payments payable on that date will be made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day, and no interest or additional payment will be paid in respect of the delay. However, if that Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, the payment will be made on the immediately preceding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on that Payment Date.

 

(c) In any case where the Stock Purchase Date shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or the Certificates) the Purchase Contracts shall not be performed on such date, but the Purchase Contracts shall be performed on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day with the same force and effect as if performed on the Stock Purchase Date.

 

SECTION 1.14. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing any such counterpart.

 

SECTION 1.15. Inspection of Agreement. A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times during normal business hours at the Corporate Trust Office for inspection by any Holder.

 

SECTION 1.16. Appointment of Financial Institution as Purchase Contract Agent for the Company. The Company may appoint a financial institution (which may be the Collateral Agent) to act as its agent in performing its obligations and in accepting and enforcing performance of the obligations of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders, under this Agreement and the Purchase Contracts, by giving notice of such appointment in the manner provided in Section 1.05 hereof. Any such appointment shall not relieve the Company in any way from its obligation hereunder.

 

SECTION 1.17. No Waiver. No failure on the part of the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary or any of their respective agents to exercise, and no course of dealing with respect to, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary or any of their respective agents of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any further exercise thereof or the exercise of any right, power or remedy. The remedies herein are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.

 

ARTICLE II

 

Certificate Forms

 

SECTION 2.01. Forms of Certificates Generally. (a) The Normal Units Certificates (including the form of Purchase Contract forming part of the Normal Units

 

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evidenced thereby) shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto, with such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange or quotation system on which the Normal Units are listed or quoted for trading or any depositary therefor, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Normal Units Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Normal Units Certificates.

 

(b) The definitive Normal Units Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers of the Company executing such Normal Units Certificates, consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, as evidenced by their execution thereof.

 

(c) The Stripped Units Certificates (including the form of Purchase Contracts forming part of the Stripped Units evidenced thereby) shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit B hereto, with such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange or the quotation system on which the Stripped Units may be listed or quoted for trading or any depositary therefor, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Stripped Units Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Stripped Units Certificates.

 

(d) The definitive Stripped Units Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers of the Company executing such Stripped Units Certificates, consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, as evidenced by their execution thereof.

 

(e) Every Global Certificate authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

 

“THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS DEFINED ON THE REVERSE HEREOF) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT. [Unless this Certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or such other name as

 

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requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.] UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR CERTIFICATES IN DEFINITIVE REGISTERED FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT, THIS GLOBAL CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.”

 

SECTION 2.02. Form of Purchase Contract Agent’s Certificate of Authentication. (a) The form of the Purchase Contract Agent’s certificate of authentication of the Normal Units shall be in substantially the form set forth on the form of the Normal Units Certificates.

 

(b) The form of the Purchase Contract Agent’s certificate of authentication of the Stripped Units shall be in substantially the form set forth on the form of the Stripped Units Certificates.

 

ARTICLE III

 

The Units

 

SECTION 3.01. Number of Units; Denominations. (a) The aggregate number of Normal Units and Stripped Units, if any, evidenced by Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder is limited to                 , except for Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holder and delivered upon registration of transfer of, in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Certificates pursuant to Section 3.04, 3.05, 3.10, 3.13, 3.14, 5.09(e), 5.10(e) or 8.05.

 

(b) The Certificates shall be issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Unit and any integral multiple thereof.

 

SECTION 3.02. Rights and Obligations Evidenced by the Certificates. (a) Each Normal Units Certificate shall evidence the number of Normal Units specified therein, with each such Normal Unit representing the ownership by the Holder thereof of a 1/40 undivided beneficial interest in a Note in the original principal amount of $1,000 or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, subject to the Pledge of such interest in such Note or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, by such Holder pursuant

 

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to the Pledge Agreement, and the rights and obligations of the Holder thereof and the Company under one Purchase Contract. The Purchase Contract Agent, as attorney-in-fact for, and on behalf of, the Holder of each Normal Unit, shall pledge and grant, pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, as collateral security for the payment and performance when due by such Holder of its respective obligations to the Company under the related Purchase Contracts, a security interest in, and right of set-off against, all of the right, title and interest of the Purchase Contract Agent and such Holder in such Note or the Treasury Consideration forming a part of such Normal Unit.

 

(b) Each Stripped Units Certificate shall evidence the number of Stripped Units specified therein, with each such Stripped Unit representing the ownership by the Holder thereof of a 1/40 undivided beneficial interest in a Treasury Security or, in the case of an Opt-Out, the Cash Consideration, subject to the Pledge of such interest in such Treasury Security or Cash Consideration, as the case may be, by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and the rights and obligations of the Holder thereof and the Company under one Purchase Contract. The Purchase Contract Agent, as attorney-in-fact for, and on behalf of, the Holder of each Stripped Unit, shall pledge and grant, pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, as collateral security for the payment and performance when due by such Holder of its respective obligations to the Company under the related Purchase Contracts, a security interest in, and right of set off against, all of the right, title, and interest of the Purchase Contract Agent and such Holder in such interest in the Treasury Security forming a part of such Stripped Unit.

 

(c) Prior to the purchase of Common Stock under each Purchase Contract, such Purchase Contract shall not entitle the Holder of the related Units Certificates to any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock, including, without limitation, the right to vote or receive any dividends or other payments or to consent or to receive notice as a shareholder in respect of the meetings of shareholders or for the election of directors of the Company or for any other matter, or any other rights whatsoever as a shareholder of the Company.

 

SECTION 3.03. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. (a) Subject to the provisions of Sections 3.13 and 3.14, upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and at any time and from time to time thereafter, the Company may deliver Certificates executed by the Company to the Purchase Contract Agent for authentication, execution on behalf of the Holders and delivery, together with its Issuer Order for authentication and delivery of such Certificates, and the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with such Issuer Order shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holders and deliver such Certificates.

 

(b) The Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board of Directors, a Vice-Chairman, its President or Secretary and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent. The signature of any of these officers on the Certificates may be manual or facsimile.

 

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(c) Certificates bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Certificates or did not hold such offices at the date of such Certificates.

 

(d) No Purchase Contract evidenced by a Certificate shall be valid until such Certificate has been executed on behalf of the Holder by the manual or facsimile signature of an authorized officer of the Purchase Contract Agent, as such Holder’s attorney-in-fact. Such signature by an authorized officer of the Purchase Contract Agent shall be conclusive evidence that the Holder of such Certificate has entered into the Purchase Contract or Purchase Contracts evidenced by such Certificate.

 

(e) Each Certificate shall be dated the date of its authentication.

 

(f) No Certificate shall be entitled to any benefit under this Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Certificate a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by an authorized officer of the Purchase Contract Agent by manual or facsimile signature, and such certificate upon any Certificate shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Certificate has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder.

 

SECTION 3.04. Temporary Certificates. (a) Pending the preparation of definitive Certificates, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holders, and deliver, in lieu of such definitive Certificates, temporary Certificates which are in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A or Exhibit B hereto, as the case may be, with such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, are listed or quoted for trading or any depositary transfer, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Certificates.

 

(b) If temporary Certificates are issued, the Company will cause definitive Certificates to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Certificates, the temporary Certificates shall be exchangeable for definitive Certificates upon surrender of the temporary Certificates at the Corporate Trust Office or such other office or agency designated pursuant to Section 10.02 at the expense of the Company and without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Certificates, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver in exchange therefor, one or more definitive Certificates of like tenor and denominations and evidencing a like number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, as the temporary Certificate or Certificates so surrendered. Until so exchanged, the temporary Certificates shall in all respects evidence the same

 

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benefits and the same obligations with respect to the Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, evidenced thereby as definitive Certificates.

 

SECTION 3.05. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange. (a) The Purchase Contract Agent shall keep at the Corporate Trust Office a register (the register maintained in such office or in any other office or agency designated pursuant to Section 10.02 being herein referred to as “Normal Units Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Purchase Contract Agent shall provide for the registration of Normal Units Certificates and of transfers of Normal Units Certificates (the Purchase Contract Agent, in such capacity, the “Normal Units Registrar”) and a register (the register maintained in such office or in any other office or agency designated pursuant to Section 10.02 being herein referred to as the “Stripped Units Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Purchase Contract Agent shall provide for the registration of the Stripped Units Certificates and of transfers of Stripped Units Certificates (the Purchase Contract Agent, in such capacity, the “Stripped Units Registrar”).

 

(b) Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Certificate at the Corporate Trust Office or such office or agency designated pursuant to Section 10.02, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the designated transferee or transferees, and deliver one or more new Certificates of like tenor and denominations, registered in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, and evidencing a like number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be.

 

(c) At the option of the Holder, Certificates may be exchanged for other Certificates, of like tenor and denominations and evidencing a like number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, upon surrender of the Certificates to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver the Certificates which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

(d) All Certificates issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of a Certificate shall evidence the ownership of the same number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, and be entitled to the same benefits and subject to the same obligations, under this Agreement as the Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, evidenced by the Certificate surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

 

(e) Every Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent duly executed by the Holder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing.

 

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(f) No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of a Certificate, but the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent may require payment from the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificates, other than any exchanges pursuant to Sections 3.06, 3.09 and 8.05 not involving any transfer.

 

(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to issue or execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be obligated to authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder and deliver, any Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange on or after the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the earlier of the Stock Purchase Date or the Termination Date.

 

(h) In lieu of delivery of a new Certificate, upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified above in this Section and receipt of appropriate registration or transfer instructions from such Holder, the Purchase Contract Agent shall,

 

(i) if the Stock Purchase Date has occurred, deliver the Common Stock issuable in respect of the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Units evidenced by such Certificate,

 

(ii) in the case of Normal Units, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Stock Purchase Date, transfer the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as applicable, relating to such Normal Units, or

 

(iii) in the case of Stripped Units, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Stock Purchase Date, transfer the Treasury Securities relating to such Stripped Units,

 

in each case subject to the applicable conditions and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article V.

 

SECTION 3.06. Book-Entry Interests. The Certificates, on original issuance, will be issued in the form of one or more fully registered Global Certificates, to be delivered to the Depositary or a nominee or custodian thereof by, or on behalf of, the Company. Such Global Certificate shall initially be registered on the books and records of the Company in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of the Depositary, and no Beneficial Owner will receive a definitive Certificate representing such Beneficial Owner’s interest in such Global Certificate, except as provided in Section 3.09. The Purchase Contract Agent shall enter into a customary agreement with the Depositary if so requested by the Company. Unless and until definitive, fully registered Certificates have been issued to Beneficial Owners pursuant to Section 3.09:

 

(a) the provisions of this Section 3.06 shall be in full force and effect;

 

(b) the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes of this Agreement (including the

 

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payment of Contract Adjustment Payments and Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and receiving approvals, votes or consents hereunder) as the Holder of the Units and the sole holder of the Global Certificate(s) and shall have no obligation to the Beneficial Owners;

 

(c) to the extent that the provisions of this Section 3.06 conflict with any other provisions of this Agreement or any Certificate, the provisions of this Section 3.06 shall control; and

 

(d) the rights of the Beneficial Owners shall be exercised only through the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such Beneficial Owners and the Clearing Agency and/or the Clearing Agency Participants.

 

The Clearing Agency will make book-entry transfers among Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments of Contract Adjustment Payments and Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, to such Clearing Agency Participants.

 

SECTION 3.07. Notices to Holders. Whenever a notice or other communication to the Holders is required to be given under this Agreement, the Company or the Company’s agent shall give such notices and communications to the Holders and, with respect to any Units registered in the name of a Clearing Agency or the nominee of a Clearing Agency, the Company or the Company’s agent shall, except as set forth herein, have no obligations to the Beneficial Owners.

 

SECTION 3.08. Appointment of Successor Clearing Agency. If any Clearing Agency elects to discontinue its services as securities depositary with respect to the Units or ceases to be eligible as a “clearing agency” under the Exchange Act, the Company may, in its sole discretion, appoint a successor Clearing Agency with respect to the Units.

 

SECTION 3.09. Definitive Certificates. If

 

(a) a Clearing Agency notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue its services as securities depositary with respect to the Units and a successor Clearing Agency is not appointed within 90 days after such discontinuance pursuant to Section 3.08,

 

(b) the Company elects to terminate the book-entry system arrangements through the Clearing Agency with respect to the Units or

 

(c) there shall have occurred and be continuing a default by the Company in respect of its obligations under this Agreement or the Indenture governing the Notes, then, upon surrender of the Global Certificates representing the Book-Entry Interests with respect to the Units by the Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration instructions,

 

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the Company shall cause definitive Certificates to be delivered to Beneficial Owners in accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. The Company shall not be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on and shall be protected in relying on, such instructions.

 

SECTION 3.10. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Certificates. (a) If any mutilated Certificate is surrendered to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver in exchange therefor, a new Certificate at the cost of the Holder, evidencing the same number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, and bearing a Certificate number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

(b) If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Certificate, and (ii) such security or indemnity at the cost of the Holder as may be required by them to hold each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or to a Responsible Officer of the Purchase Contract Agent that such Certificate has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver to the Holder, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate, a new Certificate, evidencing the same number of Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, and bearing a Certificate number not contemporaneously outstanding.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be obligated to authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver to the Holder, a Certificate on or after the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the earlier of the Stock Purchase Date or the Termination Date. In lieu of delivery of a new Certificate, upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified above in this Section and receipt of appropriate registration or transfer instructions from such Holder, the Purchase Contract Agent shall:

 

(i) if the Stock Purchase Date has occurred, deliver the Common Stock issuable in respect of the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Units evidenced by such Certificate,

 

(ii) in the case of Normal Units, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Stock Purchase Date, transfer the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as applicable, relating to such Normal Units, or

 

(iii) in the case of Stripped Units, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Stock Purchase Date, transfer the Treasury Securities relating to such Stripped Units, in each case subject to the applicable conditions and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article V.

 

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(d) Upon the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 3.10, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent may require the payment by the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Purchase Contract Agent) connected therewith.

 

(e) Every new Certificate issued pursuant to this Section 3.10 in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company and of the Holder in respect of the Unit evidenced thereby, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate (and the Units evidenced thereby) shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits and be subject to all the obligations of this Agreement equally and proportionately with any and all other Certificates delivered hereunder.

 

(f) The provisions of this Section 3.10 are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificates.

 

SECTION 3.11. Persons Deemed Owners. (a) Prior to due presentment of a Certificate for registration of transfer, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, and any agent of the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent, may treat the Person in whose name such Certificate is registered on the Register as the owner of the Units evidenced thereby, for the purpose of receiving quarterly payments on the Notes or Treasury Consideration, receiving payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not any such payments shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company nor the Purchase Contract Agent, nor any agent of the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent, shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Certificate, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent or any agent of the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent, from treating the Clearing Agency as the sole Holder of such Global Certificate or from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any Clearing Agency (or its nominee), as a Holder of such Global Certificate, with respect to such Global Certificate or impair, as between such Clearing Agency and the Beneficial Owners, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of rights of such Clearing Agency (or its nominee) as a Holder of such Global Certificate.

 

SECTION 3.12. Cancellation. (a) All Certificates surrendered

 

(i) for delivery of Common Stock on or after any Settlement Date,

 

(ii) upon the transfer of Notes or Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, after the occurrence of a Termination Event or

 

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pursuant to an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement, or a Collateral Substitution or an establishment or re-establishment of a Normal Unit, or

 

(iii) upon the registration of a transfer or exchange of a Unit

 

shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Purchase Contract Agent, be delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent and, if not already cancelled, shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent for cancellation any Certificates previously authenticated, executed on behalf of any Holder and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Certificates so delivered shall, upon Issuer Order, be promptly cancelled by the Purchase Contract Agent. No Certificates shall be authenticated, executed on behalf of any Holder and delivered in lieu of or in exchange for any Certificates cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. All cancelled Certificates held by the Purchase Contract Agent shall be disposed of by the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with its then customary procedures.

 

(b) If the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall acquire any Certificate, such acquisition shall not operate as a cancellation of such Certificate unless and until such Certificate is cancelled or delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent for cancellation.

 

SECTION 3.13. Establishment of Stripped Units. (a) A Holder may separate the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as applicable, from the related Purchase Contracts in respect of the Normal Units held by such Holder by substituting for such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, Treasury Securities that will pay at the Stock Purchase Date an amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of such Normal Units (a “Collateral Substitution”), at any time from and after the date of this Agreement and on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, by (i) depositing with the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of such Normal Units and (ii) transferring the related Normal Units to the Purchase Contract Agent accompanied by a notice to the Purchase Contract Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, with a copy of such of such notice to the Company, stating that the Holder has transferred the relevant amount of Treasury Securities to the Collateral Agent and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, underlying such Normal Units, whereupon the Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, with a copy of such instruction to the Company, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto. Upon receipt of the Treasury Securities described in clause (i) above and the instruction described in clause (ii) above, in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent will release to the Purchase Contract Agent, on behalf of the Holder, such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration from the Pledge, free and clear of the Company’s security interest therein, and upon receipt thereof the Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly:

 

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(x) cancel the related Normal Units Certificate;

 

(y) transfer the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, to the Holder; and

 

(z) authenticate, execute on behalf of such Holder and deliver a Stripped Units Certificate executed by the Company in accordance with Section 3.03 evidencing the same number of Purchase Contracts as were evidenced by the cancelled Normal Units.

 

(b) Holders who elect to separate the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, from the related Purchase Contract and to substitute Treasury Securities for such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable to the Collateral Agent for its services as Collateral Agent in respect of the substitution, and the Company shall not be responsible for any such fees or expenses.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, Holders may make Collateral Substitutions (i) if Treasury Securities are being substituted for Pledged Notes, only in integral multiples of 40 Normal Units, or (ii) if the Collateral Substitutions occur after a Special Event Redemption, as the case may be, only in integral multiples of Normal Units such that the Treasury Securities to be deposited and the Treasury Consideration to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000.

 

(d) In the event a Holder making a Collateral Substitution pursuant to this Section 3.13 fails to effect a book-entry transfer of the Normal Units or fails to deliver a Normal Units Certificate to the Purchase Contract Agent after depositing Treasury Securities with the Collateral Agent, the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, constituting a part of such Normal Units, and any distributions on such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration shall be held in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such Holder, until such Normal Units are so transferred or the Normal Units Certificate is so delivered, as the case may be, or, with respect to a Normal Units Certificate, such Holder provides evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent that such Normal Units Certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company.

 

(e) Except as described in this Section 3.13, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Normal Unit remains in effect, such Normal Unit shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Normal Unit in respect of the Pledged Note or the Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, and the Purchase Contract comprising such Normal Unit may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged, only as a Normal Unit.

 

SECTION 3.14. Reestablishment of Normal Units. (a) A Holder of Stripped Units may reestablish Normal Units at any time from and after the date of this

 

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Agreement and on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, by:

 

(i) depositing with the Collateral Agent Notes in a principal amount or the Treasury Consideration (identified and calculated by reference to the Treasury Consideration then comprising Normal Units), as the case may be, then comprising such number of Normal Units as is equal to the number of such Stripped Units; and

 

(ii) transferring such Stripped Units to the Purchase Contract Agent accompanied by a notice to the Purchase Contract Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, stating that the Holder has transferred the relevant principal amount of Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, to the Collateral Agent and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying such Stripped Unit, whereupon the Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, with a copy of such instruction to the Company, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto. Upon receipt of the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, described in clause (i) above and the instruction described in clause (ii) above, in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent will release to the Purchase Contract Agent, on behalf of the Holder, such Pledged Treasury Securities from the Pledge, free and clear of the Company’s security interest therein, and upon receipt thereof the Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly:

 

(x) cancel the related Stripped Units certificate;

 

(y) transfer the Pledged Treasury Securities to the Holder; and

 

(z) authenticate, execute on behalf of such Holder and deliver a Normal Units Certificate executed by the Company in accordance with Section 3.03 evidencing the same number of Purchase Contracts as were evidenced by the cancelled Stripped Units.

 

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, Holders of Stripped Units may reestablish Normal Units (i) if Notes are being substituted for the Pledged Treasury Securities, only in integral multiples of 40 Stripped Units for 40 Normal Units or (ii) if the reestablishment occurs after a Special Event Redemption, as the case may be, only in integral multiples of Stripped Units such that the Treasury Consideration to be deposited and the Treasury Securities to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000.

 

(c) Except as provided in this Section 3.14, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Stripped Unit remains in effect, such Stripped Unit shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Stripped Unit in respect of the Pledged Treasury Securities and Purchase Contract comprising such Stripped Unit may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged, only as a Stripped Unit.

 

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(d) In the event a Holder who reestablishes Normal Units pursuant to this Section 3.14 fails to effect a book-entry transfer of the Stripped Units or fails to deliver a Stripped Units Certificate to the Purchase Contract Agent after depositing Pledged Notes with the Collateral Agent, the Treasury Securities constituting a part of such Stripped Units, and any distributions on such Treasury Securities shall be held in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such Holder, until such Stripped Units are so transferred or the Stripped Units Certificate is so delivered, as the case may be, or, with respect to a Stripped Units Certificate, such Holder provides evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent that such Stripped Units Certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company.

 

(e) Holders of Stripped Units who reestablish Normal Units shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable to the Collateral Agent for its services as Collateral Agent in respect of the substitution, and the Company shall not be responsible for any such fees or expenses.

 

SECTION 3.15. Transfer of Collateral upon Occurrence of Termination Event. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event and the transfer to the Purchase Contract Agent of the Notes, the Treasury Consideration or the Treasury Securities, as the case may be, underlying the Normal Units and the Stripped Units pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent shall request transfer instructions with respect to such Notes or the Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, from each Holder by written request mailed to such Holder at its address as it appears in the Normal Units Register or the Stripped Units Register, as the case may be. Upon book-entry transfer of the Normal Units or Stripped Units or delivery of a Normal Units Certificate or Stripped Units Certificate to the Purchase Contract Agent with such transfer instructions, the Purchase Contract Agent shall transfer the Notes, the Treasury Consideration or the Treasury Securities underlying such Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, to such Holder by book-entry transfer, or other appropriate procedures, in accordance with such instructions. In the event a Holder of Normal Units or Stripped Units fails to effect such transfer or delivery, the Notes, the Treasury Consideration or the Treasury Securities, as the case may be, underlying such Normal Units or Stripped Units, as the case may be, and any distributions thereon, shall be held in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such Holder, until such Normal Units or Stripped Units are transferred or the Normal Units Certificate or Stripped Units Certificate is surrendered or such Holder provides satisfactory evidence that such Normal Units Certificate or Stripped Units Certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company. In the case of the Treasury Portfolio or any Treasury Securities, the Purchase Contract Agent may dispose of the subject securities for cash and pay the applicable portion of such cash to the Holders in lieu of such Holders’ Treasury Securities, where such Holder would otherwise have been entitled to receive less than $1,000 of any such security.

 

SECTION 3.16. No Consent to Assumption. Each Holder of a Unit, by acceptance thereof, shall be deemed expressly to have withheld any consent to the

 

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assumption (i.e., affirmance), under Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code or otherwise, of the Purchase Contract by the Company, any receiver, liquidator or person or entity performing similar functions or its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or subject to other similar state or federal or other law providing for reorganization or liquidation.

 

SECTION 3.17. CUSIP Numbers. The Company in issuing the Units may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Purchase Contract Agent shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices to Holders as a convenience to Holders, provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice to Holders and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Units, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Purchase Contract Agent of any changes in the “CUSIP” numbers.

 

SECTION 3.18. Currency of Payments. Any cash payments under this Agreement shall be paid in U.S. dollars in immediately available funds.

 

SECTION 3.19. Legends. With respect to the Units issued to the Private Purchaser, such Units shall have appropriate legends restricting transfer.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

The Notes

 

SECTION 4.01. Payment of Interest; Rights to Interest Payments Preserved. (a) A payment on any Note or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, that is paid on any Payment Date shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Purchase Contract Agent from the Collateral Agent (if the Collateral Agent is the registered owner thereof) as provided by the terms of the Pledge Agreement, be paid to the Person in whose name the Normal Units Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Normal Units Certificates), of which such Note or the Treasury Consideration is a part, is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date.

 

(b) Each Normal Units Certificate evidencing Notes delivered under this Agreement upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Normal Units Certificate shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and rights to accrue interest, which were carried by the Notes or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, underlying such other Normal Units Certificate.

 

(c) In the case of any Normal Unit with respect to which (i) Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on an Early Settlement Date, (ii) Merger Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on a Merger Early Settlement Date, (iii) Cash Settlement is effected on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, or (iv) a Collateral Substitution is effected, in each case on a date that is after any Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Payment Date, payments on the Note or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, underlying such Normal Unit otherwise payable on such Payment Date shall be payable on such Payment Date notwithstanding such Early

 

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Settlement, Merger Early Settlement, Cash Settlement or Collateral Substitution, as the case may be, and such payments shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Purchase Contract Agent, be payable to the Person in whose name the Normal Units Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Normal Unit Certificates) was registered at the close of business on such Record Date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the immediately preceding sentence, in the case of any Normal Unit with respect to which Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement or Cash Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected, or with respect to which a Collateral Substitution has been effected, payments on the related Notes or payments on the Treasury Consideration that would otherwise be payable after the applicable Settlement Date or after such Collateral Substitution, as the case may be, shall not be payable hereunder to the Holder of such Normal Unit; provided that, to the extent that such Holder continues to hold the separated Notes that formerly comprised a part of such Holder’s Normal Units, such Holder shall be entitled to receive any payments on such separated Notes.

 

SECTION 4.02. Notice and Voting. Under and subject to the terms of the Pledge Agreement and this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent will be entitled to exercise the voting and any other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Notes but only to the extent instructed in writing by the Holders as described below. Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which holders of Notes are entitled to vote or upon any solicitation of consents, waivers or proxies of holders of Notes, the Purchase Contract Agent shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail, at the expense of the Company or one of its subsidiaries, to the Holders of Normal Units a notice prepared by the Company (a) containing such information as is contained in the notice or solicitation, (b) stating that each Holder on the record date set by the Purchase Contract Agent therefor (which, to the extent possible, shall be the same date as the record date for determining the holders of Notes entitled to vote) shall be entitled to instruct the Purchase Contract Agent as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the Pledged Notes underlying their Normal Units and (c) stating the manner in which such instructions may be given. Upon the written request of any Holder of Normal Units on such record date, the Purchase Contract Agent shall endeavor insofar as practicable to vote or cause to be voted, in accordance with the instructions set forth in such request, the maximum number of Pledged Notes as to which any particular voting instructions are received. In the absence of specific instructions from the Holder of a Normal Unit, the Purchase Contract Agent shall abstain from voting the Pledged Note underlying such Normal Unit. The Company hereby agrees, if applicable, to solicit Holders of Normal Units to timely instruct the Purchase Contract Agent in writing in order to enable the Purchase Contract Agent to vote such Pledged Notes.

 

SECTION 4.03. Special Event Redemption. (a) Upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption prior to the successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.04, the Company shall instruct in writing the Collateral Agent to apply, and upon such written instruction, the Collateral Agent shall apply, out of the aggregate Redemption Price for the Notes that are components of Normal Units, an amount equal to the Special Event Redemption Principal Amount to purchase on behalf of the Holders of Normal Units the Treasury Portfolio and promptly remit the remaining portion of such Redemption Price to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the

 

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Holders of such Normal Units. The Treasury Portfolio will be substituted for the Pledged Notes and will be pledged to the Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement to secure the obligation of each Holder of a Normal Unit to purchase the Common Stock under the Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Normal Unit. Following the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption prior to a successful remarketing of the Notes pursuant to the provisions of Section 5.04, the Holders of Normal Units and the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Treasury Portfolio as the Holder of Normal Units and the Collateral Agent had in respect of the Notes, as the case may be, subject to the Pledge thereof as provided in the Pledge Agreement, and any reference herein or in the Certificates to the Note shall be deemed to be a reference to such Treasury Portfolio and any reference herein or in the Certificates to interest on the Notes shall be deemed to be a reference to corresponding distributions on the Treasury Portfolio. The Company may cause to be made in any Normal Unit Certificates thereafter to be issued such change in phraseology and form (but not in substance) as may be appropriate to reflect the substitution of the Treasury Portfolio for Notes as collateral.

 

(b) Upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption after the successful remarketing of the Notes or after the Stock Purchase Date, the Redemption Price will be payable in cash to the holders of the Notes.

 

ARTICLE V

 

The Purchase Contracts; The Remarketing

 

SECTION 5.01. Purchase of Common Stock. (a) Each Purchase Contract shall, unless a Termination Event, an Early Settlement or a Merger Early Settlement shall have occurred prior to the Stock Purchase Date, obligate the Holder of the related Unit to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Stock Purchase Date at a price equal to $25 (the “Purchase Price”), a number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable newly issued shares of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate. The “Settlement Rate” is an amount equal to the sum of the “Daily Amounts” (as defined below) calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on             , 2008. The Daily Amount for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008, subject to any then applicable anti-dilution adjustments, is defined as:

 

(i) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is less than or equal to the Reference Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Reference Price,

 

(ii) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the Closing Price for the Common Stock is greater than the Reference Price but less than the Threshold Appreciation Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Closing Price,

 

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and

 

(iii) for each of those 20 trading days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is greater than or equal to the Threshold Appreciation Price, a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Threshold Appreciation Price,

 

in each case subject to adjustment as provided in Section 5.06 (and in each case rounded upward or downward to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share). The number of shares of Common Stock per purchase contract specified above is referred to herein as “Share Components.”

 

The “Reference Price” is $                , which is the initial public offering price per share of Common Stock. The “Threshold Appreciation Price” is $                , which is           % of the Reference Price.

 

(b) No fractional Common Stock will be issued by the Company with respect to settlement or payment of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Stock Purchase Date. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise issuable, the Holder will be entitled to receive an amount in cash as provided in Section 5.12.

 

(c) The “Closing Price” of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) on such date or, if the Common Stock are not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities exchange on which the Common Stock are so listed, or if the Common Stock are not so listed on a United States securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock are not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company. A “Trading Day” means a day on which the Common Stock (A) are not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) have traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Common Stock at the close of business on such day. If 20 Trading Days for the Company’s Common Stock have not occurred during the period beginning on , 2008 and ending on , 2008 (1) all remaining Trading Days will be deemed to occur on , 2008 (or the first trading day thereafter if such day is not a trading day) and (2) the

 

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Closing Price for each of the remaining Trading Days will be the Closing Price on                 , 2008.

 

(d) Each Holder of a Unit, by its acceptance thereof, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contract on its behalf as its attorney-in-fact (including the execution of Certificates on behalf of such Holder), agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform its obligations under such Purchase Contract, consents to the provisions hereof, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent as its attorney-in-fact to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on its behalf as its attorney-in-fact, and consents to and agrees to be bound by the Pledge of the Notes, the Treasury Consideration or the Treasury Securities pursuant to the Pledge Agreement; provided that upon a Termination Event, the rights of the Holder of such Unit under the Purchase Contract, to the extent not automatically terminated as a result of such Termination Event, may be enforced without regard to any other rights or obligations.

 

(e) Upon registration of transfer of a Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee) under the terms of this Agreement, the Purchase Contracts underlying such Certificate and the Pledge Agreement, and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under this Agreement, the Purchase Contracts underlying the Certificate so transferred and the Pledge Agreement. The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Certificate, by its acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph.

 

SECTION 5.02. Contract Adjustment Payments. (a) Contract Adjustment Payments shall accumulate on each Purchase Contract constituting a part of a Unit at           % per year of the Stated Amount of such Unit, from                 , 2005 through but excluding the Stock Purchase Date, provided that no Contract Adjustment Payment shall accrue after an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement. Subject to Section 5.03, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name a Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Certificates) is registered on the Register at the close of business on the Record Date next preceding such Payment Date. The Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, will be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, or, if the Units do not remain in book-entry only form, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person’s address as it appears on the Register or by wire transfer to the account maintained in the United States designated by written notice given ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date by such Person.

 

(b) Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company’s obligation to pay Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued and unpaid Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments), if any, automatically shall cease.

 

(c) Each Certificate delivered under this Agreement upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Certificate (including as a result of a

 

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Collateral Substitution or the re-establishment of a Normal Unit) shall carry the rights to receive Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued and unpaid Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments), if any, and to accrue Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, which were carried by the Purchase Contracts underlying such other Certificates.

 

(d) Subject to Sections 5.04, 5.09 and 5.10, in the case of any Unit with respect to which Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on an Early Settlement Date or a Merger Early Settlement Date, respectively, or in respect of which Cash Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, or with respect to which a Collateral Substitution or a reestablishment of a Normal Unit pursuant to Section 3.14 is effected, in each case on a date that is after any Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Payment Date, Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contract underlying such Unit otherwise payable on such Payment Date shall be payable on such Payment Date notwithstanding such Cash Settlement, Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement, Collateral Substitution or a reestablishment of Normal Units, and such Contract Adjustment Payments shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Purchase Contract Agent, be payable to the Person in whose name the Certificate evidencing such Unit (or one or more Predecessor Certificates) was registered at the close of business on such Record Date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the immediately preceding sentence, in the case of any Unit with respect to which Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement on an Early Settlement Date or Merger Early Settlement Date, as the case may be, Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, that would otherwise be payable after the Early Settlement Date, or Merger Early Settlement Date, with respect to such Purchase Contract shall not be payable.

 

(e) The Company’s obligations with respect to Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments) will be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the Company’s obligations under any Senior Indebtedness to the extent set forth in Section 5.02(f).

 

(f) Subject to the provisions of Section 5.08, in the event (x) of any payment by, or distribution of assets of, the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to creditors upon any dissolution, winding-up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings, or (y) subject to the provisions of Section 5.02(h) below, that (i) a default shall have occurred and be continuing with respect to the payment of principal, interest or any other monetary amounts due and payable on any Senior Indebtedness and such default shall have continued beyond the period of grace, if any, specified in the instrument evidencing such Senior Indebtedness (and the Purchase Contract Agent shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or one or more holders of Senior Indebtedness or their representative or representatives or the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued), or (ii) the maturity of any Senior Indebtedness shall have been accelerated because of a default in respect of such Senior Indebtedness (and the Purchase Contract Agent shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or one or more holders of Senior Indebtedness or their representative

 

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or representatives or the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued), then:

 

(i) the holders of all Senior Indebtedness shall first be entitled to receive, in the case of clause (x) above, payment in full of all amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Indebtedness and, in the case of subclauses (i) and (ii) of clause (y) above, payment of all amounts due thereon, or provision shall be made for such payment in money or money’s worth, before the Holders of any of the Units are entitled to receive any Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units;

 

(ii) any payment by, or distribution of assets of, the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which the Holders of any of the Units would be entitled except for the provisions of Sections 5.02(e) through (q), including any such payment or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness of the Company being subordinated to the payment of such Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units, shall be paid or delivered by the Person making such payment or distribution, whether a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver or liquidating trustee or otherwise, directly to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness or their representative or representatives or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture under which any instruments evidencing any of such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, ratably according to the aggregate amounts remaining unpaid on account of such Senior Indebtedness held or represented by each, to the extent necessary to make payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution (or provision therefor) to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness, before any payment or distribution is made of such Contract Adjustment Payments to the Holders of such Units; and

 

(iii) in the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment by, or distribution of assets of, the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, including any such payment or distribution which may be payable or deliverable by reason of the payment of any other indebtedness of the Company being subordinated to the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units, shall be received by the Purchase Contract Agent or the Holders of any of the Units when such payment or distribution is prohibited pursuant to Sections 5.02(e) through (q), such payment or distribution shall be paid over to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness or their representative or representatives or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any instruments evidencing any such Senior Indebtedness may have been issued, ratably as aforesaid, for application to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness remaining unpaid until all such Senior Indebtedness shall have been paid in full, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution (or provision therefor) to the holders of such Senior Indebtedness.

 

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(g) For purposes of Sections 5.02(e) through (q), the words “cash, property or securities” shall not be deemed to include shares of stock of the Company as reorganized or readjusted, or securities of the Company or any other Person provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment, the payment of which is subordinated at least to the extent provided in Sections 5.02(e) through (q) with respect to such Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Units to the payment of all Senior Indebtedness which may at the time be outstanding; provided that (i) the indebtedness or guarantee of indebtedness, as the case may be, that constitutes Senior Indebtedness is assumed by the Person, if any, resulting from any such reorganization or readjustment, and (ii) the rights of the holders of the Senior Indebtedness are not, without the consent of each such holder adversely affected thereby, altered by such reorganization or readjustment.

 

(h) Any failure by the Company to make any payment on or perform any other obligation under Senior Indebtedness, other than any indebtedness incurred by the Company or assumed or guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by the Company for money borrowed (or any deferral, renewal, extension or refunding thereof) or any indebtedness or obligation as to which the provisions of Sections 5.02(e) through (g) shall have been waived by the Company in the instrument or instruments by which the Company incurred, assumed, guaranteed or otherwise created such indebtedness or obligation, shall not be deemed a default or event of default if (i) the Company shall be disputing its obligation to make such payment or perform such obligation and (ii) either (A) no final judgment relating to such dispute shall have been issued against the Company which is in full force and effect and is not subject to further review, including a judgment that has become final by reason of the expiration of the time within which a party may seek further appeal or review, and (B) in the event a judgment that is subject to further review or appeal has been issued, the Company shall in good faith be prosecuting an appeal or other proceeding for review and a stay of execution shall have been obtained pending such appeal or review.

 

(i) Subject to the payment in full of all Senior Indebtedness, the Holders of the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units shall be subrogated (equally and ratably with the holders of all obligations of the Company which by their express terms are subordinated to Senior Indebtedness of the Company to the same extent as payment of the Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments in respect of the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units is subordinated and which are entitled to like rights of subrogation) to the rights of the holders of Senior Indebtedness to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company applicable to the Senior Indebtedness until all such Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments owing on the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units shall be paid in full, and as between the Company, its creditors other than holders of such Senior Indebtedness and the Holders, no such payment or distribution made to the holders of Senior Indebtedness by virtue of Sections 5.02(e) through (q) that otherwise would have been made to the Holders shall be deemed to be a payment by the Company on account of such Senior Indebtedness, it being understood that the provisions of Sections 5.02(e) through (q) are and are intended solely for the purpose of defining the relative rights of the Holders, on the one hand, and the holders of Senior Indebtedness, on the other hand.

 

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(j) Nothing contained in Sections 5.02(e) through (q) or elsewhere in this Agreement or in the Units is intended to or shall impair, as among the Company, its creditors other than the holders of Senior Indebtedness and the Holders, the obligation of the Company, which, subject to the occurrence of a Termination Event as described in Section 5.02(b) and the Company’s right pursuant to Section 5.03 to defer Contract Adjustment Payments, is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders such Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders and creditors of the Company other than the holders of Senior Indebtedness, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder from exercising all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Agreement, subject to the rights, if any, under these Sections 5.02(e) through (q), of the holders of Senior Indebtedness in respect of cash, property or securities of the Company received upon the exercise of any such remedy.

 

(k) Upon payment or distribution of assets of the Company referred to in these Sections 5.02(e) through (q), the Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any court of competent jurisdiction in which any such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceeding affecting the affairs of the Company is pending or upon a certificate of the trustee in bankruptcy, receiver, assignee for the benefit of creditors, liquidating trustee or agent or other Person making any payment or distribution, delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent or to the Holders, for the purpose of ascertaining the Persons entitled to participate in such payment or distribution, the holders of the Senior Indebtedness and other indebtedness of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to these Sections 5.02(e) through (q).

 

(l) The Purchase Contract Agent shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself to be a holder of Senior Indebtedness (or a trustee or representative on behalf of such holder) to establish that such notice has been given by a holder of Senior Indebtedness or a trustee or representative on behalf of any such holder or holders. In the event that the Purchase Contract Agent determines in good faith that further evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person as a holder of Senior Indebtedness to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to Sections 5.02(e) through (q), the Purchase Contract Agent may request such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Purchase Contract Agent as to the amount of Senior Indebtedness held by such Person, the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the rights of such Person under Sections 5.02(e) through (q), and, if such evidence is not furnished, the Purchase Contract Agent may defer payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment.

 

(m) Nothing contained in Sections 5.02(e) through (q) shall affect the obligations of the Company to make, or prevent the Company from making, payment of

 

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the Contract Adjustment Payments, except as provided in these Sections 5.02(e) through (q).

 

(n) Each Holder of Units, by his acceptance thereof, authorizes and directs the Purchase Contract Agent on his, her or its behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate the subordination provided in Sections 5.02(e) through (q) and appoints the Purchase Contract Agent his, her or its attorney-in-fact, as the case may be, for any and all such purposes.

 

(o) The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent of any fact known to the Company that would prohibit the making of any payment of moneys to or by the Purchase Contract Agent in respect of the Purchase Contracts underlying the Units pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5.02. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 5.02(e) through (q) or any other provisions of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts that would prohibit the making of any payment of moneys to or by the Purchase Contract Agent, or the taking of any other action by the Purchase Contract Agent, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Purchase Contract Agent shall have received written notice thereof from the Company, any Holder, any paying agent or the holder or representative of any Senior Indebtedness; provided that, if at least two Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any such moneys may become payable for any purpose, the Purchase Contract Agent shall not have received with respect to such moneys the notice provided for in this Section 5.02(o), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Purchase Contract Agent shall have full power and authority to receive such moneys and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary that may be received by it within two Business Days prior to or on or after such date.

 

(p) The Purchase Contract Agent in its individual capacity shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Section 5.02 with respect to any Senior Indebtedness at the time held by it, to the same extent as any other holder of Senior Indebtedness and nothing in this Agreement shall deprive the Purchase Contract Agent of any of its rights as such holder.

 

(q) No right of any present or future holder of any Senior Indebtedness to enforce the subordination herein shall at any time or in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any noncompliance by the Company with the terms, provisions and covenants of this Agreement, regardless of any knowledge thereof which any such holder may have or be otherwise charged with.

 

(r) Nothing in this Section 5.02 shall apply to claims of, or payments to, the Purchase Contract Agent under or pursuant to Section 7.07 hereof.

 

With respect to the holders of Senior Indebtedness, (i) the duties and obligations of the Purchase Contract Agent shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Agreement; (ii) the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable except

 

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for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Agreement; (iii) no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Purchase Contract Agent; and (iv) the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be deemed to be a fiduciary as to such holders.

 

SECTION 5.03. Deferral of Contract Adjustment Payments. (a) The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Stock Purchase Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Purchase Contract Agent written notice of its election to defer each such deferred Contract Adjustment Payment (specifying the amount to be deferred) at least ten Business Days prior to the earlier of (i) the next succeeding Payment Date or (ii) the date the Company is required to give notice of the Payment Date with respect to payment of such Contract Adjustment Payments to the NYSE or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to Holders of the Units, but in any event not less than one Business Day prior to such Record Date. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall, to the extent permitted by law, accrue additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of           % per year (computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, accrued thereon, being referred to herein as the “Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments”). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to this Section 5.03. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Settlement Date and no such deferral period may end other than on a Payment Date. If the Purchase Contracts are terminated upon the occurrence of a Termination Event or Early Settlement, the Holder’s right to receive Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, will terminate.

 

(b) In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until a Payment Date prior to the Stock Purchase Date, then all Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be payable to the registered Holders as of the close of business on the Record Date immediately preceding such Payment Date.

 

(c) In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Stock Purchase Date, each Holder will receive on the Stock Purchase Date in lieu of a cash payment a number of Common Stock (in addition to a number of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate) equal to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the sum of the “share amounts” calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008. For each of such 20 Trading Days, the share amount shall be equal to (a) the aggregate amount of deferred contract adjustment payments payable to the holder divided by (b) the product of 20 multiplied by the Closing Price of the Common Stock for the respective trading day.

 

(d) No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued by the Company with respect to settlement or payment of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the

 

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Stock Purchase Date. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise issuable, the Holder will be entitled to receive an amount in cash as provided in Section 5.12.

 

(e) In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments then, until the date on which the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not, and will not permit any subsidiary of the Company to, declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company’s Common Stock other than:

 

(i) repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of Common Stock of the Company in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of employees, officers, directors or agents or a share purchase or dividend reinvestment plan, or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date the Company exercises its right to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments;

 

(ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company’s Capital Stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock for another class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock;

 

(iii) the purchase of fractional interests of the Company’s Capital Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such Capital Stock or the security being converted or exchanged;

 

(iv) dividends or distributions in the Company’s Capital Stock (or rights to acquire the Company’s Capital Stock) or repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of the Company’s Capital Stock in exchange for or out of the net cash proceeds of the sale of the Company’s Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of the Company’s Capital Stock); or

 

(v) redemptions, exchanges or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan on the date the Company exercises its right to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments or the declaration or payment thereunder of a dividend or distribution of or with respect to rights in the future, or the redemption or repurchase of any rights pursuant thereto.

 

(f) In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments then, the Company’s subsidiaries shall not be restricted from making payments similar to those specified in 5.03(e) on their respective capital stock.

 

SECTION 5.04. Payment of Purchase Price; Remarketing. (a) Unless a Special Event Redemption or Termination Event has occurred, or a Holder of a Unit has settled the underlying Purchase Contract through an Early Settlement pursuant to Section 5.09 or a Merger Early Settlement pursuant to Section 5.10, each Holder of a Normal Unit may pay in cash (“Cash Settlement”) the Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased pursuant to a Purchase Contract if such Holder notifies the

 

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Purchase Contract Agent by surrender of the Normal Unit Certificate, if in certificated form, and delivery of a notice in substantially the form of Exhibit E hereto of its intention to make a Cash Settlement. Such notice shall be made on or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date. The Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent of the receipt of such a notice from a Holder intending to make a Cash Settlement.

 

(i) A Holder of a Normal Unit who has so notified the Purchase Contract Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement is required to pay the Purchase Price to the Collateral Agent prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashier’s check or wire transfer, in each case in immediately available funds payable to or upon the order of the Collateral Agent for deposit in the Collateral Account. Any cash received by the Collateral Agent will be paid to the Company on the Stock Purchase Date in settlement of the Purchase Contract in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, and any funds received by the Collateral Agent in excess of the Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased by such Holder shall be distributed to the Purchase Contract Agent when received for payment to the Holder.

 

(ii) If a Holder of a Normal Unit fails to notify the Purchase Contract Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph (a)(i) above, the Holder shall be deemed to have consented to the disposition of the Pledged Notes pursuant to the remarketing as described in paragraph (b) below. If a Holder of a Normal Unit does notify the Purchase Contract Agent as provided in paragraph (a)(i) above of its intention to pay the Purchase Price in cash, but fails to make such payment as required by paragraph (a)(i) above, the Holder shall be deemed to have consented to the disposition of the Pledged Notes pursuant to the remarketing as described in paragraph (b) below.

 

(b) (i) Unless a Special Event Redemption has occurred, the Company and Lazard Group Finance shall engage, no later than 30 days prior to the Remarketing Date, a nationally recognized investment bank (the “Remarketing Agent”) pursuant to a Remarketing Agreement to be entered into among the Company, Lazard Group Finance and the Remarketing Agent (but providing for remarketing procedures substantially as set forth below) to sell the Notes of Holders of Normal Units, other than Holders that have elected not to participate in the remarketing pursuant to the procedures set forth in clause (iv) below, and holders of Separate Notes that have elected to participate in the remarketing pursuant to the procedures set forth in Section 4.05(d) of the Pledge Agreement. The Company or the Purchase Contract Agent, at the Company’s request, shall notify (the “Remarketing Notice”), not later than 10:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the seventh Business Day immediately preceding the Remarketing Date, Holders of Normal Units, and holders of Separate Notes, of the remarketing to take place on the Remarketing Date, and if necessary, on the eighth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, and if necessary, on the seventh Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, and if necessary, on the sixth Business Day

 

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immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, and if necessary, on the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, and if necessary, on the fourth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, and if necessary, on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date (each such date other than the Remarketing Date a “Subsequent Remarketing Date”) (and if such Normal Units or Separate Notes are held in global form, the Company, or the Purchase Contract Agent, at the Company’s request, will cause the Clearing Agency to notify the Clearing Agency Participants of such remarketing by no later than the seventh Business Day preceding the Remarketing Date). The Remarketing Notice will include the amount of cash that must be delivered by the Holders of Normal Units that elect not to participate in the remarketing and the deadline for such delivery. The Purchase Contract Agent shall notify, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the eleventh Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, the Remarketing Agent and the Collateral Agent of the aggregate principal amount of Notes of Normal Unit Holders to be remarketed. On the eleventh Business Day preceding the Stock Purchase Date, no later than by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Custodial Agent will notify the Remarketing Agent of the aggregate principal amount of Separate Notes to be remarketed. Upon receipt of such notice from the Purchase Contract Agent and the Custodial Agent, the Remarketing Agent will, on the Remarketing Date, and if necessary, on each Subsequent Remarketing Date, use its reasonable best efforts to sell such Notes on such dates at an aggregate price equal to 100.5% of the aggregate principal amount of such Notes. If the Remarketing Agent is able to remarket such Notes at a price equal to 100.5% of the aggregate principal amount of such Notes, the proceeds will be paid to the Collateral Agent, on behalf of the Company, in direct settlement of the obligations of the Holders under the related Purchase Contracts to purchase Common Stock of the Company. In the event of a successful remarketing pursuant to this Section 5.04, the Remarketing Agent will deduct as a remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the Remarketing Value of such Notes (the “Remarketing Fee”). The Remarketing Agent will remit (1) to the Custodial Agent, for the benefit of the holders of Separate Notes that were remarketed, the portion of the proceeds from the remarketing attributable to such Separate Notes and (2) the remaining portion of the proceeds, less those proceeds paid to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, and used to pay the Company in direct settlement of the Holders’ obligations under the Purchase Contracts, to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders of the Normal Units that were remarketed, all determined on a pro rata basis, in each case, on or prior to the third Business Day following the date on which the Notes were successfully remarketed. Holders whose Notes are so remarketed will not otherwise be responsible for the payment of any Remarketing Fee in connection therewith.

 

(ii) If, in spite of using its reasonable best efforts, the Remarketing Agent cannot remarket the Notes included in the remarketing at a price equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the Notes included in the remarketing on the Remarketing Date, the Remarketing Agent will attempt to establish a Remarketing Rate meeting these requirements on each of the Subsequent Remarketing Dates. If, in spite of using its reasonable best efforts, the Remarketing Agent fails to remarket the Notes included in the remarketing at a

 

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price equal to 100.5% of the principal amount of the Notes included in the remarketing on or before 4:00 p.m., New York City time on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, the remarketing will be deemed to have failed (the “Last Failed Remarketing”), and in this case, the Remarketing Agent will agree to advise the Collateral Agent in writing that it cannot remarket the Notes. The maturity date of the Notes will be the Stock Purchase Date in the event that the remarketing agent fails to remarket the Notes. The Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company may exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to such Notes, including those actions specified in clause (b)(iii) below; provided that if upon the Last Failed Remarketing, the Collateral Agent exercises such rights for the benefit of the Company with respect to such Notes, any accumulated and unpaid interest on such Notes will become payable by Lazard Group Finance to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the Holders of the Normal Units to which such Notes relate. Such payment will be made by Lazard Group Finance on or prior to 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Stock Purchase Date. The Company will cause a notice of any failed remarketing and of the Last Failed Remarketing to be published before 9:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day following each failed remarketing and the Last Failed Remarketing, as the case may be. The Company will also release this information by means of Bloomberg and Reuters newswire (or any successor or equivalent of such newswires).

 

(iii) With respect to any Notes which constitute part of Normal Units which are subject to the Last Failed Remarketing, the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company reserves all of its rights as a secured party with respect thereto and, subject to applicable law and Section 5.04 (e) below, may, among other things permit the Company to, (A) retain and cancel such Notes or (B) cause the Notes to be sold, in either case, in full satisfaction of the Holders’ obligations under the Purchase Contracts.

 

(iv) A Holder of Normal Units may elect not to participate in the remarketing and retain the Notes underlying such Units by notifying the Purchase Contract Agent of such election on or prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date and delivering the requisite amount of cash in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashier’s check or wire transfer, in each case, in immediately available funds, equal to the Purchase Price per Purchase Contract (the “Cash Consideration”) to the Purchase Contract Agent not later than 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the thirteenth Business Day prior to the Stock Purchase Date as set forth in the Remarketing Notice and following the procedures to exchange its Normal Units for Stripped Units (substituting references to Treasury Securities with references to Cash Consideration) as described in Section 3.13 (an “Opt-Out”). In such event, all references to the Treasury Securities or Pledged Treasury Securities herein, including for purposes of Sections 3.15 and 5.8, shall be deemed to include such Cash Consideration in addition to the Treasury Securities. Upon receipt thereof by the Purchase Contract Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent shall deliver such Cash Consideration to the Collateral Agent,

 

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which will for the benefit of the Company, thereupon apply such Cash Consideration to secure such Holder’s obligations under the Purchase Contracts. On the Business Day immediately preceding the first day of the Remarketing Period, the Collateral Agent, pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, will deliver the Pledged Notes of such Holder to the Purchase Contract Agent and within three Business Days thereof, the Purchase Contract Agent shall distribute such Notes to the Holders thereof. A Holder that does not so deliver the requisite Cash Consideration or does not so notify the Agent of its election not to participate in the remarketing pursuant to this clause (b)(iv) shall be deemed to have elected to participate in the remarketing. Any Cash Consideration received by the Collateral Agent will be paid to the Company on the Stock Purchase Date in settlement of the Purchase Contract in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, and any funds received by the Collateral Agent in excess of the Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased by such Holder shall be distributed to the Purchase Contract Agent when received for payment to the Holder.

 

(c) Upon the maturity of the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying the Stripped Units and, in the event of a Special Event Redemption, the Pledged Treasury Consideration underlying the Normal Units, on the Stock Purchase Date the Collateral Agent shall remit to the Company an amount equal to the aggregate Purchase Price applicable to such Units, as payment for the Common Stock issuable upon settlement thereof without needing to receive any instructions from the Holders of such Units. In the event the payments in respect of the Pledged Treasury Securities or the Pledged Treasury Consideration underlying a Unit is in excess of the Purchase Price of the Purchase Contract being settled thereby, the Collateral Agent will distribute such excess to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holder of such Unit when received.

 

(d) Any distribution to Holders of excess funds and interest described in Section 5.04(b) and (c) above shall be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, or, if the Units do not remain in book-entry only form, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person’s address as it appears on the Register or by wire transfer to the account maintained in the United States designated by written notice given ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date by such Person.

 

(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in the Pledge Agreement, subject to Section 3.02 of the Pledge Agreement, the obligations of each Holder to pay the Purchase Price are non-recourse obligations and are payable solely out of the proceeds of any Collateral pledged to secure the obligations of the Holders (except to the extent paid by Cash Settlement, Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement) and in no event will Holders be liable for any deficiency between such payments and the Purchase Price.

 

(f) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not be obligated to issue any Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder of the related Unit unless the Company shall have

 

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(i) received payment in full of the aggregate Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased thereunder by such Holder in the manner herein set forth or (ii) become entitled to exercise its rights as a secured party under Section 5.04(b)(iii).

 

SECTION 5.05. Issuance of Common Stock. Unless a Termination Event shall have occurred on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date or an Early Settlement or a Merger Early Settlement shall have occurred, on the Stock Purchase Date, upon the Company’s receipt of payment in full of the Purchase Price for the Common Stock purchased by the Holders pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Article and subject to Section 5.06(b) or the Company’s exercise of its rights as a secured party pursuant to Section 5.04(b)(iii), the Company shall issue and deposit with the Purchase Contract Agent, for the benefit of the Holders of the Outstanding Units, one or more certificates representing the newly issued shares of Common Stock, registered in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent (or its nominee) as custodian for the Holders (such certificates for Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions for which both a record date and payment date for such dividend or distribution has occurred after the Stock Purchase Date, being hereinafter referred to as the “Purchase Contract Settlement Fund”), to which the Holders are entitled hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, upon surrender of a Certificate to the Purchase Contract Agent on or after the Stock Purchase Date, together with settlement instructions thereon duly completed and executed, the Holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate representing that number of whole Shares of Common Stock which such Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article V (after taking into account all Units then held by such Holder) together with cash in lieu of fractional shares as provided in Section 5.12 and any dividends or distributions with respect to such shares constituting part of the Purchase Contract Settlement Fund, but without any interest thereon, and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. Such shares shall be registered in the name of the Holder or the Holder’s designee as specified in the settlement instructions provided by the Holder to the Purchase Contract Agent. If any Common Stock issued in respect of a Purchase Contract are to be registered to a Person other than the Person in whose name the Certificate evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered, no such registration shall be made unless the Person requesting such registration has paid any transfer and other taxes required by reason of such registration in a name other than that of the registered Holder of such Certificate or has established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax either has been paid or is not payable.

 

SECTION 5.06. Adjustment of Settlement Rate. The Daily Amount used in determining the Settlement Rate and the number of shares of Common Stock to be delivered upon an Early Settlement will be subject to adjustment, without duplication, under the following circumstances:

 

(a) Adjustments for Dividends, Distributions, Stock Splits, Etc.

 

(1) Adjustment for Change in Capital Stock. If, after the date of this Agreement, the Company: (A) pays a dividend or makes another distribution on Common Stock to all holders of Common Stock payable exclusively in shares of Common Stock; (B) subdivides or splits the outstanding shares of Common

 

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Stock into a greater number of shares; or (C) combines the outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then the share components in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that the Holder of a Purchase Contract forming a part of a Unit thereafter settled may receive the number of shares of Common Stock which such Holder would have owned immediately following such action if such Holder had settled the Purchase Contract immediately prior to such action.

 

The adjustment shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend, distribution or subdivision and immediately after the effective date in the case of a combination.

 

(2) Adjustment for Rights Issue. If, after the date of this Agreement, the Company distributes any rights, options or warrants, other than pursuant to any dividend reinvestment, share purchase or similar plans, to all holders of the Company’s Common Stock entitling them to purchase or subscribe for, for a period expiring within 60 days, shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the Current Market Price as of the Time of Determination (except that no adjustment will be made if Holders of the Units may participate in the distribution on a basis and with the notice that the Company’s Board of Directors determines to be fair and appropriate), the share components shall be adjusted by multiplying them by a fraction:

 

    the numerator of which is the sum of (a) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the record date fixed for the applicable distribution plus (b) the total number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and

 

    the denominator of which is the sum of (a) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the record date fixed for the distribution plus (b) the total number of shares of Common Stock that the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares offered for subscription or purchase would purchase at the Current Market Price.

 

The adjustment shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive the rights, warrants or options to which this Section 5.06(a)(2) applies. To the extent that such rights or warrants are not exercised prior to their expiration (and as a result no additional shares of common stock are delivered or issued pursuant to such rights or warrants), the share components shall be readjusted to the share components that would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of delivery or issuance of only the number of shares of Common Stock actually delivered or issued.

 

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(3) Adjustments for Other Distributions. If, after the date of this Agreement, the Company dividends or distributes to all or substantially all holders of its Common Stock any of its debt, Capital Stock, securities or assets or any rights, warrants or options to purchase securities of the Company (including securities or cash, but excluding (x) distributions of Common Stock referred to in Section 5.06(a)(1)(A) and distributions of rights, warrants or options referred to in Section 5.06(a)(2) and (y) dividends or distributions that are paid exclusively in cash referred to in Section 5.06(a)(4)) the share components shall be adjusted, subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of this Section 5.06(a)(3), by multiplying them by a fraction:

 

    the numerator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock, and

 

    the denominator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock minus the fair market value of the portion of those assets distributed in respect of each share of Common Stock.

 

In the event the Company distributes shares of Capital Stock of a subsidiary, the share components will be adjusted, if at all, based on the market value of the subsidiary stock so distributed relative to the market value of the Common Stock, as discussed below. The Board of Directors shall determine fair market values for the purposes of this Section 5.06(a)(3), except that in respect of a dividend or other distribution of shares of Capital Stock of any class or series, or similar equity interests, of or relating to a subsidiary or other business unit of the Company (a “Spin-off”), the fair market value of the securities to be distributed shall equal the average of the daily Closing Prices of those securities for the five consecutive Trading Days commencing on and including the sixth day of trading of those securities after the effectiveness of the Spin-off. In the event, however, that an underwritten initial public offering of the securities in the Spin-off occurs simultaneously with the Spin-off, fair market value of the securities distributed in the Spin-off shall mean the initial public offering price of such securities and the Current Market Price shall mean the Closing Price for the Common Stock on the same Trading Day.

 

The adjustment shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive the distribution to which this Section 5.06(a)(3) applies, except that an adjustment related to a Spin-off shall become effective at the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after the effective date of the Spin-off and (ii) the initial public offering of the securities distributed in the Spin-off.

 

(4) Cash Distributions. In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, pay regular quarterly, semi-annual or annual cash dividends or make any other distributions consisting exclusively of cash to all holders of its Common Stock, excluding any regular cash dividend or distribution on the

 

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Common Stock to the extent that the aggregate cash dividend or distribution per share of Common Stock in any quarter does not exceed $.09 (the “Dividend Threshold Amount”) (the Dividend Threshold Amount is subject to adjustment on the same basis as the Daily Amounts for any adjustment made pursuant to Section 5.06(a)(1)), then the share components will be adjusted as follows:

 

In the event of a regular dividend to which this Section 5.06(4) applies, the share components will be adjusted by multiplying them by a fraction,

 

    the numerator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock, and

 

    the denominator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock, minus the excess, if any, of the amount per share of such dividend or distribution over the Dividend Threshold Amount.

 

In the event of a cash dividend or distribution that is not a regular dividend, the share components will be adjusted by multiplying them by a fraction,

 

    the numerator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock, and

 

    the denominator of which is the Current Market Price of Common Stock minus the amount per share of such dividend or distribution.

 

In either case, the adjustment shall be made on the date fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, to be effective at the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution. In the event that any such dividend or distribution is not so paid or made, the share components shall again be adjusted to be the share components that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

 

(5) Adjustment for Company Tender Offer. If, after the date of this Agreement, the Company or any subsidiary of the Company pays holders of the Common Stock in respect of a tender or exchange offer, other than an odd-lot offer, by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for Common Stock to the extent that the offer involves aggregate consideration that, together with (i) any cash and the fair market value of any other consideration payable in respect of any tender offer by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for shares of Common Stock consummated within the preceding 12 months not triggering a Settlement Rate adjustment and (ii) all-cash distributions to all or substantially all holders of Common Stock made within the preceding 12 months (other than regular quarterly, semi-annual or annual cash dividends), exceeds an amount equal to 10% of the aggregate market capitalization of the Common Stock on the

 

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expiration date of the tender offer, the share components will be adjusted by multiplying them by a fraction,

 

    the numerator of which is the sum of (a) the fair market value, as determined by the Board of Directors, of the aggregate consideration payable based upon the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of all shares of Common Stock validly tendered or exchanged and not withdrawn as of the last time tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (the “Expiration Time”) (the shares deemed so accepted, up to any such maximum, being referred to as the “Purchased Shares”) and (b) the product of (i) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (less any Purchased Shares) at the Expiration Time and (ii) the closing price of Common Stock on the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time, and

 

    the denominator of which will be the product of (a) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding, including any Purchased Shares, at the Expiration Time and (b) the closing price of Common Stock on the Trading Day next succeeding the Expiration Time.

 

(6) Calculation of Adjustments. All adjustments to the Settlement Rate shall be calculated by the Company to the nearest 1/10,000th of one share of Common Stock (or if there is not a nearest 1/10,000th of a share, to the next lower 1/10,000th of a share). No adjustment to the Settlement Rate shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or a decrease of at least one percent; provided that any adjustments not made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment and notwithstanding whether or not such one percent threshold shall have been met, all such adjustments shall be made on the Stock Purchase Date. If an adjustment is made to the Settlement Rate pursuant to paragraph (1) through (5) or (7) of this Section 5.06(a), an adjustment shall also be made to the Closing Price for the Company’s Common Stock solely to determine which of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) of the definition of Settlement Rate in Section 5.01(a) will apply on each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008. Such adjustment shall be made by multiplying the Closing Price for the Company’s Common Stock by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the Settlement Rate immediately after such adjustment pursuant to paragraph (1) through (5) or (7) of this Section 5.06(a) and the denominator of which shall be the Settlement Rate immediately before such adjustment; provided that if such adjustment to the Settlement Rate is required to be made pursuant to the occurrence of any of the events contemplated by paragraph (1) through (5) or (7) of this Section 5.06(a) during the period taken into consideration for determining the Daily Amounts, appropriate and customary adjustments shall be made to the Settlement Rate.

 

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(7) When No Adjustment Required. No adjustment of the Daily Amounts used in determining the Settlement Rate, and the number of shares to be delivered on Early Settlement need be made as a result of: (i) the issuance of the rights; (ii) the distribution of separate certificates representing the rights; (iii) the exercise or redemption of the rights in accordance with any rights agreement; or (iv) the termination or invalidation of the rights, in each case, pursuant to the Company’s stockholders rights plan existing on the date of this Agreement, as amended, modified, or supplemented from time to time, or any newly adopted stockholders rights plans; provided, however, that to the extent that the Company has a stockholder rights plan in effect upon settlement of a Purchase Contract (including the Company’s rights plan existing on the date of this Agreement), the Holder shall receive, in addition to the shares of Common Stock, the rights under such rights plan, unless, prior to any settlement of a Purchase Contract, the rights have separated from the Common Stock, in which case the Settlement Rate will be adjusted at the time of separation as if the Company made a distribution to all holders of Common Stock as described in clause (3) above, subject to readjustment in the event of the expiration, termination or redemption of the rights. In addition, no adjustment to the Daily Amounts used in determining the Settlement Rate need be made:

 

(A) upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of the Company and the investment of additional optional amounts in Common Stock under any plan;

 

(B) upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock or options or rights to purchase those shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or consultant benefit plan or program of or assumed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or

 

(C) upon the issuance of any shares of Common Stock pursuant to any option, warrant, right, or exercisable, exchangeable or convertible security outstanding as of the date the Units were first issued.

 

No adjustment to the Settlement Rate need be made for a transaction referred to in 5.06(a)(2) or 5.06(a)(3) if Holders of the Units may participate in the transaction on a basis and with notice that the Board of Directors determines to be fair and appropriate in light of the basis and notice on which holders of Common Stock participate in the transaction. No adjustment to the Settlement Rate need be made for a change in the par value or no par value of the Common Stock.

 

(8) Use of Terms. “Time of Determination” means the time and date of the earlier of (i) the determination of stockholders entitled to receive rights, warrants or options or a distribution in each case, to which Section 5.06(a)(2) or Section 5.06(a)(3) applies and (ii) the time (“Ex-Dividend Time”) immediately prior to the commencement of “ex-dividend” trading for such rights, warrants or

 

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options or distribution on the NYSE or such other U.S. national or regional exchange or market on which the Common Stock are then listed or quoted.

 

“Current Market Price” per share of Common Stock on any day means the average of the Closing Price per share of Common Stock on each of the 20 consecutive Trading Days ending on the earlier of the day in question and the day before the “ex date” with respect to the issuance or distribution requiring such computation. For purposes of this paragraph, the term “ex date,” when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, means the first date on which the shares of Common Stock trade without the right to receive the issuance or distribution.

 

(9) Adjustments During Settlement Period. (a) If an event requiring an adjustment occurs on any day during the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008, the Daily Amount calculated for each trading day in this period before the event requiring an adjustment occurs will be adjusted in the same manner as the adjustment to the share components for each trading day in this period on or after the event requiring an adjustment occurs pursuant to the procedures described above.

 

(b) Adjustment for Consolidation, Merger or Other Reorganization Event. In the event of

 

(1) any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into another Person (other than a merger or consolidation in which the Company is the continuing corporation and in which the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger or consolidation are not exchanged for cash, securities other property of the Company or another corporation),

 

(2) any sale, transfer, lease or conveyance to another Person of the property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety,

 

(3) any statutory exchange of securities of the Company with another Person (other than in connection with a merger or acquisition) or any binding share exchange which reclassifies or changes its outstanding Common Stock, or

 

(4) any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company other than as a result of or after the occurrence of a Termination Event (any such event, a “Reorganization Event”),

 

each share of Common Stock covered by each Purchase Contract forming part of a Unit immediately prior to such Reorganization Event shall, after such Reorganization Event, be converted for purposes of the Purchase Contract into the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable in such Reorganization Event (without any interest thereon, and without any right to dividends or distribution thereon which have a

 

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record date that is prior to the Stock Purchase Date) per share of Common Stock by a holder of Common Stock that (i) is not a Person with which the Company consolidated or into which the Company merged or which merged into the Company or to which such sale or transfer was made, as the case may be (any such Person, a “Constituent Person”), or an Affiliate of a Constituent Person to the extent such Reorganization Event provides for different treatment of Common Stock held by Affiliates of the Company and non-Affiliates, and (ii) failed to exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event (provided that if the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event is not the same for each share of Common Stock held immediately prior to such Reorganization Event by a Person other than a Constituent Person or an Affiliate thereof and in respect of which such rights of election shall not have been exercised (“Non-electing Share”), then for the purpose of this Section the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event by each Non-electing Share shall be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share of Common Stock by a plurality of the Non-electing Shares). On the Stock Purchase Date, the Settlement Rate then in effect will be applied to the value on the Stock Purchase Date of such securities, cash or other property.

 

In the event of such a Reorganization Event, the Person formed by such consolidation, merger or exchange or the Person which acquires the assets of the Company or, in the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Company or a liquidating trust created in connection therewith, shall execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent an agreement supplemental hereto providing that the Holder of each Outstanding Unit shall have the rights provided by this Section 5.06. Such supplemental agreement shall provide for adjustments which, for events subsequent to the effective date of such supplemental agreement, shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section. The above provisions of this Section shall similarly apply to successive Reorganization Events.

 

(c) Successive Adjustments. After an adjustment to the Settlement Rate under this Section 5.06, any subsequent event requiring an adjustment under this Section 5.06 shall cause an adjustment to the Settlement Rate as so adjusted.

 

(d) Multiple Adjustments. For the avoidance of doubt, if an event occurs that would trigger an adjustment to the Settlement Rate pursuant to this Section 5.06 under more than one subsection hereof, such event, to the extent fully taken into account in a single adjustment, shall not result in multiple adjustments hereunder.

 

SECTION 5.07. Notice of Adjustments and Certain Other Events. (a) Whenever the Settlement Rate is adjusted as herein provided, the Company shall as soon as practicable following the occurrence of an event that requires or permits the Settlement Rate to be adjusted, (i) provide written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent of the occurrence of that event and (ii) compute the Settlement Rate and the Daily Amount in accordance with Section 5.06 and prepare and transmit to the Purchase Contract Agent an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the Settlement Rate and the Daily

 

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Amount, as the case may be, the method of calculation thereof in reasonable detail, and the facts requiring such adjustment and upon which such adjustment is based.

 

(b) The Purchase Contract Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder of Units to determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment of the Settlement Rate and the Daily Amount, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed in making the same. The Purchase Contract Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any Common Stock, or of any securities or property, which may at the time be issued or delivered with respect to any Purchase Contract, and the Purchase Contract Agent makes no representation with respect thereto. The Purchase Contract Agent shall not be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any Common Stock pursuant to a Purchase Contract or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Company contained in this Article.

 

SECTION 5.08. Termination Event; Notice. The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of Holders to receive Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments and obligations of Holders to purchase Common Stock, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or action by any Holder, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Normal Units shall thereafter represent the right to receive the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, forming a part of such Normal Units, and the Stripped Units shall thereafter represent the right to receive the Treasury Securities forming a part of such Stripped Units, in each case in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.03 of the Pledge Agreement. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two Business Days thereafter give written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Register.

 

SECTION 5.09. Early Settlement. (a) Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this Section 5.09, Purchase Contracts underlying Units having an aggregate Stated Amount equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof may, at the option of the Holder thereof, be settled early (“Early Settlement”) on or prior to 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date. Holders of Stripped Units may only effect Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts in integral multiples of 40 Stripped Units, and if Treasury Consideration has been substituted for the Notes as a component in the Normal Units due to the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption, Purchase Contracts underlying such Normal Units may only be settled early in integral multiples of Normal Units such that the Treasury Consideration to be deposited and the Treasury Consideration to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000. In order to exercise the right to effect Early Settlement with respect to any Purchase Contracts, the Holder of the Certificate evidencing the related Units shall deliver such Certificate to the Purchase Contract Agent at the Corporate Trust Office duly endorsed for transfer to the Company or in blank with

 

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the form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse thereof duly completed and accompanied by payment payable to the Company in immediately available funds in an amount (the “Early Settlement Amount” equal to (A) the product of (i) the Purchase Price multiplied by (ii) the number of Purchase Contracts with respect to which the Holder has elected to effect Early Settlement, plus (B) if such delivery is made with respect to any Purchase Contracts during the period from the close of business on any Record Date next preceding any Payment Date to the opening of business on such Payment Date, an amount equal to the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, payable on such Payment Date with respect to such Purchase Contracts; provided that no payment shall be required pursuant to clause (B) of this sentence if the Company shall have elected to defer the Contract Adjustment Payments which would otherwise be payable on such Payment Date. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence and subject to Section 5.02(d), no payment or adjustment shall be made upon Early Settlement of any Purchase Contract on any Contract Adjustment Payments accrued on such Purchase Contract or on account of any dividends on the Common Stock issued upon such Early Settlement. If the foregoing requirements are first satisfied with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying any Unit at or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, such day shall be the “Early Settlement Date” with respect to such Unit and if such requirements are first satisfied after 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day or on a day that is not a Business Day, the “Early Settlement Date” with respect to such Units shall be the next succeeding Business Day.

 

(b) No later than the third Business Day after an Early Settlement of any Purchase Contract by the Holder of the related Units, the Company shall issue, and the Holder shall be entitled to receive,            shares of Common Stock on account of such Purchase Contract (the “Early Settlement Rate”). The Early Settlement Rate shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Settlement Rate is adjusted pursuant to Section 5.06. As promptly as practicable after Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.09, the Company shall issue and shall deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent at the Corporate Trust Office a certificate or certificates for the full number of Common Stock issuable upon such Early Settlement together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 5.12.

 

(c) No later than the third Business Day after the applicable Early Settlement Date the Company shall cause (i) the Common Stock issuable upon Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts to be issued and delivered, and (ii) the related Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, in the case of Normal Units, or the related Pledged Treasury Securities, in the case of Stripped Units, to be released from the Pledge by the Collateral Agent and transferred, in each case, to the Purchase Contract Agent for delivery to the Holder thereof or the Holder’s designee.

 

(d) Upon Early Settlement of any Purchase Contracts, and subject to receipt of Common Stock from the Company and the Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, from the Collateral Agent, as applicable, the Purchase Contract Agent shall, in accordance with the instructions provided by the Holder thereof on the applicable form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse of the Certificate evidencing the related Units, (i) transfer to the

 

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Holder the Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, forming a part of such Units, and (ii) deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates for the full number of Common Stock issuable upon such Early Settlement together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 5.12.

 

(e) In the event that Early Settlement is effected with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying less than all the Units evidenced by a Certificate, upon such Early Settlement the Company shall execute and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate and execute on behalf of the Holder and deliver to the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a Certificate evidencing the Units as to which Early Settlement was not effected.

 

(f) No Early Settlement will be permitted under this Section 5.09 unless, at the time of delivery of the Election to Settle Early form or the time the Early Settlement is effected, there is an effective shelf or other registration statement with respect to the Common Stock to be issued and delivered in connection with such Early Settlement (unless the Company has been advised by counsel that no such registration statement is required under the Securities Act and that no prospectus is required to be delivered in connection therewith). In addition, the Company may suspend the use of any such prospectus up to four times in any 360-day period not to exceed 90 days in any such 360-day period if (i) any such prospectus would, in the Company’s judgment, contain a material misstatement or omission as a result of an event that has occurred and is continuing or as a result of any proposed or pending material business transaction, event or announcement; and (ii) the Company reasonably determines that the disclosure of such material non-public information could have a material adverse effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or could impede the consummation of any proposed or pending material business transaction.

 

SECTION 5.10. Early Settlement upon Cash Merger. (a) Prior to the Stock Purchase Date, in the event of a merger or consolidation of the Company of the type described in clause (1) of Section 5.06(b) in which the Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation are exchanged for consideration consisting of at least 30% cash or cash equivalents (any such event a “Cash Merger”), then the Company (or the successor to the Company hereunder) shall be required to offer the Holder of each Unit the right to settle the Purchase Contract underlying such Unit prior to the Stock Purchase Date (“Merger Early Settlement”) as provided herein. On or before the fifth Business Day after the consummation of a Cash Merger, the Company or, at the request and expense of the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, shall give all Holders notice of the occurrence of the Cash Merger and of the right of Merger Early Settlement arising as a result thereof. For purposes of calculating the Settlement Rate in effect as a result of such Cash Merger, the Daily Amounts will be calculated on each of the 20 consecutive trading days ending on the fifth trading day immediately preceding date of the cash merger. The Company also shall deliver a copy of such notice to the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent.

 

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Each such notice shall contain:

 

(i) the date, which shall be not less than 20 or more than 30 calendar days after the date of such notice, on which the Merger Early Settlement will be effected (the “Merger Early Settlement Date”);

 

(ii) the date, which shall be on or one Business Day prior to the Merger Early Settlement Date, by which the Merger Early Settlement right must be exercised;

 

(iii) the Settlement Rate in effect as a result of such Cash Merger and the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable by the Holder upon settlement of each Purchase Contract pursuant to Section 5.06(b);

 

(iv) a statement to the effect that all or a portion of the Purchase Price payable by the Holder to settle the Purchase Contract will be offset against the amount of cash so receivable upon exercise of Merger Early Settlement, as applicable; and

 

(v) the instructions a Holder must follow to exercise the Merger Early Settlement right.

 

(b) To exercise a Merger Early Settlement right, a Holder shall deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent at the Corporate Trust Office on or before 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the date specified in the notice the Certificate(s) evidencing the Units, if the Units are held in certificated form, with respect to which the Merger Early Settlement right is being exercised duly endorsed for transfer to the Company or in blank with the form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse thereof duly completed and accompanied by payment payable to the Company in immediately available funds in an amount equal to the Early Settlement Amount less the amount of cash that otherwise would be deliverable by the Company or its successor upon settlement of the Purchase Contract in lieu of Common Stock pursuant to Section 5.06(b) and as described in the notice to Holders (the “Merger Early Settlement Amount”).

 

(c) On the Merger Early Settlement Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered (i) the net cash, securities and other property to be received by such exercising Holder, equal to the Settlement Rate, as adjusted pursuant to Section 5.06, in respect of the number of Purchase Contracts for which such Merger Early Settlement right was exercised, and (ii) the related Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, in the case of Normal Units, or Pledged Treasury Securities, in the case of Stripped Units, to be released from the Pledge by the Collateral Agent and transferred, in each case, to the Corporate Trust Office for delivery to the Holder thereof or its designee. In the event a Merger Early Settlement right shall be exercised by a Holder in accordance with the terms hereof, all references herein to Stock Purchase Date shall be deemed to refer to such Merger Early Settlement Date. If a Holder effects a Merger Early Settlement of some or all of its Purchase Contracts, such Holder shall be entitled to receive, on the Merger Early Settlement Date, the aggregate amount of any Deferred

 

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Contract Adjustment Payments and any accumulated and unpaid Contract Adjustment Payments since the immediately preceding Payment Date with respect to such Purchase Contracts. The Company shall pay such amount as a credit against the amount otherwise payable by the Holders to effect such Specified Merger Early Settlement and in any remainder in the form of a cash payment.

 

(d) Upon Merger Early Settlement of any Purchase Contracts, and subject to receipt of such net cash, securities or other property from the Company and the Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, from the Collateral Agent, as applicable, the Purchase Contract Agent shall, in accordance with the instructions provided by the Holder thereof on the applicable form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse of the Certificate evidencing the related Units, (i) transfer to the Holder the Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, forming a part of such Units, and (ii) deliver to the Holder such net cash, securities or other property issuable upon such Merger Early Settlement together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 5.12.

 

(e) In the event that Merger Early Settlement is effected with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying less than all the Units evidenced by a Certificate, upon such Merger Early Settlement the Company (or the successor to the Company hereunder) shall execute and the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder and deliver to the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a Certificate evidencing the Units as to which Merger Early Settlement was not effected.

 

SECTION 5.11. Charges and Taxes. The Company will pay, or cause one of its subsidiaries to pay, all stock transfer, stamp and similar taxes or duties attributable to the initial issuance and delivery of the Common Stock pursuant to the Purchase Contracts and in payment of any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any such tax or taxes which may be payable in respect of any exchange of or substitution for a Certificate evidencing a Unit or any issuance of a share of Common Stock in a name other than that of the registered Holder of a Certificate surrendered in respect of the Units evidenced thereby, other than in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent, as custodian for such Holder, and the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver such Certificate or share of Common Stock unless and until the Person or Persons requesting the transfer or issuance thereof shall have paid to the Company the amount of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax has been paid.

 

SECTION 5.12. No Fractional Shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional Common Stock shall be issued or delivered upon settlement or payment of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Stock Purchase Date or upon Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement of any Purchase Contracts. If Certificates evidencing more than one Purchase Contract shall be surrendered for settlement at one time by the same Holder, the number of full Common Stock which shall be delivered upon settlement (and as a result of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments) shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate number of Purchase Contracts evidenced by the Certificates so surrendered. Instead of any fractional share of Common Stock which

 

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would otherwise be deliverable upon such settlement or payment, the Company, through the Purchase Contract Agent, shall make a cash payment in respect of such fractional shares in an amount equal to the fraction of a share of Common Stock, based on the Closing Price of the Common Stock on the trading day immediately preceding the stock purchase date. The Company shall provide the Purchase Contract Agent with sufficient funds to permit the Purchase Contract Agent to make all cash payments required by this Section 5.12 in a timely manner.

 

ARTICLE VI

 

Remedies

 

SECTION 6.01. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Purchase Contract Adjustment Payments and Purchase Common Stock. The Holder of any Unit shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional,

 

(a) subject to the right of the Company to defer payment thereof pursuant to Section 5.03, and to the forfeiture of any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments upon Early Settlement pursuant to Section 5.09 or upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, to receive payment of each installment of the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, with respect to the Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Unit on the respective Payment Date for such Unit, and to institute suit for the enforcement of such right to receive Contract Adjustment Payments, and

 

(b) to purchase Common Stock pursuant to the Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Unit and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such right to purchase Common Stock, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

 

SECTION 6.02. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Agreement and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company and such Holder shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of such Holder shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

 

SECTION 6.03. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificates in Section 3.10(f), no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

 

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SECTION 6.04. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of any Holder to exercise any right or remedy upon a default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such right. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by such Holders.

 

SECTION 6.05. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Agreement agree, and each Holder of a Unit, by its acceptance of such Unit shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Agreement, or in any suit against the Purchase Contract Agent for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Purchase Contract Agent, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; provided that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Purchase Contract Agent, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the Outstanding Units, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of distributions on any Notes or Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, on any Purchase Contract on or after the respective Payment Date therefor in respect of any Unit held by such Holder, or for enforcement of the right to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contract constituting part of any Unit held by such Holder.

 

SECTION 6.06. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Agreement; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

The Purchase Contract Agent

 

SECTION 7.01. Certain Duties and Responsibilities. (a) The Purchase Contract Agent shall act as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Holders of the Normal Units and Stripped Units hereunder with such powers as are specifically vested in the Purchase Contract Agent by the terms of this Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the Remarketing Agreement, the Notes, the Normal Units and Stripped Units, and any documents evidencing them or related thereto, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The Purchase Contract Agent:

 

(1) undertakes to perform, with respect to the Units and Separate Notes, such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Agreement

 

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and the Pledge Agreement, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Purchase Contract Agent; and

 

(2) in the absence of bad faith, willful misconduct or negligence on its part, the Purchase Contract Agent may, with respect to the Units and Separate Notes, conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Purchase Contract Agent reasonably believed by the Purchase Contract Agent to be genuine and correct and conforming to the requirements of this Agreement, but in the case of any certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Agreement (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of the mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

 

(b) No provision of this Agreement shall be construed to relieve the Purchase Contract Agent from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, its own bad faith or its own willful misconduct, except that:

 

(1) this paragraph (b) shall not be construed to limit the effect of paragraph (a) of this Section;

 

(2) the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the Purchase Contract Agent was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

 

(3) no provision of this Agreement shall require the Purchase Contract Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers.

 

(c) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Agreement relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Purchase Contract Agent shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.

 

(d) The Purchase Contract Agent is authorized to execute and deliver the Pledge Agreement in its capacity as Purchase Contract Agent.

 

SECTION 7.02. Notice Of Default. Within 30 days after the occurrence of any default by the Company hereunder or under a Purchase Contract of which a Responsible Officer of the Purchase Contract Agent has actual knowledge, the Purchase Contract Agent shall transmit by mail to the Company and the Holders of Units, as their names and addresses appear in the applicable Register, notice of such default hereunder, unless such default shall have been cured or waived.

 

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SECTION 7.03. Certain Rights of Purchase Contract Agent. Subject to the provisions of Section 7.01:

 

(a) the Purchase Contract Agent may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

 

(b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officers’ Certificate, Issuer Order or Issuer Request, and any resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

 

(c) whenever in the administration of this Agreement the Purchase Contract Agent shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Purchase Contract Agent (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers’ Certificate of the Company;

 

(d) the Purchase Contract Agent may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Purchase Contract Agent, in its discretion, may make reasonable further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters related to the execution, delivery and performance of the Purchase Contracts as it may see fit, and, if the Purchase Contract Agent shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be given a reasonable opportunity to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney;

 

(e) the Purchase Contract Agent may execute any of the powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys or an Affiliate of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney or an affiliate of the Purchase Contract Agent appointed with due care hereunder;

 

(f) the Purchase Contract Agent shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Agreement solely at the request or

 

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direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Agreement, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Purchase Contract Agent security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Purchase Contract Agent against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;

 

(g) the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be deemed to have notice of any default unless a Responsible Officer of the Purchase Contract Agent has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Purchase Contract Agent at the Corporate Trust Office of the Purchase Contract Agent, and such notice references the Units and this Agreement and states that it is a notice of default; and

 

(h) the Purchase Contract Agent may request that the Company deliver an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Agreement, which Officers’ Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officers’ Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such Certificate previously delivered and not superseded.

 

SECTION 7.04. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Units. The recitals contained herein, in the related documents and in the Certificates shall be taken as the statements of the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent assumes no responsibility for their accuracy. The Purchase Contract Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of either this Agreement or of the Units, or of the Pledge Agreement or the Pledge. The Purchase Contract Agent shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of the Units or the proceeds therefrom or in respect of the Purchase Contracts.

 

SECTION 7.05. May Hold Units. Any Registrar or any other agent of the Company, or the Purchase Contract Agent and its Affiliates, in their individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Units and may otherwise deal with the Company, the Collateral Agent or any other Person with the same rights it would have if it were not Registrar or such other agent, or the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

SECTION 7.06. Money Held in Custody. Money held by the Purchase Contract Agent in custody hereunder need not be segregated from the Purchase Contract Agent’s other funds except to the extent required by law or provided herein. The Purchase Contract Agent shall be under no obligation to invest or pay interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

 

SECTION 7.07. Compensation and Reimbursement. The Company agrees:

 

(a) to pay to the Purchase Contract Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder;

 

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(b) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Purchase Contract Agent upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with any provision of this Agreement (including the reasonable compensation and the reasonable expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith; and

 

(c) to indemnify the Purchase Contract Agent and any predecessor Purchase Contract Agent, their officers, directors, employees and agents for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without gross negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. The Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly notify the Company of any third-party claim which may give rise to the indemnity hereunder and give the Company the opportunity to control the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and no such claim shall be settled without the written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

 

For purposes of this Section 7.07, “Purchase Contract Agent” shall include any predecessor Purchase Contract Agent, provided that the negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of any Purchase Contract Agent hereunder shall not affect the rights of any other Purchase Contract Agent hereunder.

 

The provisions of this Section 7.07 shall survive the termination of this Agreement, the satisfaction or discharge of the Units and/or the Separate Notes and/or the resignation or removal of the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

The Company will also pay all fees and expenses relating to the enforcement by the Purchase Contract Agent of the rights of the Holders of the Purchase Contracts and the retention of the Collateral Agent.

 

In no event shall the Purchase Contract Agent be liable for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including, but not limited to, lost profits, even if the Purchase Contract Agent has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

In no event shall the Purchase Contract Agent be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of services contemplated by this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 7.08. Corporate Purchase Contract Agent Required; Eligibility. There shall at all times be a Purchase Contract Agent hereunder which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having (or being a member of a bank holding company having) a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and having a Corporate Trust Office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, if there be such a corporation, qualified and eligible under this Article and willing to act on reasonable terms. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Purchase Contract Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

 

SECTION 7.09. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of the Purchase Contract Agent and no appointment of a successor Purchase Contract Agent pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 7.10.

 

(b) The Purchase Contract Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Company 60 days prior to the effective date of such resignation. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Purchase Contract Agent required by Section 7.10 shall not have been delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Purchase Contract Agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Purchase Contract Agent.

 

(c) The Purchase Contract Agent may be removed at any time by Act of the Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Units delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company.

 

(d) If at any time:

 

(1) the Purchase Contract Agent fails to comply with Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, as if the Purchase Contract Agent were an indenture trustee under an indenture qualified under the Trust Indenture Act, after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Unit for at least six months; or

 

(2) the Purchase Contract Agent shall cease to be eligible under Section 7.08 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Holder; or

 

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(3) the Purchase Contract Agent shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Purchase Contract Agent or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Purchase Contract Agent or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; then, in any such case, (x) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Purchase Contract Agent, or (y) any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Unit for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Purchase Contract Agent and the appointment of a successor Purchase Contract Agent.

 

(e) If the Purchase Contract Agent shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Purchase Contract Agent for any reason, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Purchase Contract Agent and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 7.10. If no successor Purchase Contract Agent shall have been so appointed by the Company and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 7.10, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Unit for at least six months may, on behalf of itself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Purchase Contract Agent.

 

(f) The Company shall give, or shall cause such successor Purchase Contract Agent to give, notice of each resignation and each removal of the Purchase Contract Agent and each appointment of a successor Purchase Contract Agent by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders as their names and addresses appear in the applicable Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Purchase Contract Agent and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

 

SECTION 7.10. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Purchase Contract Agent, every such successor Purchase Contract Agent so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Purchase Contract Agent an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Purchase Contract Agent shall become effective and such successor Purchase Contract Agent, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, agencies and duties of the retiring Purchase Contract Agent. On the request of the Company or the successor Purchase Contract Agent, such retiring Purchase Contract Agent shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Purchase Contract Agent all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Purchase Contract Agent and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Purchase Contract Agent all property and money held by such retiring Purchase Contract Agent hereunder.

 

(b) Upon request of any such successor Purchase Contract Agent, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in

 

70


and confirming to such successor Purchase Contract Agent all such rights, powers and agencies referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section.

 

No successor Purchase Contract Agent shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Purchase Contract Agent shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.

 

SECTION 7.11. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any Person into which the Purchase Contract Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any Person resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Purchase Contract Agent shall be a party, or any Person succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Purchase Contract Agent, shall be the successor of the Purchase Contract Agent hereunder, provided such Person shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Certificates shall have been authenticated and executed on behalf of the Holders, but not delivered, by the Purchase Contract Agent then in office, any successor to such Purchase Contract Agent shall adopt such authentication and execution and deliver the Certificates so authenticated and executed with the same effect as if such successor Purchase Contract Agent had itself authenticated and executed such Units.

 

SECTION 7.12. Preservation of Information. The Purchase Contract Agent shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders received by the Purchase Contract Agent in its capacity as Registrar.

 

SECTION 7.13. No Obligations of Purchase Contract Agent. Except to the extent otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent assumes no obligation and shall not be subject to any liability under this Agreement, the Pledge Agreement or any Purchase Contract in respect of the obligations of the Holder of any Unit thereunder. The Company agrees, and each Holder of a Certificate, by such Holder’s acceptance thereof, shall be deemed to have agreed, that the Purchase Contract Agent’s execution of the Certificates on behalf of the Holders shall be solely as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Holders, and that the Purchase Contract Agent shall have no obligation to perform such Purchase Contracts on behalf of the Holders, except to the extent expressly provided in Article V.

 

SECTION 7.14. Tax Compliance. (a) The Purchase Contract Agent, on its own behalf and on behalf of the Company, will comply with all applicable certification, information reporting and withholding (including “backup” withholding) requirements imposed by applicable tax laws, regulations or administrative practice with respect to (i) any payments made with respect to the Units or (ii) the issuance, delivery, holding, transfer, redemption or exercise of rights under the Units. Such compliance shall include, without limitation, the preparation and timely filing of required returns and the timely payment of all amounts required to be withheld to the appropriate taxing authority or its designated agent. For purposes of United States backup withholding tax and information reporting requirements, each Holder will provide the Purchase Contract

 

71


Agent with an executed copy of Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 (for United States persons) or Form W-8 (for non-United States persons) or any successor forms.

 

(b) The Purchase Contract Agent shall comply with any reasonable written direction timely received from the Company with respect to the execution or certification of any required documentation and the application of such requirements to particular payments or Holders or in other particular circumstances, and may for purposes of this Agreement conclusively rely on any such direction in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.01(a)(2).

 

(c) The Purchase Contract Agent shall maintain all appropriate records documenting compliance with such requirements, and shall make such records available, on written request, to the Company or its authorized representative within a reasonable period of time after receipt of such request.

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

Supplemental Agreements

 

SECTION 8.01. Supplemental Agreements Without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more agreements supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, for any of the following purposes:

 

(a) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Certificates;

 

(b) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company so long as such covenants or such surrender shall not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created under the Pledge Agreement;

 

(c) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Purchase Contract Agent;

 

(d) to make provision with respect to the rights of Holders pursuant to the requirements of Section 5.06(b) or 5.10; or

 

(e) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions herein which may be inconsistent with any other provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions arising under this Agreement, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders.

 

SECTION 8.02. Supplemental Agreements With Consent of Holders. (a) With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Units

 

72


voting together as one class, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent may enter into an agreement or agreements supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, for the purpose of modifying in any manner the terms of the Purchase Contracts, or the provisions of this Agreement or the rights of the Holders in respect of the Units, provided that, except as contemplated herein, no such supplemental agreement shall, as to any Holder affected thereby, without the consent of such Holder:

 

(1) change any Payment Date;

 

(2) change the amount or the type of Collateral required to be Pledged to secure a Holder’s obligations under the Purchase Contracts (except for the rights of Holders of Normal Units to substitute the Treasury Securities for the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, or the rights of holders of Stripped Units to substitute Notes or Treasury Consideration, as applicable, for the Pledged Treasury Securities), impair the right of the Holder of any Purchase Contract or Unit to receive distributions on the related Collateral or otherwise materially adversely affect the Holder’s rights in or to such Collateral;

 

(3) reduce any Contract Adjustment Payments or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payment, or change the place or currency in which, any Contract Adjustment Payment or other payment under this Agreement is payable or increase any amounts payable by the Holders in respect of the Units or decrease any other amounts receivable by Holders in respect of the Units;

 

(4) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any Purchase Contract, any Contract Adjustment Payment, if any, or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payment, if any;

 

(5) reduce the number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased pursuant to any Purchase Contract, increase the price to purchase shares of Common Stock upon settlement of any Purchase Contract, change the Stock Purchase Date or otherwise materially adversely affect the Holder’s rights under any Purchase Contract; or

 

(6) reduce the percentage of the outstanding Purchase Contracts the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental agreement;

 

provided that if any amendment or proposal referred to above would adversely affect only the Normal Units or the Stripped Units, then only the affected class of Holder as of the record date for the Holders entitled to vote thereon will be entitled to vote on or consent to such amendment or proposal; provided, however, that no such agreement, whether with or without the consent of Holders, shall affect Section 3.16.

 

(b) It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental agreement, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

 

73


SECTION 8.03. Execution of Supplemental Agreements. In executing, or accepting the additional agencies created by, any supplemental agreement permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the agencies created by this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 7.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental agreement is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and that all conditions precedent to the execution of such supplemental agreement have been satisfied. The Purchase Contract Agent shall enter into any such supplemental agreement which does not materially adversely affect the Purchase Contract Agent’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement or otherwise.

 

SECTION 8.04. Effect of Supplemental Agreements. Upon the execution of any supplemental agreement under this Article, this Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental agreement shall form a part of this Agreement for all purposes; and every Holder of Certificates theretofore or thereafter authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

 

SECTION 8.05. Reference to Supplemental Agreements. Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered after the execution of any supplemental agreement pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Purchase Contract Agent, bear a notation in form approved by the Purchase Contract Agent as to any matter provided for in such supplemental agreement. If the Company shall so determine, new Certificates so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company, to any such supplemental agreement may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered by the Purchase Contract Agent in exchange for Outstanding Certificates.

 

ARTICLE IX

 

Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance

 

SECTION 9.01. Covenant Not to Merge, Consolidate, Sell or Convey Property Except under Certain Conditions. The Company covenants that, so long as any Units are outstanding, it will not (a) merge or amalgamate with or into or consolidate with any other Person or (b) transfer, lease or convey all or substantially all its assets to any Person or buy all or substantially all of the assets of another Person, unless (i) either (A) the Company shall be the surviving person or (B) the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or amalgamated or the Person which acquires by conveyance, transfer or lease all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company is an entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America (including any State thereof or the District of Columbia) or Bermuda, and such person expressly assumes all the obligations of the Company under the Purchase Contracts, this Agreement, the Remarketing Agreement and the Pledge Agreement by one or more supplemental agreements in form reasonably satisfactory to the Purchase Contract Agent and the

 

74


Collateral Agent, executed and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent by such Person, and (ii) the Company or such successor Person, as the case may be, shall not, immediately after such merger or consolidation, or such transfer, lease or conveyance, be in default in the performance of any covenant or condition hereunder, under any of the Purchase Contracts, under the Remarketing Agreement or under the Pledge Agreement.

 

SECTION 9.02. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation. (a) In case of any such consolidation, merger, amalgamation, transfer, lease, purchase or conveyance and upon any such assumption by a successor entity in accordance with Section 9.01, such successor entity shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the Company. Such successor entity thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, any or all of the Certificates evidencing Units issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent, and, upon the order of such successor corporation, instead of the Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Agreement prescribed, the Purchase Contract Agent shall authenticate and execute on behalf of the Holders and deliver any Certificates which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Purchase Contract Agent for authentication, execution on behalf of the Holder and delivery, and any Certificate evidencing Units which such successor entity thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Purchase Contract Agent for that purpose. All the Certificates so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Agreement as the Certificates theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Agreement as though all of such Certificates had been issued at the date of the execution hereof.

 

(b) In case of any such consolidation, merger, amalgamation, transfer, lease, purchase or conveyance such change in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Certificates evidencing Units thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

 

SECTION 9.03. Opinion of Counsel Given to Purchase Contract Agent. The Purchase Contract Agent, subject to Sections 7.01 and 7.03, shall receive an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger, transfer, lease, purchase or conveyance, and any such assumption, complies with the provisions of this Article and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of any such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease, purchase or conveyance have been met.

 

ARTICLE X

 

Covenants

 

SECTION 10.01. Performance under Purchase Contracts. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders from time to time that it will duly and

 

75


punctually perform its obligations under the Purchase Contracts in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contracts and this Agreement.

 

SECTION 10.02. Maintenance of Office or Agency. (a) The Company will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York an office or agency, which may be the office of the Purchase Contract Agent, where Certificates may be presented or surrendered for payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, acquisition of Common Stock upon settlement of the Purchase Contracts on any Settlement Date and for transfer of Collateral upon occurrence of a Termination Event, where Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, for a Collateral Substitution or reestablishment of Normal Units and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Units and this Agreement may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Purchase Contract Agent with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office, and the Company hereby appoints the Purchase Contract Agent as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

 

(b) The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where Certificates may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency. The Company hereby designates as the place of payment for the Units the Corporate Trust Office and appoints the Purchase Contract Agent at its Corporate Trust Office as paying agent in such city.

 

SECTION 10.03. Company to Reserve Common Stock. The Company shall at all times prior to the Stock Purchase Date reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock the maximum number of Common Stock issuable against tender of payment in respect of all Purchase Contracts constituting a part of the Units evidenced by Outstanding Certificates.

 

SECTION 10.04. Covenants as to Common Stock. The Company covenants that all Common Stock which may be issued against tender of payment in respect of any Purchase Contract constituting a part of the Outstanding Units will, upon issuance, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and shall be free from preemptive rights and free of any lien or adverse claim. The Company will endeavor to promptly list or cause to have quoted such Common Stock on each national exchange or in the over-the-counter market or other such market on which the Common Stock are then listed or quoted.

 

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SECTION 10.05. Statements of Officer of the Company as to Default. The Company will deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officers’ Certificate, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in compliance with the terms, provisions and conditions hereof. Upon becoming aware of any event of non-compliance, the Company will deliver to the Agent a statement specifying such default. In the event the Company shall change its fiscal year at any time the Units are outstanding, the Company shall notify the Purchase Contract Agent of the effective date of such change.

 

SECTION 10.06. Listing. In the event that the Stripped Units or Notes become separately traded from the Normal Units to the extent that applicable exchange listing requirements are met, the Company covenants and agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause such Stripped Units or Notes, as the case may be, to be listed on the securities exchange on which the Normal Units are then listed.

 

SECTION 10.07. Registration Statement. The Company agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that, if required by applicable law, a registration statement with regard to the full amount of the Notes to be remarketed in the remarketing shall be effective with the Securities and Exchange Commission in a form that will enable the Remarketing Agent to rely on it in connection with such remarketing.

 

SECTION 10.08. Securities Contract. Without limiting the applicability of Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code, it is the intention of the Company that this Agreement shall constitute a “securities contract” for purposes of and subject to the provisions of Section 555 of the Bankruptcy Code. The Company agrees that (i) prior to an exercise by the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Company of its rights as a secured party pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the Company does not have any ownership right, title or interest in and to the Pledged Notes and (ii) the Holders of a Unit shall not be deemed to have purchased, and the Company shall not be deemed to have sold any Common Stock pursuant to a Purchase Contract related to such Security prior to a Cash Settlement, an Early Settlement or the occurrence of the Stock Purchase Date (provided that no prior occurrence of a Termination Event with respect to such Common Stock has occurred).

 

SECTION 10.09. Payment to Holders of Units on the Stock Purchase Date. Each Holder of a Unit, by its acceptance thereof, further covenants and agrees that, to the extent and in the manner provided in Section 5.04 and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect of the Pledged Notes, the Pledged Treasury Consideration or the Pledged Treasury Securities to be paid upon settlement of such Holder’s obligations to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contract, shall be paid on the Stock Purchase Date by the Collateral Agent to the Company in

 

77


satisfaction of such Holder’s obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or interest in such payments.

 

SECTION 10.10. Consent to Treatment for Tax Purposes. The Company and each Holder of a Normal Unit or a Stripped Unit, by its acceptance thereof, covenants and agrees (a) to treat a Holder’s acquisition of the Normal Unit as the acquisition of the Note and Purchase Contract constituting the Normal Unit, (b) to treat a Holder’s acquisition of a Stripped Unit as the acquisition of a Treasury Security and Purchase Contract constituting the Stripped Unit, (c) to treat each Holder as the owner, for federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes of (i) the related Notes or the Treasury Consideration, in the case of the Normal Units, or (ii) the Treasury Securities, in the case of the Stripped Units, (d) to treat the Notes as indebtedness of Lazard Group for federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes and (e) to allocate 100% of the issue price of a Normal Unit to the beneficial interest in the Note and 0.00% of the issue price to the Purchase Contract.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

LAZARD LTD,

By

   
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,

as Purchase Contract Agent,

By

   
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   

 

78


 

EXHIBIT A

 

FORM OF NORMAL UNITS CERTIFICATE

 

(Form Of Global Certificate Legend)

 

[THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS DEFINED ON THE REVERSE HEREOF) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT.]* [so long as DTC is the Depositary, insert: Unless this Certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.]

 

[UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR CERTIFICATES IN DEFINITIVE REGISTERED FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT, THIS GLOBAL CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.]*

 

* To be inserted in Global Certificates only.

 

A-1


 

(FORM OF FACE OF NORMAL UNITS CERTIFICATE)

 

LAZARD LTD

 

                    % Equity Security Units

 

No. CUSIP No.

 

Number of Normal Units

 

This Normal Units Certificate certifies that                      is the registered Holder of the number of Normal Units set forth above [If the Certificate is a Global Certificate, insert - , as such number may be increased or decreased as set forth on the Schedule of Increases or Decreases in Global Certificate annexed hereto]. Each Normal Unit represents (i) either (a) a 1/40, or 2.5%, beneficial ownership interest of the Holder in one           % Senior Note initially due 2035 (the “Note”) of Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, having a principal amount of $1,000, subject to the Pledge of such Note by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, or (b) after a Special Event Redemption, the Treasury Consideration, subject to the Pledge of such Treasury Consideration by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and (ii) the rights and obligations of the Holder under one Purchase Contract with the Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda corporation (the “Company”). Each Normal Unit will have a stated amount of $25 (the “Stated Amount”). All capitalized terms used herein which are defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement have the meaning set forth therein.

 

Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the interest in the Note or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, constituting part of each Normal Unit evidenced hereby has been pledged to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, to secure the obligations of the Holder under the Purchase Contract comprising a part of such Normal Unit to purchase Common Stock of the Company. Prior to the purchase of Common Stock under each Purchase Contract, such Purchase Contracts shall not entitle the Holders of Normal Units Certificates to any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock, including without limitation, the right to vote or receive any dividends or other payments or to consent or to receive notice as shareholders in respect of the meetings of shareholders, or for the election of directors of the Company or for any other matter or any other rights whatsoever as shareholder of the Company.

 

The Pledge Agreement provides that all payments in respect of the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration received by the Collateral Agent shall be paid by the Collateral Agent by wire transfer in same day funds (i) in the case of (A) any interest payments on Normal Units which include Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, and (B) any payments in respect of the Notes or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, to the Purchase Contract Agent to the account designated by the Purchase Contract Agent, no later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment is received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a

 

A-2


Business Day or after 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day) and (ii) in the case of payments in respect of any Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, to be paid upon settlement of such Holder’s obligations to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contract, to the Company on the Stock Purchase Date (as defined herein) in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, in full satisfaction of the respective obligations of the Holders of the Normal Units of which such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration are a part under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of such Normal Units. Interest payments payable on each Payment Date (as defined below) with respect to Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration included in the Normal Units shall be made quarterly in arrears on such Payment Date, subject to receipt thereof by the Purchase Contract Agent from the Trustee or Collateral Agent, as the case may be, to the Person in whose name this Normal Units Certificate (or a Predecessor Normal Units Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on                 , 2008 (the “Stock Purchase Date”), at a price equal to $25 (the “Purchase Price”), a number of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), of the Company, equal to the Settlement Rate, unless on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date there shall have occurred a Termination Event or an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement with respect to the Normal Units of which such Purchase Contract is a part, all as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, as defined and more fully described on the reverse hereof. The Purchase Price for the Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby, if not paid earlier, shall be satisfied on the Stock Purchase Date by either (i) the application of payments received with regard to Pledged Treasury Consideration, or (ii) the exercise of the Company’s rights as a secured party in connection with the Pledged Notes, as the case may be.

 

The Company shall pay on each                 ,                 ,                  and                  each year, commencing                 , 2005 (each a “Payment Date”) in respect of each Purchase Contract forming part of a Normal Unit evidenced hereby an amount (the “Contract Adjustment Payments”) equal to           % per year of the Stated Amount through but excluding the Stock Purchase Date, computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months, subject to deferral at the option of the Company as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof (provided that if on any date on which Contract Adjustment Payments are to be made on the Purchase Contracts is not a Business Day, then payment of the Contract Adjustment Payments payable on that date will be made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day, and no interest or payment will be paid in respect of the delay, except that if such next succeeding Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment will be made on the immediately preceding Business Day). Such Contract Adjustment Payments shall be payable to the Person in whose name this Normal Units Certificate (or a Predecessor Normal Units Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date.

 

A-3


Contract Adjustment Payments and payments on the Treasury Consideration will be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, or, if the Units do not remain in book-entry only form, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person’s address as it appears on the Normal Units Register or by wire transfer to the account maintained in the United States designated by written notice given ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date by such Person. Payments on the Notes will be payable at the Corporate Trust Office or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person’s address as it appears on the Normal Units Register or by wire transfer to the account maintained in the United States designated by written notice given ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date by such Person.

 

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

 

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Purchase Contract Agent by manual signature, this Normal Units Certificate shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Pledge Agreement or the Purchase Contract Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

A-4


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

 

Dated:                     

 

LAZARD LTD
By:    
HOLDER SPECIFIED ABOVE (as to obligations of such Holder under the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby)
By:    

The Bank of New York,

not individually but solely as Attorney-in-Fact of such Holder

By:    

 

A-5


 

PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

 

This is one of the Normal Units Certificates referred to in the within mentioned Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

       

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,

as Purchase Contract Agent

Dated:                            By:    
               

Authorized Officer

 

A-6


(Form of Reverse of Normal Units Certificate)

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby is governed by a Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005 (as may be supplemented from time to time, the “Purchase Contract Agreement”), between the Company and                 , as Purchase Contract Agent (including its successors thereunder, herein called the “Purchase Contract Agent”), to which Purchase Contract Agreement and supplemental agreements thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company, and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Normal Units Certificates are, and are to be, executed and delivered. All defined terms used but not defined in this Certificate have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Stock Purchase Date at a price equal to $25 (the “Purchase Price”), a number of Common Stock of the Company equal to the Settlement Rate unless, on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, there shall have occurred a Termination Event or a Cash Settlement, Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement with respect to the Unit of which such Purchase Contract is a part. The “Settlement Rate” is an amount equal to the sum of the “Daily Amounts” (as defined below) calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008.

 

The Daily Amount for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008 is defined as, subject to adjustment as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement:

 

(i) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is less than or equal to the Reference Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Reference Price,

 

(ii) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the Closing Price for the Common Stock is greater than the Reference Price but less than the Threshold Appreciation Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Closing Price,

 

and

 

(iii) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is greater than or equal to the Threshold Appreciation Price, a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Threshold Appreciation Price.

 

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The “Reference Price” is $                , which is the initial public offering price per share of the Common Stock. The “Threshold Appreciation Price” is $                , which is           % of the Reference Price. No fractional Common Stock will be issued upon settlement of Purchase Contracts, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

The “Closing Price” of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) on such date or, if the Common Stock are not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities exchange on which the Common Stock are so listed, or if the Common Stock are not so listed on a United States national or regional securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock are not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company.

 

A “Trading Day” means a day on which the Common Stock (A) are not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) have traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Company’s Common Stock at the close of business on such day. If 20 Trading Days for our Common Stock have not occurred during the period beginning on                 , 2008 and ending on                 , 2008 (1) all remaining Trading Days will be deemed to occur on                 , 2008 (or the first trading day thereafter if such day is not a trading day) and (2) the Closing Price for each of the remaining Trading Days will be the Closing Price on                 , 2008.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby may be settled prior to the Stock Purchase Date through Cash Settlement, Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

In accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate shall pay the Purchase Price for the Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby (i) by effecting a Cash Settlement, an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement; (ii) if the Holder has elected not to participate in the remarketing described in Section            of the Indenture, by application of the cash payment delivered in respect thereof deposited by such Holder in respect of such Purchase Contract in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 5.04(b)(iv) of the Purchase Contract Agreement or (iii) if a Special Event Redemption has occurred prior to the successful remarketing of the Notes as contemplated by Section 5.04 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, by application of payments received in respect of the Pledged Treasury Consideration purchased by the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate. The Company shall not be obligated to issue any Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder unless it shall have received payment in full of the aggregate Purchase Price

 

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for the Common Stock to be purchased thereunder or become entitled to exercise its rights as a secured party in the manner set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement. If, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Last Failed Remarketing the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, exercises its rights as a secured creditor with respect to the Pledged Notes related to this Normal Units Certificate, any accrued and unpaid interest on such Pledged Notes will become payable by Lazard Group Finance to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate to which such Pledged Notes relate in the manner provided for in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

The Purchase Contract Agent will be entitled to exercise the voting and any other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Notes, but only to the extent instructed by the Holders as described below. Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which holders of Notes are entitled to vote or upon the solicitation of consents, waivers or proxies of holders of Notes, the Purchase Contract Agent shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail, at the expense of the Company or one of its subsidiaries, to the Holders of Normal Units a notice prepared by the Company (a) containing such information as is contained in the notice or solicitation, (b) stating that each such Holder on the record date set by the Purchase Contract Agent therefor (which, to the extent possible, shall be the same date as the record date for determining the holders of Notes entitled to vote) shall be entitled to instruct the Purchase Contract Agent as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the Pledged Notes constituting a part of such Holder’s Normal Units and (c) stating the manner in which such instructions may be given. Upon the written request of any Holder of Normal Units on such record date, the Purchase Contract Agent shall endeavor insofar as practicable to vote or cause to be voted, in accordance with the instructions set forth in such request the maximum number of Pledged Notes as to which any particular voting instructions are received. In the absence of specific instructions from the Holder of a Normal Unit, the Purchase Contract Agent shall abstain from voting the Pledged Note evidenced by such Normal Unit.

 

The Normal Units Certificates are issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Normal Unit and any integral multiple thereof. The transfer of any Normal Units Certificate will be registered and Normal Units Certificates may be exchanged as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Normal Units Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents permitted by the Purchase Contract Agreement. No service charge shall be required for any such registration of transfer or exchange of a Normal Units Certificate, but the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificates, other than exchanges not involving any transfer as provided for in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Holder of a Normal Unit may substitute for the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration securing its obligations under the related Purchase Contract Treasury Securities in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. From and after such Collateral Substitution, the Unit for which such Pledged Treasury Securities secures the Holder’s obligation under the Purchase Contract shall be referred to as a “Stripped Unit”. A Holder that elects to

 

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substitute Treasury Securities for Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, thereby creating Stripped Units, shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable in connection therewith. Except as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Normal Unit remains in effect, such Normal Unit shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Normal Units in respect of the Pledged Note or Pledged Treasury Consideration and Purchase Contract comprising such Normal Unit may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged, only as a Normal Unit.

 

A Holder of Stripped Units may reestablish Normal Units at any time from and after the date of the Purchase Contract Agreement and on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date by depositing with the Collateral Agent the Notes or the Treasury Consideration in exchange for the release of the Pledged Treasury Securities in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement.

 

Subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name the Normal Units Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Normal Units Certificates) evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered on the Normal Units Register at the close of business on the Record Date next preceding such Payment Date. The Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, will be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in The City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears on the Normal Units Register or by wire transfer to the account designated by such Person in writing.

 

The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Stock Purchase Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Purchase Contract Agent written notice of its election to defer each such Contract Adjustment Payments as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall, to the extent permitted by law, accrue additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of           % per year (computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, accrued thereon, are referred to herein as the “Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments”). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Stock Purchase Date and no such deferral period may end other than on a Payment Date.

 

In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until a Payment Date prior to the Stock Purchase Date, then all Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be payable

 

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to the registered Holders as of the close of business on the Record Date immediately preceding such Payment Date.

 

The Company’s obligations with respect to Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments) will be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the Company’s obligations under any Senior Indebtedness in the manner and to the extent set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Stock Purchase Date, the Holder of this Normal Units Certificate will receive on the Stock Purchase Date, in lieu of a cash payment, a number of Common Stock (in addition to the number of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate) equal to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the sum of the “share amounts” calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008. For each of such 20 Trading Days, the share amount shall be equal to (a) the aggregate amount of deferred contract adjustment payments payable to the holder divided by (b) the product of 20 multiplied by the Closing Price of the Common Stock for the respective trading day.

 

In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, then, until the date on which the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not, and will not permit any subsidiary of the Company to, declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company’s Common Stock other than (i) repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of Common Stock of the Company in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of employees, officers, directors or agents or a stock purchase or dividend reinvestment plan, or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date the Company exercises its rights to defer the Contract Adjustment Payments; (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company’s Capital Stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock for another class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock; (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of any series of the Company’s Capital Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such Capital Stock or the security being converted or exchanged; (iv) dividends or distributions in any series of the Company’s Capital Stock (or rights to acquire the Company’s Capital Stock) or repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of the Company’s Capital Stock in exchange for or out of the net cash proceeds of the sale of the Company’s Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of the Company’s Capital Stock); or (v) redemptions, exchanges or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan on the date the Company exercises its right to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments or the declaration or payment thereunder of a dividend or distribution of or with respect to rights in the future, or the redemption or repurchase of any rights pursuant thereto.

 

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The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of the Holders to receive accumulated Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments and the obligations of the Holders to purchase Common Stock, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or action by any Holder, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two Business Days thereafter give written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Normal Units Register. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration from the Pledge in accordance with the provisions of the Pledge Agreement.

 

Upon registration of transfer of this Normal Units Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee, except as may be required by the Purchase Contract Agent pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement), under the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby and the Pledge Agreement and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Normal Units Certificate and the Pledge Agreement. The Company covenants and agrees, and the Holder, by its acceptance hereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph.

 

The Holder of this Normal Units Certificate, by its acceptance hereof, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contracts forming part of the Normal Units evidenced hereby on his behalf as his attorney-in-fact, expressly withholds any consent to the assumption (i.e., affirmance) of the Purchase Contracts by the Company, any receiver, liquidator or person or entity performing similar functions or its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or subject to other similar state or federal or other law, agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform such Holder’s obligations under such Purchase Contracts, consents to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on such Holder’s behalf as attorney-in-fact, and consents to the Pledge of the Notes or the Treasury Consideration underlying this Normal Units Certificate pursuant to the Pledge Agreement; provided that, upon a Termination Event, the rights of the Holder of such Notes may be enforced without regard to any other rights or obligations.

 

The Holder further covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect of the Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration to be paid upon settlement of such Holder’s obligations to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contract, shall be paid on the Stock Purchase Date by the Collateral Agent to the Company in satisfaction of such Holder’s obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or

 

A-12


interest in such payments. The obligations of each Holder to pay the Purchase Price are non-recourse obligations and except to the extent paid by Cash Settlement, Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement, are payable solely out of the proceeds of any Collateral pledged to secure the obligations of the Holders and in no event will Holders be liable for any deficiency between such payments and the Purchase Price. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the Company shall not be obligated to issue any Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder of the related Unit unless the Company shall have (i) received payment in full of the aggregate Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased thereunder by such Holder in the manner herein set forth or (ii) exercised its rights as a secured party under Section 5.04(b)(iii) of the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

The Company and each Holder of a Normal Unit, by its acceptance thereof, covenants and agrees (a) to treat a Holder’s acquisition of the Normal Unit as the acquisition of the Note and Purchase Contract constituting the Normal Unit, (b) to treat each Holder as the owner, for federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes of the related Notes or the Treasury Consideration, (d) to treat the Notes as indebtedness of Lazard Group LLC for federal, state and local income and franchise tax purposes and (d) to allocate 100% of the issue price of a Normal Unit to the beneficial interest in the Note and 0% of the issue price to the Purchase Contract.

 

Subject to certain exceptions, the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement may be amended with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the outstanding Purchase Contracts.

 

The Purchase Contracts shall for all purposes be governed by, deemed to be a contract under, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

 

The Company, the Purchase Contract Agent and its Affiliates and any agent of the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent may treat the Person in whose name this Normal Units Certificate is registered as the owner of the Normal Units evidenced hereby for the purpose of receiving quarterly payments of interest on the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, receiving payments of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not any payments in respect thereof be overdue and notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, such Affiliates nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

The Purchase Contracts shall not, prior to the settlement thereof, entitle the Holder to any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock.

 

A copy of the Purchase Contract Agreement is available for inspection at the offices of the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

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ABBREVIATIONS

 

The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this instrument, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:

 

TEN COM – as tenants in common

       

UNIF GIFT MIN ACT – Custodian

       
           
       

(cust) (minor)

       

Under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act

 

TEN ENT – as tenants by the entireties

 

JT TEN – as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common

 

Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.

 

A-14


 

ASSIGNMENT

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto                                                       (Please insert Social Security or Taxpayer I.D. or other Identifying Number of Assignee)                                                       (Please Print or Type Name and Address Including Postal Zip Code of Assignee) the within Normal Units Certificates and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing                                          attorney to transfer said Normal Units Certificates on the books of Lazard Ltd with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:

     

Signature:

           

 

NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as it appears upon the face of the within Normal Units Certificates in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

 

Signature Guarantee:

       
           

 

A-15


 

SETTLEMENT INSTRUCTIONS

 

The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for Common Stock deliverable upon settlement on or after the Stock Purchase Date of the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Normal Units evidenced by this Normal Units Certificate be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto.

 

Dated:

     

Signature:

           

 

Signature Guarantee:

 

(if assigned to another person)

 

If shares are to be registered in the name of and delivered to a Person other than the Holder, please (i) print such Person’s name and address and (ii) provide a guarantee of your signature:      

REGISTERED HOLDER

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:

           

Name

     

Name

           

Address

     

Address

 

Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

 

           

 

A-16


 

ELECTION TO SETTLE EARLY

 

The undersigned Holder of this Normal Units Certificate hereby irrevocably exercises the option, subject to Section 5.09 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, to effect Early Settlement in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement with respect to the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Normal Units evidenced by this Normal Units Certificate specified below. The option to effect Early Settlement may be exercised only with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying Normal Units with an aggregate Purchase Price equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for Common Stock deliverable upon such Early Settlement be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share and any Normal Units Certificate representing any Normal Units evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is not effected, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration deliverable upon such Early Settlement will be transferred in accordance with the transfer instructions set forth below. If shares of Common Stock are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto.

 

Dated:

     

Signature:

           

 

Signature Guarantee:

 

Number of Units evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is being elected:

 

           

 

If shares of Common Stock are to be registered in the name of and delivered to and Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration are to be transferred to a Person other than the Holder, please print such Person’s address:      

REGISTERED HOLDER

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:

           

Name

     

Name

           

Address

     

Address

 

A-17


Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

 

  

 

Transfer instructions for Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration transferable upon Early Settlement or a Termination Event:

 

  
  

 

A-18


 

[TO BE ATTACHED TO GLOBAL CERTIFICATES]

 

SCHEDULE OF INCREASES OR DECREASES IN GLOBAL CERTIFICATE

 

The following increases or decreases in this Global Certificate have been made:

 

Date


 

Amount of Decrease in
Stated Amount of the
Global Certificate


 

Amount of Increase in Stated
Amount of the Global
Certificate


   Stated Amount of the
Global Certificate
Following Such Decrease
or Increase


   Signature of Authorized
Officer of Purchase
Contract Agent


                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

A-19


 

EXHIBIT B

 

FORM OF STRIPPED UNITS CERTIFICATE

 

(Form of Global Certificate Legend)

 

[THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS DEFINED ON THE REVERSE HEREOF) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT.]

 

[so long as DTC is the Depositary, insert: Unless this Certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co. or to such other entity as is requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.]

 

[UNLESS AND UNTIL IT IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR CERTIFICATES IN DEFINITIVE REGISTERED FORM IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES REFERRED TO IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT, THIS GLOBAL CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY THE DEPOSITARY TO A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY A NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY TO THE DEPOSITARY OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF THE DEPOSITARY OR BY THE DEPOSITARY OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH SUCCESSOR DEPOSITARY.]*

 

* To be inserted in Global Certificates only.

 

B-1


 

(Form of Face of Stripped Units Certificate)

 

Lazard Ltd

 

          % Equity Security Units

 

No. CUSIP No.

Number of Stripped Units

 

This Stripped Units Certificate certifies that                                                       is the registered Holder of the number of Stripped Units set forth above [If the Certificate is a Global Certificate, insert -, as such number may be increased or decreased as set forth on the Schedule of Increases or Decreases in Global Certificate annexed hereto]. Each Stripped Unit represents (i) a 1/40 undivided beneficial ownership interest in a Treasury Security or, in the case of an Opt-Out, the Cash Consideration, subject to the Pledge of such interest in such Treasury Security or Cash Consideration, as the case may be, by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and (ii) the rights and obligations of the Holder under one Purchase Contract with Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda corporation (the “Company”). Each Stripped Unit will have a stated amount of $25 (the “Stated Amount”). In the event a Holder creates a Stripped Unit as a result of an Opt-Out pursuant to Section 5.04(b)(iv) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, all references herein to Treasury Securities or Pledged Treasury Securities, including for purposes of Sections 3.15 and 5.8 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, shall be deemed to include the Cash Consideration in addition to the Treasury Securities. All capitalized terms used herein which are defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement have the meaning set forth therein.

 

Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the Treasury Security constituting part of each Stripped Unit evidenced hereby has been pledged to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, to secure the obligations of the Holder under the Purchase Contract comprising a part of such Stripped Unit to purchase Common Stock of the Company. Prior to the purchase of Common Stock under each Purchase Contract, such Purchase Contracts shall not entitle the Holders of Normal Units Certificates to any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock, including, without limitation, the right to vote or receive any dividends or other payments or to consent or to receive notice as shareholders in respect of the meetings of shareholders, or for the election of directors of the Company or for any other matter or any other rights whatsoever as shareholder of the Company.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on                 , 2008 (the “Stock Purchase Date”), at a price equal to $25 (the “Purchase Price”), a number of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Common Stock”), of the Company, equal to the Settlement Rate, unless on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date there shall have occurred a Termination Event or an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement with respect to the Stripped Units of which such Purchase Contract is a part, all as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof. The Purchase Price (as defined herein) for the Common Stock purchased pursuant to each

 

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Purchase Contract evidenced hereby, if not paid earlier, shall be paid on the Stock Purchase Date by application of payments received in respect of the Pledged Treasury Securities pledged to secure the obligations of the Holder under such Purchase Contract in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement.

 

The Company shall pay on each Payment Date in respect of each Purchase Contract forming part of a Stripped Unit evidenced hereby an amount (the “Contract Adjustment Payments”) equal to           % per year of the Stated Amount through but excluding the Stock Purchase Date, computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months, subject to deferral at the option of the Company as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof (provided that if on any date on which Contract Adjustment Payments are to be made on the Purchase Contracts is not a Business Day, then payment of the Contract Adjustment Payments payable on that date will be made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day, and no interest or payment will be paid in respect of the delay, except that if such next succeeding Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment will be made on the immediately preceding Business Day). Such Contract Adjustment Payments shall be payable to the Person in whose name this Stripped Units Certificate (or a Predecessor Stripped Units Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date.

 

Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in the City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears on the Stripped Units Register or by wire transfer to the account designated by such Person in writing.

 

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

 

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Purchase Contract Agent by manual signature, this Stripped Units Certificate shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Pledge Agreement or the Purchase Contract Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

 

Dated:                     

     

LAZARD LTD

            By:    
            HOLDER SPECIFIED ABOVE (as to obligations of such Holder under the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby)
            By:    
            THE BANK OF NEW YORK, not individually but solely as Attorney-in-Fact of such Holder
            By:    
             

 

B-4


PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT’S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

 

This is one of the Stripped Units Certificates referred to in the within-mentioned Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,

as Purchase Contract Agent

By:

   
   

Authorized Officer

 

B-5


(Form of Reverse of Stripped Units Certificate)

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby is governed by a Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005 (as may be supplemented from time to time, the “Purchase Contract Agreement”), between the Company and The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent (including its successors thereunder, herein called the “Purchase Contract Agent”), to which the Purchase Contract Agreement and supplemental agreements thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Purchase Contract Agent, the Company and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Stripped Units Certificates are, and are to be, executed and delivered. All defined terms used but not defined in this Certificate have the meanings ascribed to them in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Stock Purchase Date at a price equal to $25 (the “Purchase Price”), a number of Common Stock of the Company equal to the Settlement Rate, unless, on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, there shall have occurred a Termination Event or a Cash Settlement, an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement with respect to the Unit of which such Purchase Contract is a part. The “Settlement Rate” is an amount equal to the sum of the “Daily Amounts” (as defined below) calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008.

 

The Daily Amount for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008 is equal to, subject to adjustment as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement:

 

(i) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is less than or equal to the Reference Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Reference Price,

 

(ii) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the Closing Price for the Common Stock is greater than the Reference Price but less than the Threshold Appreciation Price (as defined below), a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Closing Price,

 

and

 

(iii) for each of those 20 Trading Days on which the closing price for the Common Stock is greater than or equal to the Threshold Appreciation Price, a fraction of a share of Common Stock per purchase contract equal to:

 

1/20 x $25/Threshold Appreciation Price.

 

B-6


The “Reference Price” is $                , which is the initial public offering price per share of Common Stock. The “Threshold Appreciation Price” is $                , which is           % of the Reference Price. No fractional Common Stock will be issued upon settlement of Purchase Contracts, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

The “Closing Price” of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) on such date or, if the Common Stock are not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities exchange on which the Common Stock are so listed, or if the Common Stock are not so listed on a United States national or regional securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock are not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company.

 

A “Trading Day” means a day on which the Common Stock (A) are not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) have traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Common Stock at the close of business of such day. If 20 Trading Days for the Company’s Common Stock have not occurred during the period beginning on                 , 2008 and ending on                 , 2008 (1) all remaining Trading Days will be deemed to occur on                 , 2008 (or the first trading day thereafter if such day is not a trading day) and (2) the Closing Price for each of the remaining Trading Days will be the Closing Price on                 , 2008.

 

Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby may be settled prior to the Stock Purchase Date through Cash Settlement, Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

In accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate shall pay the Purchase Price for the Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby (i) by effecting a Cash Settlement, an Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement or (ii) by application of payments received in respect of the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying the Stripped Units represented by this Stripped Units Certificate.

 

The Company shall not be obligated to issue any Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder unless it shall have received payment in full of the aggregate Purchase Price for the Common Stock to be purchased thereunder in the manner herein set forth.

 

The Stripped Units Certificates are issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Stripped Unit and any integral multiple thereof. The

 

B-7


transfer of any Stripped Units Certificate will be registered and Stripped Units Certificates may be exchanged as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Stripped Units Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents permitted by the Purchase Contract Agreement. No service charge shall be required for any such registration of transfer or exchange of a Stripped Units Certificate, but the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent may require payment from the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificates, other than exchanges not involving any transfer as provided for in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Holder of a Stripped Unit may substitute for the Pledged Treasury Securities securing its obligations under the related Purchase Contract Notes or the Treasury Consideration in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. From and after such Collateral Substitution, the Unit for which such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration secures the Holder’s obligation under the Purchase Contract shall be referred to as a “Normal Unit”. A Holder that elects to substitute Notes or the Treasury Consideration for Pledged Treasury Securities, thereby reestablishing Normal Units, shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable in connection therewith. Except as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Stripped Unit remains in effect, such Stripped Unit shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Stripped Unit in respect of the Pledged Treasury Security and the Purchase Contract comprising such Stripped Unit may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged, only as a Stripped Unit.

 

A Holder of Normal Units may establish Stripped Units at any time from and after the date of the Purchase Contract Agreement and on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date by depositing with the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities in exchange for the release of the Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement.

 

Subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name the Stripped Units Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Stripped Units Certificates) evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered on the Stripped Units Register at the close of business on the Record Date next preceding such Payment Date. Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, will be payable at the office of the Purchase Contract Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, New York City, or, if the Units do not remain in book-entry only form, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person’s address as it appears on the Stripped Units Register or by wire transfer to the account maintained in the United States designated by written notice given ten Business Days prior to the applicable payment date by such Person.

 

The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Stock Purchase Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise

 

B-8


payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Purchase Contract Agent written notice of its election to defer each such Contract Adjustment Payments as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall, to the extent permitted by law, accrue additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of           % per year (computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, accrued thereon, are referred to herein as the “Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments”). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Stock Purchase Date and no such deferral period may end other than on a Payment Date.

 

In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until a Payment Date prior to the Stock Purchase Date, then all Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be payable to the registered Holders as of the close of business on the Record Date immediately preceding such Payment Date.

 

In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Stock Purchase Date, the Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate will receive on the Stock Purchase Date, in lieu of a cash payment, a number of Common Stock (in addition to the number of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate) equal to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the sum of the “share amounts” calculated for each of the 20 Trading Days beginning on                 , 2008. For each of such 20 Trading Days, the share amount shall be equal to (a) the aggregate amount of deferred contract adjustment payments payable to the holder divided by (b) the product of 20 multiplied by the Closing Price of the Common Stock for the respective trading day.

 

The Company’s obligations with respect to Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments) will be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the Company’s obligations under any Senior Indebtedness in the manner and to the extent set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, then, until the date on which the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not, and will not permit any subsidiary of the Company to, declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of the Company’s Common Stock other than (i) repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of Common Stock of the Company in connection with any employment contract, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of employees, officers, directors or agents or a stock purchase or dividend reinvestment plan, or the

 

B-9


satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date the Company exercises its rights to defer the Contract Adjustment Payments; (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company’s Capital Stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock for another class or series of the Company’s Capital Stock; (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of any series of the Company’s Capital Stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such Capital Stock or the security being converted or exchanged; (iv) dividends or distributions in any series of the Company’s Capital Stock (or rights to acquire the Company’s Capital Stock) or repurchases, redemptions or acquisitions of the Company’s Capital Stock in exchange for or out of the net cash proceeds of the sale of the Company’s Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of the Company’s Capital Stock); or (v) redemptions, exchanges or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan on the date the Company exercises its right to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments or the declaration or payment thereunder of a dividend or distribution of or with respect to rights in the future, or the redemption or repurchase of any rights pursuant thereto.

 

The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of the Holders to receive accumulated Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, and the obligations of the Holders to purchase Common Stock, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or action by any Holder, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Stock Purchase Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two business days thereafter give written notice to the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Stripped Units Register. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Treasury Securities from the Pledge in accordance with the provisions of the Pledge Agreement.

 

Upon registration of transfer of this Stripped Units Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee, except as may be required by the Purchase Contract Agent pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement), under the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby and the Pledge Agreement and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Stripped Units Certificate and the Pledge Agreement. The Company covenants and agrees, and the Holder, by his acceptance hereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph.

 

The Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate, by its acceptance hereof, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contracts forming part of the Stripped Units evidenced hereby on his behalf as its attorney-in-fact, expressly withholds any consent to the assumption (i.e., affirmance) of the Purchase Contracts by the Company, any receiver, liquidator or person or entity performing similar functions or its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the

 

B-10


debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or subject to other similar state or federal or other law, agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform such Holder’s obligations under such Purchase Contracts, consents to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, irrevocably authorizes the Purchase Contract Agent to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on such Holder’s behalf as attorney-in-fact, and consents to the Pledge of the Treasury Securities underlying this Stripped Units Certificate pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, provided that upon a Termination Event, the rights of the Holder of such Stripped Units may be enforced without regard to any other rights or obligations. The Holder further covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect of the Pledged Treasury Securities, to be paid upon settlement of such Holder’s obligations to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contract, shall be paid on the Stock Purchase Date by the Collateral Agent to the Company in satisfaction of such Holder’s obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or interest in such payments. The obligations of each Holder to pay the Purchase Price are non-recourse obligations and except to the extent paid by Early Settlement or Merger Early Settlement, are payable solely out of the proceeds of any Collateral pledged to secure the obligations of the Holders and in no event will Holders be liable for any deficiency between such payments and the Purchase Price.

 

Each Holder of any Unit, and each Beneficial Owner thereof, by its acceptance thereof or of its interest therein, further agrees to treat (i) the formation of Stripped Units as the acquisition of a Unit consisting of the Purchase Contract and the Treasury Securities and (ii) itself as the owner of the related Notes, Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities, as the case may be.

 

Subject to certain exceptions, the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement may be amended with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the Purchase Contracts.

 

The Purchase Contracts shall for all purposes be governed by and deemed to be a contract under, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

 

The Company, the Purchase Contract Agent and its Affiliates and any agent of the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent may treat the Person in whose name this Stripped Units Certificate is registered as the owner of the Stripped Units evidenced hereby for the purpose of receiving any Contract Adjustment Payments and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not any payments in respect thereof be overdue and notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, such Affiliate, nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

The Purchase Contracts shall not, prior to the settlement thereof, entitle the Holder to any of the rights of a holder of Common Stock.

 

B-11


 

A COPY OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT IS AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION AT THE OFFICES OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT.

 

B-12


 

ABBREVIATIONS

 

The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this instrument, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:

 

TEN COM – as tenants in common

 

UNIF GIFT MIN ACT – Custodian

 

 

(cust) (minor)

Under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act

 

TEN ENT – as tenants by the entireties

 

JT TEN – as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common

 

Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.

 

B-13


 

ASSIGNMENT

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto

  

(Please insert Social Security or Taxpayer I.D. or other Identifying Number of Assignee)

  

(Please Print or Type Name and Address Including Postal Zip Code of Assignee) the within Normal Units Certificates and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing                      attorney to transfer said Normal Units Certificates on the books of Lazard Ltd with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

Dated:

     

Signature :

_____________________________

        

 

NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as it appears upon the face of the within Normal Units Certificates in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

 

Signature Guarantee:

 

B-14


 

SETTLEMENT INSTRUCTIONS

 

The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for Common Stock deliverable upon settlement on or after the Stock Purchase Date of the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Stripped Units evidenced by this Stripped Units Certificate be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto.

 

Dated:

     

Signature :

_____________________________

        
        

Signature Guarantee:

 

(if assigned to another person)

 

If shares are to be registered in the name of and delivered to a Person other than the Holder, please (i) print such Person’s name and address and (ii) provide a guarantee of your signature:      

REGISTERED HOLDER

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:

           

Name

     

Name

           

Address

     

Address

 

Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

  

 

B-15


 

ELECTION TO SETTLE EARLY

 

The undersigned Holder of this Stripped Units Certificate hereby irrevocably exercises the option, subject to Section 5.09 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, to effect Early Settlement in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement with respect to the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Stripped Units evidenced by this Stripped Units Certificate specified below. The option to effect Early Settlement may be exercised only with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying Stripped Units with an aggregate Purchase Price equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for Common Stock deliverable upon such Early Settlement be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share and any Stripped Units Certificate representing any Stripped Units evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is not effected, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. Pledged Treasury Securities deliverable upon such Early Settlement will be transferred in accordance with the transfer instructions set forth below. If shares of Common Stock are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto.

 

Dated:

     

Signature :

_____________________________

        
        

Signature Guarantee:

 

Number of Units evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is being elected:

  

 

If shares of Common Stock are to be registered in the name of and delivered to and Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration are to be transferred to a Person other than the Holder, please print such Person’s address:      

REGISTERED HOLDER

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:

           

Name

      Name
           

Address

      Address

 

Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

  

 

Transfer instructions for Pledged Treasury Securities, transferable upon Early Settlement or a Termination Event:

  

 

B-16


 

[TO BE ATTACHED TO GLOBAL CERTIFICATES]

 

SCHEDULE OF INCREASES OR DECREASES IN GLOBAL CERTIFICATE

 

The following increases or decreases in this Global Certificate have been made:

 

Date


 

Amount of
Decrease in
Stated Amount
of the Global
Certificate


 

Amount of
Increase in
Stated
Amount of the
Global
Certificate


   Stated Amount
of the Global
Certificate
Following Such
Decrease or
Increase


   Signature of
Authorized Officer of
Purchase Contract Agent


                   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

B-17


 

EXHIBIT C

 

INSTRUCTION FROM PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT TO COLLATERAL AGENT

 

 

 

  Re:           % Equity Security Units of Lazard Ltd (the “Company”)

 

We hereby notify you in accordance with Section 4.01 of the Pledge Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005, among the Company, you, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary, and us, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the holders of [Normal Units] [Stripped Units] from time to time, that the holder of securities listed below (the “Holder”) has elected to substitute [$                 aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities (CUSIP No.                 )] [$                principal amount of Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] in exchange for the related [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration] [Pledged Treasury Securities (CUSIP No. [                ]),] held by you in accordance with the Pledge Agreement and has delivered to us a notice stating that the Holder has transferred [Treasury Securities] [Notes or the Treasury Consideration] to you, as Collateral Agent. We hereby instruct you, upon receipt of such [Pledged Treasury Securities] [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration], and upon the payment by such Holder of any applicable fees, to release the [Notes or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] [Treasury Securities] related to such [Normal Units] [Stripped Units] to us in accordance with the Holder’s instructions. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,
as Purchase Contract Agent under the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005, between the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent
By:    

 

C-1


Please print name and address of Registered Holder electing to substitute [Treasury Securities] Notes or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] for the Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities]:

Name:

 
Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:
 

 

cc: Lazard Ltd
   Attention:

 

C-2


 

EXHIBIT D

 

INSTRUCTION TO PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT

 

 

 

  Re:           % Equity Security Units of Lazard Capital Ltd (the “Company”)

 

The undersigned Holder hereby notifies you, as Purchase Contract Agent under the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of                 , between the Company and you, that it has delivered to The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary [$                 aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities] [$                 principal amount of Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] in exchange for the related [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by the Collateral Agent, in accordance with Section 4.01 of the Pledge Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005, among you, the Company and the Collateral Agent. The undersigned Holder has paid the Collateral Agent all applicable fees relating to such exchange. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to instruct the Collateral Agent to release to you on behalf of the undersigned Holder the [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities] related to such [Normal Units] [Stripped Units]. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

Date:           By:    
Please print name and address of Registered Holder:       Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:
         

 

cc: Lazard Ltd
   Attention:

 

D-1


 

EXHIBIT E

 

NOTICE TO SETTLE BY SEPARATE CASH

 

 

 

  Re:           % Equity Security Units of Lazard Ltd (the “Company”)

 

The undersigned Holder hereby notifies you in accordance with Section 5.04 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of                 , between the Company and you, as Purchase Contract Agent, Attorney-in-Fact and Trustee for the Holders of the Purchase Contracts, that it has delivered to The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary, that such Holder has elected to pay to the Collateral Agent, on or prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time, on the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, (in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashier’s check or wire transfer, in each case in immediately available funds), $                 as the Purchase Price for the Common Stock issuable to such Holder by the Company under the related Purchase Contract on the Stock Purchase Date. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to notify promptly the Collateral Agent of the undersigned Holder’s election to make such cash settlement with respect to the Purchase Contracts related to such Holder’s Normal Units. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

Date:

     

      Signature :

           

 

Signatures must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” meeting the requirements of the Registrar, which requirements include membership or participation in the Security Transfer Agent Medallion Program (“STAMP”) or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Registrar in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP, all in accordance with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:             Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:
           

 

E-1

Form of Pledge Agreement

Exhibit 4.5

 


 

PLEDGE AGREEMENT

 

between

 

LAZARD LTD

 

The Bank of New York,

 

as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary

 

and

 

The Bank of New York,

 

as Purchase Contract Agent

 

Dated as of                 , 2005

 



 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

ARTICLE I     
Definitions     

SECTION 1.01.

  

Definitions

   2
ARTICLE II     
Pledge; Control and Perfection     

SECTION 2.01.

  

The Pledge

   4

SECTION 2.02.

  

Delivery, Control and Perfection

   5
ARTICLE III     
Payments on Collateral     

SECTION 3.01.

  

Payments

   7

SECTION 3.02.

  

Application of Payments

   8
ARTICLE IV     
Substitution, Release, Repledge and Settlement of Notes     

SECTION 4.01.

  

Collateral Substitution and the Creation of Stripped Units

   9

SECTION 4.02.

  

Collateral Substitution and the Re-creation of Normal Units

   10

SECTION 4.03.

  

Termination Event

   10

SECTION 4.04.

  

Early Settlement; Merger Early Settlement; Cash Settlement

   11

SECTION 4.05.

  

Remarketing; Application of Proceeds; Settlement

   11
ARTICLE V     
Voting Rights — Notes     

SECTION 5.01.

  

Exercise by Purchase Contract Agent

   13
ARTICLE VI     
Rights and Remedies; Special Event Redemption     

SECTION 6.01.

  

Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent

   13

SECTION 6.02.

  

Substitutions

   14

 

i


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

     Page

SECTION 6.03.

  

Special Event Redemption

   14

SECTION 6.04.

  

Cash Received from Holders of Normal Units not Participating in the Remarketing

   15
ARTICLE VII     
Representations and Warranties; Covenants     

SECTION 7.01.

  

Representations and Warranties of the Holders

   15

SECTION 7.02.

  

Representations and Warranties of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary

   16

SECTION 7.03.

  

Covenants

   17
ARTICLE VIII     
The Collateral Agent     

SECTION 8.01.

  

Appointment, Powers and Immunities

   17

SECTION 8.02.

  

Instructions of the Company

   18

SECTION 8.03.

  

Reliance

   19

SECTION 8.04.

  

Rights in Other Capacities

   19

SECTION 8.05.

  

Non-reliance on Collateral Agent

   19

SECTION 8.06.

  

Compensation and Indemnity

   19

SECTION 8.07.

  

Failure to Act

   20

SECTION 8.08.

  

Resignation; Replacement of Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent or Securities Intermediary

   21

SECTION 8.09.

  

Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor

   21

SECTION 8.10.

  

Survival

   22

SECTION 8.11.

  

Exculpation

   22
ARTICLE IX     
Amendment     

SECTION 9.01.

  

Amendment Without Consent of Holders

   22

SECTION 9.02.

  

Amendment with Consent of Holders

   22

SECTION 9.03.

  

Execution of Amendments

   23

SECTION 9.04.

  

Effect of Amendments

   23

SECTION 9.05.

  

Reference to Amendments

   24

 

ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

     Page

ARTICLE X     
Miscellaneous     

SECTION 10.01.

  

No Waiver

   24

SECTION 10.02.

  

Governing Law

   24

SECTION 10.03.

  

Judgment Currency

   25

SECTION 10.04.

  

Notices

   25

SECTION 10.05.

  

Successors and Assigns

   26

SECTION 10.06.

  

Counterparts

   26

SECTION 10.07.

  

Severability

   26

SECTION 10.08.

  

Expenses, etc.

   26

SECTION 10.09.

  

Security Interest Absolute

   26

SECTION 10.10.

  

WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL

   27

SECTION 10.11.

  

Incorporation by Reference

   27

 

EXHIBIT A Instruction from Purchase Contract Agent to Collateral Agent
EXHIBIT B Instruction to Purchase Contract Agent
EXHIBIT C Instruction to Custodial Agent Regarding Remarketing
EXHIBIT D Instruction to Custodial Agent Regarding Withdrawal from Remarketing

 

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PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of                 , 2005, among Lazard Ltd, an exempted Bermuda limited company (the “Company”), The Bank of New York, not individually but solely as collateral agent (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Collateral Agent”), as custodial agent (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Custodial Agent”) and as “securities intermediary” as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code (as defined herein) (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Securities Intermediary”), and The Bank of New York, a New York banking association, not individually but solely as purchase contract agent and as attorney-in-fact of the holders from time to time of the units described herein (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Purchase Contract Agent”) under the Purchase Contract Agreement (as defined herein).

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent are parties to the Purchase Contract Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as modified, amended or supplemented, the “Purchase Contract Agreement”), pursuant to which there may be issued Units (such term, and each other capitalized term used in these recitals, having the meaning set forth herein or, if not defined herein, the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement) having a Stated Amount of $25 per Unit, all of which will initially be Normal Units.

 

WHEREAS, each Normal Unit will consist of (a) a Purchase Contract and (b) either (i) a 1/40, or 2.5%, beneficial ownership interest in a Note having a $1,000 principal amount or (ii) following a Special Event Redemption in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement and the terms of the Notes, beneficial ownership of the Treasury Consideration.

 

WHEREAS, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, a Holder of Normal Units may separate the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as applicable, from the related Purchase Contracts by substituting for such Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, Treasury Securities that will pay in the aggregate an amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of such Normal Units. Upon such separation, the Normal Units will become Stripped Units. Each Stripped Unit will consist of (a) a Purchase Contract and (b) a 1/40 undivided beneficial interest in a Treasury Security or, in the case of an opt-out pursuant to Section 6.04, the Cash Consideration.

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Purchase Contracts, the Holders, from time to time, of the Units have irrevocably authorized the Purchase Contract Agent, as attorney-in-fact of such Holders, among other things, to execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of such Holders and to grant the pledge provided hereby of the Notes, any Treasury Consideration and any Treasury Securities delivered in exchange therefor to secure each Holder’s obligations under the related Purchase Contract, as provided herein and subject to the terms hereof.

 


NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary, the Custodial Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent agree as follows:

 

ARTICLE I

 

Definitions

 

SECTION 1.01. Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(a) capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement;

 

(b) the terms defined in this Agreement include the plural as well as the singular, and nouns and pronouns of the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter genders;

 

(c) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States;

 

(d) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Recital, Article, Section or other subdivision; and

 

(e) the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

“Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.02(b).

 

“Agreement” means this agreement as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more agreements supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof.

 

“Code” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.01.

 

“Collateral” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(a).

 

“Collateral Account” means the securities account (number                 ) maintained at                 ,                 , in the name of “The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent on behalf of the holders of certain securities of Lazard Ltd, Collateral Account subject to the security interest of The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, for the benefit of Lazard Ltd, as pledgee” and any successor account.

 

“Collateral Agent” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

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“Custodial Agent” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Intermediary” means any entity that in the ordinary course of its business maintains securities accounts for others and is acting in that capacity.

 

“Pledge” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Notes” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Treasury Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Treasury Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Proceeds” means all interest, dividends, cash, instruments, securities, financial assets (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(9) of the Code) and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed upon the sale, exchange, collection or disposition of the Collateral or any proceeds thereof.

 

“Purchase Contract Agent” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Purchase Contract Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.

 

“Securities Intermediary” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Security Entitlement” has the meaning set forth in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code.

 

“Separate Notes” means any Notes that are not Pledged Notes.

 

“TRADES Regulations” means the regulations of the United States Department of the Treasury, published at 31 C.F.R. Part 357, as amended from time to time. Unless otherwise defined herein, all terms defined in the TRADES Regulations are used herein as therein defined.

 

“Transfer” means, with respect to the Collateral and in accordance with the instructions of the Collateral Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Holder, as applicable:

 

(i) in the case of Collateral consisting of certificated securities, delivery as provided in 8-301(a) of the UCC in appropriate physical form to the recipient accompanied by any duly executed instruments of transfer, assignments in blank, transfer tax stamps and any other documents necessary to constitute a legally valid transfer to the recipient; and

 

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(ii) in the case of Collateral consisting of security entitlements relating to securities maintained in book-entry form, by causing a “securities intermediary” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code) to (a) credit such “security entitlement” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code) to a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501(a) of the Code) maintained by or on behalf of the recipient and (b) to issue a confirmation to the recipient with respect to such credit.

 

In the case of Collateral to be delivered to the Collateral Agent, the securities intermediary shall be the Securities Intermediary and the securities account shall be the Collateral Account. In addition, any Transfer of Treasury Securities and Treasury Consideration hereunder shall be made in accordance with the TRADES Regulations and other applicable law.

 

ARTICLE II

 

Pledge; Control and Perfection

 

SECTION 2.01. The Pledge. (a) The Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders from time to time, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, hereby pledge and grant to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, as collateral security for the payment and performance when due by such Holders of their respective obligations to the Company under the related Purchase Contracts, a security interest in, and right of set-off against, all of the right, title and interest of the Purchase Contract Agent and such Holders in:

 

(i) the Notes constituting a part of the Units that have not been released by the Collateral Agent to such Holders under the provisions of this Agreement;

 

(ii) (A) the Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities constituting a part of the Units, (B) any Treasury Securities delivered in exchange for any Notes or Treasury Consideration, as applicable, in accordance with Section 4.01 hereof and (C) any Notes or Treasury Consideration, as applicable, delivered in exchange for any Treasury Securities in accordance with Section 4.02 hereof, in each case that have been Transferred to or otherwise received by the Collateral Agent and not released by the Collateral Agent to such Holders under the provisions of this Agreement;

 

(iii) the Collateral Account and all securities, financial assets, security entitlements, cash and other property credited thereto and all Security Entitlements related thereto;

 

(iv) upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption, the Treasury Portfolio Transferred to the Collateral Account;

 

(v) all Proceeds of the foregoing; and

 

(vi) all powers and rights now owned or hereafter acquired under or with respect to any of the foregoing (all of the foregoing, collectively, the “Collateral”).

 

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(b) Prior to or concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent, on behalf of the initial Holders of the Units, shall cause the Notes comprising a part of the Normal Units, which will be subject to the Pledge set forth in this Section 2.01, to be Transferred to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company.

 

(c) The pledge provided in this Section 2.01 is herein referred to as the “Pledge” and the Notes (including any Notes that are delivered pursuant to Section 6.02 hereof), Treasury Consideration and Treasury Securities subject to the Pledge, excluding any Notes, Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities released from the Pledge as provided in Sections 4.01, 4.02 and 4.03 hereof, respectively, are hereinafter referred to as “Pledged Notes,” “Pledged Treasury Consideration” and “Pledged Treasury Securities,” respectively. Subject to the Pledge and the provisions of Section 2.02 hereof, the Holders from time to time shall have full beneficial ownership of the Collateral. For purposes of perfecting the Pledge under applicable law, including, to the extent applicable, the TRADES Regulations or the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted and in effect in any applicable jurisdiction, the Collateral Agent shall be the agent of the Company as provided herein. Whenever directed by the Collateral Agent acting on behalf of the Company, the Securities Intermediary shall have the right to reregister in its name the Notes or any other securities held in physical form.

 

(d) Except as may be required in order to release Notes or Treasury Consideration, as applicable, in connection with a Special Event Redemption or with a Holder’s election to convert its investment from a Normal Unit to a Stripped Unit, or except as may be required in order to release Treasury Securities in connection with a Holder’s election to convert its investment from a Stripped Unit to a Normal Unit, or except as otherwise required to release Notes, Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities as specified herein, the Collateral Agent, shall not relinquish physical possession of any certificate evidencing Notes, Treasury Securities or Treasury Consideration, as applicable, prior to the termination of this Agreement, provided that the Collateral Agent and the Remarketing Agent shall jointly determine the process for releasing Notes in connection with a remarketing (including the timing of release thereof). If it becomes necessary for the Collateral Agent to relinquish physical possession of a certificate in order to release a portion of the Notes evidenced thereby from the Pledge, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to arrange for the Securities Intermediary to obtain physical possession of a replacement certificate evidencing any Notes remaining subject to the Pledge hereunder registered to the Securities Intermediary or endorsed in blank (or accompanied by a bond power endorsed in blank) within fifteen calendar days of the date the Securities Intermediary relinquished possession. The Securities Intermediary shall promptly notify the Company and the Collateral Agent of its inability to obtain possession of any such replacement certificate as required hereby.

 

(e) Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, for avoidance of doubt, (i) interest payments on the Notes and (ii) after a Special Event Redemption, the periodic payments with respect to the Treasury Consideration (as specified in clauses (i)(B) and (ii)(B) of the definition of Treasury Consideration) that are a part of the Normal Units to Holders of Normal Units shall not be subject to the Pledge and therefore are not part of the Collateral.

 

SECTION 2.02. Delivery, Control and Perfection. (a) The Purchase Contract Agent shall immediately deliver to the Collateral Agent all certificates or instruments

 

5


representing the Collateral accompanied by stock or bond powers duly executed in blank or other instruments of reasonable satisfaction to the Collateral Agent.

 

(b) Except as provided in Section 5.01, at all times prior to the termination of the Pledge, the Collateral Agent shall have sole control of the Collateral Account, and the Securities Intermediary shall take instructions and directions with respect to the Collateral Account solely from the Collateral Agent. In connection with the Pledge granted in Section 2.01, and subject to the other provisions of this Agreement, the Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, hereby authorize and direct the Securities Intermediary (without the necessity of obtaining the further consent of the Purchase Contract Agent or any of the Holders), and the Securities Intermediary agrees, to comply with and follow any instructions and entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the Code) that the Collateral Agent may deliver pursuant to the terms hereof or upon the written direction of the Company with respect to the Collateral Account, the Collateral credited thereto and any Security Entitlements with respect thereto. Such instructions and entitlement orders may, without limitation, direct the Securities Intermediary to transfer, redeem, assign, or otherwise deliver the Notes, the Treasury Consideration and the Treasury Securities, and any Security Entitlements with respect thereto, or sell, liquidate or dispose of such assets through a broker designated by the Company, and to pay and deliver any income, proceeds or other funds derived therefrom to the Company. The Collateral Agent shall be the agent of the Company and shall act only in accordance with the terms hereof or as otherwise directed in writing by the Company. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall issue entitlement orders to the Securities Intermediary when and as required by the terms hereof or as otherwise directed in writing by the Company.

 

(c) The Securities Intermediary hereby confirms and agrees that:

 

(i) all securities or other property underlying any financial assets credited to the Collateral Account shall be registered in the name of the Securities Intermediary, or its nominee, endorsed to the Securities Intermediary, or its nominee, or in blank or credited to another Collateral Account maintained in the name of the Securities Intermediary and in no case will any financial asset credited to the Collateral Account be registered in the name of the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Company or any Holder, payable to the order of, or specially endorsed to, the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Company or any Holder except to the extent the foregoing have been specially endorsed to the Securities Intermediary or in blank;

 

(ii) all property delivered to the Securities Intermediary pursuant to this Agreement (including, without limitation, any Notes, Treasury Consideration or Treasury Securities) will be promptly credited to the Collateral Account;

 

(iii) the Collateral Account is an account to which financial assets are or may be credited, and the Securities Intermediary shall, subject to the terms of this Agreement, treat the Purchase Contract Agent as entitled to exercise the rights of any financial asset credited to the Collateral Account;

 

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(iv) the Securities Intermediary has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with any other Person relating to the Collateral Account or any financial assets credited thereto pursuant to which it has agreed to comply with entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the Code) of such other Person; and

 

(v) the Securities Intermediary has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with the Company, the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract Agent purporting to limit or condition the obligation of the Securities Intermediary to comply with entitlement orders as set forth in this Section 2.02 hereof.

 

(d) The Securities Intermediary hereby agrees that each item of property (whether investment property, financial asset, security, instrument or cash) credited to the Collateral Account shall be treated as a “financial asset” within the meaning of Section 8-102(a)(9) of the Code.

 

(e) In the event of any conflict between this Agreement (or any portion thereof) and any other agreement now existing or hereafter entered into, the terms of this Agreement, as may be amended pursuant to Article IX hereof, shall prevail.

 

(f) The Purchase Contract Agent hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the Collateral Agent and the Company, with full power of substitution, as the Purchase Contract Agent’s attorney-in-fact to take on behalf of, and in the name, place and stead of the Purchase Contract Agent and the Holders, any action necessary or desirable to perfect and to keep perfected the security interest in the Collateral referred to in Section 2.01. The grant of such power-of-attorney shall not be deemed to require of the Collateral Agent any specific duties or obligations not otherwise assumed by the Collateral Agent hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary or the Purchase Contract Agent be responsible for the preparation or filing of any financing or continuation statements in the appropriate jurisdictions or responsible for maintenance or perfection of any security interest hereunder.

 

(g) The Purchase Contract Agent shall file with the United States Internal Revenue Service (and deliver to the Holders) Forms 1099 (or successor or comparable forms), to the extent required by law, with respect to payments to the Holders.

 

ARTICLE III

 

Payments on Collateral

 

SECTION 3.01. Payments. So long as the Purchase Contract Agent is the registered owner of the Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, it shall receive all payments thereon. If the Pledged Notes are reregistered such that the Collateral Agent becomes the registered holder, all payments of the principal of, or interest or other amounts on, the Pledged Notes and all payments of the principal of, or cash distributions

 

7


on, any Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, that are received by the Collateral Agent and that are properly payable hereunder shall be paid by the Collateral Agent by wire transfer in same day funds:

 

(i) in the case of (A) any interest payments with respect to the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration (including as specified in clauses (i)(B) or (ii)(B) of the definition of Treasury Consideration), as the case may be, with respect to Normal Units and (B) any payments with respect to any Notes or Treasury Consideration (including as specified in clauses (i)(A) or (ii)(A) of the definition of Treasury Consideration), as the case may be, that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to Section 4.03 hereof, to the Purchase Contract Agent, for the benefit of the relevant Holders, to the account designated by the Purchase Contract Agent for such purpose no later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment or payment instructions are received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day);

 

(ii) in the case of any payments with respect to any Treasury Securities that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to Section 4.03 hereof to the Holders of the Stripped Units, to the accounts and in such amounts designated by the Purchase Contract Agent (subject to the Purchase Contract Agent receiving such information from the relevant Holders) in writing for such purpose no later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment or payment instructions are received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 12:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day); and

 

(iii) in the case of payments in respect of any Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration (as specified in clauses (i)(A) and (ii)(A) of the definition of Treasury Consideration) or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, to be paid upon settlement of such Holder’s obligations to purchase Ordinary Shares under the Purchase Contract, to the Company on the Stock Purchase Date in accordance with the procedure set forth in Section 4.05(a) or 4.05(b) hereof, in full satisfaction of the respective obligations of the Holders under the related Purchase Contracts and, to the extent such payments exceed the Purchase Price, to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders.

 

SECTION 3.02. Application of Payments. All payments received by the Purchase Contract Agent as provided herein shall be applied by the Purchase Contract Agent pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Purchase Contract Agent shall receive any payments of principal on account of any Notes or Treasury Consideration (as specified in clauses (i)(A) and (ii)(A) of the definition of Treasury Consideration), as applicable, that, at the time of such payments, are Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration (which, shall be as specified in clauses (i)(A) and (ii)(A) of the definition of Treasury Consideration), as the case may be, or a Holder of a Stripped Unit

 

8


shall receive any payments of principal on account of any Treasury Securities that, at the time of such payment, are Pledged Treasury Securities, the Purchase Contract Agent or such Holder shall hold the same as trustee of an express trust for the benefit of the Company (and promptly deliver the same over to the Company) for application to the obligations of the Holders under the related Purchase Contracts, and the Holders shall acquire no right, title or interest in any such payments of principal so received, except as provided herein.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

Substitution, Release, Repledge and Settlement of Notes

 

SECTION 4.01. Collateral Substitution and the Creation of Stripped Units. (a) At any time on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, a Holder of Normal Units shall have the right to substitute Treasury Securities for the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, securing such Holder’s obligations under the Purchase Contracts comprising a part of such Normal Units, in integral multiples of 40 Normal Units, or after a Special Event Redemption, in integral multiples of Normal Units so that Treasury Securities to be deposited and the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000, by (a) Transferring to the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of such Normal Units and (b) delivering such Normal Units to the Purchase Contract Agent, accompanied by a notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, to the Purchase Contract Agent, with a copy of such notice to the Company, stating that such Holder has Transferred Treasury Securities to the Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 4.01 (stating the principal amount, the maturities and the CUSIP numbers of the Treasury Securities Transferred by such Holder) and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release from the Pledge the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration related to such Normal Units, whereupon the Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, with a copy of such instruction to the Company, in the form provided in Exhibit A. Upon receipt of Treasury Securities from a Holder of Normal Units and the related instruction from the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration and shall promptly Transfer such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent. All items Transferred or substituted by any Holder pursuant to this Section 4.01, Section 4.02 or any other Section of this Agreement shall be Transferred or substituted free and clear of all liens, claims and encumbrances, except as otherwise set forth herein.

 

(b) Holders who elect to separate the Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, from the related Purchase Contract and to substitute Treasury Securities for such Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable to the Collateral Agent for its services as Collateral Agent in respect of the substitution, and the Company shall not be responsible for any such fees or expenses.

 

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SECTION 4.02. Collateral Substitution and the Re-creation of Normal Units. (a) At any time on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, a Holder of Stripped Units shall have the right to reestablish Normal Units (i) consisting of the Purchase Contracts and Notes in integral multiples of 40 Normal Units or (ii) after a Special Event Redemption, consisting of the Purchase Contracts and the Treasury Consideration (identified and calculated by reference to the Treasury Consideration then comprising Normal Units) or the appropriate portion of the Treasury Portfolio in integral multiples of Stripped Units so that the Treasury Consideration to be deposited and the Treasury Securities to be released are in integral multiples of $1,000, by (x) Transferring to the Collateral Agent Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, then comprising such number of Normal Units as is equal to such Stripped Units and (y) delivering such Stripped Units to the Purchase Contract Agent, accompanied by a notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, to the Purchase Contract Agent, with a copy of such notice to the Company, stating that such Holder has transferred Notes or Treasury Consideration to the Collateral Agent pursuant to this Section 4.02 and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release from the Pledge the Pledged Treasury Securities related to such Stripped Units, whereupon the Purchase Contract Agent shall give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, with a copy of such instruction to the Company, in the form provided in Exhibit A. Upon receipt of the Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, from such Holder and the instruction from the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Treasury Securities and shall promptly Transfer such Treasury Securities, free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

(b) Holders of Stripped Units who reestablish Normal Units shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable to the Collateral Agent for its services as Collateral Agent in respect of the substitution, and the Company shall not be responsible for any such fees or expenses.

 

SECTION 4.03. Termination Event. (a) Upon receipt by the Collateral Agent of written notice from the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent that there has occurred a Termination Event and identifying the nature of the Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release all Collateral from the Pledge and shall promptly Transfer any Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, and Pledged Treasury Securities to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders of the Normal Units and the Stripped Units, respectively, free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest or other interest created in favor of the Collateral Agent hereby.

 

(b) If such Termination Event shall result from any of the Company, Lazard Group or Lazard Group Finance becoming a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or, in the case of the Company, becoming subject to a petition under clause (ii) of the definition of Bankruptcy Law (for the purposes of this Section 4.03(b), a “bankruptcy event”), and if the Collateral Agent shall fail for any reason to promptly effectuate, the release and Transfer of all Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided by this Section 4.03, the Purchase Contract Agent, shall:

 

(i) use its best efforts to obtain, at the expense of the Company, an opinion of a nationally recognized law firm reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent to the effect

 

10


that, as a result of such bankruptcy event, the Collateral Agent will not be prohibited from releasing or Transferring the Collateral as provided in this Section 4.03 and shall deliver such opinion to the Collateral Agent within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event, and if (A) the Purchase Contract Agent shall be unable to obtain such opinion within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event or (B) the Collateral Agent shall continue, after delivery of such opinion, to refuse to effectuate the release and Transfer of all Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided in this Section 4.03, then the Purchase Contract Agent shall within fifteen days after the occurrence of such Termination Event commence an action or proceeding in the court having jurisdiction of such bankruptcy event, seeking an order requiring the Collateral Agent to effectuate the release and transfer of all Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided by this Section 4.03; or

 

(ii) commence an action or proceeding like that described in subsection (i)(B) hereof within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event.

 

SECTION 4.04. Early Settlement; Merger Early Settlement; Cash Settlement. Upon written notice to the Collateral Agent by the Purchase Contract Agent that one or more Holders of Units have elected to effect Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement or Cash Settlement of their respective obligations under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of such Units in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contracts and the Purchase Contract Agreement (setting forth the number of such Purchase Contracts as to which such Holders have elected to effect Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement or Cash Settlement), and that the Purchase Contract Agent has received from such Holders, and paid to the Company as confirmed by written notice to the Collateral Agent by the Company, the related Early Settlement Amounts, Merger Early Settlement Amounts or Cash Settlement Amounts, as the case may be, pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Contracts and the Purchase Contract Agreement and that all conditions to such Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement or Cash Settlement, as the case may be, have been satisfied, then the Collateral Agent shall release from the Pledge (a) Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, in the case of a Holder of Normal Units or (b) Pledged Treasury Securities, in the case of a Holder of Stripped Units, identified by the Purchase Contract Agent as relating to such Purchase Contracts as to which such Holders have paid such Early Settlement Amounts, Merger Early Settlement Amounts or Cash Settlement Amounts, and shall Transfer all such Pledged Notes, Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, free and clear of the Pledge created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders.

 

SECTION 4.05. Remarketing; Application of Proceeds; Settlement. (a) Pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent shall notify, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Remarketing Date, the Remarketing Agent and the Collateral Agent of the aggregate principal amount of Notes comprising part of Normal Units to be remarketed. The Remarketing Agent and the Collateral Agent shall jointly determine the process for releasing Pledged Notes subject to remarketing. Pledged Notes not subject to remarketing shall be released to the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement promptly following such time as the Collateral Agent determines that such Pledged Securities are no longer subject to the security

 

11


interest created hereunder (or are being disposed of to satisfy such secured obligations), subject to Section 4.05(c).

 

(b) Upon completion of a successful remarketing, after deducting as the remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the Remarketing Value of such Pledged Notes, the Remarketing Agent will deliver the proceeds of such remarketing to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company to be held in trust for the Company. Upon receipt of the proceeds following a successful remarketing, (i) the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, shall thereupon apply such proceeds in an amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the related Normal Units in direct settlement and satisfaction in full of such Normal Units Holders’ obligations to pay to the Company the Purchase Price under the Purchase Contracts on the Stock Purchase Date and (ii) the remaining portion, if any, of the proceeds of such successful remarketing shall be distributed by the Remarketing Agent to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment on a pro rata basis to such Normal Units Holders participating in such remarketing.

 

(c) The Remarketing Agent shall agree to make one or more attempts to remarket the Notes in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Remarketing Agreement between the Remarketing Date and the last Subsequent Remarketing Date. If by 4:00 p.m., New York City time, on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date the Remarketing Agent has failed to remarket the Notes at a price equal to 100.5% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes participating in the remarketing, the Last Failed Remarketing shall be deemed to have occurred. In this case, the Remarketing Agent will agree to advise the Collateral Agent in writing that it cannot remarket the related Pledged Notes of such Holders of Normal Units. The Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company will, at the written direction of the Company, deliver or dispose of the Pledged Notes in accordance with the Company’s written instructions to satisfy in full, from any such disposition or retention, such Holders’ obligations to pay the Purchase Price for the Ordinary Shares (provided that any accumulated and unpaid interest on such Notes will remain payable by the Company to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the Holder of the Normal Units to which such Notes relate in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement).

 

(d) In the event a Holder of Stripped Units has not made an Early Settlement, Merger Early Settlement or Cash Settlement of the Purchase Contracts underlying its Stripped Units, such Holder shall be deemed to have elected to pay for the shares of Common Stock to be issued under such Purchase Contracts from the payments received in respect of the related Pledged Treasury Securities. Without receiving any instruction from any such Holder of Stripped Units, the Collateral Agent shall apply such payments to the Company in settlement of such Purchase Contracts on the Stock Purchase Date pursuant to written instructions from the Purchase Contract Agent. In the event the payments received in respect of the related Pledged Treasury Securities are in excess of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Purchase Contracts being settled thereby, the Collateral Agent shall distribute such excess, when received, to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to such Holders of Stripped Units.

 

(e) Pursuant to the Remarketing Agreement and the Purchase Contract Agreement, on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, but no earlier than the sixteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase

 

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Date, holders of Separate Notes may elect to have their Separate Notes remarketed by delivering their Separate Notes, together with a notice of such election, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, to the Custodial Agent. On the second Business Day immediately prior to the Remarketing Date, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, the Custodial Agent shall notify the Remarketing Agent of the aggregate principal amount of such Separate Notes to be remarketed. The Custodial Agent will hold such Separate Notes in an account separate from the Collateral Account. A holder of Separate Notes electing to have its Separate Notes remarketed also will have the right to withdraw such election by written notice to the Custodial Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, on or prior to the thirteenth Business Day immediately preceding the Stock Purchase Date, upon which notice the Custodial Agent will return such Separate Notes to such holder. The Remarketing Agent and the Custodial Agent shall jointly determine the process for releasing such Separate Notes to the Remarketing Agent. In the event of a successful remarketing, after deducting as the remarketing fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (0.25%) of the Remarketing Value of such Separate Notes, the Remarketing Agent will remit to the Custodial Agent, for the benefit of the holders of such Separate Notes, the portion of the proceeds from such remarketing equal to the amount calculated in respect of such Separate Notes as set forth in Section 50.4(b) of the Purchase Contract Agreement. For purposes of this Section 4.05(d), a “holder” of Separate Notes shall mean the Person in whose name such Separate Notes are registered on the books of the registrar for the Notes.

 

ARTICLE V

 

Voting Rights — Notes

 

SECTION 5.01. Exercise by Purchase Contract Agent. The Purchase Contract Agent may exercise, or refrain from exercising, any and all voting and other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Notes, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 4.02 of the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

ARTICLE VI

 

Rights and Remedies; Special Event Redemption

 

SECTION 6.01. Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent. (a) In addition to the rights and remedies available at law or in equity, after an event of default under any of the Purchase Contracts by a Holder thereof, the Collateral Agent shall have all of the rights and remedies with respect to the Collateral of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code (or any successor thereto) as in effect in the State of New York from time to time (the “Code”) (whether or not the Code is in effect in the jurisdiction where the rights and remedies are asserted) and the TRADES Regulations and such additional rights and remedies to which a secured party is entitled under the laws in effect in any jurisdiction where any rights and remedies hereunder may be asserted. Wherever reference is made in this Agreement to any section of the Code, such reference shall be deemed to include a reference to any provision of the Code which is a successor to, or amendment of, such section. Without limiting the generality of

 

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the foregoing, such remedies may include, to the extent permitted by applicable law, at the direction of the Company (i) retention of the Pledged Notes or other Collateral in full satisfaction of the Holders’ obligations under the Purchase Contracts or (ii) sale of the Pledged Notes or other Collateral in one or more public or private sales or otherwise at the written direction of the Company.

 

(b) Without limiting any rights or powers otherwise granted by this Agreement to the Collateral Agent, in the event the Collateral Agent is unable to make payments to the Company on account of any Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities as provided in Article III hereof in full satisfaction of the obligations of the Holder of the Units of which such Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, as applicable, is a part under the related Purchase Contracts, any such inability to make a payment shall constitute an event of default under the Purchase Contracts and the Collateral Agent shall have and may exercise, with reference to such Pledged Treasury Securities or such Pledged Treasury Consideration, as applicable, and such obligations of such Holder, any and all of the rights and remedies available to a secured party under the Code and the TRADES Regulations after default by a debtor, and as otherwise granted herein or under any other law.

 

(c) Without limiting any rights or powers otherwise granted by this Agreement to the Collateral Agent, the Collateral Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized to receive and collect all payments of (i) the principal amount of, or interest on, the Pledged Notes, or (ii) the principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Consideration or Pledged Treasury Securities, subject, in each case, to the provisions of Article III.

 

(d) The Purchase Contract Agent, individually and as attorney-in-fact for each Holder of Units, agrees that, from time to time, upon the written request of the Company or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the Company), the Purchase Contract Agent or such Holder shall execute and deliver such further documents and do such other acts and things as may be necessary, including as the Company or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the Company) may reasonably request in order to maintain the Pledge, and the perfection and priority thereof, and to confirm the rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder. The Purchase Contract Agent shall have no liability to any Holder for executing any documents or taking any such acts requested by the Company or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the Company) hereunder, except for liability for its own grossly negligent act, its own grossly negligent failure to act, its own bad faith or its own willful misconduct.

 

SECTION 6.02. Substitutions. Whenever a Holder has the right to substitute Treasury Securities, Notes, or Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, for Collateral held by the Collateral Agent, such substitution shall not constitute a novation of the security interest created hereby.

 

SECTION 6.03. Special Event Redemption. Upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption prior to the Stock Purchase Date and the receipt of the Redemption Price of the Pledged Notes by the Collateral Agent, the Collateral Agent will, at the written direction of the Company, apply the Redemption Price to purchase on behalf of the Holders of Normal Units the Treasury Portfolio. The Collateral Agent shall Transfer the Treasury Portfolio to the Collateral Account to secure the obligation of all Holders of Normal Units to purchase Ordinary

 

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Shares of the Company under the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of such Normal Units, in substitution for the Pledged Notes. Thereafter, the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Treasury Portfolio as it had in respect of the Pledged Notes as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V and VI, and any reference herein to the Notes shall be deemed to be reference to such Treasury Portfolio, and any reference herein to interest on the Notes shall be deemed to be a reference to corresponding distributions on such Treasury Portfolio. Upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption and the satisfaction of all terms and conditions related thereto as forth in the Indenture, including receipt of the Redemption Price, the Collateral Agent shall be authorized to surrender the Notes in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture.

 

SECTION 6.04. Cash Received from Holders of Normal Units not Participating in the Remarketing. If a Holder of Normal Units shall opt not to participate in the remarketing in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement and upon the receipt by the Collateral Agent of the Cash Consideration paid by such Holder sufficient to satisfy the Holder’s obligations to the Company under the related Purchase Contracts in full, the Collateral Agent shall transfer such Cash Consideration to the Collateral Account to secure and be applied in direct settlement and satisfaction in full of the obligations of such Holder to purchase Ordinary Shares of the Company under the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of such Normal Units. Thereupon, the Collateral Agent shall deliver the related Pledged Notes to the Purchase Contract Agent on the Business Day immediately preceding the first day of the Remarketing Period, free and clear of any lien, claim and security interest created hereby. Thereafter, such Units will be Stripped Units and the Collateral Agent shall have a first priority perfected security interest in such Cash Consideration paid by such Holder. In such event, all references in this Agreement, including for purposes of Section 4.03, to the Treasury Securities or Pledged Treasury Securities shall be deemed to include such Cash Consideration (the Cash Consideration subject to the Pledge referred to as the “Pledged Cash Consideration”) or Pledged Cash Consideration, as the case may be, in addition to the Treasury Securities or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, with respect to the applicable Units.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

Representations and Warranties; Covenants

 

SECTION 7.01. Representations and Warranties of the Holders. The Holders from time to time, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable for any representation or warranty made by or on behalf of a Holder), hereby represent and warrant to the Collateral Agent, which representations and warranties shall be deemed repeated on each day a Holder Transfers Collateral, and on each day a person becomes a Holder, that:

 

(a) such Holder has the power to grant a security interest in and lien on the Collateral;

 

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(b) such Holder is the sole beneficial owner of the Collateral and, in the case of Collateral delivered in physical form, is the sole holder of such Collateral and is the sole beneficial owner of, or has the right to Transfer, the Collateral it Transfers to the Collateral Agent, free and clear of any security interest, lien, encumbrance, call, liability to pay money or other restriction other than the security interest and lien granted under Section 2.01;

 

(c) upon the Transfer of the Collateral to the Collateral Account, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, will have a valid and perfected first priority security interest therein (assuming that any central clearing operation or any Intermediary or other entity not within the control of the Holder involved in the Transfer of the Collateral, including the Collateral Agent, gives the notices and takes the action required of it hereunder and under applicable law for perfection of that interest and assuming the establishment and exercise of control pursuant to Section 2.02); and

 

(d) the execution and performance by the Holder of its obligations under this Agreement will not result in the creation of any security interest, lien or other encumbrance on the Collateral other than the security interest and lien granted under Section 2.01 or violate any provision of any existing law or regulation applicable to it or of any mortgage, charge, pledge, indenture, contract or undertaking to which it is a party or which is binding on it or any of its assets.

 

SECTION 7.02. Representations and Warranties of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary. Each of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary (each an “Agent”) hereby represents and warrants:

 

(a) such Agent is a national banking association duly organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America;

 

(b) the Securities Intermediary is a “securities intermediary” as defined in Article 8-102(a)(14) of the Code and the Collateral Account is a “securities account” as such term is defined in Section 8-501(a) of the Code;

 

(c) the execution, delivery and performance by such Agent of this Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of such Agent; this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Agent and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of such Agent, enforceable against such Agent in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles;

 

(d) the execution, delivery and performance by such Agent of this Agreement does not violate or constitute a breach of the Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws of such Agent; and

 

(e) no consent of any federal or state banking authority having regulatory authority over such Agent in its individual capacity is required for the execution and

 

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delivery of, or performance by its Agent of its respective obligations under, this Agreement.

 

SECTION 7.03. Covenants. The Holders from time to time, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable for any covenant made by or on behalf of a Holder), hereby covenant to the Collateral Agent that for so long as the Collateral remains subject to the Pledge:

 

(a) neither the Purchase Contract Agent nor such Holders will create or purport to create or allow to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or any other security interest whatsoever over the Collateral or any part of it other than pursuant to this Agreement; and

 

(b) neither the Purchase Contract Agent nor such Holders will sell or otherwise dispose (or attempt to dispose) of the Collateral or any part of it except for the beneficial interest therein, subject to the pledge hereunder, transferred in connection with the Transfer of the Units.

 

ARTICLE VIII

 

The Agents

 

SECTION 8.01. Appointment, Powers and Immunities. (a) Each Agent shall act as agent for the Company hereunder with such powers as are specifically vested in such Agent by the terms of this Agreement, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. Each Agent:

 

(i) shall have no duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and no implied covenants or obligations shall be inferred from this Agreement against any of them, nor shall any of them be bound by the provisions of any agreement by any party hereto beyond the specific terms hereof;

 

(ii) shall not be responsible for any recitals contained in this Agreement, or in any certificate or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by it under, this Agreement, the Units or the Purchase Contract Agreement, or for the value, validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement (other than as against such Agent), the Units or the Purchase Contract Agreement or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or for any failure by the Company or any other Person (except such Agent) to perform any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder or, except as expressly required hereby, for the existence, validity, perfection, priority or maintenance of any security interest created hereunder;

 

(iii) shall not be required to initiate or conduct any litigation or collection proceedings hereunder (except in the case of the Collateral Agent, pursuant to written directions furnished under Section 8.02 hereof, subject to Section 8.06 hereof);

 

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(iv) shall not be responsible for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it hereunder or under any other document or instrument referred to or provided for herein or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct;

 

(v) shall not be required to advise any party as to selling or retaining, or taking or refraining from taking any action with respect to, the Units or other property deposited hereunder;

 

(vi) may perform any of their duties hereunder directly or by or through agents or attorneys appointed with due care;

 

(vii) shall be entitled to consult with counsel and to act in full reliance upon the advice of such counsel concerning matters pertaining to the agencies created hereby and its duties hereunder, and shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and in reliance upon and in accordance with the reasonable advice of counsel selected by it;

 

(viii) shall not be liable with respect to any action taken by it in good faith in accordance with any direction of the Company or its agents except for its own gross negligence or willful misconduct; and

 

(ix) shall not be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of services contemplated by this Agreement.

 

Subject to the foregoing, during the term of this Agreement, each Agent, in connection with the safekeeping and preservation of the Collateral hereunder, shall use the same standard of care it applies for similar property held for its own account.

 

(b) No provision of this Agreement shall require any Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder. In no event shall any Agent be liable for any amount in excess of the value of the Collateral. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Agent in its individual capacity, hereby waive any right of set-off, banker’s lien, liens or perfection rights as securities intermediary or any counterclaim with respect to any of the Collateral.

 

(c) No Agent shall have any liability whatsoever for the action or inaction of any Clearing Agency or any book-entry system thereof. In no event shall any Clearing Agency or any book-entry system thereof be deemed an agent or subcustodian of any Agent.

 

SECTION 8.02. Instructions of the Company. The Company shall have the right, by one or more instruments in writing executed and delivered to the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for the realization of any right or remedy available to the

 

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Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, or of exercising any power conferred on the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, or to direct the taking or refraining from taking of any action authorized by this Agreement; provided that (i) such direction shall be in writing and shall not conflict with the provisions of any law or of this Agreement and (ii) the applicable Agent shall receive indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it as provided herein. Nothing in this Section 8.02 shall impair the right of each Agent in its discretion to take any action or omit to take any action which it deems proper and which is not inconsistent with such direction.

 

SECTION 8.03. Reliance. Each Agent, in absence of bad faith, shall be entitled conclusively to rely upon any certification, order, judgment, instructions, opinion, notice or other communication (including, without limitation, any thereof by telephone or facsimile) reasonably believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by or on behalf of the proper Person or Persons (without being required to determine the correctness of any fact stated therein), and upon advice and written statements of legal counsel and other experts selected by such Agent. As to any matters not expressly provided for by this Agreement, each Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, hereunder in accordance with written instructions given by the Company in accordance with this Agreement.

 

SECTION 8.04. Rights in Other Capacities. Each Agent and its affiliates may (without having to account therefor to the Company) accept deposits from, lend money to, make their investments in and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other business with the Purchase Contract Agent, any Holder of Units and any holder of Separate Notes (and any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) as if it were not acting as such Agent, and each Agent and its affiliates may accept fees and other consideration from the Purchase Contract Agent, any Holder of Units or any holder of Separate Notes without having to account for the same to the Company; provided that each Agent covenants and agrees with the Company that it shall not accept, receive or permit there to be created in favor of itself (and waives any right of set-off or banker’s lien with respect to) and shall take no affirmative action to permit there to be created in favor of any other Person, any security interest, lien or other encumbrance of any kind in or upon the Collateral and the Collateral shall not be commingled with any other assets of any such Person.

 

SECTION 8.05. Non-reliance on Collateral Agent. None of the Agents shall be required to keep itself informed as to the performance or observance by the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder of Units of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Units or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or to inspect the properties or books of the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder of Units. None of the Agents shall have any duty or responsibility to provide the Company or the Remarketing Agent with any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial condition or business of the Purchase Contract Agent, any Holder of Units or any holder of Separate Notes (or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) that may come into its possession or any of its affiliates.

 

SECTION 8.06. Compensation and Indemnity. The Company agrees:

 

(a) to pay each Agent from time to time such compensation as shall be agreed in writing between the Company and such Agent for all services rendered by it hereunder; and

 

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(b) to indemnify the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary and their officers, directors and agents for, and to hold each of them harmless from and against, any loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense incurred without negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its powers and duties under this Agreement, including the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel) of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of such powers and duties or collecting such amounts. Each Agent shall promptly notify the Company of any third party claim which may give rise to the indemnity hereunder and give the Company the opportunity to control the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, provided no conflict of interest exists (if such a conflict of interests exists, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary collectively will be entitled to one separate counsel payable by the Company), and if the Company so elects to assume such defense, the Company shall in good faith defend the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary (in which case all attorney’s fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company). No compromise or settlement of any claims may be effected by any party without the other parties’ consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld) unless (i) there is no finding or omission of any violation of law and no effect on any other claims that may be made against any of such other parties and (ii) the sole relief provided is monetary damages that are paid in full by the party seeking the compromise or settlement. The provisions of this Section 8.06(b) shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of any of the Agents.

 

SECTION 8.07. Failure to Act. In the event of any ambiguity in the provisions of this Agreement or any dispute between or conflicting claims by or among the parties hereto or any other Person with respect to any funds or property deposited hereunder, each Agent shall be entitled, after prompt notice to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, at its sole option, to refuse to comply with any and all claims, demands or instructions with respect to such property or funds so long as such dispute or conflict shall continue, and no Agent shall be or become liable in any way to any of the parties hereto for its failure or refusal to comply with such conflicting claims, demands or instructions. Each Agent shall be entitled to refuse to act until either (i) such conflicting or adverse claims or demands shall have been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or settled by agreement between the conflicting parties as evidenced in a writing, reasonably satisfactory to such Agent, or (ii) such Agent shall have received security or an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it sufficient to save such Agent harmless from and against any and all loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense which such Agent may incur by reason of its acting without bad faith, willful misconduct or negligence. Each Agent may, but shall not be required, in addition elect to commence an interpleader action or seek other judicial relief or orders at the expense of the Company as such Agent may deem necessary. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no Agent shall be required to take any action that is in the reasonable opinion of its counsel contrary to law or to the terms of this Agreement, or which would in its reasonable opinion subject it or any of its officers, employees or directors to liability.

 

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SECTION 8.08. Resignation; Replacement of Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent or Securities Intermediary. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Agent, as provided below, (a) any Agent may resign at any time by giving notice thereof to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent as attorney-in-fact for the Holders of Units, (b) any Agent may be removed at any time by the Company (with or without cause) by notice to the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary and (c) if any Agent fails to perform any of its material obligations hereunder in any material respect for a period of not less than 20 days after receiving written notice of such failure by the Purchase Contract Agent and such failure shall be continuing, such Agent may be removed by the Purchase Contract Agent (including with respect to other Agent responsibilities). The Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly notify the Company of any removal of an Agent pursuant to clause (c) of the immediately preceding sentence. Upon notice of any such resignation or removal, the Company shall have the right to appoint a successor Agent. If no successor Agent shall have been so appointed and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after any notice of such resignation or such removal, then the retiring Agent may at the Company’s expense petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Agent. Upon removal of an Agent, no fees paid to the retiring Agent pursuant to Section 8.06(a) of this Agreement shall be refunded. Each successor Agent shall be a financial institution which has an office or agency in New York, New York with a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 or any affiliate of a financial institution having such capital and surplus. Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Agent hereunder by a successor Agent, such successor shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Agent, and the retiring Agent, upon payment of any of its unpaid fees and expenses, shall take all appropriate action to transfer any money and property held by it hereunder (including the Collateral) to such successor. The retiring Agent shall, upon such succession, be discharged from its duties and obligations as such Agent hereunder. After any retiring Agent’s resignation hereunder as Agent, the provisions of this Section 8.08 and Section 8.06 hereof, shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as such Agent. Any resignation or removal of the Collateral Agent hereunder shall be deemed for all purposes of this Agreement as the simultaneous resignation or removal of the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary hereunder.

 

So long as it meets the requirements of this Section 8.08, any corporation into which the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, in its individual capacity, may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Collateral Agent in its individual capacity shall be a party, or any corporation to which substantially all the corporate trust business of the Collateral Agent in its individual capacity may be transferred, shall be the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, respectively, under this Agreement without further act.

 

SECTION 8.09. Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor. The Collateral Agent shall have the right to appoint agents or advisors in connection with any of its duties hereunder, and the Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by, or in reliance upon the advice of, such agents or advisors reasonably selected in good faith. The appointment of agents

 

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(other than legal counsel) pursuant to this Section 8.09 shall be subject to prior written consent of the Company.

 

SECTION 8.10. Survival. The provisions of this Article VIII shall survive termination of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary.

 

SECTION 8.11. Exculpation. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall any of the Agents or their respective officers, employees or agents be liable under this Agreement to any third party for indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including lost profits or loss of business, relating to, arising from or in connection with this Agreement, whether or not the likelihood of such loss or damage was known to such Agent, incurred without any act or deed that is found to be attributable to negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of such Agent.

 

ARTICLE IX

 

Amendment

 

SECTION 9.01. Amendment Without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders or the holders of any Separate Notes, the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent, at any time and from time to time, may amend this Agreement, in form satisfactory to the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent, for any of the following purposes:

 

(i) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company; or

 

(ii) to add covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company so long as such covenants or such surrender do not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created hereunder; or

 

(iii) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent, Securities Intermediary or Purchase Contract Agent; or

 

(iv) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions herein which may be inconsistent with any other such provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions arising under this Agreement, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders.

 

SECTION 9.02. Amendment with Consent of Holders. With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the Purchase Contracts at the time outstanding, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Collateral Agent, as

 

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the case may be, the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary may amend this Agreement for the purpose of modifying in any manner the provisions of this Agreement or the rights of the Holders in respect of the Units, provided that no such amendment shall, as to any Holder of an Outstanding Unit affected thereby, without the consent of such Holder,

 

(i) change the amount or type of Collateral underlying a Unit (except for the rights of holders of Normal Units to substitute the Treasury Securities for the Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration, as the case may be, or the rights of Holders of Stripped Units to substitute Notes or the Treasury Consideration, as applicable, for the Pledged Treasury Securities), impair the right of the Holder of any Unit to receive distributions on the underlying Collateral or otherwise adversely affect the Holder’s rights in or to such Collateral;

 

(ii) otherwise effect any action that would require the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Unit affected thereby pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement if such action were effected by an agreement supplemental thereto; or

 

(iii) reduce the percentage of Purchase Contracts the consent of whose Holders is required for any such amendment;

 

provided that if any amendment or proposal referred to above would adversely affect only the Normal Units or the Stripped Units, then only the affected class of Holders as of the record date for the Holders entitled to vote thereon will be entitled to vote on or consent to such amendment or proposal.

 

It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

 

SECTION 9.03. Execution of Amendments. In executing any amendment permitted by this Article IX, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 8.01 hereof, with respect to the Collateral Agent, and Section 7.01 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, with respect to the Purchase Contract Agent) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and that all conditions precedent, if any, to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied and, in the case of an amendment pursuant to Section 9.01, that such amendment does not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created hereunder.

 

SECTION 9.04. Effect of Amendments. Upon the execution of any amendment under this Article IX, this Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such amendment shall form a part of this Agreement for all purposes; and every Holder of Certificates theretofore or thereafter authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered under the Purchase Contract Agreement shall be bound thereby.

 

23


SECTION 9.05. Reference to Amendments. Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered after the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Article IX may, and shall if required by the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract Agent, bear a notation in form approved by the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent as to any matter provided for in such amendment. If the Company shall so determine, new Certificates so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Collateral Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company, to any such amendment may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered by the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement in exchange for outstanding Certificates.

 

ARTICLE X

 

Miscellaneous

 

SECTION 10.01. No Waiver. No failure on the part of any party hereto or any of its agents to exercise, and no course of dealing with respect to, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by any party hereto or any of its agents of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy. The remedies herein are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.

 

SECTION 10.02. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Without limiting the foregoing, the above choice of law is expressly agreed to by the Securities Intermediary, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, in connection with the establishment and maintenance of the Collateral Account, which law, for purposes of the Code, shall be deemed to be the law governing all Security Entitlements related thereto. In addition, such parties agree that, for purposes of the Code, New York shall be the Securities Intermediary’s jurisdiction. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, hereby submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of any New York state court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City for the purposes of all legal proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which they may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

24


SECTION 10.03. Judgment Currency. The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Purchase Contract Agent could purchase in The City of New York the requisite amount of the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which a final unappealable judgment is given and (b) its obligations under this Agreement to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with clause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Agreement. For purpose of the foregoing, “New York Banking Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York or a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to be closed.

 

SECTION 10.04. Notices. Unless otherwise stated herein, all notices, requests, instructions, consents and other communications provided for herein (including, without limitation, any modifications of, or waivers or consents under, this Agreement) shall be given or made in writing (including, without limitation, by telecopy) and, if sent to the Company, will be mailed, delivered or telecopied to Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM11, Bermuda, Attention:                  (fax no.: (441)                 ), with a copy to Lazard Ltd, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York, 10020, Attention: General Counsel, telecopy:                 ; or if sent to the Purchase Contract Agent as attorney-in-fact of the Holders from time to time of the Units, will be mailed, delivered or telefaxed to                 , Attention:                  (fax no.:                 ); or if sent to the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary, will be mailed, delivered or telefaxed to                  (fax no.:                 ), or as to any party, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all such communications shall be deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or, in the case of a mailed notice or notice transmitted by telecopier, upon receipt, in each case given or addressed as aforesaid.

 

25


SECTION 10.05. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Holders from time to time of the Units, by their acceptance of the same, shall be deemed to have agreed to be bound by the provisions hereof and to have ratified the agreements of, and the grant of the Pledge hereunder by, the Purchase Contract Agent.

 

SECTION 10.06. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing any such counterpart.

 

SECTION 10.07. Severability. If any provision hereof is invalid and unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible and (ii) the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 10.08. Expenses, etc. The Company agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Custodial Agent for:

 

(a) all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and all reasonable expenses of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel to the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary), in connection with (i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery or performance of this Agreement and (ii) any modification, supplement or waiver of any of the terms of this Agreement;

 

(b) all reasonable costs and expenses of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary (including, without limitation, reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel) in connection with (i) any enforcement or proceedings resulting or incurred in connection with causing any Holder of Units to satisfy its obligations under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Units and (ii) the enforcement of this Section 10.07; and

 

(c) all transfer, stamp, documentary or other similar taxes, assessments or charges levied by any governmental or revenue authority in respect of this Agreement or any other document referred to herein and all costs, expenses, taxes, assessments and other charges, if any, incurred in connection with any filing, registration, recording or perfection of any security interest to the extent contemplated hereby.

 

SECTION 10.09. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral Agent and security interests hereunder, and all obligations of the Holders from time to time hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of:

 

(a) any lack of validity or enforceability of any provision of the Purchase Contracts or the Units or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto;

 

26


(b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or any other term of, or any increase in the amount of, all or any of the obligations of Holders of Units under the related Purchase Contracts, or any other amendment or waiver of any term of, or any consent to any departure from any requirement of, the Purchase Contract Agreement or any Purchase Contract or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto; or

 

(c) any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or discharge of, a borrower, a guarantor or a pledgor.

 

SECTION 10.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE IT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

SECTION 10.11. Incorporation by Reference. Each of the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary agrees that the Purchase Contract Agent is, in acting hereunder with respect to the Company, entitled to all rights, privileges, benefits, protections, immunities and indemnities provided to it under the Purchase Contract Agreement.

 

27


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

LAZARD LTD,

By    
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   

 

The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact of the Holders from time to time of the Units,
By    
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   
The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary,
By    
   

Name:

   
   

Title:

   

 

28


EXHIBIT A

 

INSTRUCTION FROM PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT TO COLLATERAL AGENT

 

 

Attention:                 

 

  Re:           % EQUITY SECURITY UNITS
     OF LAZARD LTD (THE “COMPANY”)

 

We hereby notify you in accordance with Section [4.01] [4.02] of the Pledge Agreement dated as of                 , 2005 (the “Pledge Agreement”), among the Company, yourselves, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary and ourselves, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the holders of [Normal Units] [Stripped Units] from time to time, that the holder of Units listed below (the “Holder”) has elected to substitute [$                 aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities (CUSIP No.                 )] [$                 aggregate principal amount of Notes or $                 aggregate principal amount of Treasury Consideration (CUSIP No.                 )] in exchange for the related [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by you in accordance with the Pledge Agreement and has delivered to us a notice stating that the Holder has Transferred [Treasury Securities] [Notes or the Treasury Consideration] to you, as Collateral Agent. We hereby instruct you, upon receipt of such [Pledged Treasury Securities] [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration], to release the [Notes or the Treasury Consideration] [Treasury Securities] related to such [Normal Units] [Stripped Units] to us in accordance with the Holder’s instructions. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement.

 

Date:                                                                  

 

The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent,

By

   
   

Name:

   

Title:

 

A-1


Please print name and address of Registered Holder electing to substitute [Treasury Securities] [Notes or Treasury Consideration] for the [Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration] [Pledged Treasury Securities]:

 

Name:

 

Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

 

Address:

 

A-2


EXHIBIT B

 

INSTRUCTION TO PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT

 

 

 

 

Attention:                 

 

  Re:           % EQUITY SECURITY UNITS
     OF LAZARD LTD (THE “COMPANY”)

 

The undersigned Holder hereby notifies you that it has delivered to                 , as Collateral Agent, [$                 aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities (CUSIP No.                 )] [$                 aggregate principal amount of Notes or $                 principal amount of Treasury Consideration (CUSIP No.                 )] in exchange for the related [Pledged Notes or Pledged Treasury Consideration] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by the Collateral Agent, in accordance with Section [4.01][4.02] of the Pledge Agreement, dated as of                 , 2005 (the “Pledge Agreement”), between you, the Company and the Collateral Agent. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to instruct the Collateral Agent to release to you on behalf of the undersigned Holder the [Pledged Notes or the Pledged Treasury Consideration] [Pledged Treasury Securities] related to such [Normal Units] [Stripped Units]. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement.

 

Date:                                              

 

Signature:                                                                                               

 

Signature Guarantee:                                                                  

 

Please print name and address of Registered Holder:

 

Name:

 

Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any:

 

Address:

 

B-1


EXHIBIT C

 

INSTRUCTION TO CUSTODIAL AGENT REGARDING REMARKETING

 

 

 

 

Attention:                 

 

  Re: NOTES OF LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

 

The undersigned hereby notifies you in accordance with Section 4.05(d) of the Pledge Agreement dated as of                 , 2005 (the “Pledge Agreement”), among Lazard Ltd, yourselves, as Collateral Agent, Securities Intermediary and Custodial Agent, and The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the Holders of Normal Units and Stripped Units from time to time, that the undersigned elects to deliver on the fourth Business Day immediately preceding the Remarketing Date commencing on                 , 2008 $                 aggregate principal amount of Notes for delivery to the Remarketing Agent for remarketing pursuant to Section 4.05(d) of the Pledge Agreement.

 

The undersigned will, upon request of the Remarketing Agent, execute and deliver any additional documents deemed by the Remarketing Agent or by the Company to be necessary or desirable to complete the sale, assignment and transfer of the Notes tendered hereby. The undersigned hereby instructs you, upon receipt of the proceeds of such remarketing from the Remarketing Agent, net of amounts payable to the Remarketing Agent in accordance with the Pledge Agreement, to deliver such proceeds to the undersigned in accordance with the instructions indicated herein under “A. Payment Instructions.” The undersigned hereby instructs you, in the event of the Last Failed Remarketing upon receipt of the Notes tendered herewith from the Remarketing Agent, to deliver such Notes to the person(s) and the address(es) indicated herein under “B. Delivery Instructions.”

 

With this notice, the undersigned hereby (i) represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to tender, sell, assign and transfer the Notes tendered hereby and that the undersigned is the record owner of any Notes tendered herewith in physical form or a participant in The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and the beneficial owner of any Notes tendered herewith by book-entry transfer to your account at DTC and (ii) agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of Section 4.05(d) of the Pledge Agreement. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement.

 

Date: 

   

Signature: 

   

Signature Guarantee: 

   

Name: 

   
   

(Please Print)

Address: 

   
   

(Please Print)

 

C-1


Zip Code:

 

Country:

 

Telecopy (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

Telephone (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

(Tax Identification or Social Security Number):

 

A. PAYMENT INSTRUCTIONS

 

Proceeds of the remarketing should be paid by check in the name of the person(s) set forth below and mailed to the address set forth below.

 

Name(s): 

   
   

(Please Print)

Address: 

   
   

(Please Print)

 

Zip Code:

 

Country:

 

Telecopy (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

Telephone (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

(Special Identification or Social Security Number):

 

B. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS

 

In the event of the Last Failed Remarketing, Notes which are in physical form should be delivered to the person(s) set forth below and mailed to the address set forth below.

 

Name(s): 

   
   

(Please Print)

Address: 

   
   

(Please Print)

 

Zip Code:

 

Country:

 

C-2


Telecopy (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

Telephone (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

(Special Identification or Social Security Number):

 

In the event of [a/the Last] Failed Remarketing, Notes which are in book-entry form should be credited to the account at The Depository Trust Company set forth below.

 

Name of Account Party:

 

DTC Account Number:

 

C-3


EXHIBIT D

 

INSTRUCTION TO CUSTODIAL AGENT REGARDING

WITHDRAWAL FROM REMARKETING

 

 

 

 

Attention:                 

 

  Re: NOTES OF LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

 

The undersigned hereby notifies you in accordance with Section 4.05(d) of Pledge Agreement dated as of                 , 2005 (the “Pledge Agreement”), among Lazard Ltd, yourselves, as Collateral Agent, Securities Intermediary and Custodial Agent, and The Bank of New York, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the Holders of Normal Units and Stripped Units from time to time, that the undersigned elects to withdraw the $                 aggregate principal amount of Notes delivered to the Custodial Agent on                 , 2008 for remarketing pursuant to Section 4.05(d) of the Pledge Agreement. The undersigned hereby instructs you to return such Notes to the undersigned in accordance with the undersigned’s instructions. With this notice, undersigned hereby agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions 4.5(d) of the Pledge Agreement. Capitalized terms used herein but shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement.

 

Date: 

   

Signature: 

   

Signature Guarantee: 

   

Name: 

   
   

(Please Print)

Address: 

   
   

(Please Print)

 

Zip Code:

 

Country:

 

Telecopy (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

Telephone (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

(Tax Identification or Social Security Number):

 

D-1


A. DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS

 

In the event of [a/the Last] Failed Remarketing, Notes which are in physical form should be delivered to the person(s) set forth below and mailed to the address set forth below.

 

Name(s): 

   
   

(Please Print)

Address: 

   
   

(Please Print)

 

Zip Code:

 

Country:

 

Telecopy (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

Telephone (include country code if outside U.S.):

 

(Special Identification or Social Security Number):

 

In the event of [a/the Last] Failed Remarketing, Notes which are in book-entry form should be credited to the account at The Depository Trust Company set forth below.

 

Name of Account Party:

 

DTC Account Number:

 

D-2

Form of Pledge Agreement

Exhibit 4.6

 


 

PLEDGE AGREEMENT

 

among

 

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC,

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,

 

as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary

 

and

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK,

 

as Trustee

 

Dated as of             , 2005

 


 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page

ARTICLE I     
Definitions     
SECTION 1.01.  

Definitions

   2
ARTICLE II     
Pledge; Control and Perfection     
SECTION 2.01.  

The Pledge

   4
SECTION 2.02.  

Delivery, Control and Perfection

   5
ARTICLE III     
Payments on Collateral     
SECTION 3.01.  

Payments

   7
SECTION 3.02.  

Application of Payments

   7
ARTICLE IV     
Voting Rights — Senior Notes     
SECTION 4.01.  

Exercise by Trustee

   8
ARTICLE V     
Rights and Remedies; Special Event Redemption; Lazard Group Merger     
SECTION 5.01.  

Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent

   8
SECTION 5.02.  

Special Event Redemption

   9
SECTION 5.03.  

Lazard Group Merger

   9
ARTICLE VI     
Representations and Warranties; Covenants     
SECTION 6.01.  

Representations and Warranties of the Company

   9
SECTION 6.02.  

Representations and Warranties of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary

   10
SECTION 6.03.  

Covenants

   10

 

i


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page

ARTICLE VII     
The Agents     
SECTION 7.01.  

Appointment, Powers and Immunities

   11
SECTION 7.02.  

Instructions of the Company

   12
SECTION 7.03.  

Reliance

   12
SECTION 7.04.  

Rights in Other Capacities

   13
SECTION 7.05.  

Non-reliance on Collateral Agent

   13
SECTION 7.06.  

Compensation and Indemnity

   13
SECTION 7.07.  

Failure to Act

   14
SECTION 7.08.  

Resignation; Replacement of Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent or Securities Intermediary

   14
SECTION 7.09.  

Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor

   15
SECTION 7.10.  

Survival

   15
SECTION 7.11.  

Exculpation

   15
ARTICLE VIII     
Amendment     
SECTION 8.01.  

Amendment Without Consent of the Holders

   16
SECTION 8.02.  

Amendment with Consent of the Holders

   16
SECTION 8.03.  

Execution of Amendments

   16
SECTION 8.04.  

Effect of Amendments

   17
SECTION 8.05.  

Reference to Amendments

   17
ARTICLE IX     
Miscellaneous     
SECTION 9.01.  

No Waiver

   17
SECTION 9.02.  

Governing Law

   17
SECTION 9.03.  

Judgment Currency

   17
SECTION 9.04.  

Notices

   18
SECTION 9.05.  

Successors and Assigns

   18
SECTION 9.06.  

Counterparts

   18
SECTION 9.07.  

Severability

   18
SECTION 9.08.  

Expenses, etc.

   19
SECTION 9.09.  

Security Interest Absolute

   19
SECTION 9.10.  

WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL

   19
SECTION 9.11.  

Incorporation by Reference

   20

 

ii


PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of     , 2005, among Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Company”), The Bank of New York, not individually but solely as collateral agent (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Collateral Agent”), as custodial agent (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Custodial Agent”) and as “securities intermediary” as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code (as defined herein) (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Securities Intermediary”), and The Bank of New York, a New York banking association, not individually but solely as trustee and as attorney-in-fact of the holder of the senior notes of the Company described herein (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the “Trustee”) under the Notes Indenture (as defined herein).

 

RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, Lazard Ltd and the Purchase Contract Agent are parties to the Purchase Contract Agreement dated as of the date hereof (as modified, amended or supplemented, the “Purchase Contract Agreement”), pursuant to which there may be issued Units (such term, and each other capitalized term used in these recitals, having the meaning set forth herein or, if not defined herein, the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement) having a Stated Amount of $25 per Unit, all of which will initially be Normal Units.

 

WHEREAS, each Normal Unit will consist of (a) a Purchase Contract and (b) either (i) a 1/40, or 2.5%, beneficial ownership interest in a Note having a $1,000 principal amount or (ii) following a Special Event Redemption in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement and the terms of the Notes, beneficial ownership of the Treasury Consideration.

 

WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Purchase Contracts, the Holders, from time to time, of the Units have irrevocably authorized the Purchase Contract Agent, as attorney-in-fact of such Holders, among other things, to execute and deliver the Notes Pledge Agreement on behalf of such Holders and to grant the pledge provided thereby of the Notes, any Treasury Consideration and any Treasury Securities delivered in exchange therefor to secure each Holder’s obligations under the related Purchase Contract, as provided therein and subject to the terms thereof.

 

WHEREAS, the Company as holder of the Senior Notes has irrevocably authorized the Trustee, as its attorney-in-fact, to, among other things, execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of the Company and to grant the pledge provided hereby of the Senior Notes to secure the Company’s obligations under the Notes comprising a part of the Purchase Contracts, as provided herein and subject to the terms hereof.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary, the Custodial Agent and the Trustee agree as follows:

 


ARTICLE I

 

Definitions

 

SECTION 1.01. Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

 

(a) capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement;

 

(b) the terms defined in this Agreement include the plural as well as the singular, and nouns and pronouns of the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter genders;

 

(c) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States;

 

(d) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Recital, Article, Section or other subdivision; and

 

(e) the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

“Agent” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.02(b).

 

“Agreement” means this agreement as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more agreements supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof.

 

“Code” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.01.

 

“Collateral” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(a).

 

“Collateral Account” means the securities account (number         ) maintained at         ,         , in the name of “The Bank of New York, as Trustee on behalf of the holder of certain securities of Lazard Group LLC, Collateral Account subject to the security interest of The Bank of New York, as Collateral Agent, for the benefit of Lazard Group Finance LLC, as pledgee” and any successor account.

 

“Collateral Agent” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Company” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Custodial Agent” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Intermediary” means any entity that in the ordinary course of its business maintains securities accounts for others and is acting in that capacity.

 

“Lazard Group” means Lazard Group LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

 

2


“Lazard Ltd” means Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda corporation.

 

“Notes” means the         % senior notes at Lazard Group Finance LLC initially due 2035 issued pursuant to the Notes Indenture, including the notes issued pursuant to the First Supplemental Notes Indenture and the restricted notes issued to the Private Purchaser pursuant to the Second Supplemental Notes Indenture.

 

“Notes Indenture” means the Indenture dated as of         , 2005, between the Company and The Bank of New York, as trustee, as supplemented by the First Supplemental Notes Indenture and the Second Supplemental Notes Indenture, each dated as of         , 2005.

 

“Notes Pledge Agreement” means the Pledge Agreement dated as of         , 2005, among Lazard Ltd, The Bank of New York, as collateral agent (as defined therein), custodial agent (as defined therein) and securities intermediary (as defined therein) and The Bank of New York, as purchase contract agent.

 

“Pledge” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Senior Notes” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Treasury Consideration” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Pledged Treasury Securities” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.01(c).

 

“Private Purchaser” means IXIS-Corporate & Investment Bank, an entity organized under the laws of France.

 

“Proceeds” means all interest, dividends, cash, instruments, securities, financial assets (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(9) of the Code) and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed upon the sale, exchange, collection or disposition of the Collateral or any proceeds thereof.

 

“Purchase Contract Agreement” has the meaning set forth in the Recitals to this Agreement.

 

“Securities Intermediary” has the meaning set forth in the preamble to this Agreement.

 

“Security Entitlement” has the meaning set forth in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code.

 

“Senior Notes” means the         % senior notes of Lazard Group LLC initially due 2035 issued pursuant to the Senior Notes Indenture, as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Senior Notes Indenture.

 

“Senior Notes Indenture” means the Indenture dated as of         , 2005, between Lazard Group LLC and The Bank of New York, as trustee, as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Senior Notes Indenture.

 

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“TRADES Regulations” means the regulations of the United States Department of the Treasury, published at 31 C.F.R. Part 357, as amended from time to time. Unless otherwise defined herein, all terms defined in the TRADES Regulations are used herein as therein defined.

 

“Transfer” means, with respect to the Collateral and in accordance with the instructions of the Collateral Agent, the Trustee or the Company, as applicable:

 

(i) in the case of Collateral consisting of certificated securities, delivery as provided in 8-301(a) of the UCC in appropriate physical form to the recipient accompanied by any duly executed instruments of transfer, assignments in blank, transfer tax stamps and any other documents necessary to constitute a legally valid transfer to the recipient; and

 

(ii) in the case of Collateral consisting of security entitlements relating to securities maintained in book-entry form, by causing a “securities intermediary” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code) to (a) credit such “security entitlement” (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code) to a “securities account” (as defined in Section 8-501(a) of the Code) maintained by or on behalf of the recipient and (b) to issue a confirmation to the recipient with respect to such credit.

 

In the case of Collateral to be delivered to the Collateral Agent, the securities intermediary shall be the Securities Intermediary and the securities account shall be the Collateral Account. In addition, any Transfer of Treasury Securities and Treasury Consideration hereunder shall be made in accordance with the TRADES Regulations and other applicable law.

 

“Trustee” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.

 

ARTICLE II

 

Pledge; Control and Perfection

 

SECTION 2.01. The Pledge. (a) The Trustee and the Company, acting through the Trustee, as its attorney-in-fact, hereby pledges and grants to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Notes, as collateral security for the payment and performance when due by the Company of its obligations to such holders under the Notes, a security interest in, and right of set-off against, all of the right, title and interest of the Trustee and the Company in:

 

(i) the Senior Notes;

 

(ii) the Collateral Account and all securities, financial assets, security entitlements, cash and other property credited thereto and all Security Entitlements related thereto;

 

(iii) all Proceeds of the foregoing; and

 

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(iv) all powers and rights now owned or hereafter acquired under or with respect to any of the foregoing (all of the foregoing, collectively, the “Collateral”).

 

(b) Prior to or concurrently with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Trustee, on behalf of the Company, shall cause the Senior Notes, which will be subject to the Pledge set forth in this Section 2.01, to be Transferred to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Notes.

 

(c) The pledge provided in this Section 2.01 is herein referred to as the “Pledge” and the Senior Notes, subject to the Pledge, are hereinafter referred to as “Pledged Senior Notes”. Subject to the Pledge and the provisions of Section 2.02 hereof, the Company shall have full beneficial ownership of the Collateral. For purposes of perfecting the Pledge under applicable law, including, to the extent applicable, the TRADES Regulations or the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted and in effect in any applicable jurisdiction, the Collateral Agent shall be the agent of the holders from time to time of the Notes as provided herein. Whenever directed by the Collateral Agent acting on behalf of such holders, the Securities Intermediary shall have the right to reregister in its name the Senior Notes or any other securities held in physical form.

 

(d) Except as may be required in order to release Senior Notes in connection with a Special Event Redemption, or except as otherwise required to release Senior Notes as specified herein, the Collateral Agent, shall not relinquish physical possession of any certificate evidencing Senior Notes prior to the termination of this Agreement. If it becomes necessary for the Collateral Agent to relinquish physical possession of a certificate in order to release a portion of the Senior Notes evidenced thereby from the Pledge, the Company shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to arrange for the Securities Intermediary to obtain physical possession of a replacement certificate evidencing any Senior Notes remaining subject to the Pledge hereunder registered to the Securities Intermediary or endorsed in blank (or accompanied by a bond power endorsed in blank) within fifteen calendar days of the date the Securities Intermediary relinquished possession. The Securities Intermediary shall promptly notify the Company and the Collateral Agent of its inability to obtain possession of any such replacement certificate as required hereby.

 

(e) Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, for avoidance of doubt, interest payments on the Senior Notes shall not be subject to the Pledge and therefore are not part of the Collateral.

 

SECTION 2.02. Delivery, Control and Perfection. (a) The Trustee shall immediately deliver to the Collateral Agent all certificates or instruments representing the Collateral accompanied by stock or bond powers duly executed in blank or other instruments of reasonable satisfaction to the Collateral Agent.

 

(b) Except as provided in Section 4.01, at all times prior to the termination of the Pledge, the Collateral Agent shall have sole control of the Collateral Account, and the Securities Intermediary shall take instructions and directions with respect to the Collateral Account solely from the Collateral Agent. In connection with the Pledge granted in Section 2.01, and subject to the other provisions of this Agreement, the Company acting through the Trustee, as its

 

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attorney-in-fact, hereby authorizes and directs the Securities Intermediary (without the necessity of obtaining the further consent of the Trustee or the Company), and the Securities Intermediary agrees, to comply with and follow any instructions and entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the Code) that the Collateral Agent may deliver pursuant to the terms hereof or upon the written direction of the holders with respect to the Collateral Account, the Collateral credited thereto and any Security Entitlements with respect thereto. Such instructions and entitlement orders may, without limitation, direct the Securities Intermediary to transfer, redeem, assign, or otherwise deliver the Senior Notes, and any Security Entitlements with respect thereto, or sell, liquidate or dispose of such assets through a broker designated by the holders, and to pay and deliver any income, proceeds or other funds derived therefrom to the holders. The Collateral Agent shall be the agent of the holders and shall act only in accordance with the terms hereof or as otherwise directed in writing by the holders. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall issue entitlement orders to the Securities Intermediary when and as required by the terms hereof or as otherwise directed in writing by the holders.

 

(c) The Securities Intermediary hereby confirms and agrees that:

 

(i) all securities or other property underlying any financial assets credited to the Collateral Account shall be registered in the name of the Securities Intermediary, or its nominee, endorsed to the Securities Intermediary, or its nominee, or in blank or credited to another Collateral Account maintained in the name of the Securities Intermediary and in no case will any financial asset credited to the Collateral Account be registered in the name of the Trustee, the Collateral Agent, the Company or any holder, payable to the order of, or specially indorsed to, the Trustee, the Collateral Agent, the Company or any holder except to the extent the foregoing have been specially endorsed to the Securities Intermediary or in blank;

 

(ii) all property delivered to the Securities Intermediary pursuant to this Agreement (including, without limitation, any Senior Notes) will be promptly credited to the Collateral Account;

 

(iii) the Collateral Account is an account to which financial assets are or may be credited, and the Securities Intermediary shall, subject to the terms of this Agreement, treat the Trustee as entitled to exercise the rights of any financial asset credited to the Collateral Account;

 

(iv) the Securities Intermediary has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with any other Person relating to the Collateral Account or any financial assets credited thereto pursuant to which it has agreed to comply with entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the Code) of such other Person; and

 

(v) the Securities Intermediary has not entered into, and until the termination of this Agreement will not enter into, any agreement with any holder, the Collateral Agent or the Trustee purporting to limit or condition the obligation of the Securities Intermediary to comply with entitlement orders as set forth in this Section 2.02 hereof.

 

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(d) The Securities Intermediary hereby agrees that each item of property (whether investment property, financial asset, security, instrument or cash) credited to the Collateral Account shall be treated as a “financial asset” within the meaning of Section 8-102(a)(9) of the Code.

 

(e) In the event of any conflict between this Agreement (or any portion thereof) and any other agreement now existing or hereafter entered into, the terms of this Agreement, as may be amended pursuant to Article IX hereof, shall prevail.

 

(f) The Trustee hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints the Collateral Agent and the holders, with full power of substitution, as the Trustee’s attorney-in-fact to take on behalf of, and in the name, place and stead of the Trustee and the Company, any action necessary or desirable to perfect and to keep perfected the security interest in the Collateral referred to in Section 2.01. The grant of such power-of-attorney shall not be deemed to require of the Collateral Agent any specific duties or obligations not otherwise assumed by the Collateral Agent hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary or the Trustee be responsible for the preparation or filing of any financing or continuation statements in the appropriate jurisdictions or responsible for maintenance or perfection of any security interest hereunder.

 

(g) The Trustee shall file with the United States Internal Revenue Service (and deliver to the Company) Forms 1099 (or successor or comparable forms), to the extent required by law, with respect to payments to the Company.

 

ARTICLE III

 

Payments on Collateral

 

SECTION 3.01. Payments. So long as the Company or the Trustee is the registered owner of the Pledged Senior Notes, the Trustee shall receive all payments thereon. If the Pledged Senior Notes are reregistered such that the Collateral Agent becomes the registered holder, all payments of the principal of, or interest or other amounts on the Pledged Senior Notes that are properly payable hereunder shall be paid by the Collateral Agent by wire transfer in same day funds, in the case of (A) any interest payments with respect to the Pledged Senior Notes and (B) any payments with respect to any Senior Notes that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to Section 4.01 hereof, to the Trustee, for the benefit of the Company, to the account designated by the Trustee for such purpose no later than 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment or payment instructions are received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 9:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day);

 

SECTION 3.02. Application of Payments. All payments received by the Trustee as provided herein shall be applied by the Trustee pursuant to the provisions of the Notes Indenture. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustee shall receive any payments of principal

 

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on account of any Senior Notes, that, at the time of such payments, are Pledged Senior Notes, the Trustee or the Company shall hold the same as trustee of an express trust for the benefit of the holders (and promptly deliver the same over to the holders) for application to the obligations of the Company under the Notes comprising a part of the Purchase Contracts, and the Company shall acquire no right, title or interest in any such payments of principal so received, except as provided herein.

 

ARTICLE IV

 

Voting Rights — Senior Notes

 

SECTION 4.01. Exercise by Trustee. The Trustee may exercise, or refrain from exercising, any and all voting and other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Senior Notes, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Senior Notes Indenture.

 

ARTICLE V

 

Rights and Remedies; Special Event Redemption; Lazard Group Merger

 

SECTION 5.01. Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent. (a) In addition to the rights and remedies available at law or in equity, after an event of default under any of the Senior Notes by the Company, the Collateral Agent shall have all of the rights and remedies with respect to the Collateral of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code (or any successor thereto) as in effect in the State of New York from time to time (the “Code”) (whether or not the Code is in effect in the jurisdiction where the rights and remedies are asserted) and the TRADES Regulations and such additional rights and remedies to which a secured party is entitled under the laws in effect in any jurisdiction where any rights and remedies hereunder may be asserted. Wherever reference is made in this Agreement to any section of the Code, such reference shall be deemed to include a reference to any provision of the Code which is a successor to, or amendment of, such section. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such remedies may include, to the extent permitted by applicable law, at the direction of the Trustee (i) retention of the Pledged Senior Notes or other Collateral in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligations under the Notes comprising a part of the Units or (ii) sale of the Pledged Senior Notes or other Collateral in one or more public or private sales or otherwise at the written direction of the Trustee.

 

(b) Without limiting any rights or powers otherwise granted by this Agreement to the Collateral Agent, the Collateral Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized to receive and collect all payments of the principal amount of, or interest on the Pledged Senior Notes, subject to the provisions of Article III.

 

(c) The Trustee, as attorney-in-fact for the Company, agrees that, from time to time, upon the written request of the holders or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the Holders), the Trustee or the Company shall execute and deliver such further

 

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documents and do such other acts and things as may be necessary, including as the Company or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the Company) may reasonably request in order to maintain the Pledge, and the perfection and priority thereof, and to confirm the rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder. The Trustee shall have no liability to the Company for executing any documents or taking any such acts requested by the holders or the Collateral Agent (acting upon the written request of the holders) hereunder, except for liability for its own grossly negligent act, its own grossly negligent failure to act, its own bad faith or its own willful misconduct.

 

SECTION 5.02. Special Event Redemption. Upon the occurrence of a Special Event Redemption and the satisfaction of all terms and conditions related thereto as set forth in the Notes Indenture and the Senior Notes Indenture, including receipt of the Redemption Price, the Collateral Agent shall be authorized to surrender the Senior Notes in accordance with the provisions of the Senior Notes Indenture.

 

SECTION 5.03. Lazard Group Merger. Upon the occurrence of a Lazard Group Merger and the satisfaction of all terms and conditions related thereto as set forth in the Notes Indenture and the Senior Notes Indenture, the Collateral Agent shall be authorized to release the Senior Notes in accordance with the provisions of the Notes Indenture and the Senior Notes Indenture. Any such Senior Notes that would replace the Notes constituting part of a Normal Unit shall be transferred to the person acting as collateral agent with respect to the Normal Units.

 

ARTICLE VI

 

Representations and Warranties; Covenants

 

SECTION 6.01. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company, acting through the Trustee as its attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Trustee shall not be liable for any representation or warranty made by or on behalf of the Company), hereby represents and warrants to the Collateral Agent, which representations and warranties shall be deemed repeated on each day the Company Transfers Collateral that:

 

(a) such Company has the power to grant a security interest in and lien on the Collateral;

 

(b) the Company is the sole beneficial owner of the Collateral and, in the case of Collateral delivered in physical form, is the sole holder of such Collateral and is the sole beneficial owner of, or has the right to Transfer, the Collateral it Transfers to the Collateral Agent, free and clear of any security interest, lien, encumbrance, call, liability to pay money or other restriction other than the security interest and lien granted under Section 2.01;

 

(c) upon the Transfer of the Collateral to the Collateral Account, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Notes, will have a valid and perfected first priority security interest therein (assuming that any central clearing operation or any Intermediary or other entity not within the control of the Company

 

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involved in the Transfer of the Collateral, including the Collateral Agent, gives the notices and takes the action required of it hereunder and under applicable law for perfection of that interest and assuming the establishment and exercise of control pursuant to Section 2.02); and

 

(d) the execution and performance by the Company of its obligations under this Agreement will not result in the creation of any security interest, lien or other encumbrance on the Collateral other than the security interest and lien granted under Section 2.01 or violate any provision of any existing law or regulation applicable to it or of any mortgage, charge, pledge, indenture, contract or undertaking to which it is a party or which is binding on it or any of its assets.

 

SECTION 6.02. Representations and Warranties of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary. Each of the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary (each an “Agent”) hereby represents and warrants:

 

(a) such Agent is a national banking association duly organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America;

 

(b) the Securities Intermediary is a “securities intermediary” as defined in Article 8-102(a)(14) of the Code and the Collateral Account is a “securities account” as such term is defined in Section 8-501(a) of the Code;

 

(c) the execution, delivery and performance by such Agent of this Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of such Agent; this Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by such Agent and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of such Agent, enforceable against such Agent in accordance with its terms, subject, as to enforcement, to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles;

 

(d) the execution, delivery and performance by such Agent of this Agreement does not violate or constitute a breach of the Articles of Incorporation or By-Laws of such Agent; and

 

(e) no consent of any federal or state banking authority having regulatory authority over such Agent in its individual capacity is required for the execution and delivery of, or performance by its Agent of its respective obligations under, this Agreement.

 

SECTION 6.03. Covenants. The Company, acting through the Trustee as their attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Trustee shall not be liable for any covenant made by or on behalf of the Company), hereby covenant to the Collateral Agent that for so long as the Collateral remains subject to the Pledge:

 

(a) neither the Trustee nor the Company will create or purport to create or allow to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or any other security interest whatsoever over the Collateral or any part of it other than pursuant to this Agreement; and

 

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(b) neither the Trustee nor Company will sell or otherwise dispose (or attempt to dispose) of the Collateral or any part of it except for the beneficial interest therein, subject to the pledge hereunder, transferred in connection with the Transfer of the Units.

 

ARTICLE VII

 

The Agents

 

SECTION 7.01. Appointment, Powers and Immunities. (a) Each Agent shall act as agent for the Company hereunder with such powers as are specifically vested in such Agent by the terms of this Agreement, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. Each Agent:

 

(i) shall have no duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and no implied covenants or obligations shall be inferred from this Agreement against any of them, nor shall any of them be bound by the provisions of any agreement by any party hereto beyond the specific terms hereof;

 

(ii) shall not be responsible for any recitals contained in this Agreement, or in any certificate or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by it under, this Agreement, the Senior Notes or the Senior Notes Indenture, or for the value, validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement (other than as against such Agent), the Senior Notes or the Senior Notes Indenture or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or for any failure by the Company or any other Person (except such Agent) to perform any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder or, except as expressly required hereby, for the existence, validity, perfection, priority or maintenance of any security interest created hereunder;

 

(iii) shall not be required to initiate or conduct any litigation or collection proceedings hereunder (except in the case of the Collateral Agent, pursuant to written directions furnished under Section 7.02 hereof, subject to Section 7.06 hereof);

 

(iv) shall not be responsible for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it hereunder or under any other document or instrument referred to or provided for herein or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its own gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct;

 

(v) shall not be required to advise any party as to selling or retaining, or taking or refraining from taking any action with respect to, the Units or other property deposited hereunder;

 

(vi) may perform any of their duties hereunder directly or by or through agents or attorneys appointed with due care;

 

(vii) shall be entitled to consult with counsel and to act in full reliance upon the advice of such counsel concerning matters pertaining to the agencies created hereby and

 

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its duties hereunder, and shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith and in reliance upon and in accordance with the reasonable advice of counsel selected by it;

 

(viii) shall not be liable with respect to any action taken by it in good faith in accordance with any direction of the Company or its agents except for its own gross negligence or willful misconduct; and

 

(ix) shall not be liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder because of circumstances beyond its control, including, but not limited to, acts of God, flood, war (whether declared or undeclared), terrorism, fire, riot, embargo, government action, including any laws, ordinances, regulations, governmental action or the like which delay, restrict or prohibit the providing of services contemplated by this Agreement.

 

Subject to the foregoing, during the term of this Agreement, each Agent, in connection with the safekeeping and preservation of the Collateral hereunder, shall use the same standard of care it applies for similar property held for its own account.

 

(b) No provision of this Agreement shall require any Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder. In no event shall any Agent be liable for any amount in excess of the value of the Collateral. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each Agent in its individual capacity, hereby waive any right of set-off, banker’s lien, liens or perfection rights as securities intermediary or any counterclaim with respect to any of the Collateral.

 

(c) No Agent shall have any liability whatsoever for the action or inaction of any Clearing Agency or any book-entry system thereof. In no event shall any Clearing Agency or any book-entry system thereof be deemed an agent or subcustodian of any Agent.

 

SECTION 7.02. Instructions of the Company. The Company shall have the right, by one or more instruments in writing executed and delivered to the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for the realization of any right or remedy available to the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, or of exercising any power conferred on the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, or to direct the taking or refraining from taking of any action authorized by this Agreement; provided that (i) such direction shall be in writing and shall not conflict with the provisions of any law or of this Agreement and (ii) the applicable Agent shall receive indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it as provided herein. Nothing in this Section 7.02 shall impair the right of each Agent in its discretion to take any action or omit to take any action which it deems proper and which is not inconsistent with such direction.

 

SECTION 7.03. Reliance. Each Agent, in absence of bad faith, shall be entitled conclusively to rely upon any certification, order, judgment, instructions, opinion, notice or other communication (including, without limitation, any thereof by telephone or facsimile) reasonably believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by or on behalf of the

 

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proper Person or Persons (without being required to determine the correctness of any fact stated therein), and upon advice and written statements of legal counsel and other experts selected by such Agent. As to any matters not expressly provided for by this Agreement, each Agent shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, hereunder in accordance with written instructions given by the Company in accordance with this Agreement.

 

SECTION 7.04. Rights in Other Capacities. Each Agent and its affiliates may (without having to account therefor to the Company) accept deposits from, lend money to, make their investments in and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other business with the Trustee and any holder of Notes (and any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) as if it were not acting as such Agent, and each Agent and its affiliates may accept fees and other consideration from the Trustee or any holder of Notes without having to account for the same to the Company; provided that each Agent covenants and agrees with the Company that it shall not accept, receive or permit there to be created in favor of itself (and waives any right of set-off or banker’s lien with respect to) and shall take no affirmative action to permit there to be created in favor of any other Person, any security interest, lien or other encumbrance of any kind in or upon the Collateral and the Collateral shall not be commingled with any other assets of any such Person.

 

SECTION 7.05. Non-reliance on Collateral Agent. None of the Agents shall be required to keep itself informed as to the performance or observance by the Trustee or any holder of Notes of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Units or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or to inspect the properties or books of the Trustee or any holder of Notes. None of the Agents shall have any duty or responsibility to provide the Company or the Remarketing Agent with any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial condition or business of the Trustee or any holder of Notes (or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) that may come into its possession or any of its affiliates.

 

SECTION 7.06. Compensation and Indemnity. The Company agrees:

 

(a) to pay each Agent from time to time such compensation as shall be agreed in writing between the Company and such Agent for all services rendered by it hereunder; and

 

(b) to indemnify the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary and their officers, directors and agents for, and to hold each of them harmless from and against, any loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense incurred without negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its powers and duties under this Agreement, including the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel) of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of such powers and duties or collecting such amounts. Each Agent shall promptly notify the Company of any third party claim which may give rise to the indemnity hereunder and give the Company the opportunity to control the defense of such claim with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, provided no conflict of interest exists (if such a conflict of interests exists, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary

 

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collectively will be entitled to one separate counsel payable by the Company), and if the Company so elects to assume such defense, the Company shall in good faith defend the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary (in which case all attorney’s fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company). No compromise or settlement of any claims may be effected by any party without the other parties’ consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld) unless (i) there is no finding or omission of any violation of law and no effect on any other claims that may be made against any of such other parties and (ii) the sole relief provided is monetary damages that are paid in full by the party seeking the compromise or settlement. The provisions of this Section 7.06(b) shall survive the termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of any of the Agents.

 

SECTION 7.07. Failure to Act. In the event of any ambiguity in the provisions of this Agreement or any dispute between or conflicting claims by or among the parties hereto or any other Person with respect to any funds or property deposited hereunder, each Agent shall be entitled, after prompt notice to the Company and the Trustee, at its sole option, to refuse to comply with any and all claims, demands or instructions with respect to such property or funds so long as such dispute or conflict shall continue, and no Agent shall be or become liable in any way to any of the parties hereto for its failure or refusal to comply with such conflicting claims, demands or instructions. Each Agent shall be entitled to refuse to act until either (i) such conflicting or adverse claims or demands shall have been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or settled by agreement between the conflicting parties as evidenced in a writing, reasonably satisfactory to such Agent, or (ii) such Agent shall have received security or an indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it sufficient to save such Agent harmless from and against any and all loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense which such Agent may incur by reason of its acting without bad faith, willful misconduct or negligence. Each Agent may, but shall not be required, in addition elect to commence an interpleader action or seek other judicial relief or orders at the expense of the Company as such Agent may deem necessary. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no Agent shall be required to take any action that is in the reasonable opinion of its counsel contrary to law or to the terms of this Agreement, or which would in its reasonable opinion subject it or any of its officers, employees or directors to liability.

 

SECTION 7.08. Resignation; Replacement of Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent or Securities Intermediary. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Agent, as provided below, (a) any Agent may resign at any time by giving notice thereof to the Company and the Trustee as attorney-in-fact for the holders of Notes, (b) any Agent may be removed at any time by the Company (with or without cause) by notice to the Trustee and the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary and (c) if any Agent fails to perform any of its material obligations hereunder in any material respect for a period of not less than 20 days after receiving written notice of such failure by the Trustee and such failure shall be continuing, such Agent may be removed by the Trustee (including with respect to other Agent responsibilities). The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of any removal of an Agent pursuant to clause (c) of the immediately preceding sentence. Upon notice of any such resignation or removal, the Company shall have the right to appoint a successor Agent. If no successor Agent shall have been so appointed and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after any notice of such resignation or such removal, then the retiring Agent may at the

 

14


Company’s expense petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Agent. Upon removal of an Agent, no fees paid to the retiring Agent pursuant to Section 7.06(a) of this Agreement shall be refunded. Each successor Agent shall be a financial institution which has an office or agency in New York, New York with a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 or any affiliate of a financial institution having such capital and surplus. Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Agent hereunder by a successor Agent, such successor shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Agent, and the retiring Agent, upon payment of any of its unpaid fees and expenses, shall take all appropriate action to transfer any money and property held by it hereunder (including the Collateral) to such successor. The retiring Agent shall, upon such succession, be discharged from its duties and obligations as such Agent hereunder. After any retiring Agent’s resignation hereunder as Agent, the provisions of this Section 7.08 and Section 7.06 hereof, shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as such Agent. Any resignation or removal of the Collateral Agent hereunder shall be deemed for all purposes of this Agreement as the simultaneous resignation or removal of the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary hereunder.

 

So long as it meets the requirements of this Section 7.08, any corporation into which the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary, in its individual capacity, may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Collateral Agent in its individual capacity shall be a party, or any corporation to which substantially all the corporate trust business of the Collateral Agent in its individual capacity may be transferred, shall be the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, or the Securities Intermediary, as the case may be, respectively, under this Agreement without further act.

 

SECTION 7.09. Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor. The Collateral Agent shall have the right to appoint agents or advisors in connection with any of its duties hereunder, and the Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by, or in reliance upon the advice of, such agents or advisors reasonably selected in good faith. The appointment of agents (other than legal counsel) pursuant to this Section 7.09 shall be subject to prior written consent of the Company.

 

SECTION 7.10. Survival. The provisions of this Article VII shall survive termination of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent or the Securities Intermediary.

 

SECTION 7.11. Exculpation. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall any of the Agents or their respective officers, employees or agents be liable under this Agreement to any third party for indirect, special, punitive or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including lost profits or loss of business, relating to, arising from or in connection with this Agreement, whether or not the likelihood of such loss or damage was known to such Agent, incurred without any act or deed that is found to be attributable to negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of such Agent.

 

15


ARTICLE VIII

 

Amendment

 

SECTION 8.01. Amendment Without Consent of the Holders. Without the consent of the Holders, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may amend this Agreement, in form satisfactory to the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

 

(i) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company to the extent permitted by the Notes Indenture; or

 

(ii) to add covenants of the Company, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company so long as such covenants or such surrender do not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created hereunder; or

 

(iii) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent, Securities Intermediary or Trustee; or

 

(iv) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions herein which may be inconsistent with any other such provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions arising under this Agreement, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders.

 

SECTION 8.02. Amendment with Consent of the Holders. With the consent of the majority of the Holders, the Trustee or the Collateral Agent, as the case may be, the Company, the Trustee, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary may amend this Agreement for the purpose of modifying in any manner the provisions of this Agreement or the rights of the Company in respect of the Senior Notes, provided that the approval of each Holder shall be required to change the amount or type of Collateral, impair the right of the Trustee on behalf of the Holders, to receive distributions on the underlying Collateral or otherwise adversely affect the Trustee’s rights in or to such Collateral.

 

It shall not be necessary under this Section for the Holders to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such action approves the substance thereof.

 

SECTION 8.03. Execution of Amendments. In executing any amendment permitted by this Article VIII, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Trustee shall be entitled to receive and shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and that all conditions precedent, if any, to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied and, in the case of an amendment pursuant to Section 8.01, that such amendment does not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priority of the security interests granted or created hereunder.

 

16


SECTION 8.04. Effect of Amendments. Upon the execution of any amendment under this Article VIII, this Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such amendment shall form a part of this Agreement for all purposes.

 

SECTION 8.05. Reference to Amendments. Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Company and delivered after the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Article VIII may, and shall if required by the Collateral Agent or the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee and the Collateral Agent as to any matter provided for in such amendment.

 

ARTICLE IX

 

Miscellaneous

 

SECTION 9.01. No Waiver. No failure on the part of any party hereto or any of its agents to exercise, and no course of dealing with respect to, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by any party hereto or any of its agents of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy. The remedies herein are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law.

 

SECTION 9.02. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Without limiting the foregoing, the above choice of law is expressly agreed to by the Securities Intermediary, the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the company acting through the Trustee, as its attorney-in-fact, in connection with the establishment and maintenance of the Collateral Account, which law, for purposes of the Code, shall be deemed to be the law governing all Security Entitlements related thereto. In addition, such parties agree that, for purposes of the Code, New York shall be the Securities Intermediary’s jurisdiction. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, hereby submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of any New York state court sitting in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City for the purposes of all legal proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Units, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which they may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

 

SECTION 9.03. Judgment Currency. The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due (the “Required Currency”) into a currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the “Judgment Currency”), the rate of exchange

 

17


used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Purchase Contract Agent could purchase in The City of New York the requisite amount of the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the New York Banking Day preceding the day on which a final unappealable judgment is given and (b) its obligations under this Agreement to make payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment (whether or not entered in accordance with clause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for any other sum due under this Agreement. For purpose of the foregoing, “New York Banking Day” means any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in The City of New York or a day on which banking institutions in The City of New York are authorized or obligated by law, regulation or executive order to be closed.

 

SECTION 9.04. Notices. Unless otherwise stated herein, all notices, requests, instructions, consents and other communications provided for herein (including, without limitation, any modifications of, or waivers or consents under, this Agreement) shall be given or made in writing (including, without limitation, by telecopy) and, if sent to the Company, will be mailed, delivered or telecopied to Clarendon House, 2 Church Street, Hamilton HM11, Bermuda, Attention:             (fax no.: (441)             ), with a copy to Lazard Ltd, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York, 10020, Attention:             , telecopy:             ; or if sent to the Purchase Contract Agent as attorney-in-fact of the Holders from time to time of the Units, will be mailed, delivered or telefaxed to             , Attention: General Counsel (fax no.:             ); or if sent to the Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary, will be mailed, delivered or telefaxed to (fax no.:             ), or as to any party, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all such communications shall be deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or, in the case of a mailed notice or notice transmitted by telecopier, upon receipt, in each case given or addressed as aforesaid.

 

SECTION 9.05. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Trustee, and the Company as holder of the Senior Notes, by its acceptance of the same, shall be deemed to have agreed to be bound by the provisions hereof and to have ratified the agreements of, and the grant of the Pledge hereunder by, the Trustee.

 

SECTION 9.06. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing any such counterpart.

 

SECTION 9.07. Severability. If any provision hereof is invalid and unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally

 

18


construed in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible and (ii) the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

 

SECTION 9.08. Expenses, etc. The Company agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Custodial Agent for:

 

(a) all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and all reasonable expenses of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel to the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary), in connection with (i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery or performance of this Agreement and (ii) any modification, supplement or waiver of any of the terms of this Agreement;

 

(b) all reasonable costs and expenses of the Collateral Agent, the Custodial Agent and the Securities Intermediary (including, without limitation, reasonable fees and expenses of one counsel) in connection with (i) any enforcement or proceedings resulting or incurred in connection with causing any Holder of Units to satisfy its obligations under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Units and (ii) the enforcement of this Section 9.08; and

 

(c) all transfer, stamp, documentary or other similar taxes, assessments or charges levied by any governmental or revenue authority in respect of this Agreement or any other document referred to herein and all costs, expenses, taxes, assessments and other charges, if any, incurred in connection with any filing, registration, recording or perfection of any security interest to the extent contemplated hereby.

 

SECTION 9.09. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral Agent and security interests hereunder, and all obligations of the Holders from time to time hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of:

 

(a) any lack of validity or enforceability of any provision of the Purchase Contracts or the Units or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto;

 

(b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or any other term of, or any increase in the amount of, all or any of the obligations of Holders of Units under the related Purchase Contracts, or any other amendment or waiver of any term of, or any consent to any departure from any requirement of, the Purchase Contract Agreement or any Purchase Contract or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto; or

 

(c) any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or discharge of, a borrower, a guarantor or a pledgor.

 

SECTION 9.10. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH PARTY ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT ANY CONTROVERSY WHICH MAY ARISE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT IS LIKELY TO INVOLVE COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT ISSUES, AND THEREFORE IT HEREBY IRREVOCABLY AND UNCONDITIONALLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN RESPECT OF ANY

 

19


LITIGATION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

SECTION 9.11. Incorporation by Reference. Each of the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary agrees that the Trustee is, in acting hereunder with respect to the Company, entitled to all rights, privileges, benefits, protections, immunities and indemnities provided to it under the Notes Indenture.

 

20


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC
By    
   

Name:

   

Title:

THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Trustee and as attorney-in-fact of the Company,
By    
   

Name:

   

Title:

THE BANK OF NEW YORK, as Collateral Agent, Custodial Agent and Securities Intermediary,
By    
   

Name:

   

Title:

 

21

Form of Opinion of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda

Exhibit 5.1

 

[FORM OF OPINION]

 

                                         , 2005

 

Lazard Ltd

Clarendon House

2 Church Street

Hamilton HM 11

BERMUDA

 

DIRECT LINE:   441-299 4923

E-MAIL:            cggarrod@cdp.bm

OUR REF:        CGG/mgb/329413/Corp.D.141849

 

Dear Sirs,

 

Lazard Ltd (the “Company”)

 

We have acted as special legal counsel in Bermuda to the Company in connection with a registration statement on form S-1 (Registration No. 333 – 123463) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on 21 March, 2005 as amended (the “Registration Statement”, which term does not include any other document or agreement whether or not specifically referred to therein or attached as an exhibit or schedule thereto) relating to the registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) of equity security units (the “Units”), consisting of (a) contracts to purchase (the “Purchase Contracts”) certain of the Company’s Class A common shares, par value US$0.01 each (the “Shares”) and (b) 2.5% ownership interests in a senior note of the Company’s affiliate, Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

 

For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined a copy of the Registration Statement. We have also reviewed the memorandum of association and the bye-laws of the Company, each certified by the Secretary of the Company on                     , 2005, copies of unanimous written resolutions or minutes of a meeting of the members of the Company dated                     , 2005 and unanimous written resolutions or minutes of a meeting of the board of directors of the Company dated                     , 2005 (together, the “Minutes”), an officer’s certificate from [title of officer, e.g. the General Counsel] of the Company confirming that the Minutes remain in full force and effect and have not been rescinded or amended (the “Officer’s Certificate) and such other documents and made such enquiries as to questions of law as we have deemed necessary in order to render the opinion set forth below.

 

We have assumed (a) the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures and the conformity to the originals of all copies (whether or not certified) examined by us and the authenticity and completeness of the originals from which such copies were taken, (b) that where a document has been examined by us in draft form, it will be or has been executed and/or filed in the form of that draft, and where a number of drafts of a document have been examined by us all changes thereto have been marked or otherwise drawn to our attention, (c) the accuracy and completeness of all factual representations made in the Registration Statement, the Officer’s


Lazard Ltd

CD&P

                    , 2005

Page 2


 

Certificate and other documents reviewed by us, (d) that there is no provision of the law of any jurisdiction, other than Bermuda, which would have any implication in relation to the opinions expressed herein, (e) the Company will have sufficient authorised capital to effect the issue of the Shares upon the exercise of any of the Purchase Contracts and (f) the capacity, power and authority of all parties other than the Company to enter into and perform their obligations under the Purchase Contracts, and the due execution and delivery thereof by each party thereto.

 

When we describe the Shares as being “non-assessable” herein we mean that no further sums are required to be paid by the holders thereof in connection with the issue of such shares.

 

We have made no investigation of and express no opinion in relation to the laws of any jurisdiction other than Bermuda. This opinion is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Bermuda and is limited to and is given on the basis of the current law and practice in Bermuda. This opinion is issued solely for the purposes of the filing of the Registration Statement and the offering of the Units by the Company and Lazard Group Finance LLC and is not to be relied upon in respect of any other matter.

 

On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that:

 

1. The Company is duly incorporated and existing under the laws of Bermuda in good standing (meaning solely that it has not failed to make any filing with any Bermuda government authority or to pay any Bermuda government fees or tax which would make it liable to be struck off the Register of Companies and thereby cease to exist under the laws of Bermuda).

 

2. Following the due exercise of the Purchase Contracts, when issued and paid for as contemplated by the Registration Statement at a price per share equal to at least the par value thereof, the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

 

3. The statements contained in the prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement under the captions “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations—Taxation of Lazard and its Subsidiaries—Bermuda” and “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations—Taxation of Stockholders— Bermuda Taxation”, to the extent that they constitute statements of Bermuda law, are accurate in all material respects and that such statements constitute our opinion.

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the references to our firm under the captions “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations” and “Legal Matters”, in the prospectus forming a part of the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not hereby admit that we are experts within the meaning of Section 11 of the Securities Act or that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

CONYERS DILL & PEARMAN

Form of Accuracy Opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz

Exhibit 8.1

 

[WLRK FORM OF ACCURACY OPINION]

 

                 , 2005

 

Lazard Ltd

Clarendon House

2 Church Street

Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

Reference is made to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (as amended through the date hereof, the “Registration Statement”) of Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda company (“Lazard”), and Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Lazard Finance”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the purpose of selling                              (including exercise of the underwriters’                      over-allotment option)             % Equity Security Units (the “Units”), each of which will initially consist of (i) a purchase contract under which the holder agrees to purchase, for $25, shares of Class A common stock of Lazard on                     , 2008 and (ii) a 1/40, or 2.5%, ownership interest in a senior note of Lazard Finance, each with a principal amount of $1000.

 

We have participated in the preparation of the discussion set forth in the section entitled “MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX AND BERMUDA TAX CONSIDERATIONS” (other than the discussion set forth in the sections entitled “MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX AND BERMUDA TAX CONSIDERATIONS—Tax Status of Lazard Ltd and Its Subsidiaries—Bermuda” and “MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX AND BERMUDA TAX CONSIDERATIONS—Taxation of Lazard Ltd’s Stockholders—Bermuda”) in the Registration Statement. Subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth therein, such discussion, insofar as it expresses conclusions as to the application of United States federal income tax law, is our opinion as to the material United States federal income tax consequences of the ownership of Units.

 

In addition, we are of the opinion that Lazard will be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes. In rendering this opinion, we


Lazard Ltd

             , 2005

Page 2

 

have relied, with the consent of Lazard, upon the truth, correctness and completeness of the factual statements and representations (which factual statements and representations we have neither investigated nor verified) contained in the officer’s certificate of Lazard dated the date hereof, and have assumed that where such factual statements and representations express the expectations of Lazard as to a future state of facts, the actual state of facts will be consistent at all times with the state of facts expected by Lazard. We have also relied upon the Registration Statement and the prospectus contained therein, and have assumed that Lazard will conduct its affairs in the manner described therein. We have also relied, with the consent of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda (“Conyers Dill”), upon the opinion of Conyers Dill as to matters of Bermuda law filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and have assumed the accuracy of the conclusions expressed therein.

 

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and to the references therein to us. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

Very truly yours,

Form of Debt Opinion of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz

Exhibit 8.2

 

[WLRK FORM OF DEBT OPINION]

 

                        , 2005

 

Lazard Group Finance LLC Senior Notes

 

Lazard LLC

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, New York 10020

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as tax counsel for Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company to be renamed Lazard Group LLC (the “Company”), in connection with the Registration Statement filed on March 21, 2005 and amended as of                 , 2005 and the Prospectus dated                 , 2005 (the “Offering Documents”), for the purpose of selling                              (including exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option)         % Equity Security Units (the “Units”), each of which will initially consist of (i) a purchase contract under which the holder agrees to purchase, for $25, shares of Class A common stock of Lazard Ltd, a company formed under the laws of Bermuda, on                 , 2008 and (ii) a 1/40, or 2.5%, ownership interest in a senior note of Lazard Group Finance LLC (the “Notes”), each with a principal amount of $1000.

 

In connection with this opinion, we have examined the Offering Documents, the [Indenture], the form of Note, the Limited Liability Company Agreement of Lazard Group Finance LLC entered into as of                 , 2005 and such other documents and corporate records as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for purposes of our opinion.

 

In our examination, we have assumed that (i) the statements concerning the issuance of the Units and Notes contained in the Offering Documents are true, correct and complete, (ii) the terms of the documents referred to in the preceding paragraph will


Lazard LLC

                , 2005

Page 2

 

be complied with, (iii) the factual representations made to us by the Company in its letter to us dated as of the date hereof and delivered to us for purposes of this opinion (the “Company Representation Letter”) are true, correct and complete, (iv) the factual representations made to us by Goldman, Sachs & Co. in its letter to us dated as of the date hereof and delivered to us for purposes of this opinion (the “Underwriter Representation Letter”) are true, correct and complete and (v) any factual representations made in the Offering Documents, the Company Representation Letter or the Underwriter Representation Letter “to the best knowledge of,” in the “belief” of, or similarly qualified are true, correct and complete without such qualification. If any of the above described assumptions are untrue for any reason or if the issuance of the Units and Notes is consummated in a manner that is inconsistent with the manner in which it is described in the Offering Documents, our opinion as expressed below may be adversely affected and may not be relied upon.

 

Based solely upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that under current United States federal income tax law, the Notes will be classified for United States federal income tax purposes as indebtedness of the Company.

 

Our opinion is limited to the tax matters specifically covered hereby and does not address any other tax consequences relating to the Notes or any other transactions. Our opinion is based upon current statutory, regulatory and judicial authority, any of which may be changed at any time with retroactive effect. Moreover, we note that, other than one published revenue ruling addressing the United States federal income tax treatment of units essentially comparable to the Units, there is no authority directly on point dealing with securities such as the Units or transactions of the type described herein and that our opinion is not binding on the Internal Revenue Service or the courts, either of which could take a contrary position. We disclaim any undertaking to advise you of any subsequent changes of the matters stated, represented or assumed herein or any subsequent changes in applicable law, regulations or interpretations thereof.

 

We are furnishing this opinion to you solely in connection with the issuance of the Notes, and this opinion is not to be relied upon by any other person or for any other purpose. We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm name therein. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules or regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

Very truly yours,

 

List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd.

Exhibit 21.1

 

 

SUBSIDIARIES OF LAZARD LTD

 

The chart below lists all current significant subsidiaries of Lazard LLC, a Delaware limited liability company through which Lazard Ltd’s business is currently conducted. Immediately following the offering, all of the significant subsidiaries of Lazard LLC will become subsidiaries of Lazard Group.

 

NAME OF SUBSIDIARY        


   COUNTRY OF ORGANIZATION

Lazard LLC

   U.S.

Lazard Frères & Co. LLC

   U.S.

Lazard Asset Management LLC

   U.S.

Lazard & Co., Holdings Limited

   United Kingdom

Lazard & Co., Limited

   United Kingdom

Lazard Frères SAS

   France

Lazard Frères Gestion

   France

Lazard Frères Banque SA

   France

Maison Lazard SAS

   France

Lazard & Co. Srl*

   Italy

Lazard Funding Limited LLC

   U.S.

Lazard Group Finance LLC

   U.S.

 

* Jointly-owned indirectly by Lazard Frères & Co. LLC, Lazard & Co., Holdings Limited and Maison Lazard SAS.
List of Subsidiaries of Lazard Group Finance LLC

Exhibit 21.2

 

SUBSIDIARIES OF LAZARD GROUP FINANCE LLC

 

Lazard Group Finance LLC currently has no significant subsidiaries.

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP

Exhibit 23.1

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement No. 333-123463 on Form S-1 of our report dated March 14, 2005, related to the consolidated financial statements of Lazard LLC, appearing in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement, and of our report dated March 14, 2005 relating to the financial statement schedule appearing elsewhere in this Registration Statement.

 

We also consent to the reference to us under the headings “Summary Consolidated Financial Data”, “Selected Consolidated Financial Data” and “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

New York, New York

April 13, 2005

Consent of Conyers Dill & Pearman, Bermuda

Exhibit 23.2

 

18 April, 2005

 

Lazard Ltd

Clarendon House

2 Church Street

Hamilton HM 11

BERMUDA

 

DIRECT LINE: 441-299 4923

E-MAIL: cggarrod@cdp.bm

OUR REF: CGG/mgb/329393/Corp.D.141213

 

Dear Sirs,

 

We hereby consent to the use of our name in the Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-123463) to be filed on or about the date hereof by Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). In giving this consent, we do not admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

/s/ Conyers Dill & Pearman

 

CONYERS DILL & PEARMAN

Consent of Robert Charles Clark

Exhibit 23.4

 

CONSENT OF

ROBERT CLARK

 

Pursuant to Rule 438 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned hereby consents to be named as a person about to become a director of Lazard Ltd in the Registration Statement of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC on Form S-1 (including any and all amendments or supplements thereto) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

By:

 

/s/ Robert Clark


   

Robert Clark

 

April 7, 2005

Consent of Ellis Jones

Exhibit 23.5

 

CONSENT OF

ELLIS JONES

 

Pursuant to Rule 438 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned hereby consents to be named as a person about to become a director of Lazard Ltd in the Registration Statement of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC on Form S-1 (including any and all amendments or supplements thereto) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

By:

 

/s/ Ellis Jones


    Ellis Jones

 

April 7, 2005

Consent of Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.

Exhibit 23.6

 

CONSENT OF

VERNON E. JORDAN, JR.

 

Pursuant to Rule 438 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned hereby consents to be named as a person about to become a director of Lazard Ltd in the Registration Statement of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC on Form S-1 (including any and all amendments or supplements thereto) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

By:

 

/s/ Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.


   

Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.

 

April 7, 2005

Consent of Anthony Orsatelli

Exhibit 23.7

 

CONSENT OF

ANTHONY ORSATELLI

 

Pursuant to Rule 438 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned hereby consents to be named as a person about to become a director of Lazard Ltd in the Registration Statement of Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC on Form S-1 (including any and all amendments or supplements thereto) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

By:

 

/s/ Anthony Orsatelli


   

Anthony Orsatelli

 

April 7, 2005

Power of Attorney for Bruce Wasserstein

Exhibit 24.2

 

Power of Attorney

 

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints Scott D. Hoffman, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments, of and supplements to this registration statement, or any related registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto any such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, to all intents and purposes and as fully as they might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of their respective substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

 

Executed this 8th day of April 2005.

 

 

/s/    Bruce Wasserstein
Bruce Wasserstein
Director and Chief Executive Officer
 
SEC Cover Letter

LOGO

 

VIA EDGAR TRANSMISSION

 

Mr. Mark Webb

Branch Chief

Division of Corporation Finance

Securities and Exchange Commission

450 Fifth Street

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

  Re: Lazard Ltd —

Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 333-123463) relating to the

initial public offering of equity security units of Lazard Ltd

 

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

On behalf of Lazard Ltd, a Bermuda corporation (the “Company”), and Lazard Group Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (together with the Company, the “Registrants”), submitted for filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is Amendment No. 1 to Registrants’ Registration Statement on Form S-1 (the “Registration Statement”), relating to a proposed initial public offering of equity security units of the Company.

 

Please note that the filing fee for the Registration Statement was previously paid upon the initial filing of the Registration Statement.


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Securities and Exchange Commission

April 18, 2005

Page 2

 

If you have any questions regarding this filing, please contact the undersigned at (212) 403-1340, or Benjamin D. Fackler, Esq. at (212) 403-1395, both of this office, as counsel to the Company.

 

Very truly yours,

/s/ Kevin M. Costantino

Kevin M. Costantino, Esq.

 

cc: Scott D. Hoffman, Esq. (Lazard Ltd)

Response Letter

LOGO

 

VIA EDGAR AND FACSIMILE

 

Mr. Mark Webb

Branch Chief

Division of Corporation Finance

Securities and Exchange Commission

450 Fifth Street, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Re: Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance LLC
     Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed March 21, 2005
     File No. 333-123463

 

Dear Mr. Webb,

 

On behalf of Lazard Ltd (“Lazard” or the “Company”) and Lazard Group Finance LLC (“Lazard Group Finance,” and, together with the Company, the “Registrants”), set forth below are the responses of the Registrants to the comments of the staff of the Division of Corporation Finance (the “Staff”), regarding the above-referenced Registration Statement, which you delivered in a letter dated April 12, 2005.

 

We are providing under separate cover five copies of Amendment No. 1 to the above-referenced Registration Statement (“Amendment No. 1”), which reflects the Registrants’ responses and additional and revised disclosure. Two copies of Amendment No. 1 are marked to show changes from the initial filing of the Registration Statement on Form S-1 on March 21,


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 2 of 7

 

2005. We are providing courtesy copies of Amendment No. 1, including a version marked for changes, to Angela Jackson, Staff Accountant, Joyce Sweeney, Senior Accountant, and Christian Windsor, Special Counsel.

 

For your convenience, the text of the Staff’s comments is set forth in bold text followed by the responses of the Registrants. All page references in the responses set forth below refer to pages of the revised Registration Statement.

 

General comments on this filing

 

1. Revise this registration statement to comply with relevant comments directed towards registration statement 333-121407.

 

Response: The Registration Statement has been revised to reflect the comments of the Staff as included herein, as well as to reflect the comments of the Staff to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-121307) relating to shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as applicable.

 

2. Please use no type size smaller than the size that prevails in the document. Currently, footnotes, information used in connection with diagrams, and some financial information is in a smaller size.

 

Response: The Registration Statement has been revised in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

3. Either include Lazard Group as a co-issuer, or supplementally why it is not a co-issuer.

 

Response: The Company supplementally advises the Staff that Lazard Group was not included as a co-issuer with respect to the equity security unit offering under the Registration Statement because no Lazard Group securities are being offered or sold in the offering and Lazard Group is not providing a guarantee or other financial support that could be deemed to be a security. In addition, because Lazard Group Finance will control all of the outstanding voting interests of Lazard Group and will act as its managing member, the “chief part” of Lazard Group Finance’s business will not consist of the purchase of the securities of “one issuer . . . and the sale of its own securities.” Accordingly, Rule 140 of the Securities Act of 1933 is inapplicable to the offering of the equity security units by Lazard Ltd (or the Lazard Group Finance senior notes that are a component thereof) and Lazard Group would not be deemed to be a co-issuer thereunder.

 

As described in the Registration Statement, Lazard Group will be part of the family of companies under Lazard Ltd, the public parent company of the Lazard businesses. Lazard Ltd is the issuer of the equity security units (and the purchase contracts that are a component thereof). Lazard Group Finance is a co-issuer of the equity security units

 


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 3 of 7

 

because it is the issuer of the senior notes that are a component of the equity security units. The Company selected Lazard Group Finance to be the issuer of the senior notes because its “placement” within the Lazard family, among other considerations, allows the Company to maximize the tax deductibility of interest expense associated with the senior notes (relative to other potential subsidiaries of Lazard Ltd). As mentioned above, however, Lazard Group Finance also serves an important role as the intermediate holding company within the Lazard family -- it is the entity through which Lazard Ltd exercises control of Lazard Group. Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance will control and manage an active, on-going financial advisory and asset management business conducted through their controlled subsidiaries. As described in the Registration Statement, Lazard Ltd will consolidate the results of Lazard Group and the other Lazard subsidiaries into its financial statements.

 

Lazard Group itself also is merely a holding company for other Lazard subsidiaries and does not conduct any material operations directly. The net proceeds that Lazard Ltd and Lazard Group Finance receive in connection with the equity security unit offering, prior to be used in connection with the recapitalization, will first be contributed to Lazard Group in return for an intercompany note. The contribution or “on-lending” of proceeds of an offering to a subsidiary is quite common. The contribution and on-lending of proceeds is, in fact, what Lazard Ltd will be doing with the net proceeds of the common stock offering - Lazard Ltd will take the proceeds of the common stock offering and, through its subsidiaries, purchase a number of units of Lazard Group equal to the number of shares of Lazard Ltd common stock sold in the common equity offering. The Company does not believe the contribution or “on-lending” of proceeds to a subsidiary, absent other facts customarily present in offerings where Rule 140 is implicated (such as in a “trust preferred” environment where the “trust” is nothing more than a special purpose conduit and clearly has no control over the “parent”), requires the application of Rule 140.

 

In addition, the Company understands that Rule 140 was adopted to address abuses in the underwriting of securities by persons whose primary business is the purchase and sale of securities. Rule 140 reflects the determination that underwriters should not be able to sell the securities of one entity by issuing their own securities and using the proceeds of the sale of those securities to purchase the securities of another issuer, without full disclosure to the purchasers of the underwriter’s securities of information with respect to that other issuer. Although Rule 140 was adopted in connection with Section 2(11) of the Act, which defines “underwriter”, the Commission has in the past taken the position in interpreting Rule 140 that the issuer of an unregistered security that is being purchased with the proceeds from the sale of a registered security is a “co-issuer” of the registered security, requiring the issuer of the unregistered security to sign the registration statement. This interpretation is intended to prevent the issuer of the underlying security from circumventing the registration process. Such a concern is not applicable to the equity security unit offering. Lazard Ltd, the public parent company for the Lazard

 


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 4 of 7

 

business, is the primary issuer of the equity security units and, as a result, the public parent company is already fully liable for the contents of the Registration Statement. The directors and officers of Lazard Ltd, who will oversee and manage all of the public Lazard businesses, will execute the Registration Statement. Accordingly, the persons of substance in the Lazard business going forward will have the liabilities prescribed by Section 11 of the Securities Act for this offering, and the assets of Lazard Ltd and its subsidiaries will be available to support such liability. Moreover, the Company notes that Rule 3-16 of Regulation S-X provides for financial disclosure in the “holding company” circumstance, and the Registration Statement fully complies with the requirements of Rule 3-16. The Registration Statement contains at least the same disclosure that would have been required had Lazard Group sold notes directly to the public in this offering, including full financial and business information concerning Lazard Group. As a result, investors in this offering will have all material information relevant to an investment decision regarding the equity security units.

 

The Company does not believe that Rule 140 requires a significant subsidiary of a holding company (particularly a significant subsidiary that is itself a holding company) to become a co-issuer merely as a result of the contribution of the proceeds of the holding company’s offering in exchange for securities of such subsidiary with similar terms. Instead, Rule 140 is designed to prevent abuses whereby the “real issuer” is not responsible for the contents of the Registration Statement and the Registration Statement contains inadequate disclosure regarding such “real issuer.” The Company believes that significant subsidiaries of public companies should not be required to become “co-registrants”, and thus increase the number of reporting companies within a business group, unless such subsidiaries do, in fact, issue a security (or a guarantee thereof) to the public. To the Company’s knowledge, neither Rule 140 or the co-issuer position has been applied so broadly in this context, and the Company respectfully submits that it is not appropriate in this instance.

 

Summary

 

The ESU Offering — page 15

 

4. Please cross reference the fixed settlement option with the discussion of the option and the pricing formula on page 187.

 

Response: The Company has revised the Registration Statement to remove the fixed settlement option from the terms of the equity security units.

 

Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations — page 227

 

5. Revise this section to note, if true, that the discussion of the tax consequences represent the opinion of counsel. Also, revise the discussion to eliminate the term “summary” as the discussion represents the opinion of counsel.

 


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 5 of 7

 

Response: The Company has revised the “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax and Bermuda Tax Considerations” section of the Registration Statement in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

6. In this section on page 228 and in the Summary and Risk Factors sections, you reference a single IRS revenue ruling on similar securities. However, you do not state the effect of the fact that there is a dearth of authority on the tax treatment of these securities. Please clarify the impact that the fact that only a single revenue ruling on the particular securities had ruling upon the opinion provided by counsel. Also, revise this section to clarify the substance of that revenue ruling.

 

Response: The Company has revised the Registration Statement on pages 23, 65 and 235 in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

7. In “Risk of Recharacterization,” counsel assumes a particular tax treatment. Please note the reasons for counsel’s assumption, and also discuss what other possible tax treatment and consequences are possible.

 

Response: The Company has revised the Registration Statement on page 235 in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

8. Revise this section describe the tax consequences in the event that the IRS were to reach a conclusion different from the one assumed by your counsel.

 

Response: The Company has revised the Registration Statement on page 235 in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

9. Please clarify what “should” means in the second to last sentence of the first paragraph of page 229.

 

Response: The Company has revised the Registration Statement on page 236 in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

10. Since you are offering common stock, you also need to include a discussion similar to that required in the concurrent S-1. Please revise.

 

Response: The Company has revised the disclosure on page 238 in the section entitled “Ownership of Our Common Stock—Tax Status of Lazard and its Subsidiaries—Partnership Status of Lazard for U.S. Federal Income Tax Purposes” to conform to changes made in the amended Form S-1 of the Company with respect to its common stock.

 

Exhibit 8.1

 


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 6 of 7

 

11. Please file this exhibit as soon as possible to facilitate the review by the staff.

 

Response: The tax opinions of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz have been filed in response to the Staff’s comment.

 

* * *

 


WACHTELL, LIPTON, ROSEN & KATZ

 

Division of Corporate Finance

April 18, 2005

Page 7 of 7

 

Should you require further clarification of the matters discussed in this letter or in the revised Registration Statement, please contact Craig M. Wasserman, Esq., Benjamin D. Fackler, Esq. or the undersigned at (212) 403-1000 (facsimile: (212) 403-2000).

 

Sincerely,

 

/s/ Gavin D. Solotar

Gavin D. Solotar, Esq.

 

cc: Scott D. Hoffman, Esq.
         Managing Director and General Counsel, Lazard LLC

 

     Kris F. Heinzelman, Esq.
         Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP